TED Talks Live
Eric Haseltine: What will be the next big scientific breakthrough?
Erik Hejzeltin (Eric Haseltine): Šta će biti sledeće veliko naučno otkriće?
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Kroz istoriju, špekulacija je podstakla divnu revolucionarnu nauku - otvaranje naših očiju ka potpuno novim svetovima. „Ne govorim o nauci koja se kreće sitnim koracima“, kaže Erik Hejzeltin. „Govorim o nauci koja se upušta u ogromne skokove.“ U ovom govoru, Hejzeltin nas sa strašću vodi do ivica intelektualne potrage pomoću dve ideje - jedne koja je već dospela u istoriju i druge koja zadire u jedno od najvećih pitanja ljudskog roda sa izuzetnom ambicijom (i zdravom dozom skepticizma kod mnogih).
Eric Haseltine - Author, futurist, innovator
Eric Haseltine applies discoveries about the brain to innovation and forecasting game-changing advances in science and technology. Full bio
Eric Haseltine applies discoveries about the brain to innovation and forecasting game-changing advances in science and technology. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Tonight, I'm going to share with you
my passion for science.
my passion for science.
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Večeras ću podeliti sa vama
svoju strast prema nauci.
svoju strast prema nauci.
00:16
I'm not talking about science
that takes baby steps.
that takes baby steps.
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Ne govorim o nauci
koja se kreće sitnim koracima.
koja se kreće sitnim koracima.
00:19
I'm talking about science
that takes enormous leaps.
that takes enormous leaps.
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Govorim o nauci koja se upušta
u ogromne skokove.
u ogromne skokove.
00:23
I'm talking Darwin, I'm talking Einstein,
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Govorim o Darvinu, o Ajnštajnu,
00:27
I'm talking revolutionary science
that turns the world on its head.
that turns the world on its head.
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o revolucionarnoj nauci
koja preokreće svet.
koja preokreće svet.
00:31
In a moment, I'm going to talk
about two ideas that might do this.
about two ideas that might do this.
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Uskoro ću govoriti o dve ideje
koje bi to mogle da urade.
koje bi to mogle da urade.
00:35
I say "might"
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Kažem „mogle bi“ jer,
kada se radi o revolucionarnim idejama,
većina njih je skroz pogrešna,
većina njih je skroz pogrešna,
00:37
because, with revolutionary ideas,
most are flat wrong,
most are flat wrong,
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00:39
and even those that are right
seldom have the impact
seldom have the impact
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a čak i one koje su ispravne
retko kad imaju uticaj
retko kad imaju uticaj
00:42
that we want them to have.
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koji želimo da imaju.
00:44
To explain why I picked
two ideas in particular,
two ideas in particular,
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Da bih objasnio
zašto sam odabrao baš dve ideje,
zašto sam odabrao baš dve ideje,
00:46
I'm going to start with a mystery.
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počeću misterijom.
00:48
1847, Vienna, Austria.
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Godina 1847, Beč, Austrija.
00:53
Ignaz Semmelweis was a somber,
compulsively thorough doctor
compulsively thorough doctor
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Ignac Semelvajs bio je natmuren,
kompulzivno temeljan lekar
kompulzivno temeljan lekar
00:56
who ran two maternity clinics.
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koji je upravljao dvoma porodilištima.
00:58
They were identical except for one thing.
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Bili su identična, izuzev jedne stvari.
Žene su umirale od visoke temperature
ubrzo nakon porođaja
ubrzo nakon porođaja
01:01
Women were dying of high fevers
soon after giving birth
soon after giving birth
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01:04
three times more often
at one of the clinics than at the other.
at one of the clinics than at the other.
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tri puta češće u jednoj klinici
nego u drugoj.
nego u drugoj.
01:08
Trying to figure out
what the difference was that caused this,
what the difference was that caused this,
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Pokušavajući da otkrije
koja je razlika to prouzrokovala,
koja je razlika to prouzrokovala,
01:11
Semmelweis looked at everything he could.
