ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mac Stone - Photographer
Florida-based photographer Mac Stone specializes in documenting the Everglades, an area he prizes for its wildlife and flora.

Why you should listen

Mac Stone is a conservation photographer from Gainesville, Florida. Growing up exploring the springs, swamps, and hammocks of North Central Florida, he developed a passion for photography at a young age.

Over the years his camera has carried him to some of the most remote and imperiled areas this side of the globe. For six months, Stone lived in Ecuador during the presidential overthrow of 2005 and worked with Wildlife Conservation Society biologists in the Amazon rainforest. Soon after, he moved to Honduras and lived in a small village along the Cangrejal River. For two years he taught photography to underprivileged youth as a way to raise environmental awareness in the region. Some of the students have gone on to win international acclaim and start up their own eco-tourism businesses. Through photography, Stone strives to start new conversations and expose the dynamic relationship between mankind and the natural world.

Currently, his work focuses on America's swamps in an attempt to change public opinion towards our country’s wetlands. After spending five years living and working in the Everglades watershed, he will be releasing a 304-page coffee table book about the heralded River of Grass. Everglades: America's Wetland, published by University Press of Florida in October 2014 has won a silver medal with the Florida Book Awards and is now in its second printing.

More profile about the speaker
Mac Stone | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxUF

Mac Stone: Stunning photos of the endangered Everglades

麥克.史東: 瀕臨滅絕的美國大沼澤地絕美照片

Filmed:
1,268,200 views

幾個世紀以來,人都一直視沼澤和濕地為障礙而極力避開。但是攝影師麥克.史東一直在記錄佛羅里達大沼澤地中那些野生動物的故事——沼澤並非障礙,而是國家寶藏。透過他那些絕美的照片,史東以一種新的視角為我們展現一個古老、重要,卻被忽略的荒野之地。他要傳達的訊息是:走出去親自體驗吧!「做就對了,把你的腳伸入水中吧!」他說:「我保證,沼澤會改變你的。」
- Photographer
Florida-based photographer Mac Stone specializes in documenting the Everglades, an area he prizes for its wildlife and flora. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
So I've had the great privilege特權
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我曾有幸遊覽過
00:14
of traveling旅行 to some incredible難以置信 places地方,
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一些非常不可思議的地方,
00:17
photographing拍攝 these distant遙遠 landscapes景觀
and remote遠程 cultures文化
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並為這些遍佈全球的
遙遠風景和邊緣文化
00:21
all over the world世界.
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拍攝照片。
00:22
I love my job工作.
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我熱愛我的工作。
00:24
But people think it's
this string of epiphanies頓悟
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大家都以為我的工作
應該伴隨著一連串的頓悟、
00:26
and sunrises太陽升起 and rainbows彩虹,
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日出和彩虹,
00:29
when in reality現實, it looks容貌
more something like this.
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可是在現實中,往往是這樣的。
00:32
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
00:33
This is my office辦公室.
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這就是我的辦公室。
我們無法提供最理想的過夜之所,
00:35
We can't afford給予 the fanciest最高檔 places地方
to stay at night,
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00:38
so we tend趨向 to sleep睡覺 a lot outdoors在戶外.
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所以我們常常露宿野外。
只要我們能保持乾燥,
00:41
As long as we can stay dry,
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00:42
that's a bonus獎金.
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就是一種福利。
00:44
We also can't afford給予
the fanciest最高檔 restaurants餐館.
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我們也沒錢吃最高級的餐館。
00:46
So we tend趨向 to eat
whatever's任何的 on the local本地 menu菜單.
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所以我們要入鄉隨俗地吃當地食物。
如果你去到厄瓜多的 Páramo,
00:50
And if you're in the Ecuadorian厄瓜多爾ramo拉莫,
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00:53
you're going to eat
a large rodent囓齒動物 called a cuyCUY.
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你將能吃到一種超大的天竺鼠。
00:55
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
00:57
But what makes品牌 our experiences經驗
perhaps也許 a little bit different不同
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但是真正鑄就我們那些
與眾不同獨特經驗的,
01:01
and a little more unique獨特
than that of the average平均 person
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也許就是哪種扎根
在我們的腦海中的想法,
01:03
is that we have this gnawing thing
in the back of our mind心神
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01:07
that even in our darkest最黑暗 moments瞬間,
and those times of despair絕望,
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那就是即使在我們最黑暗的時刻,
和那些絕望的瞬間,
01:11
we think, "Hey, there might威力 be
an image圖片 to be made製作 here,
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我們都還會想到:
「嗨,我們該為這裡拍張照片,
01:15
there might威力 be a story故事 to be told."
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這裡的故事應該讓更多人知道。 」
為什麼講故事如此重要?
01:18
And why is storytelling評書 important重要?
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01:20
Well, it helps幫助 us to connect with our
cultural文化 and our natural自然 heritage遺產.
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因為,故事是我們與自身文化
和自然遺產的連接紐帶。
01:25
And in the Southeast東南,
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但是在美國東南部,
01:26
there's an alarming驚人 disconnect斷開
between之間 the public上市
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公眾與自然區域之間
響起了彼此失聯的警鐘,
01:29
and the natural自然 areas that allow允許
us to be here in the first place地點.
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而這片自然區域
恰是我們能進入這裡的大門。
我們都是視覺生物,
01:33
We're visual視覺 creatures生物,
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01:35
so we use what we see
to teach us what we know.
