ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Pico Iyer - Global author
Pico Iyer has spent more than 30 years tracking movement and stillness -- and the way criss-crossing cultures have changed the world, our imagination and all our relationships.

Why you should listen

In twelve books, covering everything from Revolutionary Cuba to the XIVth Dalai Lama, Islamic mysticism to our lives in airports, Pico Iyer has worked to chronicle the accelerating changes in our outer world, which sometimes make steadiness and rootedness in our inner world more urgent than ever. In his TED Book, The Art of Stillness, he draws upon travels from North Korea to Iran to remind us how to remain focused and sane in an age of frenzied distraction. As he writes in the book, "Almost everybody I know has this sense of overdosing on information and getting dizzy living at post-human speeds ... All of us instinctively feel that something inside us is crying out for more spaciousness and stillness to offset the exhilarations of this movement and the fun and diversion of the modern world."

More profile about the speaker
Pico Iyer | Speaker | TED.com
TEDSummit 2019

Pico Iyer: What ping-pong taught me about life

皮柯·耶尔: 乒乓和胜利之谜

Filmed:
1,814,395 views

成长于英格兰的皮柯·耶尔(Pico Iyer)被教导比赛的意义就是获胜。50 年之后,他意识到比赛“更像是一种爱的行为”。在这场充满魅力、发人深思的演讲中,他探索了在日本他参与的常规乒乓赛所揭示的胜利之谜——他还说明了不知道谁赢谁输却可以让人感到最终的胜利。
- Global author
Pico Iyer has spent more than 30 years tracking movement and stillness -- and the way criss-crossing cultures have changed the world, our imagination and all our relationships. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
Every一切 other night in Japan日本,
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我在日本的时候,
00:16
I step out of my apartment公寓,
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每隔一晚就会出门,
00:18
I climb up a hill爬坡道 for 15 minutes分钟,
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爬山 15 分钟,
00:21
and then I head into my local本地 health健康 club俱乐部,
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然后再到当地的健康俱乐部,
00:25
where three ping-pong乒乓 tables
are set up in a studio工作室.
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那里有三张乒乓桌。
00:30
And space空间 is limited有限,
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空间有限,
00:32
so at every一切 table,
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所以在每张乒乓桌上,
00:33
one pair of players玩家 practices做法 forehands前手,
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有一对球员练习正手,
00:36
another另一个 practices做法 backhands反手,
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另一对练习反手,
00:39
and every一切 now and then,
the balls collide碰撞 in midair半空中
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时不时地,球就会在空中碰撞,
00:42
and everybody每个人 says, "Wow!"
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每个人就感叹道,“哇!”
00:46
Then, choosing选择 lots,
we select选择 partners伙伴 and play doubles双打.
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然后,我们抽签选择搭档进行双打。
00:51
But I honestly老老实实 couldn't不能
tell you who's谁是 won韩元,
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但是说实话我没法告诉你们是谁赢了,
00:54
because we change更改 partners伙伴
every一切 five minutes分钟.
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因为我们每五分钟就会更换搭档。
00:59
And everybody每个人 is trying really hard
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每个人都为了赢分
01:02
to win赢得 points,
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拼尽全力,
01:04
but nobody没有人 is keeping保持 track跟踪
of who is winning胜利 games游戏.
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但是没有人在记录
到底是谁赢了比赛。
01:08
And after an hour小时 or so
of furious狂怒 exertion用力,
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在经过一小时激烈的角逐后,
01:13
I can honestly老老实实 tell you
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老实说,
01:14
that not knowing会心 who has won韩元
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不知道谁赢了
01:17
feels感觉 like the ultimate最终 victory胜利.
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却像是最终的胜利。
01:21
In Japan日本, it's been said,
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在日本,有一种说法是,
01:23
they've他们已经 created创建 a competitive竞争的 spirit精神
without competition竞争.
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他们不通过比赛
却创造出了比赛的精神。
01:30
Now, all of you know that geopolitics地缘政治
is best最好 followed其次 by watching观看 ping-pong乒乓.
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你们都知道可以通过
看乒乓了解地缘政治。
01:37
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
01:38
The two strongest最强 powers权力 in the world世界
were fiercest凶猛 enemies敌人
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世界上最强大的两个国家
