TED2014
David Sengeh: The sore problem of prosthetic limbs
Dejvid Senge (David Sengeh): Bolan problem protetičkih udova
Filmed:
Readability: 5.3
826,892 views
Šta je nagnalo Davida Sengea da napravi komforniju protezu ekstremiteta? Odrastao je u Sijera Leoneu, a previše ljudi koje voli je ostalo bez ekstremiteta, posle brutalnog građanskog rata. Kada je primetio da ljudi koji imaju proteze njih ne nose, rešio je da otkrije zašto - i da taj problem reši sa svojim timom u MIT Media Lab-u.
David Sengeh - Biomechatronics engineer
Even the most advanced prosthetic isn't useful if it's hard to wear. This observation guides TED Fellow David Sengeh's work at the Biomechatronics group in the MIT Media Lab. Full bio
Even the most advanced prosthetic isn't useful if it's hard to wear. This observation guides TED Fellow David Sengeh's work at the Biomechatronics group in the MIT Media Lab. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I was born and raised in Sierra Leone,
0
920
4206
Rođen sam i odrastao
u Sijera Leoneu,
u Sijera Leoneu,
00:17
a small and very beautiful country
1
5126
2245
maloj i veoma lepoj zemlji
00:19
in West Africa,
2
7371
1705
u zapadnoj Africi,
00:21
a country rich both in physical resources
3
9076
2904
zemlji bogatoj kako prirodnim resursima
00:23
and creative talent.
4
11980
2332
tako i kreativnim talentima.
00:26
However, Sierra Leone is infamous
5
14312
1962
Ipak, Sijera Leone je ozloglašen
00:28
for a decade-long rebel war in the '90s
6
16274
2414
zbog decenijskog
pubunjeničkog rata '90-ih
pubunjeničkog rata '90-ih
00:30
when entire villages were burnt down.
7
18688
3090
kada su cela sela spaljena.
00:33
An estimated 8,000 men, women and children
8
21778
4212
Približno kod 8000
muškaraca, žena i dece
muškaraca, žena i dece
00:37
had their arms and legs amputated during this time.
9
25990
4266
je izvršena amputacija ruku
i nogu tokom ovog perioda.
i nogu tokom ovog perioda.
00:42
As my family and I ran for safety
10
30256
2984
Dok smo moja porodica i ja
bežali ka bezbednosti,
bežali ka bezbednosti,
00:45
when I was about 12 from one of those attacks,
11
33240
2692
kada sam imao 12 godina,
od jednog od tih napada,
od jednog od tih napada,
00:47
I resolved that I would do everything I could
12
35932
3432
odlučio sam da ću učiniti
sve što je u mojoj moći
sve što je u mojoj moći
00:51
to ensure that my own children
13
39364
2280
da osiguram da moja deca
00:53
would not go through the
same experiences we had.
same experiences we had.
14
41644
3386
ne prođu kroz isto iskustvo
koje smo mi imali.
koje smo mi imali.
00:57
They would, in fact, be part of a Sierra Leone
15
45030
2614
Oni će biti, u stvari,
deo Sijera Leonea
deo Sijera Leonea
00:59
where war and amputation
16
47644
2488
kada rat i amputacije
01:02
were no longer a strategy for gaining power.
17
50132
4706
ne budu više strategija
za dobijanje moći.
za dobijanje moći.
01:06
As I watched people who I knew, loved ones,
18
54838
3733
Dok sam gledao osobe
koje poznajem, voljene,
koje poznajem, voljene,
01:10
recover from this devastation,
19
58571
1891
kako se oporavljaju od razaranja,
01:12
one thing that deeply troubled me
20
60462
2664
jedna stvar koja me je duboko mučila
01:15
was that many of the amputees in the country
21
63126
2504
je to što većina osoba
sa amputacijom u zemlji
sa amputacijom u zemlji
01:17
would not use their prostheses.
22
65630
2056
ne želi da nosi proteze.
01:19
The reason, I would come to find out,
23
67686
1956
Razlog, koji sam kasnije saznao,
01:21
was that their prosthetic sockets
24
69642
2335
je taj što je njihovo ležište proteze
01:23
were painful because they did not fit well.
25
71977
5460
bilo bolno jer se nije dobro uklapala.
