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Sandrine Thuret: You can grow new brain cells. Here's how
Sandrine Thuret: Ju mund te rritni qeliza te reja te trurit. Ja se si
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A mundemi, ne si te rritur, te rrisim neurone te reja? Neuroshkenctarja Sandrine Thuret thote qe ne si te rritur mundemi, dhe ofron hulumtimin dhe jep keshilla qe mund te perdoren se si mundemi te ndihmojme trurin tone duke zhvilluar neurogjenezen--duke permiresuar humorin, duke rritur formimin e kujteses dhe duke parandaluar lodhjen qe vjen me plakjen.
Sandrine Thuret - Neural stem cell researcher
Sandrine Thuret studies the way adult brains create new nerve cells in the hippocampus -- a brain area involved in memory and mood. Full bio
Sandrine Thuret studies the way adult brains create new nerve cells in the hippocampus -- a brain area involved in memory and mood. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Can we, as adults, grow new nerve cells?
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A mundemi ne, si të rritur, të prodhojme
qeliza të reja nervore?
qeliza të reja nervore?
00:19
There's still some confusion
about that question,
about that question,
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Ka ende paqartesi rreth kësaj pyetje,
00:22
as this is a fairly new field of research.
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pasi kjo është një fushë mjaft
e re e hulumtimit.
e re e hulumtimit.
00:25
For example, I was talking
to one of my colleagues, Robert,
to one of my colleagues, Robert,
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Për shembull, isha duke folur me një
nga kolegët e mi, Robertin,
nga kolegët e mi, Robertin,
00:28
who is an oncologist,
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një onkologjist,
00:30
and he was telling me,
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dhe ai më tha,
00:32
"Sandrine, this is puzzling.
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"Sandrine, është misterioze.
00:33
Some of my patients that have been told
they are cured of their cancer
they are cured of their cancer
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Disa nga pacienteve te mi që u është thënë
së janë shëruar nga kanceri i tyre
së janë shëruar nga kanceri i tyre
00:38
still develop symptoms of depression."
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ende tregojnë shenja të depresionit."
00:41
And I responded to him,
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Dhe unë i'u përgjigja atij:
00:42
"Well, from my point of view
that makes sense.
that makes sense.
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Nga pikëpamja ime eshte e kuptueshme.
00:45
The drug you give to your patients
that stops the cancer cells multiplying
that stops the cancer cells multiplying
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Trajtimi i pacientëve me ilace, që
parandalojne shumimin e qelizave kanceroze
parandalojne shumimin e qelizave kanceroze
00:49
also stops the newborn neurons
being generated in their brain."
being generated in their brain."
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gjithashtu ndalon që të zhvillohen
dhe neuronet e reja në trurin e tyre."
dhe neuronet e reja në trurin e tyre."
00:55
And then Robert looked at me
like I was crazy and said,
like I was crazy and said,
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Roberti më pa si të isha e çmendur
dhe më tha,
dhe më tha,
00:58
"But Sandrine, these are adult patients --
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"Shiko Sandrine, këta janë
pacientë të rritur
pacientë të rritur
01:00
adults do not grow new nerve cells."
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të rriturit nuk zhvillojnë
qeliza të reja nervore."
qeliza të reja nervore."
01:04
And much to his surprise, I said,
"Well actually, we do."
"Well actually, we do."
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Edhe pse shumë e habitur, i thashe,
"Ne të vërtete, mundemi."
"Ne të vërtete, mundemi."
01:09
And this is a phenomenon
that we call neurogenesis.
that we call neurogenesis.
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Dhe ky është një fenomen
që ne e quajmë neurogjeneza.
që ne e quajmë neurogjeneza.
01:13
[Neurogenesis]
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[Neurogjeneza]
01:15
Now Robert is not a neuroscientist,
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Roberti nuk është neuroshkenctar,
01:18
and when he went to medical school
he was not taught what we know now --
he was not taught what we know now --
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dhe ateherë ne shkollen e mjekesise nuk
i kane mesuar cka mesohet tani --
i kane mesuar cka mesohet tani --
01:23
that the adult brain
can generate new nerve cells.
can generate new nerve cells.
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qe truri i nje te rrituri mund
te prodhoje qeliza te reja nervore.
te prodhoje qeliza te reja nervore.
