TED Residency
Glenn Cantave: How augmented reality is changing activism
葛倫 · 肯泰夫: 如何用擴增實境來改變行動主義
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葛倫 · 肯泰夫用科技來突顯出被壓迫者的故事。他帶大家走上一段身歷其境的視覺計畫之旅，分享他和紐約市 Movers and Shakers 團隊的成果。Movers and Shakers 是一個聯盟，旨在使用虛擬實境、擴增實境、藝術創作來為被邊緣化的族群採取直接行動和發起擁護他們的活動。
Glenn Cantave - Activist, performance artist, social entrepreneur
Glenn Cantave is an activist, performance artist and social entrepreneur who uses immersive technology to highlight the narratives of the oppressed. Full bio
Glenn Cantave is an activist, performance artist and social entrepreneur who uses immersive technology to highlight the narratives of the oppressed. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
My name is Glenn,
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我是葛倫，
00:14
I'm 25,
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今年二十五歲，
00:16
and I don't know my real last name.
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我不知道我真正的姓氏。
00:19
It's not uncommon in America.
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這種狀況在美國並非不常見。
00:21
Most black people in this country
are walking around
are walking around
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在這個國家，大部分的黑人
用的都是奴隸主的姓氏。
00:24
with a slave owner's last name.
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00:27
Black history has been systemically erased
and altered for centuries.
and altered for centuries.
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數世紀來，黑人歷史已經
被系統性地抹除和改變。
被系統性地抹除和改變。
00:32
As I give this talk,
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我在這裡演講時，
00:34
there are more than 700 Confederate
monuments standing nationwide.
monuments standing nationwide.
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全國有超過七百座
南方聯盟的紀念碑。
南方聯盟的紀念碑。
00:38
These were erected
to honor Confederate soldiers
to honor Confederate soldiers
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立碑的目的是對
南方聯盟的士兵表示敬意，
南方聯盟的士兵表示敬意，
00:41
who fought to maintain slavery --
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他們為了維護奴隸制度而戰——
大部分都是在南方——
大部分都是在南方——
00:43
mostly in the South --
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00:44
from the 1890s to the 1950s,
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從 1890 年代到 1950 年代，
00:47
when Jim Crow laws enforcing
racial segregation were in full effect.
racial segregation were in full effect.
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那段時間，吉姆 · 克勞法
極端強制種族隔離。
極端強制種族隔離。
00:52
To this day, black people are forced
to confront monuments of slaveholders
to confront monuments of slaveholders
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至今，黑人仍被迫要在公共空間中
正視奴隸主的紀念碑。
00:57
in our public spaces.
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00:59
These memorials are a physical
representation of a system
representation of a system
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這些紀念碑是體制的具體代表，
01:02
that is actively working
to define whose lives matter
to define whose lives matter
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這個體制主動去定義誰的命重要、
01:06
and whose lives do not.
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誰的命不重要。
01:08
If we are going to disrupt the narrative,
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如果我們要中止這種故事，
01:10
we have to start at the origin.
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我們就得從源頭下手。
01:13
Genocide, slavery and patriarchy
started in the Americas
started in the Americas
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種族大屠殺、奴隸制度、父權制
都是在哥倫布時代出現在美國。
01:18
with Christopher Columbus.
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01:20
Most people in the United States
know about his voyage of 1492.
know about his voyage of 1492.
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在美國，大部分人都知道
他 1492 年的航行。
他 1492 年的航行。
01:25
Fewer people know that an estimated
250,000 indigenous Arawaks were wiped out
250,000 indigenous Arawaks were wiped out
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很少人知道，
在他到達後的兩年內，
估計有二十五萬原住民
阿拉瓦克人被除掉。
阿拉瓦克人被除掉。
01:31
within two years of his arrival.
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01:34
Even fewer people know
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更少人知道，
01:35
that Columbus admitted in a letter
written to Doña Juana de la Torre
written to Doña Juana de la Torre
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哥倫布在寫給 Doña Juana
de la Torre 的信上承認
de la Torre 的信上承認
01:40
that "nine and 10-year-old girls
were in high demand,
were in high demand,
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「非常需要九、十歲的女孩，
01:43
and for girls of all ages
a good price must be paid."
a good price must be paid."