曾是针锋相对的敌人,
01:43
until直到, in 1972, an American美国 ping-pong乒乓 team球队
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直到 1972 年,美国乒乓球队
01:48
was allowed允许 to visit访问 Communist共产 China中国.
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被允许访问共产主义中国。
01:52
And as soon不久 as the former前任的 adversaries对手
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当曾经的对手
01:54
were gathered云集 around
some small green绿色 tables,
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集结在这些小绿桌旁边时,
01:58
each of them could claim要求 a victory胜利,
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每一方都获得了胜利,
02:01
and the whole整个 world世界
could breathe呼吸 more easily容易.
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整个世界也能松一口气。
02:05
China's中国的 leader领导, Mao Zedong毛泽东,
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中国的领导人毛泽东
02:07
wrote a whole整个 manual手册 on ping-pong乒乓,
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为乒乓球写了一整本手册,
02:10
and he called the sport运动
"a spiritual精神 nuclear weapon武器."
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他称这项运动为“精神核武器”。
02:16
And it's been said that the only
honorary名誉 lifelong终身 member会员
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据说美国乒乓球协会
02:20
of the US Table Tennis网球 Association协会
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唯一的终生荣誉会员
02:22
is the then-President当时的总统 Richard理查德 Nixon尼克松,
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就是当时的总统理查德·尼克松,
02:25
who helped帮助 to engineer工程师
this win-win双赢 situation情况
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他通过乒乓外交
02:29
through通过 ping-pong乒乓 diplomacy外交.
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帮助实现了这样的双赢局面。
02:33
But long before that,
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但是在那之前,
02:34
really, the history历史 of the modern现代 world世界
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现代世界的历史
02:37
was best最好 told through通过
the bouncing蹦蹦 white白色 ball.
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通过这些往复的白色塑料球
来讲述,效果最好。
02:42
"Ping-pong乒乓" sounds声音
like a cousin表姐 of "sing-song唱歌,"
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“乒乓(ping-pong)”听起来像是
“合唱(sing-song)”的表亲,
02:46
like something Eastern,
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像是来自东方,
02:48
but actually其实, it's believed相信
that it was invented发明 by high-class高级 Brits英国人
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但实际上,乒乓被认为
是由维多利亚时代
02:53
during Victorian维多利亚时代 times,
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的英国贵族发明的,
02:55
who started开始 hitting wine红酒 corks软木塞
over walls墙壁 of books图书 after dinner晚餐.
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那时他们在晚饭后
用书对着墙击打葡萄酒软塞。
03:00
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
03:01
No exaggeration夸张.
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没有夸张。
03:02
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
03:03
And by the end结束 of World世界 War战争 I,
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第一次世界大战结束时,
03:05
the sport运动 was dominated占主导地位 by players玩家
from the former前任的 Austro-Hungarian奥匈帝国 Empire帝国:
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这项运动被来自原来的
奥匈帝国的球员垄断:
03:11
eight out of nine
early world世界 championships冠军
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早期世锦赛的九个冠军中
03:14
were claimed声称 by Hungary匈牙利.
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有八个被匈牙利摘取。
03:16
And Eastern Europeans欧洲人 grew成长 so adept拿手
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东欧人对把球打来打去
03:19
at hitting back everything
that was hit击中 at them
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变得如此熟练,
03:23
that they almost几乎 brought
the whole整个 sport运动 to a standstill停顿.
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以至于他们近乎把这项运动
带入了停滞状态。
03:27
In one championship锦标赛 match比赛
in Prague布拉格 in 1936,
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在 1936 年布拉格的一场世锦赛中,
03:31
the first point is said to have lasted历时
two hours小时 and 12 minutes分钟.
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第一分据说在过了
两小时12分后才被拿下。
03:37
The first point!
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第一分!
03:38
Longer更长 than a "Mad Max马克斯" movie电影.
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比《疯狂麦克斯》的电影还要长。
03:41
And according根据 to one of the players玩家,
the umpire裁判 had to retire退休 with a sore neck颈部
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据其中一个球员说,
裁判在这一比分结束前
03:47
before the point was concluded总结.
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因为脖子酸而不得不退场。
03:49
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