01:29
So Robert, you know,
being the good doctor that he is,
being the good doctor that he is,
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Keshtu qe Roberti, nje
doktor i mire qe eshte,
doktor i mire qe eshte,
01:33
wanted to come to my lab
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deshironte te vinte tek
laboratori im
laboratori im
01:35
to understand the topic
a little bit better.
a little bit better.
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qe te kuptonte me mire se per cka
e kisha fjalen.
e kisha fjalen.
01:38
And I took him for a tour
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Dhe i bera nje udhetim
01:41
of one of the most exciting
parts of the brain
parts of the brain
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ne nje nga pjeset me ngacmuese te trurit
01:44
when it comes to neurogenesis --
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persa i perket neurogjenezes --
01:46
and this is the hippocampus.
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dhe kjo eshte pjesa e trurit hipokampus.
01:49
So this is this gray structure
in the center of the brain.
in the center of the brain.
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Kjo eshte struktura ngjyre hiri
ne qender te trurit.
ne qender te trurit.
01:53
And what we've known already
for very long,
for very long,
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Dhe meqe e dime kete fakt
prej shume kohesh,
prej shume kohesh,
01:56
is that this is important for learning,
memory, mood and emotion.
memory, mood and emotion.
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ajo eshte pergjegjese per te nxenet,
kujtesen, humorin, dhe emocionet.
kujtesen, humorin, dhe emocionet.
02:01
However, what we
have learned more recently
have learned more recently
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Sidoqofte, cka kemi zbuluar se fundmi
02:04
is that this is one of the unique
structures of the adult brain
structures of the adult brain
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eshte qe kjo eshte nje nder pjeset unike
ne trurin e te rriturit
ne trurin e te rriturit
02:09
where new neurons can be generated.
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ku mund te zhvillohen neuronet e reja.
02:12
And if we slice through the hippocampus
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Dhe nese e presim hipokampusin
02:14
and zoom in,
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dhe e zmadhojme,
02:16
what you actually see here in blue
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atehere ajo qe shihet ketu pjesa e kaltert
02:18
is a newborn neuron
in an adult mouse brain.
in an adult mouse brain.
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eshte nje neuron i ri
ne nje tru miu te rritur.
ne nje tru miu te rritur.
02:24
So when it comes to the human brain --
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Por kur bie fjala te truri i njeriut --
02:27
my colleague Jonas Frisén
from the Karolinska Institutet,
from the Karolinska Institutet,
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kolegu im Jonas Frisén
nga Instituti Karolinska,
nga Instituti Karolinska,
02:31
has estimated that we produce
700 new neurons per day
700 new neurons per day
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ka vleresuar se ne prodhojme rreth
700 neurone te reja cdo dite
700 neurone te reja cdo dite
02:37
in the hippocampus.
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ne hipokampus.
02:39
You might think this is not much,
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Mund te mendoni se nuk eshte shume,
02:40
compared to the billions
of neurons we have.
of neurons we have.
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duke i krahasuar me miliarda neurone
qe i kemi.
qe i kemi.
02:43
But by the time we turn 50,
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Por kur arrin moshen 50 vjec,
02:46
we will have all exchanged the neurons
we were born with in that structure
we were born with in that structure
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te gjitha neuronet me te cilat
kemi lindur, do te jene zevendesuar
kemi lindur, do te jene zevendesuar
02:51
with adult-born neurons.
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me neurone te te rriturve.
02:55
So why are these new neurons important
and what are their functions?
and what are their functions?
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Pse keto neurone te reja jane
te rendesishme dhe si funksionojne ato?
te rendesishme dhe si funksionojne ato?
03:01
First, we know that they're important
for learning and memory.
for learning and memory.
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Se pari, e dime qe ato jane te rendesishme
per te mesuarit dhe kujtesen.
per te mesuarit dhe kujtesen.
03:05
And in the lab we have shown
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Dhe ne laboratorin qe u tregua
03:06
that if we block the ability
of the adult brain
of the adult brain
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qe nese e pengojme aftesine
e nje truri te rritur
e nje truri te rritur
03:09
to produce new neurons in the hippocampus,
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te prodhoje neurone te reja
ne hipokampus,
ne hipokampus,
03:12
then we block certain memory abilities.
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atehere ne bllokojme disa
aftesi te kujteses.
aftesi te kujteses.