01:29
The prosthetic socket is the part
26
77437
2186
Ležište proteze je deo
01:31
in which the amputee inserts their residual limb,
27
79623
3396
u koji osoba s amputiranim udom
uvlači patrljak,
uvlači patrljak,
01:35
and which connects to the prosthetic ankle.
28
83019
2280
i koji se povezuje
sa zglobom proteze.
sa zglobom proteze.
01:37
Even in the developed world,
29
85299
1738
Čak i u razvijenom svetu,
01:39
it takes a period of three weeks to often years
30
87037
3492
potreban je period
od tri nedelje do čak par godina
od tri nedelje do čak par godina
01:42
for a patient to get a comfortable socket, if ever.
31
90529
4262
da pacijent dobije udobno ležište,
ako ga ikad i dobije.
ako ga ikad i dobije.
01:46
Prosthetists still use conventional processes
32
94791
2882
Prostetičari i dalje koriste
konvencionalne metode
konvencionalne metode
01:49
like molding and casting
33
97673
2356
kao što je kalupljenje i livenje
01:52
to create single-material prosthetic sockets.
34
100029
3718
kako bi napravili ležišta za proteze
od jednog materijala.
od jednog materijala.
01:55
Such sockets often leave intolerable amounts
35
103747
2788
Takva ležišta često vrše
nepodnošljivu količinu
nepodnošljivu količinu
01:58
of pressure on the limbs of the patient,
36
106535
2828
pritiska na udove pacijenta,
02:01
leaving them with pressure sores and blisters.
37
109363
4300
ostavljajući ih sa ranama
i plikovima usled pritiska.
i plikovima usled pritiska.
02:05
It does not matter
38
113663
2112
Uopšte nije važno
02:07
how powerful your prosthetic ankle is.
39
115775
3222
koliko je jak vaš zglob proteze.
02:10
If your prosthetic socket is uncomfortable,
40
118997
2696
Ako je ležište vaše proteze neudobno,
02:13
you will not use your leg,
41
121693
1572
vi nećete koristiti vašu nogu,
02:15
and that is just simply unacceptable in our age.
42
123265
3880
i to je jednostavno neprihvatljivo
u našem dobu.
u našem dobu.
02:19
So one day, when I met professor Hugh Herr
43
127145
2420
I tako jednog dana,
kada sam sreo profesora Hju Hera
kada sam sreo profesora Hju Hera
02:21
about two and a half years ago,
44
129565
1525
pre dve ipo godine,
02:23
and he asked me if I knew
how to solve this problem,
how to solve this problem,
45
131090
2487
on me je upitao da li znam
kako da rešim ovaj problem,
kako da rešim ovaj problem,
02:25
I said, "No, not yet,
46
133577
2100
ja sam rekao: „Ne, ne još uvek,
02:27
but I would love to figure it out."
47
135677
2610
ali bih voleo to da rešim.“
02:30
And so, for my Ph.D. at the MIT Media Lab,
48
138287
3290
I tako sam za svoj doktorat
na MIT Media laboratoriji,
na MIT Media laboratoriji,
02:33
I designed custom prosthetic sockets
49
141577
2893
dizajnirao prilagođena ležišta proteze
02:36
quickly and cheaply
50
144470
2907
brzo i jeftino -
02:39
that are more comfortable
51
147377
1855
a ona su mnogo udobnija
02:41
than conventional prostheses.
52
149232
2997
nego uobičajene proteze.
02:44
I used magnetic resonance imaging
53
152229
2242
Koristio sam magnetnu rezonancu
02:46
to capture the actual shape of the patient's anatomy,
54
154471
3889
kako bih snimio stvarni
oblik anatomije pacijenta,
oblik anatomije pacijenta,
02:50
then use finite element modeling to better predict
55
158360
3104
onda je korišćeno modelovanje konačnih
elemenata kako bi bolje predvideli
elemenata kako bi bolje predvideli
02:53
the internal stresses and strains
56
161464
1943
unutrašnje napone i naprezanja
02:55
on the normal forces,
57
163407
1998
pri normalnim silama,
02:57
and then create a prosthetic socket for manufacture.
58
165405
4613
i onda je napravljeno
ležište proteze za proizvođača.
ležište proteze za proizvođača.
03:02
We use a 3D printer to create
59
170018
3414
Koristili smo 3D štampač da napravimo
03:05
a multi-material prosthetic socket
60
173432
3816
više-materijalno ležište proteze
03:09
which relieves pressure where needed
61
177248
2466
koje ublažava pritisak
tamo gde je to potrebno
tamo gde je to potrebno
03:11
on the anatomy of the patient.