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Semelvajs je pregledao sve što je mogao.
01:13
Sanitation? No.
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Higijenski uslovi? Ne.
01:15
Medical procedures? No.
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Medicinske procedure? Ne.
01:18
Air flow? No.
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Protok vazduha? Ne.
Zagonetka je ostala bez rešenja
sve dok slučajno nije radio autopsiju
sve dok slučajno nije radio autopsiju
01:20
The puzzle went unsolved
until he happened to autopsy a doctor
until he happened to autopsy a doctor
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na doktoru koji je umro
od inficirane posekotine skalpelom.
od inficirane posekotine skalpelom.
01:24
who died of an infected scalpel cut.
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01:26
The doctor's symptoms were identical
to those of the mothers who were dying.
to those of the mothers who were dying.
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Simptomi tog doktora bili su identični
simptomima majki koje su umirale.
simptomima majki koje su umirale.
01:30
How was that possible?
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Kako je to bilo moguće?
01:31
How could a male doctor
get the same thing as new mothers?
get the same thing as new mothers?
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Kako bi doktor muškog pola
mogao da dobije isto što i majke?
mogao da dobije isto što i majke?
01:35
Semmelweis reconstructed
everything the doctor had done
everything the doctor had done
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Semelvajs je rekonstruisao
sve što je doktor uradio
sve što je doktor uradio
neposredno pre nego što se razboleo
01:38
right before he got sick,
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01:40
and he discovered
that he'd been autopsying a corpse.
that he'd been autopsying a corpse.
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i otkrio je da je sprovodio
autopsiju na lešu.
autopsiju na lešu.
01:44
Had something gotten
in his wound that killed him?
in his wound that killed him?
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Da li je nešto ušlo u njegovu ranu
što ga je ubilo?
što ga je ubilo?
01:48
With growing excitement,
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Uz sve veće uzbuđenje,
01:50
Semmelweis looked
for any connection he could
for any connection he could
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Semelvajs je tragao
za bilo kakvom mogućom vezom
za bilo kakvom mogućom vezom
01:53
between dead bodies in the morgue
and dead mothers in his delivery room,
and dead mothers in his delivery room,
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između leševa u mrtvačnici
i mrtvih majki u njegovoj porođajnoj sali,
i mrtvih majki u njegovoj porođajnoj sali,
01:58
and he found it.
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i pronašao ju je.
02:01
It turned out that at the hospital
with the high death rate,
with the high death rate,
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Ispostavilo se da su u bolnici
sa visokom stopom smrti,
sa visokom stopom smrti,
02:04
but not the others,
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ali ne i u drugima,
02:06
doctors delivered babies immediately
after autopsying corpses in the morgue.
after autopsying corpses in the morgue.
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doktori pomagali u porođaju beba
odmah nakon autopsije leševa u mrtvačnici.
odmah nakon autopsije leševa u mrtvačnici.
02:11
Aha! Corpses were contaminating
the doctors' hands
the doctors' hands
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Aha! Leševi su kontaminirali ruke doktora
i ubijali njegove majke.
i ubijali njegove majke.
02:15
and killing his mothers.
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02:17
So he ordered the doctors
to sterilize their hands,
to sterilize their hands,
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Zato je naredio doktorima
da sterilišu ruke
da sterilišu ruke
02:20
and the deaths stopped.
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i umiranje je prestalo.
02:23
Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis
had discovered infectious disease.
had discovered infectious disease.
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Dr Ignac Semelvajs
je otkrio infektivnu bolest.
je otkrio infektivnu bolest.
02:28
But the doctors of the day
thought he was crazy,
thought he was crazy,
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Međutim, doktori tog vremena
smatrali su da je on lud,
smatrali su da je on lud,
02:31
because they knew,
and had for hundreds of years,
and had for hundreds of years,
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jer su znali, i to stotinama godina,
02:35
that odorous vapors
called miasmas caused disease,
called miasmas caused disease,
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da bolesti izazivaju isparenja
zvana mijazme koja odaju mirise,
zvana mijazme koja odaju mirise,
02:40
not these hypothetical particles
that you couldn't see.
that you couldn't see.