03:15
And this is especially new and true
for spatial recognition --
for spatial recognition --
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Kjo eshte vecanerisht e vertete dhe e re,
per orientimin tre dimensional --
per orientimin tre dimensional --
03:22
so like, how you navigate
your way in the city.
your way in the city.
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si pershembull, se si e drejtoni
veten ne qytet.
veten ne qytet.
03:26
We are still learning a lot,
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Ne jemi ende duke mesuar
shume gjera,
shume gjera,
03:27
and neurons are not only important
for memory capacity,
for memory capacity,
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dhe neuronet nuk jane te rendesishme vetem
per kapacitetin e kujteses,
per kapacitetin e kujteses,
03:30
but also for the quality of the memory.
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por jane gjithashtu edhe per cilesine
te kujteses.
te kujteses.
03:33
And they will have been helpful
to add time to our memory
to add time to our memory
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Dhe do te kishin qene te dobishem
te shtojne kohe ne kujtesen tone
te shtojne kohe ne kujtesen tone
03:37
and they will help differentiate
very similar memories, like:
very similar memories, like:
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do te ndihmojne te bejne dallimin
e kujtimeve te ngjashme, si:
e kujtimeve te ngjashme, si:
03:42
how do you find your bike
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si te gjeni biçikleten
03:44
that you park at the station
every day in the same area,
every day in the same area,
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qe e keni parkuar cdo dite ne
te njejten zone,
te njejten zone,
03:48
but in a slightly different position?
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por ne nje pozicion pak me te ndryshem?
03:52
And more interesting
to my colleague Robert
to my colleague Robert
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Dhe me interesante per kolegun tim Robert
03:54
is the research we have been doing
on neurogenesis and depression.
on neurogenesis and depression.
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eshte hulumtimi qe jemi duke bere
mbi neurogjenezen dhe depresionin.
mbi neurogjenezen dhe depresionin.
04:00
So in an animal model of depression,
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Ne nje model kafshe me depresion,
04:01
we have seen that we have
a lower level of neurogenesis.
a lower level of neurogenesis.
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kemi pare qe kemi nivel me te vogel
te neurogjenezes.
te neurogjenezes.
04:06
And if we give antidepressants,
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Dhe nese i japim pilula kunder
depresionit,
depresionit,
04:08
then we increase the production
of these newborn neurons,
of these newborn neurons,
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atehere e rrisim prodhimin e
ketyre neuroneve te reja,
ketyre neuroneve te reja,
04:12
and we decrease
the symptoms of depression,
the symptoms of depression,
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dhe i zvogelojme simptomat e depresionit,
04:15
establishing a clear link
between neurogenesis and depression.
between neurogenesis and depression.
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duke krijuar nje lidhje te paster,
ne mes neurogjenezes dhe depresionit.
ne mes neurogjenezes dhe depresionit.
04:21
But moreover, if you
just block neurogenesis,
just block neurogenesis,
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Por, nese e bllokon thjesht neurogjenezen,
04:25
then you block the efficacy
of the antidepressant.
of the antidepressant.
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atehere bllokohet edhe efektshmeria
e pilulave kunder depresionit.
e pilulave kunder depresionit.
04:29
So by then, Robert had understood
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Roberti kishte kuptuar
04:31
that very likely his patients
were suffering from depression
were suffering from depression
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qe ka me shume gjase qe pacientet
e tij te kene vuajtuar nga depresioni
e tij te kene vuajtuar nga depresioni
04:35
even after being cured of their cancer,
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edhe pse ishin sheruar nga kanceri i tyre,
04:37
because the cancer drug had stopped
newborn neurons from being generated.
newborn neurons from being generated.
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sepse bari i kancerit kishte ndaluar
neuronet e reja te prodhohen.
neuronet e reja te prodhohen.
04:42
And it will take time
to generate new neurons
to generate new neurons
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Duhet kohe derisa te prodhohen
neuronet e tjera
neuronet e tjera
04:45
that reach normal functions.
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qe arrijne te funksionojne normalisht.
04:49
So, collectively, now we think
we have enough evidence
we have enough evidence
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Keshtu qe, kolektivisht, ne mendojme
qe kemi fakte te mjaftueshme
qe kemi fakte te mjaftueshme
04:54
to say that neurogenesis
is a target of choice
is a target of choice
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qe te themi se neurogjeneza
eshte objektivi primar
eshte objektivi primar
04:57
if we want to improve
memory formation or mood,
memory formation or mood,
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nese deshirojme te permiresojme
formimin e kujteses ose te humorit,
formimin e kujteses ose te humorit,
05:01
or even prevent the decline
associated with aging,
associated with aging,
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ose edhe te parandalojme
ligeshtimin qe vjen me moshen,
ligeshtimin qe vjen me moshen,
05:05
or associated with stress.