62
179714
3532
na anatomiji pacijenta.
03:15
In short, we're using data
63
183246
2931
Ukratko, koristimo podatke
03:18
to make novel sockets quickly and cheaply.
64
186177
3799
da napravimo nova
ležišta brzo i jeftino.
ležišta brzo i jeftino.
03:21
In a recent trial we just wrapped up
65
189976
1796
U skorašnjem ispitivanju
koje smo upravo završili
koje smo upravo završili
03:23
at the Media Lab,
66
191772
1762
u Media Lab-u,
03:25
one of our patients, a U.S. veteran
67
193534
2510
jedan od naših pacijenata,
američki veteran
američki veteran
03:28
who has been an amputee for about 20 years
68
196044
2926
koji već 20 godina
živi bez amputiranog uda
živi bez amputiranog uda
03:30
and worn dozens of legs,
69
198970
3082
i koji je nosio desetine nogu,
03:34
said of one of our printed parts,
70
202052
4088
rekao je za jedan od naših
odštampanih delova:
odštampanih delova:
03:38
"It's so soft, it's like walking on pillows,
71
206140
3404
„Tako je mek, osećaj je kao da hodaš
po jastucima,
po jastucima,
03:41
and it's effing sexy."
72
209544
2936
a i vrlo je seksi.“
(Smeh)
03:44
(Laughter)
73
212480
3718
03:48
Disability in our age
74
216198
3276
Invaliditet u našem dobu
03:51
should not prevent anyone
75
219474
1633
ne bi trebalo nikog
03:53
from living meaningful lives.
76
221107
2863
da spreči da živi smislen život.
03:55
My hope and desire is that the tools and processes
77
223970
3343
Moja nada i želja je da alati i procesi
03:59
we develop in our research group
78
227313
1998
koje razvijamo u našoj razvojnoj grupi
04:01
can be used to bring highly functional prostheses
79
229311
2938
mogu biti upotrebljeni
kako bi visoko funkcionalne proteze
kako bi visoko funkcionalne proteze
04:04
to those who need them.
80
232249
2291
došle do onih kojima su neophodne.
04:06
For me, a place to begin healing the souls
81
234540
5451
Za mene, mesto za početak
lečenja duša
lečenja duša
04:11
of those affected by war and disease
82
239991
3889
onih koji su zahvaćeni
ratom i bolešću,
ratom i bolešću,
04:15
is by creating comfortable and affordable interfaces
83
243880
3749
je pravljenje udobnih
i pristupačnih interfejsa
i pristupačnih interfejsa
04:19
for their bodies.
84
247629
1956
za njihova tela.
04:21
Whether it's in Sierra Leone or in Boston,
85
249585
3228
Bilo to u Sijera Leoneu ili u Bostonu,
04:24
I hope this not only restores
86
252813
3606
nadam se da ovo ne samo da obnavlja
04:28
but indeed transforms their
sense of human potential.
sense of human potential.
87
256419
3261
već zaista transformiše njihov
osećaj za ljudski potencijal.
osećaj za ljudski potencijal.
04:31
Thank you very much.
88
259680
2911
Hvala vam mnogo.
(Aplauz)
04:34
(Applause)
89
262591
3949
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Sengeh - Biomechatronics engineerEven the most advanced prosthetic isn't useful if it's hard to wear. This observation guides TED Fellow David Sengeh's work at the Biomechatronics group in the MIT Media Lab.
Why you should listen
David Sengeh was born and raised in Sierra Leone, where more than 8,000 men, women and children had limbs amputated during a brutal civil war. He noticed that many people there opted not to wear a prosthesis because proper fit is such an issue.
Sengeh has pioneered a new system for creating prosthetic sockets, which fit a prothesis onto a patient's residual limb. Using MRI to map the shape, computer-assisted design to predict internal strains and 3D printing to allow for different materials to be used in different places, Sengeh is creating sockets that are far more comfortable than traditional models. These sockets can be produced cheaply and quickly, making them far more likely to help amputees across the globe.
Sengeh was named one of Forbes' 30 under 30 in Technology in 2014, and in April 2014, Sengeh won the $15,000 "Cure it!" Lemelson-MIT National Collegiate Student Prize.
David Sengeh | Speaker | TED.com