ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jason Fried - Software entrepreneur
Jason Fried thinks deeply about collaboration, productivity and the nature of work. He's the co-founder of 37signals, makers of Basecamp and other web-based collaboration tools, and co-author of "Rework."

Why you should listen

Jason Fried is the co-founder and president of 37signals , a Chicago-based company that builds web-based productivity tools that, in their words, "do less than the competition -- intentionally." 37signals' simple but powerful collaboration tools include Basecamp, Highrise, Backpack, Campfire, Ta-da List, and Writeboard. 37signals also developed and open-sourced the Ruby on Rails programming framework.

Fried is the co-author, with David Heinemeier Hansson, of the book Rework, about new ways to conceptualize working and creating. Salon's Scott Rosenberg called it "a minimalist manifesto that's profoundly practical. In a world where we all keep getting asked to do more with less, the authors show us how to do less and create more."

More profile about the speaker
Jason Fried | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxMidwest

Jason Fried: Why work doesn't happen at work

Jason Fried: Zakaj se delo ne odvija na delovnem mestu

Filmed:
5,877,382 views

Jason Fried predstavlja radikalno teorijo dela: pisarna ni primerno mesto za delo. Na TEDxMidwest je predstavil glavne probleme (in jih imenoval M&Ms) in ponudil tri možnosti, da bi delo postalo delo.
- Software entrepreneur
Jason Fried thinks deeply about collaboration, productivity and the nature of work. He's the co-founder of 37signals, makers of Basecamp and other web-based collaboration tools, and co-author of "Rework." Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
So I'm going to talk about work,
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Torej, govoril bom o delu,
00:17
specificallyposebej why people can't seemzdi se
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natančneje, zakaj ljudje ne morejo
00:19
to get work doneKončano at work,
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delati na delovnem mestu,
00:21
whichki is a problemproblem we all kindvrste of have.
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kar je težava, ki jo imamo vsi.
00:24
But let's, sortRazvrsti of, startZačni at the beginningzačetek.
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Naj začnem na začetku.
00:26
So we have companiespodjetja and non-profitsneprofitne organizacije and charitiesdobrodelne organizacije
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Pomislimo na podjetja, dobrodelne organizacije,
00:29
and all these groupsskupine
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nevladne organizacije, vse organizacije,
00:31
that have employeeszaposleni
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ki imajo zaposlene
00:33
or volunteersprostovoljci of some sortRazvrsti.
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ali prostovoljce.
00:35
And they expectpričakovati these people who work for them
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Organizacije pričakujejo, da bodo zaposleni
00:38
to do great work --
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odlično opravili delo --
00:40
I would hopeupanje, at leastvsaj.
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upam, da to pričakujejo.
00:42
At leastvsaj good work, hopefullyupajmo, at leastvsaj it's good work --
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Vsaj dobro opravili, upam, da vsaj to --
00:44
hopefullyupajmo great work.
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če se da, pa opravili odlično delo.
00:46
And so what they typicallyobičajno do is they decideodloči
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Organizacije se ponavadi odločijo,
00:48
that all these people need to come togetherskupaj in one placemesto
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da naj bodo zaposleni zbrani na enem mestu,
00:50
to do that work.
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medtem ko delajo.
00:52
So a companypodjetje, or a charitydobrodelnost, or an organizationorganizacija of any kindvrste,
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Podjetje, dobrodelna ustanova ali druga organizacija
00:55
they typicallyobičajno -- unlessrazen you're workingdelo in AfricaAfrika,
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torej pričakuje -- razen če ne delate v Afriki,
00:57
if you're really luckysrečen to do that --
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če imate to srečo seveda --
00:59
mostnajbolj people have to go to an officeurad everyvsak day.
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da bodo ljudje vsak dan prišli v pisarno.
01:01
And so these companiespodjetja,
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In zato podjetja
01:03
they buildzgraditi officesuradi.
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gradijo pisarniške prostore.
01:05
They go out and they buykupiti a buildingstavbe, or they rentnajem a buildingstavbe,
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Podjetje zgradi ali najame poslovno stavbo,
01:08
or they leasenajem some spaceprostor,
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ali pa poslovni prostor
01:10
and they fillizpolnite the spaceprostor with stuffstvari.
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in ga opremi.
01:13
They fillizpolnite it with tablestabele, or desksmize,
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Opremijo ga s pisalnimi mizami, stoli,
01:16
chairsstoli, computerračunalnik equipmentopremo,
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računalniki,
01:18
softwareprogramsko opremo,
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programsko opremo,
01:20
InternetInternet accessdostop,
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dostopom do interneta,
01:22
maybe a fridgehladilnik, maybe a fewmalo other things,
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morda hladilnikom, morda še s čim,
01:25
and they expectpričakovati theirnjihovi employeeszaposleni, or theirnjihovi volunteersprostovoljci,
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in pričakujejo da bodo zaposleni, ali prostovoljci,
01:27
to come to that locationlokacija everyvsak day to do great work.
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vsak dan prišli in opravili odlično delo.
01:30
It seemsZdi se like it's perfectlypopolnoma reasonablerazumno to askvprašajte that.
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Zdi se, da je taka zahteva razumna.
01:33
HoweverVendar, if you actuallydejansko talk to people
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Toda, ko povprašate ljudi,
01:35
and even questionvprašanje yourselfsami,
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in ko se zamislite
01:37
and you askvprašajte yourselfsami,
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in se vprašate, kje želite delati,
01:39
where do you really want to go when you really need to get something doneKončano?
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da resnično naredite zastavljeno,
01:42
You'llBoste find out that people don't say
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tedaj spoznate, da se ljudje
01:44
what businessespodjetja think they would say.
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ne strinjajo s podjetji.
01:46
If you askvprašajte people the questionvprašanje: where do you really need to go
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Kadar vprašate ljudi, kje želijo delati,
01:48
when you need to get something doneKončano?
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da bo delo narejeno,
01:50
TypicallyObičajno you get threetri differentdrugačen kindsvrste of answersodgovore.
