ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lucianne Walkowicz - Stellar astronomer
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares."

Why you should listen

Lucianne Walkowicz is an Astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago. She studies stellar magnetic activity and how stars influence a planet's suitability as a host for alien life. She is also an artist and works in a variety of media, from oil paint to sound. She got her taste for astronomy as an undergrad at Johns Hopkins, testing detectors for the Hubble Space Telescope’s new camera (installed in 2002). She also learned to love the dark stellar denizens of our galaxy, the red dwarfs, which became the topic of her PhD dissertation at University of Washington. Nowadays, she works on NASA’s Kepler mission, studying starspots and the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares to understand stellar magnetic fields. She is particularly interested in how the high energy radiation from stars influences the habitability of planets around alien suns. Lucianne is also a leader in the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, a new project that will scan the sky every night for 10 years to create a huge cosmic movie of our Universe.

More profile about the speaker
Lucianne Walkowicz | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxPhoenix

Lucianne Walkowicz: Look up for a change

Filmed:
295,630 views

TED Fellow Lucianne Walkowicz asks: How often do you see the true beauty of the night sky? At TEDxPhoenix, she shows how light pollution is ruining the extraordinary -- and often ignored -- experience of seeing directly into space. (Filmed at TEDxPhoenix.)
- Stellar astronomer
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares." Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

夜空,是人类与生俱来的共享资源。
00:16
The sky天空 is inherently本质 democratic民主的.
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原则上来说,任何人、在任何地方,
都可以欣赏夜空的美——
00:18
It's accessible无障碍, in principle原理, anyway无论如何,
by anyone任何人, everywhere到处,
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你只需轻轻抬头仰望。
00:23
just simply只是 by the act法案 of looking up.
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00:26
But like so many许多
beautiful美丽 things around us,
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然而,如同我们身边
很多其它美丽的事物一样,
夜空正在逐渐消逝,
而我们却未曾察觉,
00:29
it's slipping滑倒 away from us,
and we haven't没有 even noticed注意到,
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因为,我们根本看都没看一眼。
00:32
because we're honestly老老实实 not really looking.
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00:35
So what do we look at instead代替?
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那我们看的究竟事什么呢?
我们在看手机、玩电脑,
00:37
Well, we look at our phones手机,
we look at our computers电脑,
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我们注视着各种各样的电子屏幕。
00:41
we look at screens屏幕 of all kinds.
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说实在的,我们甚至很少费心
00:43
And honestly老老实实, we rarely很少
even take the trouble麻烦
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去抬头注视彼此,
00:46
to look up enough足够 to see each other,
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更不要说走出房门、
抬头仰望真正的天空了。
00:48
let alone单独 taking服用 that next下一个 step
to looking up at the actual实际 sky天空.
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00:53
Now, there's a tendency趋势 to think
that the loss失利 of our dark黑暗 night skies天空
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越来越多的人认为,
夜空的消逝是科技进步、
社会发展的必然结果。
00:58
is the inevitable必然 outcome结果
of progress进展, change更改, technology技术.
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01:02
And you know, that's just simply只是 not true真正.
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但这并不是真正的原因。
01:04
Later后来 on, I'll tell you why.
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接下来,我将告诉你为什么。
01:06
But first, I want to tell you
about my experience经验 of the dark黑暗 night sky天空.
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首先,我想给你们讲讲
我自己有关夜空的经历。
01:10
I never saw a truly dark黑暗 night
sky天空 until直到 I was 15.
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我直到十五岁时,
才见过真正的夜空。
当时,我就在亚利桑那州。
01:15
I was here, in Arizona亚利桑那.
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01:17
I was on a road trip;
I pulled over somewhere某处.
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那是一次旅途,我们
在一个地方靠边停了车。
当时除了州名以外,
我对身在何处一无所知。
01:20
I have no idea理念 where I was,
except I know what state.