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所以我們用親眼所見的
去教導我們所知的。
我們中的大多數人
都非常不願意
01:39
Now the majority多數 of us
aren't going to willingly甘心 go
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01:42
way down to a swamp沼澤.
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走入一片沼澤。
01:44
So how can we still expect期望
those same相同 people to then advocate主張
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所以我們要如何繼續期待這些人,
會成為提倡保護濕地的表率呢?
01:48
on behalf代表 of their protection保護?
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我們做不到。
01:50
We can't.
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01:51
So my job工作, then, is to use photography攝影
as a communication通訊 tool工具,
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所以我的工作就是,
用攝影作為傳達工具,
01:55
to help bridge the gap間隙
between之間 the science科學 and the aesthetics美學,
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在科學與美學之間
搭起一座橋樑。
01:59
to get people talking,
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讓人們交談,
02:01
to get them thinking思維,
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讓人們思考,
02:02
and to hopefully希望, ultimately最終,
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然後最終希望,
02:04
get them caring愛心.
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讓他們關心自然。
02:06
I started開始 doing this 15 years年份 ago
right here in Gainesville蓋恩斯維爾,
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15年前,我就在蓋恩斯維爾
這裡從事攝影工作,
02:09
right here in my backyard後院.
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就在我家後院中。
02:11
And I fell下跌 in love
with adventure冒險 and discovery發現,
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我熱愛冒險、發現,
02:14
going to explore探索
all these different不同 places地方
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以及去探索所有的那些
02:16
that were just minutes分鐘
from my front面前 doorstep門階.
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離我家只有幾分鐘路程的不同地方。
02:18
There are a lot
of beautiful美麗 places地方 to find.
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在那裡,可以找到許多美麗的地方。
即便這麼多年過去,
02:21
Despite儘管 all these years年份 that have passed通過,
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02:24
I still see the world世界
through通過 the eyes眼睛 of a child兒童
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我依然用孩童的目光
去看待這個世界,
02:26
and I try to incorporate合併
that sense of wonderment驚愕
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並且我每次都盡我所能地
02:29
and that sense of curiosity好奇心
into my photography攝影
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嘗試將那些驚歎和好奇的感受,
用我的攝影描繪出來。
02:34
as often經常 as I can.
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02:37
And we're pretty漂亮 lucky幸運
because here in the South,
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而且我們非常幸運,因為在南部,
02:39
we're still blessed幸福
with a relatively相對 blank空白 canvas帆布
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我們何其有幸地擁有
這麼一塊空白的畫布,
02:42
that we can fill with the most
fanciful撒嬌的 adventures冒險
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讓我們得以在上面填滿
最富有想像力的冒險,
02:45
and incredible難以置信 experiences經驗.
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和難以置信的體驗。
02:48
It's just a matter of how far
our imagination想像力 will take us.
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想像力有多遠,我們就走多遠。
很多人看著這張照片說道:
02:52
See, a lot of people
look at this and they say,
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「哇哦,這棵樹真漂亮。」
02:54
"Oh yeah, wow, that's a pretty漂亮 tree."
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02:56
But I don't just see a tree --
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可是我看到的不僅僅是樹,
02:57
I look at this and I see opportunity機會.
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當我望著這張照片時,
我看到的是契機,
03:00
I see an entire整個 weekend週末.
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和一整個愉快的週末。
03:03
Because when I was a kid孩子,
these were the types類型 of images圖片
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因為在我的孩提時代,
正是這類照片
03:05
that got me off the sofa沙發
and dared me to explore探索,
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讓我離開沙發激勵我去探索,
03:08
dared me to go find the woods樹木
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激勵我去尋找森林,
03:09
and put my head underwater水下
and see what we have.
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讓我潛入水底去探查裡面裝著什麼。
諸位,我的攝影足跡遍佈全球。
03:13
And folks鄉親, I've been photographing拍攝
all over the world世界
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03:16
and I promise諾言 you,
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我向你們保證,
03:17
what we have here in the South,
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我們在南部所擁有的,
03:19
what we have in the Sunshine陽光 State,
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我們在陽光之州佛羅里達所擁有的,
03:20
rivals對手 anything else其他 that I've seen看到.
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足以媲美我見過的任何風景。
但是我們的旅遊業卻在
極力推銷那些錯誤的東西。
03:23
But yet然而 our tourism旅遊 industry行業 is busy
promoting促進 all the wrong錯誤 things.
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大部分的孩子在12歲前
去迪士尼世界的次數,
03:28
Before most kids孩子 are 12,
they'll他們會 have been to Disney迪士尼 World世界
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03:31
more times than they've他們已經 been in a canoe獨木舟
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遠遠超出他們在佈滿繁星的星空下,
03:33
or camping露營 under a starry星光燦爛 sky天空.
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乘駕獨木舟或露營的次數。
當然我並非反對迪士尼和米老鼠;
我以前也去過。
03:36
And I have nothing against反對 Disney迪士尼
or Mickey米奇; I used to go there, too.
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03:40
But they're missing失踪 out on those
fundamental基本的 connections連接
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但是他們因此錯失了
03:43
that create創建 a real真實 sense
of pride自豪 and ownership所有權
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可以創造他們與故鄉之間那種
03:46
for the place地點 that they call home.
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驕傲感與認同感的基礎連結。
03:49
And this is compounded複合 by the issue問題
that the landscapes景觀
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這是一系列互相關聯的問題:
風景塑造了我們的自然遺產,
03:52
that define確定 our natural自然 heritage遺產
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03:54
and fuel汽油 our aquifer含水層
for our drinking water
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並且補充著我們的地下蓄水層,
以供給被我們認為是
03:57
have been deemed認為 as scary害怕
and dangerous危險 and spooky幽靈般的.