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a ne te hipotetičke čestice
koje ne možete videti.
koje ne možete videti.
02:44
It took 20 years
for Frenchman Louis Pasteur
for Frenchman Louis Pasteur
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Trebalo je da prođe 20 godina
da bi Francuz Luj Paster
da bi Francuz Luj Paster
02:49
to prove that Semmelweis was right.
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dokazao da je Semelvajs bio u pravu.
02:51
Pasteur was an agricultural chemist
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Paster je bio poljoprivredni hemičar
02:54
who tried to figure out
why milk and beer spoiled so often.
why milk and beer spoiled so often.
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koji je pokušavao da otkrije
zašto se mleko i pivo tako često kvare.
zašto se mleko i pivo tako često kvare.
02:58
He found that bacteria were the culprits.
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Otkrio je da su bakterije krive za to.
03:02
He also found that bacteria
could kill people in exactly the same way
could kill people in exactly the same way
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Takođe je otkrio da bakterije
mogu da ubiju ljude na upravo isti način
mogu da ubiju ljude na upravo isti način
03:06
that Semmelweis's patients were dying.
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na koji su Semelvajsovi pacijenti umirali.
03:09
We now look at what I want
to talk about tonight, in two ideas.
to talk about tonight, in two ideas.
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Sagledajmo sada ono o čemu želim
da govorim večeras, dve ideje.
da govorim večeras, dve ideje.
03:14
We saw it with Semmelweis,
that he was a revolutionary.
that he was a revolutionary.
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Videli smo kod Semelvajsa
da je bio revolucionar.
da je bio revolucionar.
To je uspeo iz dva razloga.
03:18
He did it for two reasons.
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03:19
One, he opened our eyes
to a completely new world.
to a completely new world.
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Prvo, otvorio nam je oči
ka potpuno novom svetu.
ka potpuno novom svetu.
03:23
We'd known since the 1680s about bacteria.
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Od 1680-ih godina znamo za bakterije,
03:26
We just didn't know
that bacteria killed people.
that bacteria killed people.
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samo nismo znali
da bakterije ubijaju ljude.
da bakterije ubijaju ljude.
03:29
And he also demolished fond ideas
that people kept close to their heart.
that people kept close to their heart.
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Takođe je srušio drage ideje
koje su ljudima prirasle za srce.
koje su ljudima prirasle za srce.
03:34
Miasmas didn't kill people.
Bacteria killed people.
Bacteria killed people.
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Mijazme nisu ubijale ljude.
Bakterije su ubijale ljude.
Bakterije su ubijale ljude.
03:38
So this brings me to the two ideas
I want to talk about tonight.
I want to talk about tonight.
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Ovo me dovodi do dve ideje
o kojima želim da govorim večeras.
o kojima želim da govorim večeras.
03:41
One has opened our eyes
to a completely new universe,
to a completely new universe,
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Jedna nam je otvorila oči
ka potpuno novom univerzumu,
ka potpuno novom univerzumu,
03:44
and the other attacks long-held beliefs.
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a druga napada dugogodišnja uverenja.
03:48
Let's get started with Dr. Eric Betzig.
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Počnimo dr Erikom Becigom.
03:50
He's a physicist who has opened our eyes
to an entirely new world
to an entirely new world
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On je fizičar koji nam je otvorio oči
ka sasvim novom svetu
ka sasvim novom svetu
03:54
by violating the laws of physics.
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time što je narušio zakone fizike.
03:56
Betzig is a true rebel.
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Becig je pravi buntovnik.