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且願意用很好的價格
購買各種年齡的女孩。」
購買各種年齡的女孩。」
01:47
Yet New York City's Columbus Circle
has had him perched 76 feet high
has had him perched 76 feet high
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但，紐約市的哥倫布圓環
有一座七十六英呎的哥倫布雕像，
有一座七十六英呎的哥倫布雕像，
01:52
next to Central Park since 1892.
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從 1982 年起就
一直在中央公園旁。
一直在中央公園旁。
01:55
I started Movers and Shakers,
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我創立了 Movers and Shakers，
01:58
a nonprofit,
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它是一個非營利組織，
目的是要移除這座雕像。
目的是要移除這座雕像。
01:59
to get the statue removed.
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02:01
Movers and Shakers
is a group of activists, artists,
is a group of activists, artists,
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Movers and Shakers 的團隊
成員包括活動家、藝術家、
成員包括活動家、藝術家、
02:05
educators and engineers
focused on using immersive technology
focused on using immersive technology
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教育家，和工程師，
重點在使用身歷其境的技術
重點在使用身歷其境的技術
02:10
to highlight the narratives
of the oppressed.
of the oppressed.
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將被壓迫者的故事給突顯出來。
02:12
In our campaign to knock
Columbus off his pedestal,
Columbus off his pedestal,
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在我們打算將哥倫布
打下雕像墊座的活動中，
打下雕像墊座的活動中，
02:15
we engaged in a visually
provocative form of activism.
provocative form of activism.
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我們採用了一種在視覺上
很有煽動性的行動主義形式。
很有煽動性的行動主義形式。
02:20
We created an augmented
reality installation
reality installation
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我們創造了一個
擴增實境現實裝置，
擴增實境現實裝置，
02:22
on the true story of Christopher Columbus
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主題是哥倫布的真實故事，
02:25
and used it to host teach-ins
in Columbus Circle and Times Square.
in Columbus Circle and Times Square.
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用它來主持在哥倫布圓環
和時代廣場的教學。
和時代廣場的教學。
02:30
Many see the controversy around the statue
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許多人把雕像的爭議視為
02:33
as tension between
the Italian-American community
the Italian-American community
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義大利裔美國人族群
和原住民族群之間的緊張局勢。
02:36
and the indigenous community.
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02:38
The reality is that most black people
are here in this country
are here in this country
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現實是，現在之所以
有許多黑人在這個國家裡，
有許多黑人在這個國家裡，
02:43
as a result of the atrocities
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就是哥倫布帶起的殘暴行為
02:45
that were kicked off
by Christopher Columbus.
by Christopher Columbus.
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所造成的結果。
02:48
So we ended up holding
a slave auction in Union Square
a slave auction in Union Square
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最後，我們在聯合廣場
舉辦奴隸拍賣，
舉辦奴隸拍賣，
02:53
to tie into the genesis
of the transatlantic slave trade.
of the transatlantic slave trade.
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促成了橫越大西洋
做奴隸買賣的起源。
做奴隸買賣的起源。
02:57
I ran the New York City Marathon in chains
to spread awareness to this issue.
to spread awareness to this issue.
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我戴著鐵鏈去跑紐約市馬拉松，
希望喚起對這個議題的意識。
希望喚起對這個議題的意識。
03:03
I was also arrested in Giants Stadium
for hosting a slave reenactment
for hosting a slave reenactment
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我也在巨人球場被逮捕，
因為我在巨人足球隊的
主場首開賽中重演奴隸。
主場首開賽中重演奴隸。
03:07
at their football team's home opener.
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03:11
We gave it everything that we had,
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我們盡了全力，
03:15
but in the end,
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但最終紐約市決定要保留雕像，
03:16
New York City decided to keep the statue,
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03:19
and New York State unanimously voted
to make it a landmark.
to make it a landmark.
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紐約州全體一致投票通過，
讓它成為地標。
讓它成為地標。
03:23
The news was devastating,
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這消息讓人好無力，
03:25
but it opened up another door.
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但它也開啟了另一扇門。
03:27
We realized that with augmented reality
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我們了解到，若採用擴增實境，
03:30
you don't need permission
from the government
from the government
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不需要政府的許可，
03:32
to put up a monument
or to make a statement.
or to make a statement.
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就能夠立起紀念碑或是發表聲明。
03:36
You can just do it.