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01:24
And I looked看着 up,
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就那么不经意地抬头一望,
01:25
and the sky天空 was just filled填充
with an impossible不可能 number of stars明星.
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我看到了布满繁星的夜空!
01:30
You see, I'm from New York纽约 City,
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想想看,我来自纽约,
01:32
and in New York纽约, you can see the moon月亮,
you can see a couple一对 of stars明星.
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在那个城市,你只能看到
月亮和几颗“零星”,
01:37
More often经常 than not, they turn out
to be airplanes飞机 when they land土地.
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而且通常当“零星”降落时,
你才发现,它们其实是飞机。
01:41
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
01:42
But there's really not much else其他.
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除此之外,也没什么其它东西了。
01:43
As a result结果, most of my colleagues同事
who are astronomers天文学家
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我的大多数天文学家同事们,
01:47
spent花费 at least最小 part部分 of their youth青年
looking up at the sky天空 in their backyard后院.
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至少都有过一段夜晚在
自家后院数星星的童年时光,
01:51
I never really had that experience经验,
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而我,却从未有过那种经历。
01:53
and, as a result结果, I'm really
disappointing令人失望 on camping露营 trips旅行.
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所以在露营旅途中,
我的表现令人大失所望:
01:57
I don't really know many许多 constellations星座.
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关于星座方面的知识极其有限,
02:00
The ones那些 I do know,
you probably大概 know them, too.
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而我所知道的为数不多的几个星座,
相信在座的各位也都耳熟能详。
但我永远不会忘记
02:03
But I'll never forget忘记 that experience经验
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02:06
of the first time I saw
the dark黑暗 night sky天空.
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平生第一次看到夜空的经历,
02:08
And I was just flabbergasted吓坏的
at how many许多 stars明星 there were.
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那漫天的繁星深深震撼了我,
02:12
And I felt tiny.
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让我感到自己无比渺小。
02:15
Then I also felt like,
"Where's哪里 this been hiding this whole整个 time?
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接下来,我就有了这样的疑惑:
这些奇景一直以来被藏在了哪里?
02:21
Who's谁是 been hiding this sky天空 from me?"
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是谁藏匿了这样的天空?
02:23
Of course课程, the answer回答 is obvious明显
if you think about it
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不过仔细一想,
答案其实显而易见,
02:27
or if you look at the picture图片 on the left,
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或者看一下左边的照片就明白了,
02:29
where you're seeing眼看 the same相同 neighborhood邻里
taken采取 during a blackout灯火管制
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这是同一街区停电时拍摄的夜空,
02:34
versus on an ordinary普通 night.
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右边是普通夜晚拍摄的夜空照片。
02:36
You can't see the stars明星
if you drown them out with light.
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当星星被灯光淹没时,
你自然就看不到它们。
02:40
Take a look at our planet行星.
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现在请审视一下我们的地球,
02:42
This is our planet行星 from space空间.
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这是从太空拍摄的地球。
02:44
Unlike不像 stars明星, which哪一个 are hot and glow辉光
invisible无形 light so we can see them,
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恒星发出热量和不可见光,
所以我们能看到它们,
02:49
our planet行星 is, astronomically天文数字
speaking请讲, pretty漂亮 cold.
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而地球与恒星不同,
从天文学上讲,地球很冷,
02:53
So it doesn't really glow辉光.
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所以其自身并不发光。
02:55
When you see the planet行星 looking
like a blue-green蓝绿 marble大理石
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当你看到图中展现的这颗
如蓝绿色大理石般的地球时,
02:59
the way it does in this picture图片,
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你能看见它,是因为
它反射了太阳光的缘故。
03:00
you're seeing眼看 it because the sunlight阳光
is reflecting反映 off of it,
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03:04
and that's why you can see
the oceans海洋, the clouds, the land土地.
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这也是为什么你能看到
海洋、云朵和陆地。
03:07
So if the sun太阳 wasn't shining闪亮的 on it,
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也就是说,如果没有太阳的照射,
03:09
we wouldn't不会 be able能够
to see the earth地球, right?