03:58
He quit a job at prestigious
Bell Laboratory
Bell Laboratory
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Napustio je posao
u prestižnoj laboratoriji Bel -
u prestižnoj laboratoriji Bel -
04:01
inventing new microscopes for biology
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pravljenje novih mikroskopa za biologiju -
04:03
because he thought scientists
were taking his brilliant inventions
were taking his brilliant inventions
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jer je smatrao da naučnici
uzimaju njegove briljantne izume
uzimaju njegove briljantne izume
04:08
and doing lousy work with them.
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i pomoću njih loše obavljaju posao.
04:10
So he became a househusband,
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Zato je postao muž koji ostaje kod kuće,
04:15
but he never lost his passion
for figuring out
for figuring out
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ali nikada nije izgubio
svoju strast ka otkrivanju
svoju strast ka otkrivanju
kako da postigne da mikroskopi
vide sve finije detalje
vide sve finije detalje
04:17
how to get microscopes
to see finer and finer details
to see finer and finer details
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04:20
than had ever been seen before
or ever could be seen.
or ever could be seen.
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koji su ikada viđeni
ili koji bi se ikada mogli videti.
ili koji bi se ikada mogli videti.
04:23
This is crucial if we're ever
going to understand how cells work,
going to understand how cells work,
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Ovo je ključno ako ćemo ikada saznati
kako funkcionišu ćelije,
kako funkcionišu ćelije,
04:28
and how cancer works,
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kako funkcioniše rak
04:29
and how something
150th the size of a head of a pin
150th the size of a head of a pin
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i kako nešto što je 150 puta
manje od vrha čiode
manje od vrha čiode
04:35
can do all these amazing things,
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može da postiže sve te neverovatne stvari
04:37
like make proteins
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kao što je proizvodnja proteina,
04:39
and move charges around
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menjanje naelekrisanja
04:41
and all of those things.
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i sve te stvari.
04:43
There's just one problem.
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Postoji samo jedan problem.
04:46
There's this thing
called the law of physics,
called the law of physics,
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Postoji nešto što se zove zakon fizike,
04:49
and part of the law of physics
is the thing called the diffraction limit.
is the thing called the diffraction limit.
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a deo zakona fizike je nešto
što se zove granica difrakcije.
što se zove granica difrakcije.
Granica difrakcije je nešto u smislu
kao kad odete u doktorovu ordinaciju
kao kad odete u doktorovu ordinaciju
04:52
The diffraction limit is kind of like
when you go to a doctor's office,
when you go to a doctor's office,
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i možete da vidite samo donekle,
bez obzira koliko dobre naočare imate.
bez obzira koliko dobre naočare imate.
04:55
you can only see so far down,
no matter how good glasses you have.
no matter how good glasses you have.
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04:59
This was a so-called impossible problem.
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To je bio takozvani nemogući problem.
Međutim, jedan od Becigovih prijatelja
je otkrio kako da uzme mali molekul
je otkrio kako da uzme mali molekul
05:02
But one of Betzig's friends
figured out how to take a tiny molecule
figured out how to take a tiny molecule
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koji je manji nego što
najbolji mikroskop može da vidi,
najbolji mikroskop može da vidi,
05:05
that was smaller than
the best microscope could see
the best microscope could see
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05:08
and get it to light up and fluoresce.
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da ga osvetli i učini fluorescentnim.
05:10
"Aha!" Betzig said.
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„Aha!“, rekao je Becig.
05:12
"I think maybe the laws of physics
are not so unbreakable after all."
are not so unbreakable after all."
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„Mislim da zakoni fizike
možda ipak nisu tako neuništivi.“
možda ipak nisu tako neuništivi.“
05:17
So he lashed together a microscope
in his friend's living room.
in his friend's living room.
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Sklopio je mikroskop
u dnevnoj sobi svog prijatelja.
u dnevnoj sobi svog prijatelja.
05:22
He had no laboratory.
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Nije imao laboratoriju.