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ose qe eshte e lidhur edhe me stresin.
05:08
So the next question is:
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Atehere pyetja tjeter eshte:
05:10
can we control neurogenesis?
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a mundemi t'a kontrollojme neurogjenezen?
05:13
The answer is yes.
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Pergjigjja eshte po.
05:14
And we are now going to do a little quiz.
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Dhe tash do te bejme nje kuiz.
05:18
I'm going to give you a set
of behaviors and activities,
of behaviors and activities,
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Do t'ju jap nje shumellojshmeri
te sjelljeve dhe te aktiviteteve,
te sjelljeve dhe te aktiviteteve,
05:21
and you tell me if you think
they will increase neurogenesis
they will increase neurogenesis
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dhe ju do te me tregoni nese
ato do ta rrisin neurogjenezen
ato do ta rrisin neurogjenezen
05:26
or if they will decrease neurogenesis.
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apo do te zvogelojne neurogjenezen.
05:28
Are we ready?
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Jemi gati?
05:30
OK, let's go.
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Ne rregull, te fillojme.
05:32
So what about learning?
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Cfare mendoni rreth te nxenit?
05:34
Increasing?
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Rritet?
05:35
Yes.
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Po.
05:36
Learning will increase the production
of these new neurons.
of these new neurons.
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Te nxenit do te rrise prodhimin
e ketyre neuroneve te reja.
e ketyre neuroneve te reja.
05:40
How about stress?
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Po stresi?
05:43
Yes, stress will decrease the production
of new neurons in the hippocampus.
of new neurons in the hippocampus.
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Po, stresi do te ule prodhimin e
ketyre neuroneve ne hipokamus.
ketyre neuroneve ne hipokamus.
05:48
How about sleep deprivation?
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Mungesa e gjumit?
05:51
Indeed, it will decrease neurogenesis.
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Me te vertet, qe do te ule neurogjenezen.
05:54
How about sex?
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Po seksi?
05:56
Oh, wow!
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Oh, wow!
05:57
(Laughter)
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(Te qeshura)
05:58
Yes, you are right, it will increase
the production of new neurons.
the production of new neurons.
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Po, keni te drejte, do te rrise
prodhimin e neuroneve te reja.
prodhimin e neuroneve te reja.
06:02
However, it's all about balance here.
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Sidoqofte, eshte gjithcka
rreth balancit ketu.
rreth balancit ketu.
06:04
We don't want to fall in a situation --
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Ne s'duam te jemi ata
qe biem ne nje situate --
qe biem ne nje situate --
06:07
(Laughter)
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(Te qeshura)
06:09
about too much sex
leading to sleep deprivation.
leading to sleep deprivation.
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qe shume seks, te krijoje mungese gjumi.
06:11
(Laughter)
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(Te qeshura)
06:14
How about getting older?
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Cka rreth plakjes?
06:19
So the neurogenesis rate
will decrease as we get older,
will decrease as we get older,
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Atehere perqindja e neurogjenezes
do te ulet ndersa plakemi,
do te ulet ndersa plakemi,
06:23
but it is still occurring.
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por ende eshte e pranishme.
06:26
And then finally, how about running?
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Dhe kjo eshte e fundit, cka rreth
te vrapuarit?
te vrapuarit?
06:29
I will let you judge that one by yourself.
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Do t'ju le te gjykoni vete kete.
06:33
So this is one of the first studies
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Kjo eshte nje nder studimet e para
06:35
that was carried out by one of my mentors,
Rusty Gage from the Salk Institute,
Rusty Gage from the Salk Institute,
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qe eshte mbajtur nga nje prej mentoreve
te mi, Rusty Gage nga Instituti Salk,
te mi, Rusty Gage nga Instituti Salk,
06:39
showing that the environment
can have an impact
can have an impact
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duke treguar qe ambienti qe na rrethon
mund te kete nje ndikim
mund te kete nje ndikim
06:42
on the production of new neurons.
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ne prodhimin e neuroneve te reja.