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我们就看不到地球了,对吗?
03:12
Or would we?
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或者,我们依然能看到它?
03:15
This is our earth地球 at night,
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这是夜晚的地球,
03:17
and it is one of the most
striking引人注目 examples例子
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这是人类在全球范围内
03:19
of how we have affected受影响
our planet行星 on a global全球 scale规模.
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对地球造成显著影响的例子之一。
03:22
You can see light spidering爬行 out
across横过 the globe地球 everywhere到处.
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你可以看到光亮散播到了
全球的各个角落,
03:27
Now, of course课程, there are broad广阔 expanses大片
of ocean海洋 that are still dark黑暗,
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当然,现在广阔的海洋
依旧处于黑暗中,
03:30
and in many许多 underdeveloped发育不全的 areas
there's still darkness黑暗.
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很多不发达的地区
看起来也是漆黑一片,
03:34
But you'll你会 notice注意
that this is a pretty漂亮 global全球 effect影响.
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但你会发现这其实
已经成为了全球现象。
当提到灯火通明的地方时,
我们总会想起那些最极端的例子,
03:40
We tend趋向 to think, when we think
of places地方 being存在 lit发光的 up,
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03:43
of very extreme极端 examples例子 --
Times Square广场, the Vegas拉斯维加斯 Strip跳闸.
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比如时代广场、拉斯维加斯大道。
03:47
But really what that picture图片 shows节目 you
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但那张整个地球的照明情况图片
03:49
is that it's not just
these extreme极端 examples例子,
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显示的不仅仅是这几个极端个例,
而是任何使用户外照明的地方,
03:52
it's anywhere随地 that uses使用 outdoor户外 lighting灯光.
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03:54
This tends趋向 to be a really
dramatic戏剧性 effect影响 on the ground地面.
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这往往给地球表面
带来真正巨大的影响。
03:58
To understand理解 why,
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想知道为什么,
03:59
all you really have to do
is think about the shape形状 of a lightbulb灯泡.
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你只需想想灯泡的形状。
为了实用的目的,
04:03
The lightbulb灯泡, for all practical实际的 purposes目的,
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灯泡基本上都是圆的。
04:05
is more or less round回合.
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04:07
This is great for its original原版的 intended
purpose目的 of lighting灯光 up the indoors在室内.
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这正符合它最初的
目的——室内照明,
04:11
You turn it on, light goes everywhere到处.
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你打开灯,灯光照射到
房间的每个角落。
04:13
An individual个人 light bulb灯泡 can light up
your whole整个 room房间, more or less.
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一个灯泡就能照亮整个房间,
只是明暗程度的差异。
04:17
Now, that's great
if you're lighting灯光 the indoors在室内,
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如果你想照亮室内,
这确实非常有效;
04:20
but in its application应用
in outdoor户外 lighting灯光,
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但当我们用于室外照明时,
传统的灯泡形状,
04:23
that traditional传统 shape形状 of the light bulb灯泡,
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04:25
the sort分类 of globe地球 that spreads利差
light everywhere到处,
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即那种向四周传播
光线的球形灯泡,
04:28
is actually其实 very inefficient低效.
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其实是十分低效的。
04:29
When you're outdoors在户外,
mostly大多 what you care关心 about
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当你身处室外时,
你最关心的是照亮你
脚下的地面和周围的环境。
04:32
is lighting灯光 the ground地面 beneath下面 you
and your immediate即时 surroundings环境.
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04:36
All of that light that gets得到 scattered疏散
outwards向外 and upwards向上
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所有那些分散向外或向上的光,
04:40
doesn't actually其实 help you
light the area around you.
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都并不能帮你有效地
照亮你周围的区域。
04:42
What it does is scatters散射 up into the sky天空
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它只是将光线散射到天空,
04:45
and becomes what we call
"light pollution污染."