05:24
This revolutionary instrument
got different protein molecules
got different protein molecules
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Taj revolucionarni instrument
omogućio je da različiti molekuli proteina
omogućio je da različiti molekuli proteina
05:27
to light up in different colors,
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zasvetle različitim bojama,
05:30
and with a computer, he was able
to turn very, very fuzzy blurs
to turn very, very fuzzy blurs
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a uz kompjuter je mogao
da pretvori vrlo nejasne mrlje
da pretvori vrlo nejasne mrlje
05:34
into very sharp dots and produce images
of unprecedented and startling clarity.
of unprecedented and startling clarity.
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u veoma oštre tačke i stvori slike
neverovatne jasnoće bez premca.
neverovatne jasnoće bez premca.
05:41
For this work, last year,
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Za svoj rad je, prošle godine,
05:43
Eric Betzig won the Nobel Prize.
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Erik Becig dobio Nobelovu nagradu.
05:47
Why?
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Zašto?
Jer sada možemo videti
neverovatno detaljno
neverovatno detaljno
05:48
Because now we can see
with unprecedented detail
with unprecedented detail
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stvari koje nikada nismo videli ranije
05:52
things that we never had seen before,
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05:54
and now doctors can get
a better handle on things like cancer.
a better handle on things like cancer.
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i sada doktori mogu da bolje razumeju
stvari kao što je rak.
stvari kao što je rak.
Međutim, mislite li da je Becig
time bio zadovoljan?
time bio zadovoljan?
05:59
But do you think
Betzig was satisfied there?
Betzig was satisfied there?
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06:01
No.
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Ne.
06:02
He wanted movies.
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Hteo je filmove.
06:04
The problem was
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Problem je bio
06:06
that even the genius microscopes
that he invented were just too slow.
that he invented were just too slow.
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u tome što su čak i genijalni mikroskopi
koje je izumeo bili suviše spori.
koje je izumeo bili suviše spori.
06:10
So what did he do?
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Pa, šta je uradio?
06:11
He came up with a 200-year-old idea
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Došao je na ideju staru 200 godina
06:14
called moiré patterns.
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zvanu moare efekat.
06:16
So the way that works is
if you take two very, very fine patterns
if you take two very, very fine patterns
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To funkcioniše tako što uzmete
dva vrlo fina šablona
dva vrlo fina šablona
06:20
and you move them across each other,
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i postavite ih jednog popreko drugog,
06:21
you will see a gross pattern
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videćete veliki šablon
06:24
that a microscope can see
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koji mikroskrop može da vidi,
a koji drugačije ne biste mogli da vidite.
06:27
that otherwise you would not
be able to see.
be able to see.
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Tako je primenio ovu tehniku
na uzimanje veoma mutne slike ćelije
na uzimanje veoma mutne slike ćelije
06:29
So he applied this technique
to taking a really blurry image of a cell
to taking a really blurry image of a cell
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i pomeranje mnogo strukturisanih
svetlosnih šablona preko nje,
svetlosnih šablona preko nje,
06:32
and moving lots of structured
light patterns across it
light patterns across it
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06:35
until this cell became crystal clear.
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dok ta ćelija ne postane kristalno jasna.
06:38
And here is the result:
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Evo rezultata.
06:40
a mysterious new world,
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Misteriozni novi svet,
06:43
full of strange things zipping around
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pun čudnih stvari koje jurcaju naokolo
06:45
doing things that
we don't know what they're doing.
we don't know what they're doing.
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i rade nešto što ne znamo šta je.
06:49
But when we figure it out,
we'll have a better handle on life itself.
we'll have a better handle on life itself.
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Međutim, kada to otkrijemo,
imaćemo bolje razumevanje samog života.
imaćemo bolje razumevanje samog života.
06:53
For example, those
green globs that you see?
green globs that you see?
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Ne primer, te zelene grudvice koje vidite.
06:55
Those things are called clathrins.
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Te stvari se zovu klatrini.