03:50
That player播放机 started开始 hitting
the ball back with his left hand
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运动员甚至开始用左手击球,
03:54
and dictating听写 chess moves移动 between之间 shots镜头.
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并在击打间隙指挥下象棋。
03:57
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
03:58
Many许多 in the audience听众
started开始, of course课程, filing备案 out,
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当然,观众席中的许多人开始计数,
04:01
as that single point lasted历时
maybe 12,000 strokes.
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这一比分可能持续了 12000 下击打。
04:06
And an emergency meeting会议 of
the International国际 Table Tennis网球 Association协会
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国际乒乓球协会的紧急会议不得不
04:11
had to be held保持 then and there,
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在现场立刻召开,
04:14
and soon不久 the rules规则 were changed
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随后规则改变,
04:16
so that no game游戏 could last
longer than 20 minutes分钟.
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没有一轮比赛可以长于 20 分钟。
04:20
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
04:22
Sixteen十六 years年份 later后来,
Japan日本 entered进入 the picture图片,
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十六年后,日本进入了人们的视野,
04:26
when a little-known鲜为人知的
watchmaker钟表匠 called Hiroji弘治 Satoh萨藤
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一位名叫佐藤博治的无名制表匠
04:30
showed显示 up at the world世界 championships冠军
in Bombay孟买 in 1952.
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出现在了 1952 年
孟买的国际锦标赛上。
04:36
And Satoh萨藤 was not very big,
he wasn't highly高度 rated额定,
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佐藤博治没有名气,排名也不高,
04:40
he was wearing穿着 spectacles眼镜,
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他还戴着眼镜,
04:43
but he was armed武装 with a paddle
that was not pimpled粉刺,
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但是他的球拍并不像其他的球拍那样
04:48
as other paddles were,
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坑坑洼洼的,
04:49
but covered覆盖 by a thick spongy海绵状 rubber橡胶 foam泡沫.
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而是覆盖着厚厚的海绵状橡胶泡沫。
04:54
And thanks谢谢 to this silencing沉默
secret秘密 weapon武器,
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多亏了这个秘密武器,
04:59
the little-known鲜为人知的 Satoh萨藤 won韩元 a gold medal勋章.
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默默无闻的佐藤博治摘得了金牌。
05:02
One million百万 people came来了 out
into the streets街道 of Tokyo东京
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当他回国时,在东京有一百万人
05:07
to greet迎接 him upon his return返回,
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走上街头夹道欢迎他凯旋,
05:09
and really, Japan's日本 postwar战后 resurgence再起
was set into motion运动.
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日本的战后复兴也真正开始了。
05:16
What I learned学到了, though虽然,
at my regular定期 games游戏 in Japan日本,
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不过,我在日本的
常规乒乓赛中学到的,
05:21
is more what could be called
the inner sport运动 of global全球 domination统治,
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更恰当地说是全面占优的内在运动,
05:27
sometimes有时 known已知 as life.
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有时也被称作人生。
05:30
We never play singles单打 in our club俱乐部,
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我们俱乐部从不打单打,
05:34
only doubles双打,
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只进行双打,
05:35
and because, as I say,
we change更改 partners伙伴 every一切 five minutes分钟,
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因为,正如我所说,
我们每五分钟就会更换搭档,
05:39
if you do happen发生 to lose失去,
you're very likely容易 to win赢得
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如果你不巧输了,
那么在六分钟后,
05:43
six minutes分钟 later后来.
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你很有可能赢下比赛。
05:45
We also play best-of-two最好的二 sets,
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我们也玩两局制,
05:48
so often经常, there's no loser失败者 at all.
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通常就没有输家。
05:52
Ping-pong乒乓 diplomacy外交.
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乒乓外交。
05:54
And I always remember记得
that as a boy男孩 growing生长 up in England英国,
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我一直记得,
作为在英格兰长大的男孩,
05:57
I was taught that the point
of a game游戏 was to win赢得.
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我被教育比赛的关键是获胜。
06:02
But in Japan日本, I'm encouraged鼓励 to believe
that, really, the point of a game游戏
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但在日本,我被鼓励相信比赛的要义
06:07
is to make as many许多 people as possible可能
around you feel that they are winners获奖者.