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dobite tri tipične odgovore.
01:52
One is kindvrste of a placemesto or a locationlokacija or a roomsoba.
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Prvi omenja prostor, ali lokacijo ali sobo.
01:55
AnotherDrugo one is a movingpremikanje objectpredmet
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Drugi omenja transportno sredstvo.
01:57
and a thirdtretjino is a time.
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In tretji omenja čas dneva.
01:59
So here'sTukaj je some examplesprimeri.
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Na primer.
02:01
When I askvprašajte people -- and I've been askingsprašujem people this questionvprašanje for about 10 yearslet --
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Ko sprašujem ljudi, in taka vprašanja postavljam že deset let,
02:04
I askvprašajte them, "Where do you go when you really need to get something doneKončano?"
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jih vprašam: "Kam greste, kadar želite resnično nekaj narediti?"
02:06
I'll hearslišite things like, the porchveranda, the deckkrova,
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In slišim odgovore kot veranda, terasa,
02:09
the kitchenkuhinja.
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kuhinja.
02:11
I'll hearslišite things like an extraekstra roomsoba in the househiša,
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Slišim odgovore kot prazna soba v hiši,
02:13
the basementklet,
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klet,
02:15
the coffeekava shoptrgovina, the libraryknjižnica.
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kavarna, knjižnica.
02:18
And then you'llboš hearslišite things like the trainvlak,
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In potem slišim odgovore kot vlak,
02:21
a planeletalo, a caravto -- so, the commutevozi.
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letalo, avto -- prevozna sredstva torej.
02:24
And then you'llboš hearslišite people say,
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In nato slišim:
02:26
"Well, it doesn't really matterzadevo where I am,
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"Hja, niti ni pomembno kje sem,
02:28
as long as it's really earlyzgodaj in the morningjutro or really latepozen at night or on the weekendsvikendi."
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le da je to zgodaj zjutraj ali pozno zvečer ali med vikendi".
02:31
You almostskoraj never hearslišite someonenekdo say the officeurad.
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Skoraj nikdar pa ne slišim pisarna.
02:34
But businessespodjetja are spendingporaba all this moneydenar on this placemesto calledpozval the officeurad,
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Pa vendar podjetja zapravljajo denar za pisarne
02:37
and they're makingizdelavo people go to it all the time,
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in silijo ljudi, da v njih preživljajo delovnik,
02:39
yetše people don't do work in the officeurad.
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čeprav ljudje v pisarnah sploh ne delajo.
02:42
What is that about?
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Čemu smo priča?
02:44
Why is that?
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Zakaj je tako?
02:46
Why is that happeningdogaja?
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Zakaj se to dogaja?
02:49
And what you find out is that, if you digkopati a little bitbit deepergloblje,
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Ko pobrskate globlje ugotovite,
02:51
you find out that people --
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da ljudje --
02:53
this is what happensse zgodi --
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tole se zgodi:
02:55
people go to work,
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ljudje gredo na delo,
02:57
and they're basicallyv bistvu tradingtrgovanje in theirnjihovi workdaydelovni dan
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v resnici pa zamenjajo delovnik za
02:59
for a seriesserije of "work momentstrenutke."
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niz delovnih trenutkov.
03:01
That's what happensse zgodi at the officeurad.
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To se zgodi v pisarni.
03:03
You don't have a workdaydelovni dan anymoreveč. You have work momentstrenutke.
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Delovnik ne obstaja več, so samo še delovni trenutki.
03:05
It's like the frontspredaj doorvrata of the officeurad is like a CuisinartCUISINART,
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Kot da s prihodom v pisarno stopiš v mesoreznico
03:08
and you walkhodi in and your day is shreddedrazrezane to bitsbitov,
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in tvoj delovni dan je sesekljan v koščke,
03:10
because you have 15 minutesminut here and 30 minutesminut there,
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15 minut tukaj, 30 minut tam,
03:13
and then something elsedrugače happensse zgodi and you're pulledpotegnil off your work,
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in se zgodi nekaj novega in te odtegne delu,
03:15
and you've got to do something elsedrugače, then you have 20 minutesminut, then it's lunchkosilo.
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in moraš zopet postoriti nekaj drugega, pa imaš 20 minut za delo, in potem kosilo.
03:18
Then you have something elsedrugače to do.
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Potem je potrebno postoriti to in ono,
03:20
Then you've got 15 minutesminut, and someonenekdo pullspotegne you asideob strani and asksvpraša you this questionvprašanje,
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zopet dobiš 15 minut za delo in zopet te nekdo zmoti z vprašanjem.
03:23
and before you know it, it's 5 p.m.,
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In predno se zaveš je ura pet, popoldan,
03:26
and you look back on the day,
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pogled nazaj pa ti pokaže,
03:28
and you realizeuresničiti that you didn't get anything doneKončano.
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da nisi naredil ničesar.
03:30
I mean, we'vesmo all been throughskozi this.
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Vsi smo že doživeli to.
03:32
We probablyverjetno wentšla throughskozi it yesterdayvčeraj,
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Možno, da smo to doživeli včeraj,
03:34
or the day before, or the day before that.
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ali predvčerajšnjim, ali dan predtem.
03:36
You look back on your day, and you're like, I got nothing doneKončano todaydanes.
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Ozreš se nazaj na dan in ugotoviš, da nisi nič naredil.
03:39
I was at work.
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Bil sem v službi.
03:41
I satsedel at my deskmiza. I used my expensivedraga computerračunalnik.
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Lepo za pisalno mizo in za dragim računalnikom.
03:44
I used the softwareprogramsko opremo they told me to use.
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Delal sem s programsko opremo, ki so mi jo dali.
03:46
I wentšla to these meetingssrečanja I was askedvprašal to go to.
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Bil sem na sestankih, na katere sem bil vabljen.
03:49
I did these conferencekonferenca callsklice. I did all this stuffstvari.
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Imel sem konferenčne klice. Vse to sem delal.
03:51
But I didn't actuallydejansko do anything.