06:57
They're molecules
that protect other molecules
that protect other molecules
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To su molekuli koji štite druge molekule
07:00
as they move through a cell.
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dok se kreću kroz ćeliju.
Nažalost, virusi ih ponekad napadnu
da bi zarazili ćeliju.
da bi zarazili ćeliju.
07:01
Unfortunately, viruses sometimes
hijack those to infect cells.
hijack those to infect cells.
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Takođe, vidite li te male krivudave stvari
poput crvića koje se kreću unaokolo?
poput crvića koje se kreću unaokolo?
07:06
Also, you see those little squiggly
wormlike things moving around?
wormlike things moving around?
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07:09
Those are actin molecules.
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To su molekuli aktina.
07:11
Unfortunately, viruses
also climb down those things
also climb down those things
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Nažalost, virusi se takođe popnu i na njih
07:14
to get into the cell nucleus
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da bi došli do ćelijskog jedra
07:15
to replicate themselves and make you sick.
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da bi se umnožili i razboleli vas.
07:18
Now that we can look at movies
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Sada kada možemo gledati filmove
07:20
of what's actually going on
deep inside a cell,
deep inside a cell,
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o tome šta se zapravo dešava
duboko unutar ćelije,
duboko unutar ćelije,
07:23
we have a much better chance
of curing viral diseases like AIDS.
of curing viral diseases like AIDS.
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imamo mnogo veće šanse
za izlečenje virusnih bolesti poput side.
za izlečenje virusnih bolesti poput side.
07:27
So when you look at a movie like this,
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Kada pogledate film kao što je ovaj,
07:29
it's very clear that Betzig has opened
our eyes to a completely new world.
our eyes to a completely new world.
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vrlo je jasno da nam je Becig
otvorio oči ka sasvim novom svetu.
otvorio oči ka sasvim novom svetu.
07:34
But he hasn't shattered
any cherished beliefs.
any cherished beliefs.
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Međutim, on nije razbio
nikakva draga uverenja.
nikakva draga uverenja.
07:39
That leads us to Dr. Aubrey de Grey
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Ovo nas dovodi do dr Obrija De Greja
07:42
at Cambridge.
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sa Kembridža.
07:44
De Grey definitely has scientists
squirming with an interesting idea:
squirming with an interesting idea:
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De Grej definitivno izaziva
previjanje naučnika zanimljivom idejom -
previjanje naučnika zanimljivom idejom -
07:48
we can be immortal.
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možemo biti besmrtni.
07:50
We can beat aging.
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Možemo da pobedimo starenje.
07:51
Now, most scientists
think he's a crackpot.
think he's a crackpot.
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Većina naučnika misli da je on ludak.
07:55
Any Biology 101 student knows
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Svaki student koji sluša uvod u biologiju
zna da je starenje
neizbežna posledica življenja.
neizbežna posledica življenja.
07:58
that aging is an inevitable
consequence of living.
consequence of living.
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08:02
For example, when we eat,
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Na primer, kada jedemo,
08:04
we take in food and we metabolize it,
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unosimo hranu i metabolišemo je,
08:06
and that throws off
what we call free radicals.
what we call free radicals.
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a to odbacuje ono što nazivamo
slobodni radikali.
slobodni radikali.
08:09
You might have heard of those.
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Možda ste čuli za njih.
08:10
Also known as oxygen ions,
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Poznati i kao joni kiseonika,
vezuju se za našu DNK,
dovode do toga da ona mutira,
dovode do toga da ona mutira,
08:12
those bind to our DNA, cause it to mutate,
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08:14
and cause us to get old and lose our hair.
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što dovodi to toga da starimo
i gubimo kosu.
i gubimo kosu.
08:17
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
08:18
It's just like, no, it's exactly like
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To je kao, ne, to je upravo
kao da se kiseonik vezuje za gvožđe
i čini da ono zarđa.
i čini da ono zarđa.
08:21
oxygen binding to iron and making it rust.
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08:23
So you age because you rust out.
