TED Residency
Muhammed Idris: What refugees need to start new lives
穆罕默德 · 伊德里斯: 难民开始新生活所需要的是什么
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根据联合国难民署，每分钟，20个人就会因为气候变化，经济危机和政治不稳定而流离失所。我们怎么样帮助他们去战胜困难，开始新生活？TED Resident 穆罕默德 · 伊德里斯带领一组拥有科技人员，研究人员和难民的团队建造了Atar，第一个基于人工智能的虚拟向导，带领流离失所的人度过安顿期，帮助他们恢复他们的人权与尊严。“获取正确的资源和信息可以是生存和死亡的距离，” 伊德里斯说道。
Muhammed Idris - Entrepreneur, investor
Muhammed Idris wants to improve social services delivery through collective and artificial intelligence. Full bio
Muhammed Idris wants to improve social services delivery through collective and artificial intelligence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
About two years ago,
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大约两年前，
00:14
I got a phone call that changed my life.
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我接到了一个改变我人生的电话。
00:17
"Hey, this is your cousin Hassen."
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“嗨，我是你的表兄海森。”
00:21
I froze.
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我呆住了。
00:23
You see, I have well over
30 first cousins,
30 first cousins,
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看吧，我有超过30个表兄弟，
但是我不记得有叫海森的人。
00:26
but I didn't know anybody named Hassen.
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00:29
It turned out that Hassen
was actually my mom's cousin
was actually my mom's cousin
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结果海森其实是我母亲的表兄弟，
00:32
and had just arrived
in Montreal as a refugee.
in Montreal as a refugee.
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并且作为一个难民刚到达蒙特利尔。
00:35
And over the next few months,
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在接下来的几个月，
00:36
I would have three more relatives
coming to Canada to apply for asylum
coming to Canada to apply for asylum
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我会有另外3个亲戚
来加拿大申请避难，
来加拿大申请避难，
00:40
with little more than
the clothes on their back.
the clothes on their back.
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他们随身携带的只有一身换洗衣服。
00:43
And in the two years
since that phone call,
since that phone call,
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在接下来两年，因为那通电话，
00:45
my life has completely changed.
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我的人生彻彻底底的改变了。
00:48
I left academia
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我离开了学术界
00:49
and now lead a diverse team
of technologists, researchers and refugees
of technologists, researchers and refugees
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现在带领着来自科技，研究
和难民等不同领域的团队
和难民等不同领域的团队
00:53
that is developing customized
self-help resources for newcomers.
self-help resources for newcomers.
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以为新移民打造自助资源。
00:58
We want to help them overcome
language, cultural and other barriers
language, cultural and other barriers
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我们想让他们战胜语言，
文化和其他障碍，
文化和其他障碍，
01:02
that make them feel like they've lost
control over their own lives.
control over their own lives.
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这些障碍使他们觉得
无法控制他们的人生。
无法控制他们的人生。
01:06
And we feel that AI can help restore
the rights and the dignity
the rights and the dignity
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我们觉得人工智能可以恢复那些
01:09
that many people lose when seeking help.
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在向别人寻求帮助时
丢掉的权益和尊严。
丢掉的权益和尊严。
01:12
My family's refugee experience
is not unique.
is not unique.
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我家庭的难民经历并不少见。
01:16
According to the UNHCR,
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根据联合国难民署，
01:18
every minute, 20 people
are newly displaced
are newly displaced
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每一分钟，就有20个人因为
01:21
by climate change, economic crisis
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气候改变，经济危机
01:23
and social and political instability.
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和社会及政治的不稳定而流离失所。
01:26
And it was while volunteering
at a local YMCA shelter
at a local YMCA shelter
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正是在我表兄海森和其他亲戚被送到那的
01:29
that my cousin Hassen
and other relatives were sent to
and other relatives were sent to
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的基督教青年庇护所里做义工时，
01:32
that we saw and learned to appreciate
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我们亲眼看到并且知道了
01:34
how much effort and coordination
resettlement requires.
resettlement requires.
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协调安置所需要的努力与付出。
当你刚到达时，你需要找到一个律师
01:39
When you first arrive,
you need to find a lawyer
you need to find a lawyer
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01:42
and fill out legal documents
within two weeks.
within two weeks.
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并在两周内填写法律文件。
01:45
You also need to schedule a medical exam
with a pre-authorized physician,
with a pre-authorized physician,
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同时你也需要找有资格的医师
安排一次体检，
安排一次体检，
01:49
just so that you can apply
for a work permit.
for a work permit.
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这样就可以申请工作证了。
01:51
And you need to start looking
for a place to live
for a place to live
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然后在你收到任何社会救助之前，
01:54
before you receive
any sort of social assistance.
any sort of social assistance.