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造成我们所说的“光污染”。
04:47
Even if you don't care关心 anything
about stargazing观星, this should worry担心 you,
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即使你不在意星象观测,
你也应该关心光污染,
04:52
because it means手段 that 60-70% of the energy能源
we use to light the outdoors在户外
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因为,它意味着我们用于
室外照明的60-70%的能量
04:57
is wasted浪费 by blotting杂交 out the stars明星.
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被浪费在屏蔽夜晚的星光了。
05:01
Now, like I said,
I'm a big fan风扇 of technology技术.
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正如我所说的,我是个大科技迷,
05:04
Obviously明显, I use technology技术
every一切 day; I'm a scientist科学家.
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作为一个科学家,显然
每天我都使用高科技。
05:08
And there's this tendency趋势
to say that it's progress进展 that --
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大家倾向于认为这是进步——
05:11
you know, I'm not suggesting提示
we're going to all go live生活 by candlelight烛火.
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我并非建议大家在烛光下生活。
05:16
Indeed确实, technology技术 is allowing允许 us
to access访问 the sky天空
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确实,科技使我们能够接近天空,
05:20
in ways方法 that are impossible不可能 otherwise除此以外.
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用一种只有科技能够做到的方式,
05:22
One of the greatest最大 examples例子 of this is,
of course课程, the Hubble哈勃 Space空间 Telescope望远镜.
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当然,最伟大的例子
就是哈勃太空望远镜。
05:27
The Hubble哈勃 went up into space空间,
it returns回报 pictures图片 daily日常,
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哈勃望远镜被发射进入太空,
每天都传回大量照片,
05:31
and it allows允许 us to see things
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让我们看到太空的事物,
05:32
that we are incapable无法 of seeing眼看
with our naked eye,
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这些都是我们肉眼所看不到的,
05:35
in ways方法 that we've我们已经 never been able能够
to do before in all of human人的 history历史.
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在人类历史的任何阶段,
我们都从没这么做过。
05:40
Other examples例子 of this
would be planetarium天文馆 shows节目.
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其它类似的例子
当然还有天体展示。
05:43
In the past过去 couple一对 of years年份, planetarium天文馆
shows节目 have become成为 more high-tech高科技
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在过去的几年里,借助
这些超棒的可视化信息,
天体展示变得越来越高科技化,
05:48
with these great visualizations可视化,
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05:50
and even though虽然 this isn't access访问
directly to the sky天空,
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即使这并不是直接亲身接触天空,
05:52
it's at least最小 access访问
to our knowledge知识 about the sky天空.
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但至少让我们获得了
关于天空的知识。
05:55
And indeed确实, we can experience经验
the sky天空 in a planetarium天文馆
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的确,我们可以在天文馆体验那种
05:58
in a way that is impossible不可能 for us to do
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坐在室外、望向漆黑的夜空
所体验不到的感觉。
06:01
just sitting坐在 out and looking in the dark黑暗.
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06:04
All of you have heard听说 of the Hubble哈勃
Space空间 Telescope望远镜 and of planetariums天文馆.
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你们大概都听说过
哈勃太空望远镜和天文馆。
06:08
But there are also ways方法
for technology技术 to enable启用 participation参与
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但是也有一些技术可以
让人们参与到关于天空的、
06:12
in people's人们 experience经验 of the sky天空
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06:14
that you may可能 not be familiar with.
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你可能不熟悉的体验中,
06:15
These are called
"citizen公民 science科学 projects项目."
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这就是所谓的“平民科学项目”。
06:18
Citizen公民 science科学 is when large
research研究 projects项目 put their data数据 online线上,
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平民科学是一个大的项目,
他们把数据放到互联网上,
06:23
teach ordinary普通 people, like you,
to go and interact相互作用 with that data数据
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教像在座各位这样的普通人
去与数据进行交互,
06:27
and actually其实 contribute有助于 to the research研究
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通过给数据添加
有趣或必要的特征,
06:29
by making制造 interesting有趣 or necessary必要
characterizations表征 about it.