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Dakle, starite jer zarđate.
08:26
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
08:28
Oh, and scientists also know
there is something called immortality:
there is something called immortality:
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Naučnici takođe znaju
da postoji nešto što se zove besmrtnost,
da postoji nešto što se zove besmrtnost,
08:33
in cancer cells.
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u ćelijama raka.
08:35
So if you stop aging,
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Dakle, ako prestanete da starite,
08:37
all of you are going to turn
into giant walking malignant tumors.
into giant walking malignant tumors.
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svi ćete se pretvoriti
u ogromne zloćudne tumore koji hodaju.
u ogromne zloćudne tumore koji hodaju.
08:42
These are cherished beliefs,
but could de Grey be on to something?
but could de Grey be on to something?
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To su draga uverenja, ali može li biti
da je De Grej na tragu nečemu?
da je De Grej na tragu nečemu?
Mislim da zaslužuje bliže razmatranje.
08:47
I think he deserves a closer look.
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08:48
First of all, I have a really hard time
seeing him as a crackpot.
seeing him as a crackpot.
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Pre svega, zaista mi je teško
da ga vidim kao ludaka.
da ga vidim kao ludaka.
08:52
Yeah, he started off life
as a computer scientist,
as a computer scientist,
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Da, počeo je život kao računarski naučnik,
08:54
not a biologist,
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ne kao biolog,
08:55
but he earned a PhD
in biology from Cambridge,
in biology from Cambridge,
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ali je stekao titulu
doktora biologije na Kembridžu
doktora biologije na Kembridžu
08:59
and he has published
some very significant work
some very significant work
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i objavio je neke vrlo značajne radove
09:02
on mitochondrial DNA
and a bunch of other stuff.
and a bunch of other stuff.
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o mitohondrijalnoj DNK
i o gomili drugih stvari.
i o gomili drugih stvari.
09:04
Secondly, he started
an antiaging foundation
an antiaging foundation
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Drugo, osnovao je
fondaciju protiv starenja
fondaciju protiv starenja
koja je identifikovala
sedam različitih uzroka starenja,
sedam različitih uzroka starenja,
09:07
that has identified
seven different causes of aging,
seven different causes of aging,
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09:10
to me, that seem very plausible,
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koji za mene deluju vrlo verovatno,
09:12
and he is hot in pursuit
of fixes for every single one of them.
of fixes for every single one of them.
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i u žustroj je potrazi
za rešenjima za svaki od njih.
za rešenjima za svaki od njih.
09:16
For example, one of the reasons we age
is that our mitochondrial DNA mutates,
is that our mitochondrial DNA mutates,
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Na primer, jedan od razloga našem starenju
je da naša mitohondrijalna DNK mutira,
je da naša mitohondrijalna DNK mutira,
09:21
and we get kind of old
and our cells lose energy.
and our cells lose energy.
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nekako postajemo stariji
i naše ćelije gube energiju.
i naše ćelije gube energiju.
09:25
He believes, and he's made
a convincing case,
a convincing case,
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On smatra i ubedljivo obrazlaže
da korišćenjem virusa
možemo da vršimo gensku terapiju,
možemo da vršimo gensku terapiju,
09:27
that using viruses we can do gene therapy,
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09:30
fix that DNA
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popravimo tu DNK
09:31
and rejuvenate our cells.
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i podmladimo naše ćelije.
09:35
One more thing.
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Još jedna stvar.
09:36
We have an existent proof
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Imamo postojeći dokaz
09:38
that extreme longevity is possible.
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da je ekstremna dugovečnost moguća.
09:42
Bristlecone pine trees live 5,000 years,
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Borovi Pinus aristata žive 5 000 godina,
09:47
and some lobsters don't age at all.
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a neki jastozi uopšte ne stare.
09:52
Now, this doesn't mean that de Grey
is going to revolutionize our lifespans.
is going to revolutionize our lifespans.