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V resnici pa nisem prav ničesar naredil.
03:54
I just did tasksnaloge.
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Samo delal sem.
03:56
I didn't actuallydejansko get meaningfulsmiselno work doneKončano.
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Vendar pa nisem delal smiselnih opravil.
03:58
And what you find is that, especiallyše posebej with creativeustvarjalno people --
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In tako ugotovitie, pravposebej pri kreativnih ljudeh,
04:01
designersoblikovalci, programmersprogramerji,
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dizajnerjih, programerjih,
04:03
writerspisatelji, engineersinženirji,
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pisateljih, inžinerjih,
04:05
thinkersmisleci --
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mislecih,
04:07
that people really need
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da ljudje resnično potrebujemo
04:09
long stretchesrazteza of uninterruptedneprekinjeno time to get something doneKončano.
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daljša, neprekinjena obdobja, da nekaj naredimo.
04:12
You cannotne morem askvprašajte somebodynekdo to be creativeustvarjalno in 15 minutesminut
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Ne morete zahtevati, da so ljudje ustvarjalni v 15 minutah
04:15
and really think about a problemproblem.
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in se resnično poglobijo v problem.
04:17
You mightmorda have a quickhitro ideaideja,
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Ideje lahko hitro dobimo, toda da celostno
04:19
but to be in deepgloboko thought about a problemproblem and really considerrazmislite a problemproblem carefullyskrbno,
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in celovito in skrbno pretehtamo problem
04:22
you need long stretchesrazteza of uninterruptedneprekinjeno time.
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potrebujemo daljša neprekinjena obdobja.
04:25
And even thoughčeprav the workdaydelovni dan is typicallyobičajno eightosem hoursure,
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Čeprav običajen delovni dan traja osem ur,
04:28
how manyveliko people here have ever had eightosem hoursure to themselvessami at the officeurad?
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je vprašanje koliko ljudi sploh ima teh osem ur mir za delo?
04:31
How about sevensedem hoursure?
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Jih imate sedem?
04:33
SixŠest? FivePet? FourŠtiri?
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Šest? Pet? Štiri?
04:36
When'sKo je the last time you had threetri hoursure to yourselfsami at the officeurad?
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Kdaj ste v pisarni nazadnje imeli tri ure miru za delo?
04:39
Two hoursure? One, maybe?
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Dve uri? Eno morda?
04:41
Very, very fewmalo people actuallydejansko have
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Izjemno malo ljudi ima v pisarni
04:43
long stretchesrazteza of uninterruptedneprekinjeno time at an officeurad.
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daljša neprekinjena obdobja za delo.
04:46
And this is why people chooseizberite to do work at home,
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In zato ljudje raje delajo doma,
04:49
or they mightmorda go to the officeurad,
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ali pa gredo v pisarno,
04:51
but they mightmorda go to the officeurad really earlyzgodaj in the day,
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vendar zgodaj zjutraj
04:53
or latepozen at night when no one'sena around,
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ali pozno zvečer ko ni nikogar,
04:55
or they stickpalico around after everyone'svsakogar left, or they go in on the weekendsvikendi,
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ali pa ostanejo, ko ni nikogar več, ali pridejo ob vikendih,
04:58
or they get work doneKončano on the planeletalo,
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ali pa delajo na letalu,
05:00
or they get work doneKončano in the caravto or in the trainvlak
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ali pa v avtomobilu ali na vlaku,
05:02
because there are no distractionsmotečih dejavnikov.
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ker jih tam nihče ne moti.
05:04
Now, there are differentdrugačen kindsvrste of distractionsmotečih dejavnikov,
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Obstaja več vrst motenj,
05:06
but there aren'tne the really badslab kindsvrste of distractionsmotečih dejavnikov
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tudi izjemno hude,
05:08
that I'll talk about in just a minuteminuto.
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ki jih bom v kratkem opisal.
05:10
And this sortRazvrsti of wholeceloto phenomenonfenomen
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Celoten pojav kratkih obdobij
05:12
of havingimeti shortkratek burstsporuši of time to get things doneKončano
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v katerih lahko delamo
05:14
remindsopozarja me of anotherdrugo thing
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me spominja na drugo dejavnost,
05:16
that doesn't work when you're interruptedprekinjen,
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ki ne deluje, če vas motijo.
05:18
and that is sleepspanje.
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To je spanje.
05:20
I think that sleepspanje and work are very closelytesno relatedpovezane,
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Menim, da sta spanje in delo tesno povezana.
05:22
and it's not just that you can work while you're sleepingspanje
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Ne samo tako, da ne morete delati kadar spite
05:24
and you can sleepspanje while you're workingdelo.
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in ne morete spati kadar delate.
05:26
That's not really what I mean.
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Nisem mislil tega.
05:28
I'm talkinggovoriti specificallyposebej about the factdejstvo
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Govorim o dejstvu,
05:30
that sleepspanje and work
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da sta spanje in delo
05:32
are phased-basedpostopoma temelji,
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fazni dejavnosti,
05:34
or stage-basedfazi temelji, eventsdogodki.
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dejavnosti s stopnjami.
05:37
So sleepspanje is about sleepspanje phasesfaze, or stagesfaze --
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Spanje ima tako več faz,
05:40
some people call them differentdrugačen things.
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ljudje jih poimenujejo različno.
05:42
There's fivepet of them,
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Teh faz je pet
05:44
and in orderred to get to the really deepgloboko onestiste, the really meaningfulsmiselno onestiste,
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in v globoke faze, v pravo spanje, vstopimo
05:47
you have to go throughskozi the earlyzgodaj onestiste.
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preko manj globokih.
05:49
And if you're interruptedprekinjen while you're going throughskozi the earlyzgodaj onestiste --
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Toda kar vas zmotijo v neki fazi,
05:51
if someonenekdo bumpsudarci you in bedpostelja,
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če se nekdo zaleti v posteljo,
05:53
or if there's a soundzvok, or whateverkarkoli happensse zgodi --
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ali vas zdrami zvok, ali kaj drugega,
05:56
you don't just pickpick up where you left off.