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是让你身边尽可能多
的人认为他们是赢家。
06:13
So you're not careening倒向 up and down
as an individual个人 might威力,
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所以你不会以一个个体上下沉浮,
06:16
but you're part部分 of a regular定期,
steady稳定 chorus合唱.
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相反,你是常规,稳定
的团体的一部分。
06:21
The most skillful熟练 players玩家 in our club俱乐部
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我们俱乐部打得最好的球员
06:25
deploy部署 their skills技能 to turn
a 9-1 lead for their team球队
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能够利用他们的技巧
将他们球队 9 比 1 的领先,
06:29
into a 9-9 game游戏 in which哪一个 everybody每个人
is intensely激烈 involved参与.
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进行到 9 比 9,这样每个人
都能积极参与其中。
06:34
And my friend朋友 who hits点击
these high, looping循环 lobsLob
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我有个朋友会打吊高转球,
06:39
that smaller players玩家 flail连枷 at and miss小姐 --
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小个子球员只能乱打,根本接不到——
06:43
well, he wins a lot of points,
but I think he's thought of as a loser失败者.
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他能赢很多分,
但我觉得他却是个输家。
06:48
In Japan日本, a game游戏 of ping-pong乒乓
is really like an act法案 of love.
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在日本,乒乓比赛真的像是爱的举动。
06:54
You're learning学习 how to play with somebody,
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你学习如何和别人一起比赛,
06:56
rather than against反对 her.
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而不是赢过别人。
06:59
And I'll confess承认,
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我承认,
07:00
at first, this seemed似乎 to me
to take all the fun开玩笑 out of the sport运动.
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起初,我觉得这样完全
剥夺了运动的乐趣。
07:05
I couldn't不能 exult欢欣鼓舞 after a tremendous巨大 upset烦乱
victory胜利 against反对 our strongest最强 players玩家,
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我无法在赢下最强球员后
感受到胜利的喜悦,
07:10
because six minutes分钟 later后来,
with a new partner伙伴,
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因为六分钟后,
和一个新的搭档在一起。
07:13
I was falling落下 behind背后 again.
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我又落后了。
07:15
On the other hand,
I never felt disconsolate.
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另一方面,我从未感到悲伤。
07:20
And when I flew away from Japan日本
and started开始 playing播放 singles单打 again
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当我飞离日本,又开始和我的英国同僚
07:24
with my English英语 archrival对手,
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进行单打时,
07:27
I noticed注意到 that after every一切 defeat打败,
I was really brokenhearted失恋.
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我注意到每次失败后,
我真的非常伤心。
07:33
But after every一切 victory胜利,
I couldn't不能 sleep睡觉 either,
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但每次胜利后,我也无法入眠,
07:37
because I knew知道 there was
only one way to go,
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因为我知道接下来只有一条路可走,
07:39
and that was down.
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那就是下坡路。
07:43
Now, if I were trying to do
business商业 in Japan日本,
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如果我尝试在日本做生意,
07:47
this would lead to endless无穷 frustration挫折.
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这会导致无尽的沮丧。
07:51
In Japan日本, unlike不像 elsewhere别处,
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在日本,不像其他地方,
07:53
if the score得分了 is still level水平
after four hours小时,
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如果四小时后比分依然持平,
07:56
a baseball棒球 game游戏 ends结束 in a tie领带,
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棒球比赛会以平局结束,
08:00
and because the league联盟 standings积分榜
are based基于 on winning胜利 percentage百分比,
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而因为联赛排名依据胜率,
08:05
a team球队 with quite相当 a few少数 ties联系
can finish ahead
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一个有一些平局的队伍
08:08
of a team球队 with more victories胜利.
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可以比赢得多场比赛的队伍
排名更靠前。
08:12
One of the first times an American美国
was ever brought over to Japan日本
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起初有一个名叫鲍比·瓦伦丁的
美国人被带到日本
08:15
to lead a professional专业的
Japanese日本 baseball棒球 team球队,
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来领导一个职业日本棒球队,
08:19
Bobby鲍比 Valentine情人节, in 1995,
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那时是 1995 年,
08:22
he took this really mediocre平庸 squad,
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他带着这个平庸的队伍,
08:24
he lead them to a stunning令人惊叹
second-place第二个地方 finish,
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最终惊人的拿下了第二名,