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可怕、危險,
和令人毛骨悚然的飲用水。
當我們的祖先第一次踏上這片土地,
04:02
When our ancestors祖先 first came來了 here,
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04:04
they warned警告, "Stay out
of these areas, they're haunted鬧鬼.
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他們警告說:
「遠離那些區域,那裡鬧鬼,
04:06
They're full充分 of evil邪惡 spirits and ghosts."
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那裡充滿了惡靈與幽魂。」
04:09
I don't know where
they came來了 up with that idea理念.
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我不知道他們這些想法
是從哪得來的。
04:12
But it's actually其實 led
to a very real真實 disconnect斷開,
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但它確實造成了一種分離、
04:15
a very real真實 negative mentality心理
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一種非常消極的心理,
04:17
that has kept不停 the public上市
disinterested無私, silent無聲,
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讓公眾對這裡漠不關心和沉默,
04:20
and ultimately最終, our environment環境 at risk風險.
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以致最終,
讓我們的環境處於危險之中。
04:24
We're a state that's surrounded包圍
and defined定義 by water,
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我們是一個由水
包圍和構成的州,
04:27
and yet然而 for centuries百年,
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可是幾個世紀以來,
04:29
swamps沼澤 and wetlands沼澤地 have been regarded認為
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沼澤與濕地被視為是
04:31
as these obstacles障礙 to overcome克服.
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我們需要克服的障礙。
04:34
And so we've我們已經 treated治療 them
as these second-class二等 ecosystems生態系統,
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因此我們將其當做是
次要的生態系統,
04:38
because they have
very little monetary貨幣 value
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因為它們在金錢上的價值很小。
04:40
and of course課程, they're known已知
to harbor港口 alligators短吻鱷 and snakes --
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當然,裡面也是短吻鱷
和蛇類的避風港。
04:44
which哪一個, I'll admit承認, these aren't
the most cuddly可愛 of ambassadors大使.
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我不得不承認,
牠們並非這片土地最可愛的使者。
04:47
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
04:48
So it became成為 assumed假定, then,
that the only good swamp沼澤
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所以大家會認為,最好的沼澤
04:51
was a drained倒掉 swamp沼澤.
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應該是一片乾涸的沼澤。
但事實上,
04:53
And in fact事實,
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04:54
draining排水 a swamp沼澤 to make way
for agriculture農業 and development發展
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為了農業和開發鋪路
而排乾沼澤的做法,
04:57
was considered考慮 the very essence本質
of conservation保護 not too long ago.
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不久前還被認為是一種
保護濕地的絕對手段。
但是現在我們改變了想法,
05:02
But now we're backpedaling倒退,
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05:04
because the more we come to learn學習
about these sodden landscapes景觀,
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因為我們越深入去了解
這些豐澤的景色,
05:07
the more secrets秘密 we're starting開始 to unlock開鎖
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我們解鎖的奧秘便越多,
05:09
about interspecies異種 relationships關係
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關於各個物種間的關係,
05:11
and the connectivity連接 of habitats棲息地,
watersheds分水嶺 and flyways飛路.
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牠們棲息地之間的關聯,
分佈流域和遷徙路線。
以這種鳥為例。
05:17
Take this bird, for example:
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05:19
this is the prothonotaryprothonotary warbler.
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這是一隻蘭翅黃森鶯。
05:20
I love this bird because
it's a swamp沼澤 bird,
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我喜歡這種鳥,因為牠是沼澤鳥。
05:23
through通過 and through通過, a swamp沼澤 bird.
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徹徹底底的沼澤鳥。
05:24
They nest and they mate伴侶 and they breed品種
in these old-growth古老的 swamps沼澤
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牠們從築巢到交配到繁育
都在這片古老的沼澤,
和被水浸沒的森林中。
05:28
in these flooded forests森林.
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05:30
And so after the spring彈簧,
after they raise提高 their young年輕,
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春天過後等牠們把雛鳥哺育成年,
05:32
they then fly thousand of miles英里
over the Gulf海灣 of Mexico墨西哥
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牠們將飛越數千英里
橫跨墨西哥灣,
05:35
into Central中央 and South America美國.
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進入美國中南部。
然後渡過寒冬,
05:37
And then after the winter冬季,
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05:39
the spring彈簧 rolls勞斯萊斯 around
and they come back.
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春天重臨大地,牠們便會返航。
05:41
They fly thousands數千 of miles英里
over the Gulf海灣 of Mexico墨西哥.
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牠們再次飛越數千英里
橫跨墨西哥灣。
05:44
And where do they go? Where do they land土地?
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牠們去了哪裡?牠們在哪著陸?
牠們回到了同一顆樹。
05:47
Right back in the same相同 tree.
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這太迷人了。
05:50
That's nuts堅果.
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05:52
This is a bird the size尺寸
of a tennis網球 ball --
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這種鳥的體型只有網球大小。
05:55
I mean, that's crazy!
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我覺得,這太神奇了!
05:57
I used a GPS全球定位系統 to get here today今天,
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我今天靠GPS導航才能來到這,
05:59
and this is my hometown家鄉.
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而且這還是在我的家鄉。
06:01
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
06:02
It's crazy.