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potem ne morete preprosto nadeljevati s spanjem.
05:58
If you're interruptedprekinjen and wokenprebudila up,
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Prebudili ste se
06:00
you have to startZačni again.
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in začeti morate znova.
06:02
So you have to go back a fewmalo phasesfaze and startZačni again.
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In tako zopet začnete od začetka.
06:05
And what endskonča up happeningdogaja -- sometimesvčasih you mightmorda have daysdnevi like this
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Posledice tega so -- recimo, da se zbudite
06:07
where you wakezbudi se up at eightosem in the morningjutro, or sevensedem in the morningjutro,
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ob osmih zjutraj, ali ob sedmih, ali kadarkoli
06:09
or wheneverkadarkoli you get up,
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pač vstajate -- in ko vstanete
06:11
and you're like, man, I didn't really sleepspanje very well.
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ugotovite kako ste slabo spali.
06:13
I did the sleepspanje thing -- I wentšla to bedpostelja, I laidpoložen down --
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To sem izkusil -- šel sem spat, se ulegel --
06:16
but I didn't really sleepspanje.
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pa nisem spal.
06:18
People say you go to sleepspanje,
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Pravimo, da gremo spat
06:21
but you really don't go to sleepspanje, you go towardsproti sleepspanje.
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pa v resnici ne gremo, pač pa gremo proti spanju.
06:23
It just takes a while. You've got to go throughskozi these phasesfaze and stuffstvari,
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Traja nekaj časa; človek mora preiti več faz spanja.
06:26
and if you're interruptedprekinjen, you don't sleepspanje well.
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In kadar te prekinejo, ne spiš dobro.
06:28
So how do we expectpričakovati -- does anyonekdorkoli here expectpričakovati someonenekdo to sleepspanje well
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Kako lahko torej pričakujemo -- si kdo domišlja,
06:30
if they're interruptedprekinjen all night?
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da bo dobro spal, kadar ga motijo celo noč?
06:32
I don't think anyonekdorkoli would say yes.
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Mislim, da ne bo nihče pritrdil temu.
06:34
Why do we expectpričakovati people to work well
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Kako lahko torej pričakujemo, da bodo ljudje dobro delali,
06:36
if they're beingbiti interruptedprekinjen all day at the officeurad?
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če pa jih cel dan motimo?
06:38
How can we possiblymorda expectpričakovati people to do theirnjihovi jobdelo
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Kako lahko sploh pričakujemo, da bodo ljudje opravili svoj posel,
06:41
if they're going to the officeurad to be interruptedprekinjen?
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če pa jih v pisarni kar naprej motimo?
06:43
That doesn't really seemzdi se like it makesnaredi a lot of sensesmisel to me.
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To vse skupaj nima smisla.
06:46
So what are these interruptionsprekinitev that happense zgodi at the officeurad
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Kaj so potemtakem motnje, ki se dogajajo
06:48
that don't happense zgodi at other placesmesta?
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v pisarni drugje pa ne?
06:50
Because in other placesmesta, you can have interruptionsprekinitev,
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Motnje so prisotne povsod,
06:52
like, you can have the TVTV,
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npr. gledamo televizijo,
06:54
or you could go for a walkhodi,
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ali sprehod,
06:56
or there's a fridgehladilnik downstairsspodaj,
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ali pa do hladilnika,
06:58
or you've got your ownlastno couchKavč, or whateverkarkoli you want to do.
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ali na divan, ali kaj drugega.
07:01
And if you talk to certainnekateri managersvodje,
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Če vprašate menedžerje
07:03
they'lloni bodo tell you that they don't want theirnjihovi employeeszaposleni to work at home
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bodo rekli, da ne želijo, da ljudje delajo od doma
07:06
because of these distractionsmotečih dejavnikov.
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zaradi teh motenj.
07:08
They'llJih bomo alsotudi say --
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Dodali bodo še,
07:10
sometimesvčasih they'lloni bodo alsotudi say,
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no, včasih bodo rekli:
07:12
"Well, if I can't see the personoseba, how do I know they're workingdelo?"
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"Če ne vidim človeka, kako vem da dela?"
07:14
whichki is ridiculoussmešno, of courseseveda, but that's one of the excusesizgovori that managersvodje give.
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Kar je smešno, toda to so menedžerski izgovori.
07:17
And I'm one of these managersvodje.
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In sam sem izmed teh menedžerjev.
07:19
I understandrazumeti. I know how this goesgre.
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Vem kako to gre.
07:21
We all have to improveizboljšati on this sortRazvrsti of thing.
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Na tem področju se moramo izboljšati.
07:23
But oftentimesvelikokrat they'lloni bodo citecitirati distractionsmotečih dejavnikov.
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Toda pogosto bodo omenili motnje.
07:25
"I can't let someonenekdo work at home.
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"Ne smem dovoliti, da ljudje delajo od doma".
07:27
They'llJih bomo watch TVTV. They'llJih bomo do this other thing."
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"Gledali bodo TV. Počeli bodo druge stvari".
07:29
It turnszavrti out that those aren'tne the things that are really distractingmoteča.
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Izkaže se, da te motnje niso resnično moteče.
07:32
Because those are voluntaryprostovoljno distractionsmotečih dejavnikov.
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So namreč prostovoljne.
07:34
You decideodloči when you want to be distractedmoti by the TVTV.
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Človek se odloči, kdaj se bo zamotil s televizijo.
07:36
You decideodloči when you want to turnobrat something on.
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Odločiš se, kdaj boš nekaj vklopil.
07:38
You decideodloči when you want to go downstairsspodaj or go for a walkhodi.
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Odločiš še, kdaj boš šel v kuhinjo ali na sprehod.
07:41
At the officeurad, mostnajbolj of the interruptionsprekinitev and distractionsmotečih dejavnikov
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V pisarni pa je večina motenj in prekinitev,
07:43
that really causevzrok people not to get work doneKončano
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ki onemogočajo delo,
07:45
are involuntaryneprostovoljno.