08:28
and he was instantly即刻 fired解雇.
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然而他立刻被解雇了。
08:30
Why?
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为什么?
08:31
"Well," said the team球队 spokesman发言人,
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“嗯,”球队发言人说,
08:33
"because of his emphasis重点 on winning胜利."
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“因为他总强调赢下比赛。”
08:37
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
08:38
Official官方 Japan日本 can feel
quite相当 a lot like that point
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官方的日本感觉像是
08:41
that was said to last
two hours小时 and 12 minutes分钟,
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那据说花了两小时 12 分钟
才拿下的一分,
08:45
and playing播放 not to lose失去
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而不想输球的比赛
08:47
can take all the imagination想像力,
the daring大胆, the excitement激动, out of things.
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会剥夺所有的想象、冒险和兴奋。
同时,在日本打乒乓
08:54
At the same相同 time,
playing播放 ping-pong乒乓 in Japan日本
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08:58
reminds提醒 me why choirs合唱团
regularly经常 enjoy请享用 more fun开玩笑
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让我想到了为何相比独唱,
09:03
than soloists独唱.
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合唱常常更有趣。
09:05
In a choir唱诗班, your only job工作 is to play
your small part部分 perfectly完美,
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在合唱队,你的唯一工作就是
唱好你的那一声部,
09:11
to hit击中 your notes笔记 with feeling感觉,
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有感情的唱对音符,
09:14
and by so doing, to help to create创建
a beautiful美丽 harmony和谐
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这样做才能构建
09:18
that's much greater更大
than the sum of its parts部分.
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比单纯齐唱更美的和声。
09:23
Yes, every一切 choir唱诗班 does need a conductor导体,
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是的,每个合唱团都需要一个指挥,
09:26
but I think a choir唱诗班 releases发布 you
from a child's孩子的 simple简单 sense of either-ors任一.
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但我认为合唱让你脱离了
对于对错的简单理解。
09:33
You come to see that the opposite对面
of winning胜利 isn't losing失去 --
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你意识到胜利的对面并不是失败——
09:38
it's failing失败 to see the larger picture图片.
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而是不能看到更大的格局。
09:43
As my life goes on,
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随着我生命的继续,
09:46
I'm really startled to see that no event事件
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我才真正认识到没有一个事情
09:50
can properly正确 be assessed评估
for years年份 after it has unfolded展开.
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能够在它发生的几年后
被正确的评价。
09:57
I once一旦 lost丢失 everything
I owned拥有的 in the world世界,
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我曾经在一场野火中
失去了我在这世界上
10:01
every一切 last thing, in a wildfire磷火.
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拥有的所有东西,每一件东西。
10:05
But in time, I came来了 to see
that it was that seeming表面上的 loss失利
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但是逐渐的,我意识到
这看上去的损失
10:09
that allowed允许 me to live生活
on the earth地球 more gently平缓,
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让我能在地球上生活的更平和,
10:13
to write without notes笔记,
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让我不用笔记就能写作,
10:16
and actually其实, to move移动 to Japan日本
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也让我搬去日本,
10:18
and the inner health健康 club俱乐部
known已知 as the ping-pong乒乓 table.
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接触到了内在的健康俱乐部,
也就是乒乓球桌。
10:23
Conversely反过来, I once一旦 stumbled迷迷糊糊
into the perfect完善 job工作,
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相反的,我曾经有一份完美的工作,
10:28
and I came来了 to see that seeming表面上的 happiness幸福
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而我逐渐意识到这种表面的快乐
10:31
can stand in the way of true真正 joy喜悦
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实际上相比苦难会更加阻碍
10:34
even more than misery苦难 does.
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真正的快乐。
10:37
Playing播放 doubles双打 in Japan日本
really relieves可以减压 me of all my anxiety焦虑,
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在日本打双打让我真正
脱离了所有的焦虑,
10:43
and at the end结束 of an evening晚间,
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在一天结束时,
10:44
I notice注意 everybody每个人 is filing备案 out
in a more or less equal等于 state of delight.
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我注意到每个人
都表现出了差不多的欢乐。
10:52
I'm reminded提醒 every一切 night
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我每一晚都被提醒,
