TEDGlobal 2009
William Kamkwamba: How I harnessed the wind
William Kamkwamba: Ako som spútal vietor
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Vo veku 14 rokov, v chudobe a hlade, malavajský chlapec postavil veterný mlyn, ktorý zásoboval elektrinou dom jeho rodiny. Teraz sa 22-ročný William Kamkwamba, ktorý je na konferencii TED po druhýkrát, podelí s dojemným príbehom vynálezu, ktorý zmenil jeho život.
William Kamkwamba - Inventor
To power his family's home, young William Kamkwamba built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap -- starting him on a journey detailed in the book and film "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind." Full bio
To power his family's home, young William Kamkwamba built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap -- starting him on a journey detailed in the book and film "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Thank you.
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Ďakujem.
00:15
Two years ago, I stood on the TED stage in Arusha, Tanzania.
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Pred dvoma rokmi som stál na javisku TED v Arushi, v Tanzánii.
00:19
I spoke very briefly about one of my proudest creations.
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Veľmi stručne som povedal o jednom z mojich výtvorov, na ktorý som veľmi pyšný.
00:24
It was a simple machine that changed my life.
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Bol to jednoduchý stroj, ktorý zmenil môj život.
00:28
Before that time,
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Predtým
00:30
I had never been away from my home
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som nikdy nebol preč z domu
00:33
in Malawi.
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v Malawi.
00:36
I had never used a computer.
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Nikdy som nepoužil počítač.
00:38
I had never seen an Internet.
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Nikdy som nevidel Internet.
00:42
On the stage that day, I was so nervous.
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Na javisku ten deň, bol som taký nervózny.
00:47
My English lost,
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Moja angličtina stratená,
00:51
I wanted to vomit.
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chcelo sa mi vracať.
00:53
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
00:57
I had never been surrounded by so many azungu,
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Nikdy som nebol obklopený tak veľa azungu,
01:01
white people.
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bielymi ľudmi.
01:03
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
01:06
There was a story I wouldn't tell you then.
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Bol tu príbeh, ktorý by som vám vtedy nepovedal.
01:09
But well, I'm feeling good right now.
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Ale teraz sa cítim dobre.
01:12
I would like to share that story today.
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Chcel by som sa o ten príbeh podeliť dnes.
01:15
We have seven children in my family.
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V mojej rodine je nás sedem detí.
01:17
All sisters, excepting me.
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Všetky sestry, okrem mňa.
01:21
This is me with my dad when I was a little boy.
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Toto som ja s mojim otcom, keď som bol ešte malý chlapec.
01:26
Before I discovered the wonders of science,
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Predtým, ako som objavil zázraky vedy,
01:29
I was just a simple farmer
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som bol len jednoduchým farmárom
01:31
in a country of poor farmers.
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v krajine chudobných farmárov.
01:34
Like everyone else, we grew maize.
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Ako všetci ostatní, pestovali sme kukuricu.
01:38
One year our fortune turned very bad.
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Jeden rok sa nám štastie otočilo chrbtom.
01:43
In 2001 we experienced an awful famine.
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V roku 2001 sme zažili hrozný hlad.
01:48
Within five months all Malawians began to starve to death.
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Počas piatich mesiacov všetky Malawčania začali umierať od hladu.
01:55
My family ate one meal per day, at night.
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Moja rodina jedla jedno jedlo denne, v noci.
01:59
Only three swallows of nsima for each one of us.
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Iba tri hlty nsima pre každého z nás.
02:03
The food passes through our bodies.
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Jedlo prešlo našimi telami.
02:05
We drop down to nothing.
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A nič z nás nevychádzalo von.
02:09
In Malawi, the secondary school,
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V Malawi, na strednej škole
02:12
you have to pay school fees.
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musíte platiť školné.
02:14
Because of the hunger, I was forced to drop out of school.
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Kvôli hladu som bol nútený odísť zo školy.
02:20
I looked at my father
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Pozrel som sa na svojho otca,
02:22
and looked at those dry fields.
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a pozrel som na tie suché polia.
02:24
It was the future I couldn't accept.
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To bola budúcnosť, ktorú som nemohol prijať.
02:28
I felt very happy to be at the secondary school,
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Bol som šťastný, že som mohol chodiť na strednú školu.
02:32
so I was determined to do anything possible
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A tak som bol odhodlaný urobiť všetko, čo bolo v mojich silách,
02:37
to receive education.
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aby sa mi dostalo vzdelania.
02:39
So I went to a library.
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Tak som šiel do knižnice.
02:41
I read books, science books, especially physics.
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Čítal som knihy, vedecké knihy, hlavne fyziku.
02:45
I couldn't read English that well.
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Nevedel som čítať po anglicky tak dobre.
02:47
I used diagrams and pictures
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Používal som diagramy a obrázky,
02:50
to learn the words around them.
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aby som sa naučil slová okolo nich.
02:55
Another book put that knowledge in my hands.
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Ďalšia kniha vložila vedomosti do mojich rúk.
02:59
It said a windmill could pump water and generate electricity.
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Hovorilo sa v nej, že veterný mlyn pumpuje vodu a vyrába elektrinu.