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neprostovoljnih.
07:47
So let's go throughskozi a couplepar of those.
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Oglejmo si nekaj teh motenj.
07:50
Now, managersvodje and bossesšefi
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Menedžerji in šefi
07:52
will oftenpogosto have you think that the realresnično distractionsmotečih dejavnikov at work
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vas bodo prepričevali, da so resnične delovne motnje
07:55
are things like FacebookFacebook and TwitterCvrkutati
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stvari kot sta Facebook ali Twitter,
07:58
and YouTubeYouTube and other websitesspletne strani,
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ali YouTube ali druge spletne strani.
08:01
and in factdejstvo, they'lloni bodo go so fardaleč
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Dejansko bodo ukrepali drastično tako,
08:03
as to actuallydejansko banprepoved these sitesstrani at work.
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da bodo zaprli dostop do teh spletnih strani.
08:05
Some of you maylahko work at placesmesta where you can't get to these certainnekateri sitesstrani.
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Nekateri delate v podjetjih, kjer ne morete dostopati do teh spletnih strani.
08:08
I mean, is this ChinaKitajska? What the hellhudiča is going on here?
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Smo morda na Kitajskem? Kaj se dogaja?
08:11
You can't go to a websitespletno stran at work,
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V pisarni ne moreš dostopati do spletne strani,
08:13
and that's the problemproblem, that's why people aren'tne gettingpridobivanje work doneKončano,
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ker je ta vzrok, da ljudje ne opravijo dela,
08:15
because they're going to FacebookFacebook and they're going to TwitterCvrkutati?
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ker obiskujejo Facebook in Twitter?
08:17
That's kindvrste of ridiculoussmešno. It's a totalskupaj decoyvabo.
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To je smešno. To je prevara.
08:22
And today'sdanes FacebookFacebook and TwitterCvrkutati and YouTubeYouTube,
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Facebook, Twitter in YouTube
08:24
these things are just modern-daymoderni dan smokedim breaksodmori.
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so samo moderne čik-pavze.
08:27
No one caredskrbno about lettingdajanje v najem people take a smokedim breakodmor for 15 minutesminut
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Pred desetimi leti se nihče ni vzemirjal
08:29
10 yearslet agonazaj,
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zaradi 15 minutnega cigareta.
08:31
so why does everyonevsi carenego about someonenekdo going to FacebookFacebook here and there,
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Zakaj se torej vznemirjamo zaradi občasnega
08:33
or TwitterCvrkutati here and there, or YouTubeYouTube here and there?
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obiskovanja Facebooka, Twitterja ali YouTuba?
08:35
Those aren'tne the realresnično problemstežave in the officeurad.
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To niso pravi problemi dela v pisarni.
08:38
The realresnično problemstežave are what I like to call
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Prave probleme imenujem
08:40
the M&MsMS,
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M&M,
08:42
the ManagersUpravljavci and the MeetingsSrečanja.
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menedžerji in sestanki.
08:44
Those are the realresnično problemstežave in the modernmoderno officeurad todaydanes.
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To so pravi problemi dela v pisarni.
08:47
And this is why things don't get doneKončano at work --
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In to so razlogi, zakaj v pisarni ne moremo delati,
08:50
it's because of the M&MsMS.
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zaradi M&M.
08:52
Now what's interestingzanimivo is,
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Zanimivo je, da na mestih
08:54
if you listen to all the placesmesta that people talk about doing work --
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kjer so ljudje produktivni,
08:57
like at home, or in a caravto, or on a planeletalo,
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npr. doma, v avtu, na letalu,
08:59
or latepozen at night, or earlyzgodaj in the morningjutro --
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ali ponoči, ali zgodaj zjutraj,
09:01
you don't find managersvodje and meetingssrečanja.
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ni menedžerjev in sestankov.
09:03
You find a lot of other distractionsmotečih dejavnikov, but you don't find managersvodje and meetingssrečanja.
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Še vedno so prisotne motnje, ni pa menedžerjev in sestankov.
09:06
So these are the things that you don't find elsewheredrugje,
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To sta torej motnji, ki ju drugje ni,
09:09
but you do find at the officeurad.
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v pisarni pa sta.
09:12
And managersvodje are basicallyv bistvu people
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Bistvena naloga menedžerjev je,
09:14
whosečigar jobdelo it is to interruptprekiniti people.
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da motijo ljudi.
09:16
That's prettylepa much what managersvodje are for. They're for interruptingprekinitev people.
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To je njihov smisel, da motijo ljudi.
09:19
They don't really do the work,
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V resnici ne delajo,
09:21
so they have to make sure everyonevsi elsedrugače is doing the work, whichki is an interruptionprekinitev.
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zato morajo poskrbeti, da delajo drugi, to pa je motnja.
09:24
And we have a lot of managersvodje in the worldsvet now,
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In danes je na svetu veliko menedžerjev.
09:26
and there's a lot of people in the worldsvet now,
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In veliko ljudi.
09:28
and there's a lot of interruptionsprekinitev in the worldsvet now because of these managersvodje.
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In zato je na svetu veliko motenj.
09:30
They have to checkpreveri in: "Hey, how'skako je it going?
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Menedžerji preverjajo:"Zdravo, kako gre?"
09:32
ShowPrikaži me what's up," and this sortRazvrsti of thing
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"Pokaži mi, kaj počneš," in podobne fraze.
09:34
and they keep interruptingprekinitev you at the wrongnarobe time,
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Tako motijo ljudi, medtem ko ti poskušajo
09:36
while you're actuallydejansko tryingposkušam to do something they're payingplačilo you to do,
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narediti to za kar so plačani.
09:39
they tendnagibati se to interruptprekiniti you.
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Menedžerji pa jih motijo.
09:41
That's kindvrste of badslab.
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To je slabo.
09:43
But what's even worseslabše is the thing that managersvodje do mostnajbolj of all,
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Še slabša je druga menedžerska razvada,
09:46
whichki is call meetingssrečanja.
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to je sestankovanje.