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太不可思議了。
06:04
So what happens發生, then, when this bird
flies蒼蠅 over the Gulf海灣 of Mexico墨西哥
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所以,當這種鳥橫跨墨西哥灣,
06:08
into Central中央 America美國 for the winter冬季
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進入美國中南部過冬,
06:09
and then the spring彈簧 rolls勞斯萊斯 around
and it flies蒼蠅 back,
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然後春天重返時,牠會再飛回來,
06:12
and it comes back to this:
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回來所看到的卻是這種景象:
06:15
a freshly新鮮 soddedsodded golf高爾夫球 course課程?
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一個新鮮的草地高爾夫球場?
06:17
This is a narrative敘述 that's
all too commonly常用 unraveling解開
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這種事情對於我們這個州來說,
06:20
here in this state.
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再尋常不過了。
06:21
And this is a natural自然 process處理
that's occurred發生 for thousands數千 of years年份
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這一自然歷程存在數千年之久,
但我們最近才學會了解它。
06:25
and we're just now learning學習 about it.
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06:26
So you can imagine想像 all else其他 we have
to learn學習 about these landscapes景觀
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所以你可以想像這片風景中
還有多少這樣的事情需要去了解,
06:30
if we just preserve保留 them first.
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但前提是我們要保護它們。
06:31
Now despite儘管 all this rich豐富 life
that abounds盛產 in these swamps沼澤,
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現在雖然有如此豐富的物種
生活在沼澤中,
06:36
they still have a bad name名稱.
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它們卻始終惡名昭彰。
06:38
Many許多 people feel uncomfortable不舒服
with the idea理念 of wading涉水
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許多人想到自己跋涉在
佛羅里達的黑水河中時,
他們會覺得不舒服。
06:42
into Florida's佛羅里達州 blackwater黑色的水.
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06:44
I can understand理解 that.
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我理解這種感受。
06:46
But what I loved喜愛 about growing生長 up
in the Sunshine陽光 State
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但是在陽光之州長大的我,
喜歡這裡的原因是,
06:49
is that for so many許多 of us,
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我們之中的大多數人,
06:50
we live生活 with this latent
but very palpable明顯的 fear恐懼
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樂於與顯見的潛在恐懼
一同生活,
06:54
that when we put our toes腳趾 into the water,
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當我們將腳趾深入水中,
06:56
there might威力 be something much more ancient
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那裡可能存在著某些
比我們更加古老、
06:59
and much more adapted適應 than we are.
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比我們更加適應這個環境的生物。
07:02
Knowing會心 that you're not top最佳 dog
is a welcomed歡迎 discomfort不舒服, I think.
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當你了解到自己並非這裡的主宰時,
這是非常難受和不安的。
在這個現代化、
城市化和數位化的時代,
07:08
How often經常 in this modern現代
and urban城市的 and digital數字 age年齡
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07:11
do you actually其實 get the chance機會
to feel vulnerable弱勢,
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你有多少機會去體驗脆弱感,
07:15
or consider考慮 that the world世界 may可能 not
have been made製作 for just us?
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或者思考這個世界
未必是專為我們而建造的?
07:19
So for the last decade,
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所以在過去的十年間,
07:21
I began開始 seeking out these areas
where the concrete具體 yields產量 to forest森林
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我在探尋從鋼筋叢林到真正的森林,
07:24
and the pines松樹 turn to cypress,
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從松樹林到柏木林的區域,
07:26
and I viewed觀看 all these
mosquitoes蚊子 and reptiles爬行動物,
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然後我看遍了所有的蚊子和爬蟲類,
07:30
all these discomforts不適,
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所有這些讓人不舒服的生物,
07:31
as affirmations肯定 that I'd found發現
true真正 wilderness荒野,
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我肯定我找到了真正的荒野,
07:35
and I embrace擁抱 them wholly.
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我擁抱它們所有的一切。
07:37
Now as a conservation保護 photographer攝影師
obsessed痴迷 with blackwater黑色的水,
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身為一個著迷於黑水河的
環境保護攝影師,
07:41
it's only fitting配件 that I'd
eventually終於 end結束 up
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我最終找到了唯一適合我的地方,
07:43
in the most famous著名 swamp沼澤 of all:
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也是所有的沼澤地中最著名的地方:
07:45
the Everglades大沼澤地.
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大沼澤地。
在佛羅里達長大,
07:47
Growing生長 up here in North Central中央 Florida佛羅里達,
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07:49
it always had these enchanted入迷 names,
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這裡總有一些充滿魔力的地名,
07:50
places地方 like LoxahatcheeLoxahatchee and FakahatcheeFakahatchee,
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像洛克瑟哈和斐克瑟哈,
07:54
Corkscrew螺旋形的, Big Cypress.
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螺絲錐、大絲柏等。
07:56
I started開始 what turned轉身
into a five-year五年 project項目
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我開始了一個
後來耗時五年的計畫,
07:59
to hopefully希望 reintroduce重新引入
the Everglades大沼澤地 in a new light,
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希望以一種嶄新、
且更具啟發性的角度,
08:03
in a more inspired啟發 light.
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向世人重新介紹大沼澤地。
08:05
But I knew知道 this would be a tall order訂購,
because here you have an area
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但我知道這會非常辛苦,因為這裡,
08:09
that's roughly大致 a third第三 the size尺寸
the state of Florida佛羅里達, it's huge巨大.
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大致有佛羅里達州的三分之一大,
它太大了。
08:12
And when I say Everglades大沼澤地,
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當我說到大沼澤地的時候,
08:13
most people are like,
"Oh, yeah, the national國民 park公園."
