ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Akash Manoj - Inventor
Akash Manoj developed a novel technique that can non-invasively detect and alert at-risk patients of a potential asymptomatic heart-attack.

Why you should listen

Akash Manoj lost his grandfather due to a silent heart attack when he was thirteen. Silent heart attacks strike at-risk patients who are affected by nerve damage. Unlike most teenagers, inspired by the intricacies of the problem, Manoj translated his emotions into social motivation and, eventually, into action. At the end of three years of research and experiments funded by the Government of India at various labs across India, including SRISTI-BIRAC, he developed a novel technique that can non-invasively detect and alert at-risk patients of a potential asymptomatic heart-attack. His method involves transcutaneously isolating, identifying, spectroscopically analyzing, and sensing elevation in the levels of a cardiac biomarker called h-FABP in realtime -- a process that significantly establishes a path to preventative cardiovascular healthcare. 

Manoj was awarded at the Intel ISEF 2018 and was conferred with the nation's highest honor (National Child Award for Exceptional Achievement | Gold Medallion) by the President of India.

More profile about the speaker
Akash Manoj | Speaker | TED.com
TED-Ed Weekend

Akash Manoj: A life-saving device that detects silent heart attacks

安喀什·曼诺: 能够检测隐性心脏病的救命设备

Filmed:
1,819,530 views

你或许知道心脏病的普遍症状:胸痛、胳膊痛、呼吸短促和疲劳。但有一种心脏病同样致命且更难检测,因为症状是不外显的。在这个简短的演讲中,17岁的发明者安喀什·曼诺分享了他开发的阻止隐性心脏病的设备:无创、平价、可穿戴,并会在关键的生死时刻警告患者,创造生机。
- Inventor
Akash Manoj developed a novel technique that can non-invasively detect and alert at-risk patients of a potential asymptomatic heart-attack. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
When I was 13,
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当我13岁时,
00:14
I lost丢失 my grandfather祖父
to a silent无声 heart attack攻击.
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我的祖父由于隐性心脏病突然去世.
00:18
What happened发生 to be more
shocking触目惊心 was that at 75,
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令人更加感叹的是那天他75岁,
00:22
grandpa爷爷 was really normal正常,
healthy健康 and energetic有活力,
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我的祖父非常正常、健康、充满活力,
00:26
but he was diabetic糖尿病患者.
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但他患有糖尿病.
00:29
Learning学习 all of this was so painful痛苦
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理解这一切对我来说很痛苦,
00:32
that I decided决定 to go out on a war战争
against反对 this deadly致命 killer凶手
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于是我决心和这个致命的疾病一战,
00:36
and see what could be doneDONE.
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看看能做到什么。
00:38
It was shocking触目惊心 to discover发现
the results结果 of recent最近 studies学习
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最近的研究揭露一个惊人的数据,
00:42
that have shown显示 an estimate估计
of nearly几乎 eight million百万 people
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即将近800万人
00:46
who die from heart attacks攻击 every一切 year.
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每年死于心脏病。
00:49
Heart attacks攻击 occur发生 for many许多 reasons原因,
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心脏病发病原因很多,
00:52
but most often经常, they occur发生
when arteries动脉 get clogged堵塞,
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但在通常情况下,
大部分原因是动脉堵塞,
00:57
blood血液 flow is cut off
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血流受阻,
00:58
and oxygen-starved缺氧 cells细胞
in the heart muscles肌肉 start开始 to die.
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心肌缺氧的细胞开始死亡。
01:02
You may可能 know the common共同
symptoms症状 of a heart attack攻击:
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你或许知道心脏病的几个常见症状:
01:05
chest胸部 pain疼痛, arm pain疼痛, shortness短小
of breath呼吸, fatigue疲劳, et cetera等等 ...
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胸痛,胳膊痛,呼吸短促,疲劳等...
01:11
but there is a type类型 of heart attack攻击
that is quite相当 common共同,
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但有一种心脏病非常常见,
01:15
just as deadly致命,
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同样致命,
01:17
but harder更难 to detect检测
because the symptoms症状 are silent无声.
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但更难检测,因为症状是隐性的。
01:22
People having silent无声 heart attacks攻击
just don't realize实现 what's happening事件,
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患有隐形心脏病的人
意识不到正在发生什么,
01:28
so they're not seeking medical attention注意,
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所以他们不会要求医疗看护,
01:30
which哪一个 means手段 they're less likely容易
to receive接收 the treatment治疗 that they need
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这就意味着在关键的时刻
01:35
at the critical危急 moment时刻.
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他们不大可能得到所需的治疗。
01:38
And even if they do
get to the hospital醫院 by chance机会,
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即使他们刚好去了医院,
01:41
either before or after