06:44
And here you see a section
of the hippocampus of a mouse
of the hippocampus of a mouse
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Dhe ketu mund te shihni nje
pjese te hipokampusit te nje miu
pjese te hipokampusit te nje miu
06:48
that had no running wheel in its cage.
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qe nuk ka vrapuar asnjehere
ne kafazin e tij.
ne kafazin e tij.
06:50
And the little black dots you see
are actually newborn neurons-to-be.
are actually newborn neurons-to-be.
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Keto pikat e zeza qe shihni jane
neuronet e ardhshme te reja.
neuronet e ardhshme te reja.
06:55
And now, you see a section
of the hippocampus of a mouse
of the hippocampus of a mouse
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Dhe tash, ndersa shihni nje prerje
te hipokampusit te nje miu
te hipokampusit te nje miu
07:00
that had a running wheel in its cage.
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qe kishte nje rrote vrapimi
ne kafazin e tij.
ne kafazin e tij.
07:03
So you see the massive increase
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E shihni rritjen e madhe
07:04
of the black dots representing
the new neurons-to-be.
the new neurons-to-be.
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te pikave te zeza qe tregojne qe
do te jene neuronet e reja.
do te jene neuronet e reja.
07:08
So activity impacts neurogenesis,
but that's not all.
but that's not all.
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Keshtu qe aktiviteti ka ndikim ne
neurogjeneze, por kjo s'eshte e gjitha.
neurogjeneze, por kjo s'eshte e gjitha.
07:13
What you eat will have an effect
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Cfare ushqimi hani ka ndikim
07:16
on the production of new neurons
in the hippocampus.
in the hippocampus.
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ne prodhimin e neuroneve te reja
ne hipokampus.
ne hipokampus.
07:19
So here we have a sample of diet --
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Ketu e kemi nje shembull te dietes --
07:22
of nutrients that have been shown
to have efficacy.
to have efficacy.
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te ushqimeve qe kane treguar
qe kane ndikim.
qe kane ndikim.
07:25
And I'm just going
to point a few out to you:
to point a few out to you:
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Dhe do te theksoj disa per ju:
07:28
Calorie restriction of 20 to 30 percent
will increase neurogenesis.
will increase neurogenesis.
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Ulja e kalorive te marra me 20 deri 30
perqind do te rrise neurogjenezen.
perqind do te rrise neurogjenezen.
07:34
Intermittent fasting --
spacing the time between your meals --
spacing the time between your meals --
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Dietat ku perfshihet agjerimi --
hapesira e kohes midis vakteve --
hapesira e kohes midis vakteve --
07:37
will increase neurogenesis.
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do te rrise neurogjenezen.
07:39
Intake of flavonoids,
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Konsumimi i flavonoideve,
07:41
which are contained
in dark chocolate or blueberries,
in dark chocolate or blueberries,
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qe gjenden ne çokolladen e zeze
ose ne boronica,
ose ne boronica,
07:44
will increase neurogenesis.
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do te rrise neurogjenezen.
07:46
Omega-3 fatty acids,
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Omega-3 acidet e yndyrshme,
07:47
present in fatty fish, like salmon,
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qe gjendet ne peshkun e yndyrshem,
siq eshte salmoni,
siq eshte salmoni,
07:50
will increase the production
of these new neurons.
of these new neurons.
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do te rrise prodhimin e
ketyre neuroneve te reja.
ketyre neuroneve te reja.
07:53
Conversely, a diet rich
in high saturated fat
in high saturated fat
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Nga ana tjeter, nje diete qe ka
nivele te larta te yndyres se saturuar
nivele te larta te yndyres se saturuar
07:57
will have a negative impact
on neurogenesis.
on neurogenesis.
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do te kete nje ndikim negativ
ne neurogjeneze.
ne neurogjeneze.
08:01
Ethanol -- intake of alcohol --
will decrease neurogenesis.
will decrease neurogenesis.
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Etanoli -- konsumimi i alkoholit --
do te zvogeloje neurogjenezen.
do te zvogeloje neurogjenezen.
08:05
However, not everything is lost;
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Sidoqofte, jo gjithcka eshte e humbur;
08:08
resveratrol, which is
contained in red wine,
contained in red wine,
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resveratroli, qe gjendet ne veren e kuqe,
08:11
has been shown to promote
the survival of these new neurons.
the survival of these new neurons.