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可能大部分人會說:
「哦,對,國家公園。」
08:16
But the Everglades大沼澤地 is not just a park公園;
it's an entire整個 watershed分水嶺,
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但是大沼澤地不僅僅是公園,
它是一整片流域,
08:21
starting開始 with the Kissimmee基西米
chain of lakes湖泊 in the north,
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發源於北方湖泊的基西米河流域。
08:24
and then as the rains降雨
would fall秋季 in the summer夏季,
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當夏天雨季來臨,
08:26
these downpours大雨 would flow
into Lake Okeechobee奧基喬比,
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傾盆大雨注入奧科喬比湖,
08:28
and Lake Okeechobee奧基喬比 would fill up
and it would overflow溢出 its banks銀行
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奧科喬比湖水滿漲時會漫過堤岸,
08:32
and spill southward向南, ever slowly慢慢地,
with the topography地形,
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順著地勢緩慢向南方流去,
08:35
and get into the river of grass,
the Sawgrass鋸齒草 Prairies大草原,
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最後進入青草之湖
索格拉斯大草原,
08:38
before meting生根 into the cypress slews壓擺率,
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之後再進入大片松柏林,
08:40
until直到 going further進一步 south
into the mangrove紅樹 swamps沼澤,
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然後一直向北方蔓延
流入紅樹林沼澤,
08:42
and then finally最後 -- finally最後 --
reaching到達 Florida佛羅里達 Bay,
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最終抵達佛羅里達灣,
08:46
the emerald gem寶石 of the Everglades大沼澤地,
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猶如大沼澤地上的祖母綠寶石,
08:48
the great estuary河口,
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這片壯闊的港灣,
08:49
the 850 square-mile平方英里 estuary河口.
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有著850平方英里。
08:52
So sure, the national國民 park公園
is the southern南部的 end結束 of this system系統,
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所以可以確定的是,國家公園只是
這整個系統的最南端,
08:56
but all the things that make it unique獨特
are these inputs輸入 that come in,
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但是讓它變得與眾不同的是,
那些從100英里外的北方
奔騰而至的淡水。
09:00
the fresh新鮮 water that starts啟動
100 miles英里 north.
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09:02
So no manner方式 of these political政治
or invisible無形 boundaries邊界
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沒有政策或是那些看不見的約束
09:06
protect保護 the park公園 from polluted污染 water
or insufficient不足 water.
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可以保護公園遠離水汙染或乾旱。
09:11
And unfortunately不幸, that's precisely恰恰
what we've我們已經 doneDONE.
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所以不幸的是,會有這樣的結果
也是我們造成的。
過去60年中,
09:14
Over the last 60 years年份,
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09:16
we have drained倒掉, we have dammed截流,
we have dredged疏浚 the Everglades大沼澤地
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我們泄水、築垻、挖掘大沼澤地,
09:19
to where now only one third第三 of the water
that used to reach達到 the bay
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以至於現在抵達佛羅里達灣的水量,
只有過去的三分之一。
09:23
now reaches到達 the bay today今天.
203
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2007
09:26
So this story故事 is not all sunshine陽光
and rainbows彩虹, unfortunately不幸.
204
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所以不幸的是,
這個故事不全是陽光和彩虹
無論好壞與否,
09:30
For better or for worse更差,
205
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1886
09:32
the story故事 of the Everglades大沼澤地
is intrinsically本質 tied
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大沼澤地的故事,
本質上與人類和大自然關係的起伏好壞
09:36
to the peaks and the valleys山谷
of mankind's人類的 relationship關係
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09:39
with the natural自然 world世界.
208
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是緊密相連的。
09:41
But I'll show顯示 you
these beautiful美麗 pictures圖片,
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但是我要給你們展示一些美麗的照片,
09:43
because it gets得到 you on board.
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因為這樣才能讓你們進入狀態。
09:44
And while I have your attention注意,
I can tell you the real真實 story故事.
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當你們的注意力被吸引過來時,
我將告訴你們真正的故事。
09:47
It's that we're taking服用 this,
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我們最初看到的是這樣,
09:49
and we're trading貿易 it for this,
213
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但我們以驚人的速度
把它變成了這番景象。
09:52
at an alarming驚人 rate.
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很多人沒有意識到的是
09:55
And what's lost丟失 on so many許多 people
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09:57
is the sheer絕對 scale規模
of which哪一個 we're discussing討論.
216
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我們正在探討的範圍有多麼大。
09:59
Because the Everglades大沼澤地 is not just
responsible主管 for the drinking water
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因為大沼澤地所承載的不僅僅是
為七百萬佛羅里達居民提供飲用水;
10:03
for 7 million百萬 Floridians佛羅里達;
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2204
10:05
today今天 it also provides提供
the agricultural農業的 fields領域
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現在它還灌溉大量農田,
10:07
for the year-round常年 tomatoes番茄 and oranges桔子
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以全年種植番茄和橘子,
10:10
for over 300 million百萬 Americans美國人.
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供應超過三億美國人。
同樣的夏季季節性洪水,
10:14
And it's that same相同 seasonal時令的 pulse脈衝
of water in the summer夏季
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3314
10:17
that built內置 the river of grass
6,000 years年份 ago.
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3893
在六千年前形成了青草之河。
諷刺的是,今天它同樣
承載著超過50萬英畝、
10:22
Ironically諷刺地, today今天, it's also responsible主管
for the over half a million百萬 acres
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4378
10:26
of the endless無窮 river of sugarcane甘蔗.