they are struck来袭 by a heart attack攻击,
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不管是犯病之前还是之后,
01:45
they might威力 have to go through通过 one or more
of these time-consuming耗时的, expensive昂贵 tests测试
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他们也许要经历
不止一次的测验和治疗,
01:51
and treatments治疗,
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费时且昂贵,
01:52
which哪一个 are currently目前 considered考虑
the gold standards标准
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而这样的做法被看作是
01:54
of heart-attack心脏病发作 diagnosis诊断.
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心脏病诊断的黄金标准。
01:57
The greater更大 concern关心, however然而,
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然而,更令人担忧的是,
01:59
is that these silent无声 heart attacks攻击
account帐户 for nearly几乎 45 percent百分
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所有心脏病中
02:03
of all heart attacks攻击.
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45%是隐性心脏病。
02:05
Patients耐心 with diabetes糖尿病 and similar类似
disorders障碍 suffer遭受 from nerve神经 damage损伤
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患有糖尿病和
相似失调疾病的患者
02:10
that prevents防止 them from feeling感觉
the sort分类 of pain疼痛
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神经严重受损,导致痛觉不灵敏,
02:13
that usually平时 signals信号 to someone有人
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而这些痛觉是信号
02:15
that he or she may可能 be having
a heart attack攻击.
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提醒人们可能性的心脏病发作。
02:21
Which哪一个 means手段 they suffer遭受
the damage损伤 of a heart attack攻击
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这意味着当心脏病发作时,
02:24
without even knowing会心 or feeling感觉 anything.
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他们甚至无法察觉。
02:28
These already已经 at-risk有一定风险 patients耐心
suffer遭受 from nerve神经 damage损伤,
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这些高危病人神经受损,
02:34
and they do not get
immediate即时 medical care关心.
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不能得到及时的医疗护理。
02:38
They do not know anything before
an unlikely不会 event事件 is about to occur发生.
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在这样的小概率事件发生前,
他们一无所知。
02:44
My grandfather祖父
was an at-risk有一定风险 patient患者, too.
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我的祖父也是高危病人。
02:48
I probed探测 this issue问题 further进一步 --
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我进一步研究这个问题——
02:50
read as much as I could
to understand理解 the heart,
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阅读大量资料了解心脏,
02:53
met会见 researchers研究人员
and worked工作 across横过 labs实验室 in India印度.
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与研究者会面并在
印度各地实验室工作。
02:58
And finally最后, after three long years年份
of persistent一贯 research研究,
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最后,持续研究三年后,
03:02
what I have to share分享 with the world世界 today今天
is a promising有希望 solution.
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我要在今天分享
一个有前途的解决方案。
03:07
A noninvasive无创 device设备 that is inexpensive便宜,
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一个无创设备,不贵,易携带,
03:11
portable手提, wearable穿戴式 by at-risk有一定风险
patients耐心 at all times.
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高危病人可以一直佩戴。
03:17
It greatly非常 reduces减少
the need for a blood血液 test测试
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它大大减少了验血的需要,
03:20
and works作品 24/7, collecting搜集
and analyzing分析 data数据 at preset预置 intervals间隔.
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全天候工作,在预设间隔时段
收集分析数据。
03:27
And all this data数据 is collected
for a single purpose目的:
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收集这些数据只有一个目的:
03:31
detecting检测 heart attacks攻击 as they occur发生.
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在心脏病发作时及时检测。
03:35
This is a very promising有希望 solution
that might威力 help us in the future未来.
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这个设备大有希望,
可以在未来帮助我们。
03:41
You may可能 not know how intelligent智能
your heart really is.
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你也许不知道心脏有多聪明。
03:45
It tries尝试 to communicate通信 to your body身体
multiple times before failing失败,
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它在停止工作前会和身体多次交流,
03:50
by indicating说明 symptoms症状 like chest胸部 pain疼痛.
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比如显示胸痛等的症状。
03:53
These symptoms症状 are triggered触发
when the heart loses失去 out
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这些症状的诱因是
03:57
on oxygen-rich富氧 blood血液 flow.
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心脏得不到氧气充足的血流。
04:00
But remember记得 I told you
about the nerve神经 damage损伤.
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但还记得我说过的神经受损吗。
04:03
It silences沉默 these symptoms症状
before a silent无声 heart attack攻击,
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它会使隐性心脏病的症状不被察觉,
04:09
which哪一个 makes品牌 it even deadlier致命.
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从而使心脏病更加致命。
04:13
And you may可能 not even know
the common共同 symptoms症状.