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你需要找一个地方居住。
01:58
With thousands fleeing the United States
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近几年，成千上万的难民离开美国
02:00
to seek asylum in Canada
over the past few years,
over the past few years,
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来加拿大寻求庇护，
02:03
we quickly saw what it looks like
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我们很快遭遇了
02:04
when there are more people who need help
than there are resources to help them.
than there are resources to help them.
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需要帮助的人比可用资源多的情况，
02:09
Social services doesn't scale quickly,
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社会服务无法快速扩大规模，
02:11
and even if communities do their best
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即便社区尽了他们最大的努力
02:14
to help more people
with limited resources,
with limited resources,
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用有限资源帮助更多的人，
02:17
newcomers end up spending
more time waiting in limbo,
more time waiting in limbo,
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很多新移民还得花上很多时间等待，
02:19
not knowing where to turn.
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不知道下一步该怎么走。
02:22
In Montreal, for example,
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举个例子，在蒙特利尔，
02:23
despite millions of dollars being spent
to support resettlement efforts,
to support resettlement efforts,
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尽管在安置工作上已经
花费了百万美元，
花费了百万美元，
02:27
nearly 50 percent of newcomers
still don't know
still don't know
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但是将近50%的新移民仍不知道
02:30
that there are free resources that exist
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有免费资源存在，
02:32
to help them with everything
from filling out paperwork
from filling out paperwork
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可以帮助他们做从
填写文件到寻找工作
填写文件到寻找工作
02:35
to finding a job.
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的任何事情。
02:37
The challenge is not
that this information doesn't exist.
that this information doesn't exist.
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最具有挑战的不是
这些信息不存在。
这些信息不存在。
02:41
On the contrary, those in need are often
bombarded with so much information
bombarded with so much information
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反之，这些需要帮助的人
在无数信息的轰炸面前
在无数信息的轰炸面前
02:45
that it's difficult
to make sense of it all.
to make sense of it all.
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根本很难理解这一切。
02:48
"Don't give me more information,
just tell me what to do,"
just tell me what to do,"
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“别再给我信息了，
告诉我我该做什么，”
告诉我我该做什么，”
02:52
was a sentiment we heard
over and over again.
over and over again.
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是我们听到的一次又一次的抱怨。
02:55
And it reflects how insanely difficult
it could be to get your bearings
it could be to get your bearings
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这反映出当你来到一个新国家时，
02:59
when you first arrive in a new country.
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要搞清楚方向是多么难。
03:02
Hell, I struggled with the same issues
when I got to Montreal,
when I got to Montreal,
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真的，我刚来蒙特利尔时
也面临一样的困难，
也面临一样的困难，
03:06
and I have a PhD.
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我还是博士呢。
03:08
(Laughter)
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（笑）
03:10
As another member of our team,
himself also a refugee, put it:
himself also a refugee, put it:
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我们团队的另一位成员，
他自己就是难民，他说：
他自己就是难民，他说：
03:14
"In Canada, a SIM card
is more important than food,
is more important than food,
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“在加拿大，一张SIM卡
远比食物重要，
远比食物重要，
03:17
because we will not die from hunger."
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因为我们不会因饥饿而死。”
03:20
But getting access to the right
resources and information
resources and information
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但是获得正确的资源和信息
03:23
can be the difference
between life and death.
between life and death.
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可以是生存和死亡的区别。
03:27
Let me say that again:
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让我再重复一遍：
03:28
getting access to the right
resources and information
resources and information
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获得正确的资源和信息
03:32
can be the difference
between life and death.
between life and death.
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可以是生存和地死亡的区别。
03:37
In order to address these issues,
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为了解决这些问题，
03:38
we built Atar,
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我们创造了Atar，
03:40
the first-ever AI-powered virtual advocate
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第一个基于人工智能的虚拟引导者
03:43
that guides you step-by-step
through your first week
through your first week
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可以带你一步一步度过
03:46
of arriving in a new city.
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在新城市的第一周。
03:47
Just tell Atar what you need help with.
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只要告诉Atar你需要帮助的地方。
03:50
Atar will then ask you
some basic questions
some basic questions
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Atar将会问你一些基础的问题
03:52
to understand your unique circumstances
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去理解你的个人情况
03:54
and determine your eligibility
for resources.
for resources.
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来确定你的可用资源。
03:57
For example: Do you have
a place to stay tonight?
a place to stay tonight?
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举个例子：
你今晚有没有地方过夜？
你今晚有没有地方过夜？
04:01
If not, would you prefer
an all-women's shelter?
an all-women's shelter?
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如果没有，
你会青睐全女性的避难所吗？
你会青睐全女性的避难所吗？
04:05
Do you have children?
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你有孩子吗？
04:07
Atar will then generate
a custom, step-by-step to-do list
a custom, step-by-step to-do list
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Atar将会生成自定义的
循序渐进的清单
循序渐进的清单
04:10
that tells you everything
that you need to know,
that you need to know,
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告诉你所有你需要知道的事情，
04:12
from where to go, how to get there,
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从去哪里，到怎么去，
04:15
what to bring with you
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要带上什么东西，
04:16
and what to expect.