225
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2455
一望無際的甘蔗田之河。
這也意味著在同樣
這片土地和流域中,
10:29
These are the same相同 fields領域
that are responsible主管
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10:32
for dumping傾銷 exceedingly非常 high levels水平
of fertilizers化肥 into the watershed分水嶺,
227
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施用了極為過量的肥料,
10:36
forever永遠 changing改變 the system系統.
228
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2163
且永遠改變了這裡的生態系統。
10:38
But in order訂購 for you to not just
understand理解 how this system系統 works作品,
229
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3212
為了讓你們不僅僅是了解
這一系統如何運作,
10:41
but to also get personally親自
connected連接的 to it,
230
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同樣能與它產生更切身的聯繫,
10:44
I decided決定 to break打破 the story故事 down
into several一些 different不同 narratives敘事.
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我決定把故事打亂
放進幾段不同的故事中。
10:47
And I wanted that story故事 to start開始
in Lake Okeechobee奧基喬比,
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2788
我想從奧科喬湖比開始我們的故事,
10:50
the beating跳動 heart of the Everglade沼澤地 system系統.
233
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2747
它是大沼澤地生態系統裡
跳動的心臟。
10:52
And to do that, I picked採摘的 an ambassador大使,
234
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2463
為了這樣做,我挑選了一個親善大使,
10:55
an iconic標誌性的 species種類.
235
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1249
一種標誌性的生物。
10:57
This is the Everglade沼澤地 snail蝸牛 kite風箏.
236
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1992
牠是大沼澤地食螺鳶。
一種非常漂亮的鳥,
10:59
It's a great bird,
237
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1246
11:00
and they used to nest in the thousands數千,
238
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1874
牠們以前的數量成千上萬,
11:02
thousands數千 in the northern北方 Everglades大沼澤地.
239
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1803
在沼澤地的北方。
11:04
And then they've他們已經 gone走了 down
to about 400 nesting嵌套 pairs today今天.
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3504
可現在牠們的數量
已經下降到大約400對左右。
11:08
And why is that?
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為什麼會這樣?
11:09
Well, it's because they eat
one source資源 of food餐飲, an apple蘋果 snail蝸牛,
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因為牠們食物單一,只吃蘋果螺,
11:12
about the size尺寸 of a ping-pong乒乓 ball,
an aquatic gastropod.
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一種大小如乒乓球的水生腹足動物。
11:16
So as we started開始 damming築壩 up
the Everglades大沼澤地,
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所以當我們開始排乾大沼澤地時,
11:19
as we started開始 diking築堤 Lake Okeechobee奧基喬比
and draining排水 the wetlands沼澤地,
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當我們疏導奧科喬比湖
並排乾濕地時,
11:22
we lost丟失 the habitat棲息地 for the snail蝸牛.
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我們毀掉了螺類的棲息地。
11:25
And thus從而, the population人口
of the kites風箏 declined下降.
247
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2792
因此,食螺鳶的數量隨之下降。
11:28
And so, I wanted a photo照片 that would
not only communicate通信 this relationship關係
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因此,我想要拍的照片
不僅僅是表達這種
11:31
between之間 wetland濕地, snail蝸牛 and bird,
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濕地、螺類與鳥類的關係,
11:35
but I also wanted a photo照片
that would communicate通信
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而且我還希望照片中能表達
11:37
how incredible難以置信 this relationship關係 was,
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這種關係的不可思議性,
11:40
and how very important重要 it is
that they've他們已經 come to depend依靠 on each other,
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和牠們之間的相互依存性,
對於健康的濕地和鳥類來說
是多麼重要。
11:44
this healthy健康 wetland濕地 and this bird.
253
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1667
11:46
And to do that, I brainstormed頭腦風暴 this idea理念.
254
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1972
為此,我想到了這個辦法。
11:48
I started開始 sketching素描
out these plans計劃 to make a photo照片,
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3238
我開始起草了這個拍攝計劃,
11:51
and I sent發送 it to the wildlife野生動物 biologist生物學家
down in Okeechobee奧基喬比 --
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並把它傳給一名
在奧基喬比野生生物學家,
11:54
this is an endangered瀕危 bird,
so it takes special特別 permission允許 to do.
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這是一種瀕臨滅亡的鳥類
所有需要特別許可才行。
11:57
So I built內置 this submerged platform平台
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所有我製造了一個沉在水中的平台
11:59
that would hold保持 snails蝸牛
just right under the water.
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這樣就會把蘋果螺固定到水下。
12:01
And I spent花費 months個月 planning規劃
this crazy idea理念.
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我花了幾個月的時間
去籌備這個瘋狂的計劃。
12:06
And I took this platform平台
down to Lake Okeechobee奧基喬比
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我把這個平台放入奧科喬比湖,
12:09
and I spent花費 over a week in the water,
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並在水裡待了一個多星期,
12:11
wading涉水 waist-deep齊腰深,
9-hour-小時 shifts轉變 from dawn黎明 until直到 dusk黃昏,
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水深及腰,從拂曉到黃昏
九個小時的移動,
12:14
to get one image圖片 that I thought
might威力 communicate通信 this.
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只為拍下一張能表達
我的構想的照片。
12:18
And here's這裡的 the day that it finally最後 worked工作:
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這是我最終得償所願的那天。
12:20
[Video視頻: (Mac蘋果電腦 Stone narrating話外音)
After setting設置 up the platform平台,
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影片:(史東旁白)
「平台佈置好後,
12:23
I look off and I see a kite風箏
coming未來 over the cattails香蒲.