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To ne znači da će De Grej doneti preokret
u pogledu našeg životnog veka.
u pogledu našeg životnog veka.
09:57
I mean, after all, we're not trees,
and most of us are not lobsters.
and most of us are not lobsters.
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Mislim, na kraju krajeva, nismo drveće,
a većina nas nisu jastozi.
a većina nas nisu jastozi.
10:00
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
10:02
But I've got to believe that there are
Darwins and Einsteins out there,
Darwins and Einsteins out there,
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Ipak, moram da verujem
da tamo negde postoje Darvini i Ajnšajni,
da tamo negde postoje Darvini i Ajnšajni,
10:07
and I'll tell you why.
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a reći ću vam zašto.
10:09
Consider this:
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Razmotrite ovo.
10:11
there are seven times more people
alive today than during Darwin's time.
alive today than during Darwin's time.
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Danas postoji sedam puta više živih ljudi
nego u Darvinovo vreme.
nego u Darvinovo vreme.
10:16
There are four times as many people
alive today as Einstein.
alive today as Einstein.
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Ima četiri puta više živih ljudi
nego u vreme Ajnštajna.
nego u vreme Ajnštajna.
10:19
When you consider
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Kada uzmete u obzir
10:21
that the proportion of scientists
in the population has skyrocketed,
in the population has skyrocketed,
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da je udeo naučnika u stanovništvu
vrtoglavo poleteo uvis,
vrtoglavo poleteo uvis,
10:24
there are now seven million scientists.
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danas ima sedam miliona naučnika.
10:26
I've got to believe, and I do believe,
that there's one of them out there
that there's one of them out there
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Moram da verujem, a i verujem,
da tamo postoji jedan među njima
da tamo postoji jedan među njima
10:31
who is working right now in obscurity
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koji sada radi u tami
da bi nam uzdrmao živote.
da bi nam uzdrmao živote.
10:34
to rock our lives,
and I don't know about you,
and I don't know about you,
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Ne znam za vas,
10:36
but I can't wait to be rocked.
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ali ja jedva čekam da me uzdrma.
10:38
Thank you.
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Hvala.
10:39
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Eric Haseltine - Author, futurist, innovatorEric Haseltine applies discoveries about the brain to innovation and forecasting game-changing advances in science and technology.
Why you should listen
Dr. Eric Haseltine is a neuroscientist and futurist who has applied a brain-centered approach to help organizations in aerospace, entertainment, healthcare, consumer products and national security transform and innovate. He is the author of Long Fuse, Big Bang: Achieving Long-Term Success Through Daily Victories. For five years, he wrote a monthly column on the brain for Discover magazine and is a frequent contributor to Psychology Today's web site, where his popular blog on the brain has garnered over 800,000 views. Haseltine received the Distinguished Psychologist in Management Award from the Society of Psychologists in Management and has published 41 patents and patent applications in optics, media and entertainment technology.
In 1992 he joined Walt Disney Imagineering to help found the Virtual Reality Studio, which he ultimately ran until his departure from Disney in 2002. When he left Disney, Haseltine was executive vice president of Imagineering and head of R&D for the entire Disney Corporation, including film, television, theme parks, Internet and consumer products.
In the aftermath of 9/11, Eric joined the National Security Agency to run its Research Directorate. Three years later, he was promoted to associate of director of National Intelligence, where he oversaw all science and technology efforts within the United States Intelligence Community as well as fostering development innovative new technologies for countering cyber threats and terrorism. For his work on counter-terrorism technologies, he received the National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal in 2007.
Haseltine serves on numerous boards, and is an active consultant, speaker and writer. Over the past three years, he has focused heavily on developing innovation strategies and consumer applications for the Internet of Things, virtual reality and augmented reality.
Haseltine continues to do basic research in neuroscience, with his most recent publications focusing on the mind-body health connection and exploitation of big-data to uncover subtle, but important trends in mental and physical health.
Eric Haseltine | Speaker | TED.com