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然后那里会有什么。
04:18
You can ask a question at any time,
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你可以在任何时间提出问题，
04:21
and if Atar doesn't have an answer,
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如果Atar不知道你想要的答案，
04:23
you'll be connected
with a real person who does.
with a real person who does.
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你会与一位知道答案的
真人取得联系。
真人取得联系。
04:26
But what's most exciting
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但最令人激动的是
04:29
is that we help humanitarian
and service organizations
and service organizations
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我们帮助人道主义和服务组织
收集和分析数据，实时理解新移民
04:32
collect the data and the analytics
that's necessary to understand
that's necessary to understand
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04:36
the changing needs of newcomers
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不断变化的需求
04:37
in real time.
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非常有必要。
04:39
That's a game changer.
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这将改变一切。
04:42
We've already partnered with the UNHCR
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我们已经与联合国难民署合作
04:44
to provide this technology in Canada,
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为加拿大提供这项服务，
04:46
and in our work have conducted
campaigns in Arabic, English,
campaigns in Arabic, English,
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我们工作活动用阿拉伯语，英语，
04:50
French, Creole and Spanish.
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法语，克里奥尔语和西班牙语进行。
04:54
When we talk about the issue of refugees,
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当我们谈论难民事件时，
04:57
we often focus on the official statistic
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我们通常专注于官方统计，
04:59
of 65.8 million forcibly
displaced worldwide.
displaced worldwide.
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有6580万的人被迫流离失所。
05:03
But the reality is much greater than that.
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但事实比那还多。
05:07
By 2050, there will be
an additional 140 million people
an additional 140 million people
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到2050年，会有额外1.4亿人
05:12
who are at risk of being displaced
due to environmental degradation.
due to environmental degradation.
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因为环境恶化而处于流离失所的风险。
05:16
And today -- that is today --
there are nearly one billion people
there are nearly one billion people
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今天，是的今天，
有将近十亿的人
有将近十亿的人
05:21
who already live in illegal
settlements and slums.
settlements and slums.
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已生活在非法定居点和贫民窟。
05:25
Resettlement and integration
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安置和融合
05:27
is one of the greatest
challenges of our time.
challenges of our time.
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是我们这时的最大挑战，
05:30
and our hope is that Atar can provide
every single newcomer an advocate.
every single newcomer an advocate.
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我们的愿望是
Atar可以给每一个新移民支持，
Atar可以给每一个新移民支持，
05:36
Our hope is that Atar
can amplify existing efforts
can amplify existing efforts
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我们希望Atar可以放大
已经付出的努力，
已经付出的努力，
05:40
and alleviate pressure
on a social safety net
on a social safety net
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并在社会安全网上
05:43
that's already stretched
beyond imagination.
beyond imagination.
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减轻已经超出想象的压力。
05:47
But what's most important to us
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但对我们来说，最重要的是
05:49
is that our work helps restore
the rights and the dignity
the rights and the dignity
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我们的工作可以帮助恢复
05:54
that refugees lose throughout
resettlement and integration
resettlement and integration
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那些难民们因安置新居
而丢掉的权利和尊严，
而丢掉的权利和尊严，
05:57
by giving them the resources that
they need in order to help themselves.
they need in order to help themselves.
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方法是提供给他们
可以自助的资源。
可以自助的资源。
06:02
Thank you.
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谢谢。
06:03
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Muhammed Idris - Entrepreneur, investorMuhammed Idris wants to improve social services delivery through collective and artificial intelligence.
Why you should listen
Dr. Muhammed Y. Idris, PhD is a Fellow at Capria, a leading global impact investment firm, and the cofounder and lead developer of Edel Technologies, an organization that build AI-powered tools and products for frontline humanitarian organizations and service providers, including the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR).
Inspired by own personal experiences with refugee resettlement, Idris left academia to build the world's first virtual advocate bot, Atar, that empowers refugees and other newcomers with information about what to do, where to go and what to expect using customized step-by-step guides.
Trained as a computational social scientist, Idris started his career in finance at BlackRock and went on to complete a PhD with a focus on research and development of open-source tools for leveraging socially-generating "big data" and make it easy to digest this complex technical information into actionable insights.
Idris's work has been presented at numerous academic, policy and industry conferences, and he has held teaching and research positions at the University of Washington, The Pennsylvania State University, Concordia University in Montreal as well as Harvard University, where he held a predoctoral fellowship at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affair while completing his dissertation.
As a self-taught programmer, Idris enjoys teaching statistics and programming in his spare time. While his current focus in on helping streamline and scale refugee resettlement, his mission is to help improve social services delivery for all through collective and artificial intelligence as an entrepreneur and investor.
Muhammed Idris | Speaker | TED.com