09:48
And meetingssrečanja are just toxicstrupeno,
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Sestanki so strupeni,
09:50
terriblegrozno, poisonousstrupen things
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grozni, strupeni trenutki
09:53
duringmed the day at work.
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v delovnem dnevu.
09:55
We all know this to be trueresnično,
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Vsi vemo, da to drži.
09:58
and you would never see a spontaneousspontano meetingsrečanje calledpozval by employeeszaposleni.
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Zaposleni nikdar ne skličejo sestanka.
10:00
It doesn't work that way.
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To preprosto ne deluje.
10:02
The managermanager callsklice the meetingsrečanje
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Menedžerji sklicujejo sestanke,
10:04
so the employeeszaposleni can all come togetherskupaj,
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da se dobijo z zaposlenimi,
10:06
and it's an incrediblyneverjetno disruptivemoteče thing to do to people --
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kar je izredno moteče.
10:08
is to say, "Hey look,
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Oznanijo: "Imeli bomo sestanek
10:10
we're going to bringprinesi 10 people togetherskupaj right now and have a meetingsrečanje.
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desetih ljudi takoj zdaj".
10:13
I don't carenego what you're doing.
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"Ne zanima me, kaj počneš,
10:15
Just, you've got to stop doing what you're doing, so you can have this meetingsrečanje."
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prekini z delom in pridi na sestanek".
10:18
I mean, what are the chancesmožnosti that all 10 people are readypripravljen to stop?
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Kakšna je verjetnost, da vseh deset ljudi ravno končuje z delom?
10:21
What if they're thinkingrazmišljanje about something importantpomembno?
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Kaj če razmišljajo o čem važnem?
10:23
What if they're doing importantpomembno work?
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Kaj če delajo kaj pomembenga?
10:25
All of a suddennenadoma you're tellingpovedal them that they have to stop doing that
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Toda nenadoma jih prekinemo zato,
10:27
to do something elsedrugače.
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da počno nekaj drugega.
10:29
So they go into a meetingsrečanje roomsoba, they get togetherskupaj,
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Sestanejo se torej v konferenčni sobi
10:32
and they talk about stuffstvari that doesn't really matterzadevo usuallyobičajno.
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in premlevajo zadeve, ki jih ne zanimajo.
10:35
Because meetingssrečanja aren'tne work.
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Ker sestanki niso delo.
10:37
MeetingsSrečanja are placesmesta to go to talk about things you're supposeddomnevno to be doing laterpozneje.
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Sestanki so srečanja na katerih se pogovarjaš o prihodnjem delu.
10:40
But meetingssrečanja alsotudi procreateposekati.
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Toda sestanki se tudi množijo.
10:42
So one meetingsrečanje tendstežava to leadsvinec to anotherdrugo meetingsrečanje
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Začetnemu sestanku sledi drugi,
10:44
and tendstežava to leadsvinec to anotherdrugo meetingsrečanje.
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temu pa tretji.
10:46
There's oftenpogosto too manyveliko people in the meetingssrečanja,
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Pogosto je na sestankih preveč ljudi,
10:48
and they're very, very expensivedraga to the organizationorganizacija.
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kar je zelo drago za podjetje.
10:51
CompaniesPodjetja oftenpogosto think of a one-houreno uro meetingsrečanje as a one-houreno uro meetingsrečanje,
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Čeprav menimo, da enourni sestanek vzame eno uro,
10:54
but that's not trueresnično, unlessrazen there's only one personoseba in that meetingsrečanje.
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pa to ni res, razen kadar je na sestanku en sam človek.
10:57
If there are 10 people in the meetingsrečanje, it's a 10-hour-Čas meetingsrečanje; it's not a one-houreno uro meetingsrečanje.
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Če je tam deset ljudi, potem je to deseturni sestanek, ne enourni.
11:00
It's 10 hoursure of productivityproduktivnost takensprejeti from the restpočitek of the organizationorganizacija
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Deset ur dela je bilo odvzetega podjetju
11:03
to have this one one-houreno uro meetingsrečanje,
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za enourni sestanek.
11:05
whichki probablyverjetno should have been handledravnati by two or threetri people
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Ki bi ga verjetno morala opraviti dva človeka
11:08
talkinggovoriti for a fewmalo minutesminut.
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v nekaj minutah.
11:10
But insteadnamesto tega, there's a long scheduledTabela meetingsrečanje,
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Toda namesto tega imamo dolge sestanke,
11:12
because meetingssrečanja are scheduledTabela the way softwareprogramsko opremo worksdela,
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ker so sestanki načrtovani kot določajo programska orodja.
11:15
whichki is in incrementskorakih of 15 minutesminut, or 30 minutesminut, or an houruro.
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To pomeni v korakih po 15 minut, 30 minut ali eno uro.
11:18
You don't scheduleurnik an eight-hourosem ur meetingsrečanje with OutlookOutlook.
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V Outlooku ne morete sklicati 8-minutnega sestanka.
11:20
You can't. I don't even know if you can.
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Ne morete.
11:22
You can go 15 minutesminut or 30 minutesminut or 45 minutesminut or an houruro.
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Lahko naredite 15 minutni, 30, 45 minutni ali enourni sestanek.
11:25
And so we tendnagibati se to fillizpolnite these timeskrat up
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To nas nagiba, da zapolnimo celoten čas sestanka,
11:27
when things should really go really quicklyhitro.
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čeprav bi se stvari lahko odvile zelo hitro.
11:29
So meetingssrečanja and managersvodje are two majorMajor problemstežave in businessespodjetja todaydanes,
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Tako so sestanki in menedžerji glavni problem v poslovanju,
11:32
especiallyše posebej to officesuradi.
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posebej glede dela v pisarnah.
11:34
These things don't existobstajajo outsidezunaj of the officeurad.
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Ti dve motnji ne obstajata izven pisarne.
11:37
So I have some suggestionspredloge
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Zato predlagam nekaj zdravil
11:39
to remedypravno sredstvo the situationsituacija.
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za trenutno stanje.