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ka treguar te ndihmoje
mbijetesen e ketyre neuroneve te reja.
mbijetesen e ketyre neuroneve te reja.
08:15
So next time you are at a dinner party,
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Keshtu qe, heres tjeter kur te jeni
ne nje darke,
ne nje darke,
08:17
you might want to reach for this possibly
"neurogenesis-neutral" drink.
"neurogenesis-neutral" drink.
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ndoshta do te preferonit
keto pije "neurogjeneze-neutrale".
keto pije "neurogjeneze-neutrale".
08:21
(Laughter)
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(Te qeshura)
08:24
And then finally,
let me point out the last one --
let me point out the last one --
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Dhe per ta perfunduar,
me lejoni te permend kete te fundit --
me lejoni te permend kete te fundit --
08:26
a quirky one.
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nje te habitshme.
08:27
So Japanese groups are fascinated
with food textures,
with food textures,
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Japonezet jane te apasionuar
me teksturen e ushqimit,
me teksturen e ushqimit,
08:31
and they have shown that actually
soft diet impairs neurogenesis,
soft diet impairs neurogenesis,
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dhe kane treguar qe dietat e buta
te lengshme e demtojne neurogjenezen,
te lengshme e demtojne neurogjenezen,
08:37
as opposed to food that requires
mastication -- chewing -- or crunchy food.
mastication -- chewing -- or crunchy food.
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perkunder atyre ushqimeve qe kerkojne
pertypje -- perçapje -- ose ushqimet e forta.
pertypje -- perçapje -- ose ushqimet e forta.
08:42
So all of this data,
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Keshtu te gjitha keto informacione,
08:44
where we need to look
at the cellular level,
at the cellular level,
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kur kemi nevoje te shikojme
nivelin e qelizave,
nivelin e qelizave,
08:47
has been generated using animal models.
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qe eshte gjeneruar duke i perdorur
kafshet si shembuj.
kafshet si shembuj.
08:50
But this diet has also been given
to human participants,
to human participants,
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Por kjo diete iu eshte administruar
edhe mbi njerez,
edhe mbi njerez,
08:54
and what we could see is that
the diet modulates memory and mood
the diet modulates memory and mood
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dhe ajo cka kemi zbuluar eshte
qe dieta rregullon kujtesen dhe humorin
qe dieta rregullon kujtesen dhe humorin
09:01
in the same direction
as it modulates neurogenesis,
as it modulates neurogenesis,
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ne menyre te njejte
siq rregullon neurogjenezen.
siq rregullon neurogjenezen.
09:04
such as: calorie restriction
will improve memory capacity,
will improve memory capacity,
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si pershembull: reduktimi i kalorive
do te rrisi kapacitetin e kujteses,
do te rrisi kapacitetin e kujteses,
09:09
whereas a high-fat diet will exacerbate
symptoms of depression --
symptoms of depression --
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ndersa nje diete qe ka shume yndyre vetem
do t'i perkeqesonte shenjat e depresionit-
do t'i perkeqesonte shenjat e depresionit-
09:14
as opposed to omega-3 fatty acids,
which increase neurogenesis,
which increase neurogenesis,
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perkunder omega-3 acidet yndyrore,
qe do te rrit neurogjenezen,
qe do te rrit neurogjenezen,
09:18
and also help to decrease
the symptoms of depression.
the symptoms of depression.
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qe gjithashtu ndihmon te ulen
shenjat e depresionit.
shenjat e depresionit.
09:23
So we think that the effect of diet
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Keshtu qe mendojme se efekti i dietes
09:28
on mental health, on memory and mood,
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ne shendetin mendor, ne kujtese dhe
ne humor,
ne humor,
09:32
is actually mediated by the production
of the new neurons in the hippocampus.
of the new neurons in the hippocampus.
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eshte gjithashtu i shoqeruar ne prodhimin
e neuroneve te reja ne hipokampus.
e neuroneve te reja ne hipokampus.
09:36
And it's not only what you eat,
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Dhe nuk eshte vetem se cka konsumoni,
09:38
but it's also the texture
of the food, when you eat it
of the food, when you eat it
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por eshte edhe se teksture ka ushqimi
kur e hani,
kur e hani,
09:42
and how much of it you eat.
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dhe sasia e ushqimit qe merrni.