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你或许甚至都不知道这些典型症状.
04:17
Meanwhile与此同时, the heart also sends发送 out
certain某些 biomarkers生物标记物 --
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同时,心脏也会发送一些生物标记——
04:22
cardiac心脏的 biomarkers生物标记物 or proteins蛋白质
that are SOSSos messages消息 --
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心脏生物标记或者
蛋白质是求救信号——
04:27
in the form形成 of SOSSos messages消息 --
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以求救信号的形式——
04:29
into your bloodstream血液,
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进入血液,
04:30
indicating说明 that the heart is at risk风险.
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提醒心脏处于危险之中.
04:33
As it gets得到 riskier风险较高 and riskier风险较高,
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随着风险上升,
04:36
the concentrations浓度
of these cardiac心脏的 biomarker生物标记物 proteins蛋白质
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这些心血管标记物蛋白的浓度
04:39
keep increasing增加 abysmally糟糕的.
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会保持不正常的增长。
04:42
My device设备 solely独自 relies依赖 on this data数据.
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我的设备单纯依靠数据。
04:45
The key is that these cardiac心脏的
biomarkers生物标记物 are found发现
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关键是在心脏病初期
04:49
in one of the earliest最早
stages阶段 of a heart attack攻击,
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发现这些心血管标记物,
04:52
when someone有人 is almost几乎 sure to survive生存
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在这个阶段如果病人得到及时治疗,
04:55
if he or she gets得到 prompt提示 care关心.
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非常有可能存活。
04:59
And my device设备 is solely独自 based基于
on that basis基础.
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我的设备仅以此为基础。
05:04
And here's这里的 how my device设备 works作品.
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下面介绍设备如何工作。
05:07
A silicon patch补丁 is worn磨损的 around your wrist
or placed放置 near your chest胸部.
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硅片穿戴在手腕附近
或者放在胸部附近。
05:12
Without没有 having to prick your skin皮肤
for a biomarker生物标记物 blood血液 test测试,
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不用刺穿皮肤进行标记物血检,
05:17
this patch补丁 can spot, isolate隔离 and track跟踪
a heart-attack心脏病发作 specific具体 biomarker生物标记物
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这个硅片可以发现、分离并追踪
05:23
called H-FABPH-FABP,
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心脏病特有的标记物,即H-FABP,
05:25
and alerts警报 you if and when it reaches到达
a critical危急 level水平 in your bloodstream血液 --
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并会当标记物在血液中
达到临界水平时警告——
05:31
a process处理 that's much simpler简单, easier更轻松
and cheaper便宜 than conventional常规 methods方法
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这个过程比心脏病传统诊断方法
05:37
of heart-attack心脏病发作 diagnosis诊断.
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更简单、简便,低成本。
05:41
By checking检查 on biomarker生物标记物
concentration浓度 data数据,
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通过检查标记物浓度数据,
05:45
a system系统 like this,
with advanced高级 research研究 in the future未来,
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辅以进一步的研究这样的系统,
05:49
could significantly显著 reduce减少 the need
for an at-risk有一定风险 patient患者 to go to a doctor医生
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可以大幅减少高危病人
05:54
for a biomarker生物标记物 blood血液 test测试,
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进行标记物血检的需求,
05:55
because the device设备
could be worn磨损的 at all times,
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因为该设备可以一直穿戴,
05:59
sensing传感 biomarker生物标记物 elevations海拔 in real真实 time.
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实时检测标记物升高。
06:03
Thus从而, if the device设备 senses感官 the biomarker生物标记物
levels水平 going beyond the critical危急 point,
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因此,如果设备检测到
标记物水平接近临界,
06:08
the at-risk有一定风险 patient患者 could be warned警告
of an impending即将到来的 cardiac心脏的 arrest逮捕
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高危病人会收到心脏停搏预警
06:13
and that he or she needs需求
immediate即时 medical attention注意.
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并需要及时的医疗措施。
06:16
Although虽然 the device设备 may可能 not be able能够
to provide提供 the patient患者
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尽管该措施也许不能为病人提供
06:20
with the complete完成 analysis分析
of the cardiac心脏的 injury,
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心脏损伤的完整分析,
06:23
it might威力 be of immense巨大 help
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它或许可以极大帮助
06:25
in actually其实 indicating说明
that the patient患者 is in danger危险,
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判断病人是否于处危险,
06:29
so that the patient患者 can be alarmed惊慌
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这样病人可以得到警示
06:31
and know that immediate即时 care关心 is crucial关键.
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知道必须立即采取措施。
06:35
Every一切 at-risk有一定风险 patient患者 will now receive接收
more time to survive生存