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进而对研究做出贡献。
06:33
One such这样 example of this is what
I'm showing展示 here, called "Galaxy星系 Zoo动物园."
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类似的例子就是我现在
展示的“银河动物园”项目。
06:38
Galaxy星系 Zoo动物园 is a project项目
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银河动物园项目是这样的:
人们经过20分钟的指导——
实际上少于20分钟——
06:40
where people get a 20-minute-分钟 --
even less than that, actually其实 -- tutorial教程
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学习关于如何与这些
星系的图像进行交互。
06:45
on how to interact相互作用
with these images图片 of galaxies星系.
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06:48
They learn学习 to annotate注释 the images图片,
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他们学习为图像做注释,
06:50
and within a couple一对 of minutes分钟,
they're up and running赛跑,
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在几分钟内,
他们就能着手开始工作,
而且真正能够对这些星系
06:53
and they're making制造 really
useful有用 categorizations分类已
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进行有用的归类和划分。
06:55
and classifications分类 of these galaxies星系.
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06:57
Now, it's easy简单 to understand理解
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很容易就能理解
为何“银河动物园”很容易
被参与其中的人所接受:
06:59
why Galaxy星系 Zoo动物园 would be an easy简单 sell
for people to be involved参与 with:
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07:03
it involves涉及 pretty漂亮 pictures图片;
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它包含了漂亮的图片;
07:04
galaxies星系 are, generally通常
speaking请讲, pretty漂亮 attractive有吸引力.
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通常来说,星系的确很吸引人。
然而,还有很多其他
类型的平民科学项目,
07:07
However然而, there are many许多 other flavors口味
of citizen公民 science科学 projects项目
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07:11
that people have delved钻研 into
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人们探究过的这些项目
07:12
that have varying不同 levels水平 of abstraction抽象化,
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抽象程度各不相同,
07:16
that you wouldn't不会 necessarily一定 think
people would jump at.
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你会觉得人们不太会
立刻参与这些项目。
07:19
One such这样 example of this
is the citizen公民 science科学 project项目
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一个类似的例子就是
与我参加的任务
相关的一个平民科学项目,
07:23
associated相关 with the mission任务
that I'm part部分 of,
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07:26
called the Kepler开普勒 Mission任务.
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叫做“开普勒任务”。
开普勒是一个太空望远镜,
它通过精确测量恒星的光线(变化)
07:27
Kepler开普勒 is a space空间 telescope望远镜 and it looks容貌
for planets行星 around other stars明星
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来寻找恒星周围的行星。
07:32
by measuring测量 the light
from those stars明星 very precisely恰恰.
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07:35
And we're looking for the dimmingsdimmings
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我们在寻找恒星因为光线被
(围绕其运转的行星)
07:37
caused造成 by stars明星 blocking闭塞 off
some of that light.
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阻挡而发生的微暗现象。
07:41
We have an associated相关 citizen公民 science科学
project项目 called "Planet行星 Hunters猎人."
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我们有一个与此相关的
“行星猎手”平民科学项目。
07:45
Planet行星 Hunters猎人 gives you,
like Galaxy星系 Zoo动物园, a short tutorial教程,
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类似于银河动物园,
这个项目也会提供给你一个短教程,
07:50
and within a couple一对 of minutes分钟,
you're up and running赛跑;
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几分钟之后,你就可以开始工作;
你需要观察来自
开普勒任务的数据,
07:53
you're looking at data数据
from the Kepler开普勒 Mission任务
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07:55
and looking for planets行星.
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并寻找行星。
07:57
The idea理念 behind背后 this
is an easy简单 sell, right?
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背后的想法很容易被接受,对吗?
但探索行星的实际过程
包含对大量图表进行观察分析,
08:00
But the actual实际 process处理 of planet-hunting行星搜寻
involves涉及 a lot of looking at graphs,
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08:05
like the one I'm showing展示 you here,
and annotating注释 them.