09:45
On our side -- neuroscientists
interested in neurogenesis --
interested in neurogenesis --
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Nga ana jone -- neuroshkencetaret
qe jane te interesuar ne neurogjeneze --
qe jane te interesuar ne neurogjeneze --
09:49
we need to understand better
the function of these new neurons,
the function of these new neurons,
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duhet te kuptojme me shume rreth
funskionit te neuroneve te reja,
funskionit te neuroneve te reja,
09:53
and how we can control their survival
and their production.
and their production.
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dhe se si i kontrollojme mbijetesen
dhe prodhimin e tyre.
dhe prodhimin e tyre.
09:57
We also need to find a way to protect
the neurogenesis of Robert's patients.
the neurogenesis of Robert's patients.
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Po ashtu te gjejme menyren si te mbrojme
neurogjenezen e pacienteve te Robertit.
neurogjenezen e pacienteve te Robertit.
10:03
And on your side --
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Dhe nga ana juaj --
10:04
I leave you in charge
of your neurogenesis.
of your neurogenesis.
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Ju le ju ne pergjegjesi
te neurogjenezes suaj.
te neurogjenezes suaj.
10:07
Thank you.
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Faleminderit.
10:08
(Applause)
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(Duartrokitje)
10:14
Margaret Heffernan:
Fantastic research, Sandrine.
Fantastic research, Sandrine.
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Margaret Heffernan:
Nje kerkim fantastik, Sandrine.
Nje kerkim fantastik, Sandrine.
10:17
Now, I told you you changed my life --
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Tash, te kam thene qe ti
me ke ndryshuar jeten --
me ke ndryshuar jeten --
10:19
I now eat a lot of blueberries.
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Tash une ha shume boronica.
10:21
Sandrine Thuret: Very good.
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Sandrine Thuret: Shume mire.
10:23
MH: I'm really interested
in the running thing.
in the running thing.
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MH: Jam shume e interesuar
ne punen e te vrapuarit.
ne punen e te vrapuarit.
10:26
Do I have to run?
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A duhet te vrapoj?
10:29
Or is it really just
about aerobic exercise,
about aerobic exercise,
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Apo vlen vetem per ushtrimet aerobike,
10:32
getting oxygen to the brain?
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per ti derguar oksigjen trurit?
10:33
Could it be any kind of vigorous exercise?
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A mundet te jete ndonje ushtrim
tjeter energjik?
tjeter energjik?
10:36
ST: So for the moment,
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ST: Atehere per momentin,
10:37
we can't really say
if it's just the running itself,
if it's just the running itself,
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nuk mundemi te themi se
eshte vetem vrapimi,
eshte vetem vrapimi,
10:41
but we think that anything that indeed
will increase the production --
will increase the production --
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por ne mendojme qe gjithcka qe
vertet rrit prodhimin --
vertet rrit prodhimin --
10:46
or moving the blood flow to the brain,
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ose qarkullimin e gjakut ne tru,
10:49
should be beneficial.
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duhet te jete i dobishem.
10:51
MH: So I don't have to get
a running wheel in my office?
a running wheel in my office?
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MH: Atehere nuk eshte nevoja te kem
nje rreth vrapimi ne zyren time?
nje rreth vrapimi ne zyren time?
10:54
ST: No, you don't!
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ST: Jo, nuk eshte nevoja!
10:55
MH: Oh, what a relief! That's wonderful.
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MH: Oh, cfare lehtesimi! Kjo eshte e mrekullueshme.
10:57
Sandrine Thuret, thank you so much.
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Sandrine Thuret,
te faleminderit shume.
te faleminderit shume.
10:59
ST: Thank you, Margaret.
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ST: Faleminderit juve, Margaret.
11:00
(Applause)
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(Duartrokitje)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sandrine Thuret - Neural stem cell researcherSandrine Thuret studies the way adult brains create new nerve cells in the hippocampus -- a brain area involved in memory and mood.
Why you should listen
In her lab at King's College London, Sandrine Thuret studies adult neurogenesis -- the process by which adult brains create new nerve cells. (Until the 1990s, we didn't even know they did this!)
Thuret's work focuses on the hippocampus, the area of the brain that is related to memory, and her work asks two big questions: How can we help our healthy brains create new nerve cells throughout our lives, through diet and behavior changes? And how can we study the effects of diseases such as depression and Alzheimer's on our brains' ability to grow?
Sandrine Thuret | Speaker | TED.com