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我注視著它,
然後我看到有一隻鳶飛過香蒲。
12:25
And I see him scanning掃描 and searching搜索.
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牠一直在掃視和搜尋著。
12:27
And he gets得到 right over the trap陷阱,
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當牠越過這個陷阱後,
12:29
and I see that he's seen看到 it.
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我看到牠有所察覺。
12:30
And he beelinesbeelines,
he goes straight直行 for the trap陷阱.
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然後牠直奔陷阱而去。
12:33
And in that moment時刻,
all those months個月 of planning規劃, waiting等候,
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在那一刻,這數月來的籌劃、等待,
12:36
all the sunburn曬斑, mosquito蚊子 bites咬傷 --
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以及所有的曬傷和蚊蟲叮咬,
12:38
suddenly突然, they're all worth價值 it.
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瞬間,都值得了。」
12:41
(Mac蘋果電腦 Stone in film電影) Oh my gosh天哪,
I can't believe it!]
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(史東在影片中說道:)
「天啊,我簡直不敢相信!」
你們可以想像當時的我有多麼激動。
12:45
You can believe how excited興奮 I was
when that happened發生.
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12:48
But what the idea理念 was,
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但是這個計劃是針對那些
12:49
is that for someone有人
who's誰是 never seen看到 this bird
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從未見過這種鳥、
12:51
and has no reason原因 to care關心 about it,
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也沒有任何理由去關心這種鳥的人,
12:53
these photos相片, these new perspectives觀點,
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這些照片、這些新的認知,
12:56
will help shed a little new light
on just one species種類
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將提供一個新的視角,
單單一個物種
12:59
that makes品牌 this watershed分水嶺
so incredible難以置信, so valuable有價值, so important重要.
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就讓這片流域變得如此不可思議,
如此珍貴和重要。
我知道,我不能來到蓋文斯維爾,
13:04
Now, I know I can't come
here to Gainesville蓋恩斯維爾
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13:07
and talk to you about animals動物
in the Everglades大沼澤地
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跟大家談大沼澤地裡的野生動物時,
13:09
without talking about gators鱷魚.
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卻沒提到短吻鱷。
13:11
I love gators鱷魚, I grew成長 up loving愛心 gators鱷魚.
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我愛短吻鱷,從小到大一直都愛著。
13:14
My parents父母 always said I had
an unhealthy不良 relationship關係 with gators鱷魚.
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我的父母常說
我和短吻鱷有不正常的關係。
13:17
But what I like about them is,
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但我喜歡牠們的原因是,
13:19
they're like the freshwater淡水
equivalent當量 of sharks鯊魚.
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牠們和鯊魚一樣喜愛淡水。
13:21
They're feared害怕, they're hated,
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人們恐懼牠、厭惡牠,
13:23
and they are tragically可悲 misunderstood誤解.
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牠們一直悲慘地被誤解。
13:26
Because these are a unique獨特 species種類,
they're not just apex頂尖 predators大鱷.
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因為牠們是一種獨特的生物,
而不僅僅是頂尖的獵食者。
13:30
In the Everglades大沼澤地,
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在大沼澤地,
13:31
they are the very architects建築師
of the Everglades大沼澤地,
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牠們是大沼澤地出色的建築師,
13:34
because as the water drops滴劑
down in the winter冬季
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因為當冬季水位下降,
13:36
during the dry season季節,
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進入枯水期,
13:37
they start開始 excavating挖掘 these holes
called gator鱷魚 holes.
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牠們開始挖掘短吻鱷洞穴。
13:40
And they do this because
as the water drops滴劑 down,
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牠們這樣做的原因是
當水位下降,
13:42
they'll他們會 be able能夠 to stay wet
and they'll他們會 be able能夠 to forage飼料.
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我們依然可以保持潮濕
而且牠們可以覓食。
當然,這不止造福牠們,
13:46
And now this isn't just affecting影響 them,
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13:48
other animals動物 also depend依靠
on this relationship關係,
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其他的動物也依賴這種關係,
13:51
so they become成為 a keystone拱心石 species種類 as well.
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所以牠們成了一種關鍵性的生物。
13:54
So how do you make an apex頂尖 predator捕食者,
an ancient reptile爬蟲,
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所以這些頂尖獵食者、
古老的爬行生物,
13:58
at once一旦 look like it dominates佔主導地位 the system系統,
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乍看之下,好像主宰著這一生態系統,
14:01
but at the same相同 time, look vulnerable弱勢?
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2443
但同時,要怎麼讓牠們
看起來也是弱勢的一群?
14:04
Well, you wade into a pit
of about 120 of them,
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832706
4043
好吧,不然你進去一個
有120隻短吻鱷的坑試試,
14:08
then you hope希望 that you've made製作
the right decision決定.
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之後你會希望自己做出了正確的決定。
14:11
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
14:13
I still have all my fingers手指, it's cool.
309
841955
1960
我的手指都還在,這很酷。
14:16
But I understand理解, I know
I'm not going to rally團結 you guys,
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但我知道,我並沒要慫恿你們,
14:19
I'm not going to rally團結 the troops軍隊 to
"Save保存 the Everglades大沼澤地 for the gators鱷魚!"
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我不是在對你們宣揚說:
「為了短吻鱷去拯救大沼澤地吧!」
14:23
It won't慣於 happen發生 because
they're so ubiquitous普及,
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851037
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這不可能發生,
因為牠們活得很好,
現在我們到處都可以看見牠們,
14:25
we see them now,
313
853259
1151
14:26
they're one of the great conservation保護
success成功 stories故事 of the US.