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你可以直接就去動手做。
03:37
So New York City right now
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目前紐約市
03:39
currently has more than 150 statues
of men and six of women
of men and six of women
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有超過一百五十座男性雕像
和六座女性雕像，
和六座女性雕像，
03:43
and currently acknowledges slaveholders
in public spaces as well.
in public spaces as well.
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且目前也在公共空間中
肯定奴隸主。
肯定奴隸主。
03:47
So we decided, why not just put up
a bunch of AR monuments
a bunch of AR monuments
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所以，我們決定，
為何不在全市各地設立
為何不在全市各地設立
一堆女性和有色人種的
擴增實境紀念碑？
擴增實境紀念碑？
03:50
of women and people of color
throughout the city?
throughout the city?
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03:53
Typically, monuments are created
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通常，建造紀念碑的目的
03:55
to commemorate the achievements
of the deceased,
of the deceased,
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是要紀念死者的成就，
03:58
but with augmented reality,
we can reroute the rules.
we can reroute the rules.
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但有了擴增實境，
我們可以改寫規則。
我們可以改寫規則。
04:02
We started with sports.
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我們先從運動著手。
04:04
Colin Kaepernick.
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科林 · 卡佩尼克。
04:06
He was the starting quarterback
of the San Francisco 49ers,
of the San Francisco 49ers,
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他曾在舊金山四九人隊
擔任先發四分衛，
擔任先發四分衛，
04:09
and he wanted to use his platform
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他想要用他的平台
04:11
to highlight the injustice
of systemic racism.
of systemic racism.
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來突顯出體制中的種族主義
有多麼不公正。
有多麼不公正。
04:14
So he consulted a Green Beret
on the most respectful way to do this,
on the most respectful way to do this,
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所以他請教美國陸軍特種部隊，
最尊重的做法是什麼，
最尊重的做法是什麼，
04:18
and he decided to take a knee
during the national anthem.
during the national anthem.
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他決定在唱國歌的時候單膝跪地。
04:21
He lost his contract with the 49ers,
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他丟了和四九人隊的合約，
04:23
he was blackballed by every NFL owner,
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他被所有 NFL 球隊老闆排斥，
04:26
he was criticized by millions
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他被數百萬人批評，
04:28
and even the president
of the United States
of the United States
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就連美國總統
04:30
decided to insult him.
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都決定要侮辱他。
04:32
It may be decades before Colin Kaepernick
is adequately respected for his courage,
is adequately respected for his courage,
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或許科林 · 卡佩尼克的勇氣在
數十年之後才會得到應有的敬重，
數十年之後才會得到應有的敬重，
04:39
so our team decided to do this.
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所以我們的團隊決定從他開始。
04:42
Now anyone that walks by Trump Tower
can see Colin Kaepernick take a knee
can see Colin Kaepernick take a knee
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現在只要走過川普大廈，
就可以看到擴增實境的
科林卡佩尼克單膝跪地，
科林卡佩尼克單膝跪地，
04:47
in augmented reality,
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04:49
and there's nothing they can do about it.
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且他們完全沒輒。
04:51
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
04:53
Representation matters.
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代表性很重要。
04:55
Serena Williams proved to the world
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小威廉絲向世界證明
04:58
that a black girl from Compton
can dominate a sport
can dominate a sport
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來自康普頓的黑人女孩也能稱霸
05:01
that's traditionally played
at exclusive country clubs.
at exclusive country clubs.
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傳統上只有在專門的
鄉村俱樂部中才有的運動。
鄉村俱樂部中才有的運動。
05:04
Let's celebrate her now.
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咱們來讚頌她吧。
05:07
Jackie Robinson.
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傑基 · 羅賓森。
05:08
He broke the color barrier
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他打破了膚色的障礙，
05:11
and empowered many black athletes
to play in Major League Baseball.
to play in Major League Baseball.
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讓許多黑人運動員
能在職棒大聯盟打球。
能在職棒大聯盟打球。
05:15
We're going to take this monument of him
and put it in Ebbets Field
and put it in Ebbets Field
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我們要把他的紀念碑
放在艾比斯球場，
放在艾比斯球場，
大家都能在布魯克林的
艾比斯球場看到他用力揮棒。
艾比斯球場看到他用力揮棒。
05:18
so that anyone can see him
swing for the fences
swing for the fences
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05:21
in Ebbets Field in Brooklyn.