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就像这里我向你们展示的一样,
需要去分析和注释它们。
08:08
I do this all day and that doesn't even
sound声音 that interesting有趣 to me.
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我整天都做这些工作,
所以已经不觉得那么有趣了。
08:12
However然而, not only are people
interested有兴趣 in doing this,
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然而,人们不仅对此很感兴趣,
08:16
but the citizen公民 scientists科学家们
that work with Planet行星 Hunters猎人
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而且参与‘’行星猎手‘’
项目的平民科学家们
08:20
have actually其实 found发现 planets行星 in the data数据
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在数据中真的发现了行星,
08:22
that would have gone走了
undiscovered未被发现 otherwise除此以外.
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多亏了他们,才不至于
错失发现这些行星的机会。
这是他们发表的关于
所发现行星论文中的
08:25
This is an author作者 list名单
from the paper that they published发表
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08:28
of the planet行星 they discovered发现.
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作者列表。
08:29
You'll你会 see that all the people
who contributed贡献 are listed上市 below下面,
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你会看到,所有对此做出贡献的
人们都在以下名单中列出,
08:32
and it's sort分类 of an odd amalgam汞合金
of people's人们 real真实 names
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名单有点像人们真实姓名
08:36
and their log-in登录 names.
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和他们登录名的奇怪组合。
如果仔细观察,你会发现
这是学术圈第一次认可
08:37
You'll你会 notice注意 if you look carefully小心,
this is the first academic学术的 acknowledgment承认
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爱尔兰咖啡在发现
行星过程中的重要性。
08:41
of the importance重要性 of Irish爱尔兰的 coffee咖啡
in the discovery发现 process处理.
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08:44
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
08:46
I don't want to give you the idea理念
that these are some out-of-work外的工作 scientists科学家们
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我不想给你这样的错觉,
以为这些只是一些失业的科学家
或一些书呆子才会痴迷的项目,
08:51
or just a bunch of nerds书呆子
that are really into this.
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其实,一共有6万人
参与了这些项目,
08:53
There are 60,000 people
who participate参加 in these projects项目,
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其中大部分人都没有技术背景。
08:57
and most of them don't have
technical技术 backgrounds背景.
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08:59
So clearly明确地, what this is feeding馈送 into
is people's人们 curiosity好奇心
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显然,人们参与其中
是因为好奇心驱使,
09:03
and their willingness愿意 to be part部分
of the scientific科学 discovery发现 process处理.
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还有他们参与科学
发现过程的意愿。
09:07
People want to do this.
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人们想去做这样的事情。
09:09
But all of this technology技术
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但是所有这些技术,
09:12
and all these digitally数字 mediated ways方法
of experiencing经历 the sky天空
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以及所有这些体验
天空的数码媒介方式,
09:16
still have something of a feel to me
like looking at an animal动物 in a zoo动物园.
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仍带给我一种像在
动物园看动物的感觉。
09:21
It's a valid有效 way
of experiencing经历 that thing --
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这是体验天空的有效方式,
09:23
indeed确实, the lion狮子 in the cage
is still real真实,
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确实,笼里的狮子依旧是真实的,
09:26
the Hubble哈勃 images图片 are indeed确实 real真实,
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哈勃图片也确实是真实的,
09:28
and you can get closer接近 to a lion狮子 in a zoo动物园
than you can in the wild野生.
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而且,你在动物园里
比在野外更接近狮子。
09:33
However然而, it's missing失踪 something.
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然而,这里缺少了一些东西,
09:36
It's missing失踪 that savage野蛮人 beauty美女
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缺少你在野外
09:38
of experiencing经历 that very thing
in the wild野生 for yourself你自己,
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亲身体验到的那种野性之美,
09:42
unmediated非中介 by a screen屏幕.