03:05
Pump water meant irrigation,
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Pumpovanie vody znamenalo zavlažovanie.
03:08
a defense against hunger,
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Obranu proti hladu,
03:10
which we were experiencing by that time.
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ktorý sme vtedy zažívali.
03:14
So I decided I would build one windmill for myself.
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Tak som sa rozhodol, že postavím jeden veterný mlyn pre seba.
03:18
But I didn't have materials to use,
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Ale nemal som potrebný materiál, ktorý by som použil.
03:21
so I went to a scrap yard
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Tak som šiel na sklad šrotu,
03:23
where I found my materials.
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kde som našiel svoj materiál.
03:26
Many people, including my mother,
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Veľa ľudí, vrátane mojej matky,
03:30
said I was crazy.
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hovorilo, že som blázon.
03:32
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
03:34
I found a tractor fan,
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Našiel som ventilátor z traktora,
03:36
shock absorber, PVC pipes.
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tlmič otrasov, plastové rúrky.
03:38
Using a bicycle frame
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Použitím rámu z bicykla
03:41
and an old bicycle dynamo,
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a starého bicyklového dynama
03:45
I built my machine.
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som postavil svoj stroj.
03:47
It was one light at first.
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Na začiatku to bolo jedno svetlo.
03:50
And then four lights,
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A potom štyri žiarovky
03:53
with switches, and even a circuit breaker,
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so zapínačmi, a dokonca prerušovač vedenia
03:58
modeled after an electric bell.
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podľa predlohy z letáku o elektrine.
04:02
Another machine pumps water
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Ďalší stroj pumpoval vodu
04:06
for irrigation.
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na zavlažovanie.
04:09
Queues of people start lining up at my house
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Rady ľudí sa začali zbiehať pred mojím domom,
04:12
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
04:14
to charge their mobile phone.
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aby si nabili mobily.
04:16
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
04:20
I could not get rid of them.
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Nemohol som sa ich zbaviť.
04:22
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
04:24
And the reporters came too,
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A prišli aj reportéri,
04:27
which lead to bloggers
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čo viedlo k blogerom,
04:29
and which lead to a call from something called TED.
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čo viedlo k telefonátu od niečoho nazvaného TED.
04:34
I had never seen an airplane before.
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Nikdy predtým som nevidel lietadlo.
04:36
I had never slept in a hotel.
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Nikdy som nespal v hoteli.
04:39
So, on stage that day in Arusha,
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A tak, na javisku ten deň v Arushi,
04:43
my English lost,
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moja angličtina stratená,
04:46
I said something like,
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povedal som niečo ako,
04:49
"I tried. And I made it."
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"Pokúsil som sa. A dokázal som to."
04:53
So I would like to say something
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A tak by som chcel povedať niečo
04:55
to all the people out there like me
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všetkým ľuďom tam vonku, ľuďom ako ja,
04:58
to the Africans, and the poor
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Afričanom a chudobným,
05:01
who are struggling with your dreams.
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ktorí bojujú o svoje sny,
05:05
God bless.
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Boh Vám žehnaj.
05:07
Maybe one day you will watch this on the Internet.
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Možno si jedného dňa pozriete toto na Internete.
05:11
I say to you, trust yourself and believe.
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Hovorím vám, dôverujte si a verte.
05:16
Whatever happens, don't give up.
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Čokoľvek sa stane, nevzdávajte sa.
05:18
Thank you.
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Ďakujem.
05:20
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
William Kamkwamba - InventorTo power his family's home, young William Kamkwamba built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap -- starting him on a journey detailed in the book and film "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind."
Why you should listen
William Kamkwamba, from Malawi, is a born inventor. When he was 14, he built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap, working from rough plans he found in a library book called Using Energy and modifying them to fit his needs. The windmill he built powers four lights and two radios in his family home.
After reading about Kamkwamba on Mike McKay's blog Hactivate (which picked up the story from a local Malawi newspaper), TEDGlobal Conference Director Emeka Okafor spent several weeks tracking him down at his home in Masitala Village, Wimbe, and invited him to attend TEDGlobal on a fellowship. Onstage, Kamkwamba talked about his invention and shared his dreams: to build a larger windmill to help with irrigation for his entire village, and to go back to school.
Following Kamkwamba's moving talk, there was an outpouring of support for him and his promising work. Members of the TED community got together to help him improve his power system (by incorporating solar energy), and further his education through school and mentorships. Subsequent projects have included clean water, malaria prevention, solar power and lighting for the six homes in his family compound; a deep-water well with a solar-powered pump for clean water; and a drip irrigation system. Kamkwamba himself returned to school, and is now attending the African Leadership Academy, a new pan-African prep school outside Johannesburg, South Africa.
Kamkwamba's story is documented in his autobiography, The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind: Creating Currents of Electricity and Hope. A documentary about Kamkwamba, called William and the Windmill, won the Documentary Feature Grand Jury award at SXSW in 2013 (watch a trailer ). You can support his work and other young inventors at MovingWindmills.org.
William Kamkwamba | Speaker | TED.com