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05:23
With augmented reality,
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有了擴增實境，
05:25
we have the power to tell stories
in public spaces that need to be told.
in public spaces that need to be told.
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我們就能夠在公共空間
訴說必須要說出來的故事。
訴說必須要說出來的故事。
05:30
The achievements of people
like Frida Kahlo, Audre Lorde,
like Frida Kahlo, Audre Lorde,
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一些人的成就，例如
芙烈達 · 卡蘿、艾德烈 · 洛爾德、
芙烈達 · 卡蘿、艾德烈 · 洛爾德、
05:34
Toussaint Louverture,
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杜桑 · 盧維杜爾、
05:36
Madam C.J. Walker --
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沃克夫人——
05:38
this should be common knowledge.
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這些應該是常識。
05:41
Our vision is a "Pokémon Go"
for a contextualized history.
for a contextualized history.
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我們的遠景，為情境化的歷史
做出「精靈寶可夢 GO」。
做出「精靈寶可夢 GO」。
05:46
Augmented reality can also be used
as a tool to support organizations
as a tool to support organizations
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擴增實境也可以用來當作工具，
去支持那些對抗體制壓迫的組織。
05:50
that are fighting
against systemic oppression.
against systemic oppression.
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05:54
In 2019 we will release
our free smartphone app
our free smartphone app
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2019 年，我們會推出
免費智慧手機應用程式，
免費智慧手機應用程式，
05:56
with augmented reality
monuments and content.
monuments and content.
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裡面有擴增實境紀念碑和內容。
05:59
You can take your smartphone
and hold it over any one-dollar bill
and hold it over any one-dollar bill
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你可以拿著智慧手機，
放在任何一元鈔票上，
放在任何一元鈔票上，
06:02
and see a scene in augmented reality
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就能看到擴增實境的場景，
06:04
that illustrates
the injustice of cash bail.
the injustice of cash bail.
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說明現金保釋的不公平。
06:08
You can then click on the screen
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接著，你可以按下螢幕，
06:09
and be directed to the donation page
of The Bail Project,
of The Bail Project,
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連結到保釋計畫的捐獻網頁，
06:13
a fund that raises money for people
who cannot afford bail.
who cannot afford bail.
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這個計畫是在為無法
負擔保釋金的人募資。
負擔保釋金的人募資。
06:17
With augmented reality,
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有了擴增實境，
06:19
we the people have the power
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我們人民就能有權力
06:22
to highlight the narratives
of the oppressed
of the oppressed
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在制度拒絕突顯被壓迫者的故事時，
06:24
when institutions refuse to do so.
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我們就能自己來。
06:27
We can use this tool
to highlight the systemic implications
to highlight the systemic implications
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我們能用這種工具來突顯出體制
06:31
of erasing someone's history.
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如何抹滅某些人的歷史。
06:34
And more concretely,
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更具體來說，
06:35
we can use this technology
as a way to support initiatives
as a way to support initiatives
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我們能用這項技術來支持其他方案
06:39
that are fighting against systemic racism.
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對抗體制中的種族主義。
06:42
With AR, we have the power
to reimagine a world
to reimagine a world
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有了擴增實境，我們就能夠
重新呈現出一個世界，
重新呈現出一個世界，
06:47
that prioritizes justice over oppression.
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把正義放在壓迫之上。
06:50
Thank you.
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謝謝。
06:52
(Applause and cheers)
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（掌聲及歡呼）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Glenn Cantave - Activist, performance artist, social entrepreneurGlenn Cantave is an activist, performance artist and social entrepreneur who uses immersive technology to highlight the narratives of the oppressed.
Why you should listen
Through his non-profit Movers & Shakers NYC, Glenn Cantave organized a pop-up slave auction performance piece/AR exhibit, ran the NYC Marathon in chains and is creating AR educational content focused on highlighting the narratives of marginalized communities. He is also the creator, executive producer of We the People, a 360-documentary focused on activism in the age of Trump. His team has documented the actions of several New York based activist groups and captured footage from events such as the Trump Inauguration, Charlottesville Riots and a White Lives Matter Rally in Tennessee.
Cantave is a TED Resident, and he spoke about his work at TEDxGhent in 2018.
Glenn Cantave | Speaker | TED.com