10:54
that not getting得到 ahead
isn't the same相同 thing as falling落下 behind背后
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没有领先并不等同于落后,
11:00
any more than not being存在 lively活泼
is the same相同 thing as being存在 dead.
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就好似没有活力并不等同于死亡。
11:06
And I've come to understand理解 why it is
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我意识到为什么
11:08
that Chinese中文 universities高校
are said to offer提供 degrees in ping-pong乒乓,
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中国大学会颁发乒乓球的文凭,
11:14
and why researchers研究人员
have found发现 that ping-pong乒乓
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为什么研究人员发现乒乓球
11:17
can actually其实 help a little
with mild温和 mental心理 disorders障碍
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实际上可以减缓轻度的心理疾病,
11:21
and even autism自闭症.
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甚至是自闭症。
11:24
But as I watch the 2020 Olympics奥运会 in Tokyo东京,
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但当我在东京观看
2020 年奥运会的时候,
11:28
I'm going to be keenly敏锐地 aware知道的
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我清楚的意识到
11:31
that it won't惯于 be possible可能
to tell who's谁是 won韩元 or who's谁是 lost丢失
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在相当长的一段时间,谁赢谁输
11:35
for a very long time.
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将很难分辨。
11:39
You remember记得 that point I mentioned提到
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还记得我刚才提过的
11:42
that was said to last
for two hours小时 and 12 minutes分钟?
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那个据说持续了
两小时 12 分钟的一分吗?
11:45
Well, one of the players玩家 from that game游戏
ended结束 up, six years年份 later后来,
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六年后,比赛中的其中一个球员
11:50
in the concentration浓度 camps营地
of Auschwitz奥斯威辛 and Dachau达豪.
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被送进了奥斯维辛和达豪集中营。
11:55
But he walked out alive.
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但他活着走了出来。
11:59
Why?
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为什么?
12:00
Simply只是 because a guard守卫 in the gas加油站 chamber
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仅仅是因为毒气室的守卫
12:03
recognized认可 him from
his ping-pong乒乓 playing播放 days.
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因为他的乒乓事迹认出了他。
12:08
Had he been the winner优胜者 of that epic史诗 match比赛?
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他是那场史诗级比赛的胜者吗?
12:11
It hardly几乎不 mattered要紧.
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这已不重要。
12:12
As you recall召回, many许多 people had filed提交 out
before even the first point was concluded总结.
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可能你还记得,许多人在
第一个比分揭晓前就离开了。
12:19
The only thing that saved保存 him
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拯救他的唯一东西
12:21
was the fact事实 that he took part部分.
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就是他曾经参与了这场比赛的事实。
12:25
The best最好 way to win赢得 any game游戏,
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每隔一晚日本就告诉我,
12:27
Japan日本 tells告诉 me every一切 other night,
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赢得任何比赛的最好方式,
12:30
is never, never to think about the score得分了.
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就是永远,永远都不要想着分数。
12:37
Thank you.
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谢谢。
12:38
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Lipeng Chen
Reviewed by psjmz mz

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Pico Iyer - Global author
Pico Iyer has spent more than 30 years tracking movement and stillness -- and the way criss-crossing cultures have changed the world, our imagination and all our relationships.

Why you should listen

In twelve books, covering everything from Revolutionary Cuba to the XIVth Dalai Lama, Islamic mysticism to our lives in airports, Pico Iyer has worked to chronicle the accelerating changes in our outer world, which sometimes make steadiness and rootedness in our inner world more urgent than ever. In his TED Book, The Art of Stillness, he draws upon travels from North Korea to Iran to remind us how to remain focused and sane in an age of frenzied distraction. As he writes in the book, "Almost everybody I know has this sense of overdosing on information and getting dizzy living at post-human speeds ... All of us instinctively feel that something inside us is crying out for more spaciousness and stillness to offset the exhilarations of this movement and the fun and diversion of the modern world."

More profile about the speaker
Pico Iyer | Speaker | TED.com