TED2007
Adam Grosser: A mobile fridge for vaccines
Adam Gosser i njegov održivi hladnjak
Filmed:
Readability: 3.9
973,042 views
Adam Gosser govori o projektu stvaranja hladnjaka koji radi bez električne energije, kako bi taj ključni alat učinio dostupnim selima i klinikama diljem svijeta. Prilagodbom nekih starih tehnologija, osmislio je sustav koji funkcionira.
Adam Grosser - Venture capitalist
Adam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary. Full bio
Adam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
This is a work in process,
0
1000
3000
Ovo je nešto na čemu još radimo
00:16
based on some comments that were made
1
4000
3000
a temelji se na pojedinim komentarima
00:19
at TED two years ago
2
7000
1000
danim na TED-u prije dvije godine
00:20
about the need for the storage of vaccine.
3
8000
4000
o potrebi za spremištem za cjepivo
00:24
(Music)
4
12000
1000
(Glazba)
00:25
(Video) Narrator: On this planet,
5
13000
1000
[Na ovom planetu]
00:26
1.6 billion people
6
14000
2000
[ 1.6 milijardi ljudi ]
00:28
don't have access to electricity,
7
16000
2000
[ nemaju pristup električnoj energiji]
00:30
refrigeration
8
18000
4000
[ rashladnim sustavima ]
00:34
or stored fuels.
9
22000
2000
[ ili pohranjenim gorivima ]
00:38
This is a problem.
10
26000
2000
[ to je problem ]
00:40
It impacts:
11
28000
2000
[ koji utječe na: ]
00:44
the spread of disease,
12
32000
2000
[ širenje bolesti ]
00:46
the storage of food and medicine
13
34000
3000
[skladištenje hrane i lijekova ]
00:49
and the quality of life.
14
37000
3000
[ i kvalitetu života ]
00:52
So here's the plan: inexpensive refrigeration that doesn't use electricity,
15
40000
3000
[ evo što predlažemo: jeftin rashladni sustav koji ne koristi struju ... ]
00:55
propane, gas, kerosene or consumables.
16
43000
5000
[ ... propan, benzin, kerozin ili potrošnu robu ]
01:00
Time for some thermodynamics.
17
48000
2000
[ vrijeme je za malo termodinamike ]
01:02
And the story of the Intermittent Absorption Refrigerator.
18
50000
3000
[ I priču o hladnjaku koji se bazira na povremenoj apsorpciji ]
01:05
Adam Grosser: So 29 years ago, I had this thermo teacher
19
53000
3000
Prije 29 godina slušao sam profesora termodinamike
01:09
who talked about absorption and refrigeration.
20
57000
1000
koji je govorio o apsorpciji i rashlađivanju.
01:10
It's one of those things that stuck in my head.
21
58000
2000
Bila je to jedna od stvari koje su mi se urezale u pamćenje.
01:12
It was a lot like the Stirling engine:
22
60000
1000
Prilično je nalikovala Stirlingovom stroju:
01:13
it was cool, but you didn't know what to do with it.
23
61000
2000
bila je fora, ali niste znali što biste s time.
01:16
And it was invented in 1858, by this guy Ferdinand Carre,
24
64000
3000
Izmislio ju je Ferdinand Carre 1858. godine,
01:19
but he couldn't actually build anything with it
25
67000
1000
ali nije mogao ništa izgraditi s njom
01:20
because of the tools of the time.
26
68000
3000
zbog alata koje je imao tada na raspolaganju.
01:23
This crazy Canadian named Powel Crosley
27
71000
3000
Onda je ludi Kanađanin po imenu Powell Crosley
01:27
commercialized this thing called the IcyBall in 1928,
28
75000
2000
1928. godine komercijalizirao nešto što je nazvao Icyball,
01:29
and it was a really neat idea,
29
77000
2000
i to je bila zbilja sjajna ideja,
01:31
and I'll get to why it didn't work,
30
79000
1000
objasnit ću kasnije zašto nije funkcionirala,
01:32
but here's how it works.
31
80000
1000
no, evo o čemu se radi.
01:34
There's two spheres and they're separated in distance.
32
82000
2000
Postoje dvije sfere, odvojene i udaljene jedna od druge.
01:36
One has a working fluid, water and ammonia,
33
84000
2000
U jednoj je radna tekućina, voda i amonijak,
01:39
and the other is a condenser.
34
87000
1000
a u drugoj je kondenzator.
01:40
You heat up one side, the hot side.
35
88000
2000
Zagrijete jednu stranu, vrelu stranu.
01:42
The ammonia evaporates
36
90000
1000
Amonijak ispari
01:43
and it re-condenses in the other side.
37
91000
2000
i ponovno se kondenzira s druge strane.
01:46
You let it cool to room temperature,
38
94000
1000
Pustite neka se ohladi na sobnu temperaturu,
01:47
and then, as the ammonia re-evaporates and combines with the water
39
95000
4000
i tada, dok amonijak ponovno isparava i miješa se s vodom
01:51
back on the erstwhile hot side,
40
99000
1000
na ranije vreloj strani,
01:52
it creates a powerful cooling effect.