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未曾经过荧屏这层媒介。
09:44
The experience经验 of looking up
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仰望天空,
09:47
and knowing会心 that the sky天空 you're looking at
surrounds围绕着 every一切 known已知 living活的 thing
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并认识到你正观看的天空
包围着宇宙中所有的已知生物,
09:52
in the universe宇宙
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这种感受意义深远。
09:53
is very profound深刻.
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09:55
Think about that for a moment时刻.
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试想一下,
09:57
We are the only planet行星 we know of
that has life on it.
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我们是唯一已知的
存在生命的星球。
10:02
The sky天空 that you see is shared共享
by every一切 other living活的 thing
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你所看到的天空,
是与已知世间万物共享的,
10:05
that we know of in existence存在.
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10:08
One of the things
that I really like about my work
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我真正喜欢自己职业的一点是,
10:11
is that it allows允许 me to step back
from my every一切 day
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它让我抛开日常的生活,
10:14
and to experience经验 the larger context上下文,
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去体验更丰富的内涵,
10:18
this feeling感觉 that just as we go out
and try to find planets行星 in the universe宇宙
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这种感觉就好像我们
遨游宇宙去寻找新的行星,
可能和地球一样的星球,
10:24
that might威力 be like ours我们的,
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这总是提醒我现在的
生活有多么珍贵。
10:26
it always reminds提醒 me
of how precious珍贵 what we have here is.
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10:31
Our night sky天空 is like a natural自然 resource资源,
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我们的夜空就像自然资源,
10:34
it's as though虽然 it's a park公园
that you can visit访问
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就像一个无须经历旅游劳顿
就可以参观的公园。
10:37
without ever having to travel旅行 there.
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10:40
But like any natural自然 resource资源,
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但是,就像其他的自然资源一样,
10:42
if we don't protect保护 it,
if we don't preserve保留 it and treasure宝藏 it,
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如果我们不去保护它、
保存它和珍惜它,
10:45
it will slip away from us and be gone走了.
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它将会从我们身边消失。
10:48
So if you're interested有兴趣 in this,
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因此,如果你们对此感兴趣,
10:50
and this is something
you want to learn学习 more about,
202
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如果这也是你想多了解的东西,
10:53
I encourage鼓励 you in particular特定
to visit访问 darkskydarksky.org组织
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我特别鼓励你们去访问
网站"darksky.org",
10:56
and to learn学习 more
about the choices选择 you can make
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去学习更多关于你能做出的选择,
10:59
that can protect保护 the dark黑暗 night sky天空,
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来保护夜空,
11:01
because it belongs属于 to everyone大家,
it belongs属于 to all of us,
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因为它属于每个人,
属于我们所有人,
11:04
and therefore因此, it's ours我们的
to experience经验 as we wish希望.
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所以,我们根据
自己的愿望去行动,
11:07
And it's also ours我们的 to lose失去.
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成败的责任,都在于我们自己。
11:09
Thank you.
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谢谢!
11:10
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Zhenqiang Ni
Reviewed by Carol Wang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lucianne Walkowicz - Stellar astronomer
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares."

Why you should listen

Lucianne Walkowicz is an Astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago. She studies stellar magnetic activity and how stars influence a planet's suitability as a host for alien life. She is also an artist and works in a variety of media, from oil paint to sound. She got her taste for astronomy as an undergrad at Johns Hopkins, testing detectors for the Hubble Space Telescope’s new camera (installed in 2002). She also learned to love the dark stellar denizens of our galaxy, the red dwarfs, which became the topic of her PhD dissertation at University of Washington. Nowadays, she works on NASA’s Kepler mission, studying starspots and the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares to understand stellar magnetic fields. She is particularly interested in how the high energy radiation from stars influences the habitability of planets around alien suns. Lucianne is also a leader in the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, a new project that will scan the sky every night for 10 years to create a huge cosmic movie of our Universe.

More profile about the speaker
Lucianne Walkowicz | Speaker | TED.com