11:42
What can managersvodje do --
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Kaj lahko menedžerji storijo --
11:44
enlightenedrazsvetljeni managersvodje, hopefullyupajmo --
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razsvetljeni menedžerji --
11:46
what can they do to make the officeurad a better placemesto for people to work,
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kar lahko storijo za izboljšanje delovnih pogojev,
11:49
so it's not the last resortresort, but it's the first resortresort?
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da postane pisarna prva in ne zadnja izbira,
11:52
It's that people startZačni to say,
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da bi ljudje začeli govoriti
11:54
"When I really want to get stuffstvari doneKončano, I go to the officeurad."
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"Ko želim kaj narediti, grem v pisarno?"
11:56
Because the officesuradi are well equippedopremljeni,
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Ker pisarne so popolno opremljene,
11:58
everything should be there for them to do theirnjihovi work,
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vse imamo pri roki za delo,
12:00
but they don't want to go there right now, so how do we changesprememba that?
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pa vseeno ne gremo delat v pisarno. Kako bomo to spremenili?
12:03
I have threetri suggestionspredloge I'll sharedeliti with you guys.
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Z vami bom podelil tri predloge.
12:05
I have about threetri minutesminut, so that'llto bo fitfit perfectlypopolnoma.
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Ostanejo mi še tri minute, ravno prav.
12:08
We'veSmo all heardslišal of the casualcasual FridayPetek thing.
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Vsi smo že slišali za Sproščeni petek.
12:11
I don't know if people still do that.
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Ne vem, če ljudje to še počno.
12:13
But how about "no-talkne govori ThursdaysČetrtkih?"
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Kaj pa "Ne govori četrtek"?
12:16
How about --
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Kaj pa --
12:18
pickpick one ThursdayČetrtek onceenkrat a monthmesec
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izberite en četrtek v mesecu,
12:20
and cutcut that day in halfpol and just say the afternoonpopoldne -- I'll make it really easyenostavno for you.
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ga razdelite na pol in določite popoldan -- res vam bom poenostavil.
12:23
So just the afternoonpopoldne, one ThursdayČetrtek.
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Torej eno popoldne, en četrtek.
12:25
The first ThursdayČetrtek of the monthmesec -- just the afternoonpopoldne --
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Prvi četrtek v mesecu, zgolj popoldan,
12:27
nobodynihče in the officeurad can talk to eachvsak other.
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se v pisarnah ne smemo pogovarjati.
12:29
Just silencetišina, that's it.
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Zgolj tišina, tako.
12:31
And what you'llboš find
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Ugotovili boste,
12:33
is that a tremendousizjemno amountznesek of work actuallydejansko getsdobi doneKončano
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da naredite ogromno.
12:35
when no one talkspogovori to eachvsak other.
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ko se ne pogovarjate.
12:37
This is when people actuallydejansko get stuffstvari doneKončano,
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Ljudje naredijo stvari,
12:39
is when no one'sena botheringmoti them, when no one'sena interruptingprekinitev them.
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ko jih nihče ne moti, jih ne prekinja.
12:41
And you can give someonenekdo -- givingdajanje someonenekdo fourštiri hoursure of uninterruptedneprekinjeno time
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Ko nekomu podarite štiri ure, ki jih porabi samo za delo,
12:44
is the bestnajboljši giftdarilo you can give anybodykdorkoli at work.
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je to največ, kar mu lahko podarite v službi.
12:46
It's better than a computerračunalnik.
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To je več kot računalnik.
12:48
It's better than a newnovo monitormonitor. It's better than newnovo softwareprogramsko opremo,
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Je bolje kot nov monitor. Je bolje kot nov program,
12:51
or whateverkarkoli people typicallyobičajno use.
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ali kaj drugega kar ljudje uporabljamo.
12:53
GivingDaje them fourštiri hoursure of quiettih time at the officeurad
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Štiri ure miru in tišine v pisarni
12:55
is going to be incrediblyneverjetno valuabledragocen.
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ima neznansko vrednost.
12:57
And if you try that, I think you'llboš find that you agreese strinjam.
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Če to poskusite, se boste strinjali z menoj.
12:59
And maybe, hopefullyupajmo you can do it more oftenpogosto.
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Morda, upam da boste to lahko večkrat počeli.
13:01
So maybe it's everyvsak other weekteden,
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Mogoče vsak drugi teden,
13:03
or everyvsak weekteden, onceenkrat a weekteden,
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ali vsak teden, enkrat tedensko,
13:05
afternoonspopoldne no one can talk to eachvsak other.
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se ob popoldnevih ne sme nihče pogovarjati,
13:07
That's something that you'llboš find will really, really work.
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Ugotovili boste, da resnično deluje.
13:10
AnotherDrugo thing you can try
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Poskusite lahko tudi
13:12
is switchingpreklop from activeaktiven
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presedlati iz
13:14
communicationkomunikacija and collaborationsodelovanje,
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aktivne komunikacije in sodelovanja,
13:16
whichki is like face-to-faceiz oči v oči stuffstvari,
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npr. osebnih stikov,
13:18
tappingtapping people on the shoulderramo, sayinggovoriti hiŽivjo to them, havingimeti meetingssrečanja,
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trpeljanja po ramenih, pozdravljanja, sestankovanja,
13:21
and replacezamenjati that with more passivepasivno modelsmodeli of communicationkomunikacija,
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na bolj pasivne modele komunikacije npr.
13:23
usinguporabo things like emailE-naslov and instanttakoj messagingsporočila,
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elektronsko pošto ali hipno sporočanje
13:26
or collaborationsodelovanje productsizdelkov -- things like that.
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ali platforme skupinskega dela.
13:29
Now some people mightmorda say emailE-naslov is really distractingmoteča
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Nekateri ljudje menijo, da je elektronska pošta moteča
13:32
and I.M. is really distractingmoteča,
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in da je hipno sporočanje resnično moteče,
13:34
and these other things are really distractingmoteča,
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ter da so tudi ostale stvari resnično moteče,
13:36
but they're distractingmoteča at a time of your ownlastno choiceizbira and your ownlastno choosingizbira.