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每一个高危病人将会得到
更多时间保住生命并
06:40
and reach达到 out for medical help.
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得到医疗帮助。
06:42
Consequently所以, they don't have to go
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最终,他们不需要
06:45
for expensive昂贵 and invasive侵入的
medical treatments治疗
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接受昂贵且激进的疗法,
06:48
that would otherwise除此以外 be necessary必要
after a heart attack攻击.
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而这样的治疗在
心脏病发作后有必要进行。
06:52
When I got my device设备 tested测试
on at-risk有一定风险 patients耐心 under observation意见,
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我观察了设备
在高危病人身上的测试,
06:56
results结果 from the clinical临床 validation验证 tests测试
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临床验证结果
06:59
certified认证 close to a 96 percent百分
accuracy准确性 and sensitivity灵敏度.
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证明了近96%的准确性和灵敏度。
07:05
I intend打算 to make my device设备 available可得到
to people in two variants变种:
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我想让人们获得两种版本的设备:
07:09
one which哪一个 gives digital数字 analysis分析
of the biomarker生物标记物 levels水平
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一种能够提供标记物水平的数字分析,
07:13
and a simpler简单 version
for the people in rural乡村 areas
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另一种是针对农村居民的简易版,
07:15
which哪一个 simply只是 vibrates振动 when the biomarker生物标记物
levels水平 go beyond the critical危急 point.
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当水平超过临界点时设备就会震动。
07:20
When we look at our progress进展
in cardiac心脏的 health健康 care关心 today今天,
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当今,我们观察心脏医疗方面的进步时,
07:24
it is more of sick生病 care关心 than preventative预防
self-care自我护理 and technology技术.
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较多的是疾病护理而非
预防性的自我护理和技术。
07:29
We literally按照字面 wait
for the heart attack攻击 to occur发生
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我们实际上在等心脏病发作,
07:31
and put our vast广大 majority多数 of resources资源
into post-care后护理 treatment治疗.
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并把大量资源放在护理后的治疗上。
07:35
But by then, irreversible不可逆转 damage损伤
will already已经 be doneDONE.
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但到那时,不可逆的伤害已经造成。
07:41
I firmly牢牢 believe it's time
for us to rethink反思 medicine医学.
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我坚信是时候重新思考药物了。
07:44
We must必须 establish建立 proactive主动
health-care卫生保健 technologies技术.
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我们必须建立积极主动的医疗技术。
07:48
A change更改 must必须 be brought out
not 10 years年份 from now,
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改变必须发生,不是十年内,
07:51
not five years年份 from now,
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不是五年内,
07:52
but today今天.
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而是今天。
07:53
And so, hopefully希望, one day,
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所以,希望有一天,
07:55
with the help of these devices设备,
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有了这些设备的帮助,
07:57
someone有人 else其他 won't惯于 lose失去
his or her grandfather祖父 just like I did.
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别人不会像我这样失去祖父。
08:02
Thank you so much.
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非常感谢。
08:03
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
08:05
Thank you.
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谢谢。
08:06
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
08:08
Thank you.
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谢谢大家。
Translated by Emily Xu
Reviewed by Lisa Qin

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Akash Manoj - Inventor
Akash Manoj developed a novel technique that can non-invasively detect and alert at-risk patients of a potential asymptomatic heart-attack.

Why you should listen

Akash Manoj lost his grandfather due to a silent heart attack when he was thirteen. Silent heart attacks strike at-risk patients who are affected by nerve damage. Unlike most teenagers, inspired by the intricacies of the problem, Manoj translated his emotions into social motivation and, eventually, into action. At the end of three years of research and experiments funded by the Government of India at various labs across India, including SRISTI-BIRAC, he developed a novel technique that can non-invasively detect and alert at-risk patients of a potential asymptomatic heart-attack. His method involves transcutaneously isolating, identifying, spectroscopically analyzing, and sensing elevation in the levels of a cardiac biomarker called h-FABP in realtime -- a process that significantly establishes a path to preventative cardiovascular healthcare. 

Manoj was awarded at the Intel ISEF 2018 and was conferred with the nation's highest honor (National Child Award for Exceptional Achievement | Gold Medallion) by the President of India.

More profile about the speaker
Akash Manoj | Speaker | TED.com