41
100000
2000
stvara moćan učinak rashlađivanja.
01:55
So, it was a great idea that didn't work at all: it blew up.
42
103000
3000
Odlična ideja, ali nije funkcionirala. Sve je eksplodiralo.
01:58
Because using ammonia you get hugely high pressures
43
106000
5000
Zato što korištenjem amonijaka dobivate jako visoke tlakove
02:03
if you heated them wrong.
44
111000
1000
zagrijete li ga na krivi način.
02:04
It topped 400 psi. The ammonia was toxic. It sprayed everywhere.
45
112000
4000
Tlak je bio veći od 27 bara. Amonijak je bio otrovan. Špricao je posvuda.
02:08
But it was kind of an interesting thought.
46
116000
2000
Ipak, bila je to zanimljiva zamisao.
02:10
So, the great thing about 2006 is
47
118000
3000
I tako, dobro je što je 2006. godina
02:13
there's a lot of really great computational work you can do.
48
121000
3000
i što možemo puno toga napraviti računalima.
02:16
So, we got the whole thermodynamics department
49
124000
3000
Pa smo uključili čitav Odjel za termodinamiku
02:19
at Stanford involved --
50
127000
1000
sa Sveučilišta Stanford.
02:20
a lot of computational fluid dynamics.
51
128000
1000
Puno računanja dinamike fluida.
02:22
We proved that most of the ammonia refrigeration tables are wrong.
52
130000
3000
Dokazali smo da je većina tablica o rashlađivanjem amonijakom pogrešno.
02:25
We found some non-toxic refrigerants
53
133000
3000
Našli smo neke neotrovne rashlađivače
02:28
that worked at very low vapor pressures.
54
136000
1000
koji su funkcionirali na vrlo niskoj razini tlaka
02:29
Brought in a team from the U.K. --
55
137000
3000
Doveli smo i tim iz Velike Britanije
02:32
there's a lot of great refrigeration people,
56
140000
1000
ima puno stručnjaka za rashlađivanje,
02:33
it turned out, in the U.K. --
57
141000
2000
pokazalo se, u Velikoj Britaniji --
02:35
and built a test rig, and proved that, in fact,
58
143000
2000
sagradili smo probni model i dokazali kako, u stvari,
02:37
we could make a low pressure, non-toxic refrigerator.
59
145000
3000
možemo proizvesti niskotlačni, neotrovni hladnjak.
02:41
So, this is the way it works.
60
149000
1000
Evo kako funkcionira.
02:42
You put it on a cooking fire.
61
150000
1000
Stavite ga na vatru.
02:43
Most people have cooking fires in the world,
62
151000
2000
Većina ljudi u svijetu imaju vatru za kuhanje,
02:45
whether it's camel dung or wood.
63
153000
1000
bilo da koriste izmet deve ili drvo kao gorivo.
02:47
It heats up for about 30 minutes, cools for an hour.
64
155000
3000
Zagrijava se oko 30 minuta, hladi oko sat.
02:50
Put it into a container
65
158000
2000
Stavite ga u spremnik
02:53
and it will refrigerate for 24 hours.
66
161000
2000
i hladit će iduća 24 sata.
02:55
It looks like this. This is the fifth prototype. It's not quite done.
67
163000
3000
Izgleda ovako. Ovo je peti prototip. Nije baš posve završen.
02:59
Weighs about eight pounds, and this is the way it works.
68
167000
3000
Teži oko 3,6 kilograma i funkcionira ovako.
03:02
You put it into a 15-liter vessel, about three gallons,
69
170000
3000
Stavite ga u posudu od 15 litara,
03:06
and it'll cool it down to just above freezing --
70
174000
2000
i rashladit će ju na malo iznad točke smrzavanja,
03:08
three degrees above freezing --
71
176000
1000
otprilike tri stupnja,
03:10
for 24 hours in a 30 degree C environment. It's really cheap.
72
178000
3000
na 24 sata u okruženju temperature 30 Celzijusa. Zbilja je jeftin.
03:13
We think we can build these in high volumes for about 25 dollars,
73
181000
3000
Mislimo da ih možemo proizvoditi u velikim količinama za oko 25 dolara,
03:16
in low volumes for about 40 dollars.
74
184000
2000
u manjim količinama za 40 dolara.
03:18
And we think we can make refrigeration
75
186000
2000
I mislimo da možemo rashladne sustave
03:21
something that everybody can have.
76
189000
1000
učiniti dostupnima svima.
03:22
Thank you.
77
190000
1000
Hvala.
03:23
(Applause)
78
191000
3000
(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adam Grosser - Venture capitalistAdam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary.
Why you should listen
Adam Grosser is a venture capitalist, working with startups that are exploring new ideas in data communications, electronics and energy management. With a background in engineering and entertainment, he enjoys looking for opportunities that map over a few of his passions -- which also include greentech.
His passion for a sustainable solution to refrigeration -- for storing food and medicines -- led to the project he describes in his 2007 TEDTalk.
Adam Grosser | Speaker | TED.com