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vendar so moteče kadar vi želite.
13:39
You can quitprenehati the emailE-naslov appapp; you can't quitprenehati your bossšef.
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Elektronsko pošto lahko izključite, ne morete pa izključiti šefa.
13:42
You can quitprenehati I.M.;
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Lahko izključite hipno sporočanje,
13:44
you can't hideskriti your managermanager.
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ne pa svojega menedžerja.
13:46
You can put these things away,
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Vse te stvari lahko odstranite
13:48
and then you can be interruptedprekinjen on your ownlastno scheduleurnik, at your ownlastno time,
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in se tako odločite kdaj vas lahko motijo,
13:51
when you're availablena voljo, when you're readypripravljen to go again.
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kdaj ste na voljo, kdaj ste pripravljeni delati.
13:53
Because work, like sleepspanje, happensse zgodi in phasesfaze.
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Ker delo se, tako kot spanje, odvija v fazah.
13:56
So you're going to be kindvrste of going up and doing some work,
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Tako se recimo lotiš nekega dela,
13:58
and then you're going to come down from that work,
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ga dokončaš in potem pregledaš
14:00
and then maybe it's time to checkpreveri that emailE-naslov, or checkpreveri that I.M.
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elektronsko pošto, ali preveriš hipno sporočanje.
14:02
And there are very, very fewmalo things that are that urgentnujno
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Konec koncev je izjemno malo stvari,
14:05
that need to happense zgodi, that need to be answeredodgovoril right this seconddrugič.
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ki so nujne, na katere moramo takoj odgovoriti.
14:08
So if you're a managermanager,
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Če ste torej menedžer,
14:10
startZačni encouragingspodbujanje people to use more things like I.M. and emailE-naslov
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spodbujajte ljudi, da bi več uporabljali elektronsko pošto
14:12
and other things that someonenekdo elsedrugače can put away
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in ostale načine, ki drugim omogočajo
14:14
and then get back to you on theirnjihovi ownlastno scheduleurnik.
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komunikacijo v skladu z njihovim urnikom.
14:16
And the last suggestionpredlog I have
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Moje zadnje priporočilo je,
14:19
is that, if you do have a meetingsrečanje comingprihajajo up,
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da naslednji sestanek,
14:22
if you have the powermoč,
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če je to v vaši moči,
14:24
just cancelPrekliči. Just cancelPrekliči that nextNaslednji meetingsrečanje.
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odpoveste. Enostavno ga odpoveste.
14:28
Today'sDanašnji FridayPetek -- so MondayPonedeljek, usuallyobičajno people have meetingssrečanja on MondayPonedeljek.
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Danes je petek -- torej v ponedeljek, ko je navadno dan za sestanke.
14:30
Just don't have it.
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Enostavno ga odpovejte.
14:32
I don't mean movePremakni se it;
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Ne mislim premaknite,
14:34
I mean just eraseizbrisati it from memoryspomin, it's goneizginil.
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pač pa ga izbrišite iz spomina.
14:36
And you'llboš find out that everything will be just fine.
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Ugotovili boste, da je čisto v redu.
14:39
All these discussionsrazprave and decisionsodločitve you thought you had to make
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Vse razprave in odločitve, za katere menite, da so nujne
14:41
at this one time at 9 a.m. on MondayPonedeljek,
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ob 9:00 v ponedeljek zjutraj --
14:43
just forgetpozabi about them, and things will be just fine.
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pozabite na njih in vse bo v redu.
14:45
People have a more openodprto morningjutro, they can actuallydejansko think,
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Ljudje bodo imeli bolj sproščeno jutro in bodo razmišljali.
14:48
and you'llboš find out that maybe all these things you thought you had to do,
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Ugotovili boste, da opravila, ki naj bi bila nujna,
14:50
you don't actuallydejansko have to do.
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sploh niso taka.
14:52
So those are just threetri quickhitro suggestionspredloge I wanted to give you guys
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To so torej trije nasveti, ki sem vam jih želel dati
14:54
to think about this.
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za razmislek.
14:56
And I hopeupanje that some of these ideasideje
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Upam, da bo kakšna ideja
14:58
were at leastvsaj provocativeprovokativen enoughdovolj
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dovolj provokativna
15:00
for managersvodje and bossesšefi and businessposlovanje ownerslastniki
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za menedžerje in šefe in lastnike
15:02
and organizersOrganizatorji and people who are in chargeobtožiti of other people
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in organizatorje in ljudi, ki vodijo druge ljudi,
15:05
to think about layingpolaganje off a little bitbit
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da bodo malo popustili
15:07
and givingdajanje people some more time to get some work doneKončano.
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in dali ljudem več časa za delo.
15:09
And I think it'llto bo all payplačati off in the endkonec.
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Menim, da se to na koncu splača.
15:11
So thankshvala for listeningposlušanje.
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Hvala.
15:13
(ApplauseAplavz)
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(Aplavz)
Translated by Rok Preseren
Reviewed by Tilen Pigac - EFZG

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jason Fried - Software entrepreneur
Jason Fried thinks deeply about collaboration, productivity and the nature of work. He's the co-founder of 37signals, makers of Basecamp and other web-based collaboration tools, and co-author of "Rework."

Why you should listen

Jason Fried is the co-founder and president of 37signals , a Chicago-based company that builds web-based productivity tools that, in their words, "do less than the competition -- intentionally." 37signals' simple but powerful collaboration tools include Basecamp, Highrise, Backpack, Campfire, Ta-da List, and Writeboard. 37signals also developed and open-sourced the Ruby on Rails programming framework.

Fried is the co-author, with David Heinemeier Hansson, of the book Rework, about new ways to conceptualize working and creating. Salon's Scott Rosenberg called it "a minimalist manifesto that's profoundly practical. In a world where we all keep getting asked to do more with less, the authors show us how to do less and create more."

More profile about the speaker
Jason Fried | Speaker | TED.com