314
854434
3342
牠們是美國環境保護的成功典範。
14:29
But there is one species種類 in the Everglades大沼澤地
that no matter who you are,
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857800
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但大沼澤地裡有一種生物
無論你是誰,
都不禁會關愛牠,那就是玫瑰琵鷺。
14:33
you can't help but love, too,
and that's the roseate玫瑰色的 spoonbill.
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3079
14:36
These birds鳥類 are great, but they've他們已經 had
a really tough強硬 time in the Everglades大沼澤地,
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3631
這種鳥極其美麗,但是牠們
在大沼澤的生存卻極其艱難,
14:39
because they started開始 out with thousands數千
of nesting嵌套 pairs in Florida佛羅里達 Bay,
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3466
因為牠們最初在佛羅里達灣
有數以千計的數量,
14:43
and at the turn of the 20th century世紀,
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2063
但到了20世紀,
14:45
they got down to two -- two nesting嵌套 pairs.
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卻僅剩二——兩對。
14:49
And why?
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為什麼?
因為女人認為這種鳥
在她們帽子上
14:50
That's because women婦女 thought
they looked看著 better on their hats帽子
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2896
14:53
then they did flying飛行 in the sky天空.
323
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2013
比飛在天上更好看。
於是我們禁止了羽毛裝飾,
14:56
Then we banned取締 the plume trade貿易,
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884324
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14:58
and their numbers數字 started開始 rebounding反彈.
325
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所以牠們的數量開始回升。
15:00
And as their numbers數字 started開始 rebounding反彈,
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2025
當牠們的數量開始回升後,
15:02
scientists科學家們 began開始 to pay工資 attention注意,
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890948
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科學家開始注意到這種鳥類,
15:04
they started開始 studying研究 these birds鳥類.
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892711
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他們開始研究。
15:06
And what they found發現 out is that
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1485
他們的研究發現,
15:07
these birds'鳥類' behavior行為
is intrinsically本質 tied
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2158
這些鳥的行為,
15:10
to the annual全年 draw-down牽伸
cycle週期 of water in the Everglades大沼澤地,
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本質上與大沼澤地每年水位下降,
15:13
the thing that defines定義
the Everglades大沼澤地 watershed分水嶺.
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2679
及流域一切的循環週期息息相關,
他們發現,
15:16
What they found發現 out is that
333
904291
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15:17
these birds鳥類 started開始 nesting嵌套 in the winter冬季
as the water drew德魯 down,
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905852
3068
這種鳥在冬天水位下降時開始築巢,
15:20
because they're tactile feeders饋線,
so they have to touch觸摸 whatever隨你 they eat.
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因為牠們是感知型的進食動物,
所以牠們必須觸碰食物。
15:24
And so they wait for these
concentrated集中 pools of fish
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912548
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所以牠們會等待這些濃縮後的魚池,
15:27
to be able能夠 to feed飼料 enough足夠
to feed飼料 their young年輕.
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915670
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這樣牠們才有足夠的食物哺育雛鳥。
15:30
So these birds鳥類 became成為 the very icon圖標
of the Everglades大沼澤地 --
338
918877
2989
所以這種鳥成了大沼澤地的象徵——
15:33
an indicator指示符 species種類
of the overall總體 health健康 of the system系統.
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一種顯示著整個生態系統
是否健康的風向指標性生物。
15:37
And just as their numbers數字 were rebounding反彈
in the mid-中-20th century世紀 --
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牠們數量一直回升到二十世紀中葉——
15:40
shooting射擊 up to 900, 1,000, 1,100, 1,200 --
341
928637
4649
數量上升到 900、
1000、1100、1200,
15:45
just as that started開始 happening事件, we started開始
draining排水 the southern南部的 Everglades大沼澤地.
342
933310
3756
數量開始回升的時候,
我們開始排乾南部的大沼澤地。
15:49
And we stopped停止 two-thirds三分之二
of that water from moving移動 south.
343
937090
3504
我們阻斷了三分之二
流向北部的水。
15:52
And it had drastic激烈 consequences後果.
344
940618
2499
而這造成了巨大的影響。
15:55
And just as those numbers數字
started開始 reaching到達 their peak,
345
943584
2614
就當這種鳥的數量達到頂峰時,
15:58
unfortunately不幸, today今天,
the real真實 spoonbill story故事,
346
946222
3073
非常不幸的是,今天,
真實的玫瑰琵鷺,
16:01
the real真實 photo照片 of what it looks容貌 like
is more something like this.
347
949319
4617
真正關於牠們生存現狀的照片
卻是這樣的。
今天佛羅里達灣僅有不到70對琵鷺,
16:07
And we're down to less than 70
nesting嵌套 pairs in Florida佛羅里達 Bay today今天,
348
955007
4616
16:11
because we've我們已經 disrupted破壞
the system系統 so much.
349
959647
2544
因為我們將這一生態系統破壞殆盡。
16:14
So all these different不同 organizations組織
are shouting叫喊, they're screaming尖叫,
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所以所有的環保組織
都在吶喊,都在高呼:
16:17
"The Everglades大沼澤地 is fragile脆弱! It's fragile脆弱!"
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965490
2015
「大沼澤地岌岌可危!岌岌可危!」
16:19
It is not.
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1151
並不是的,
16:20
It is resilient彈性.
353
968704
1550
它是可以恢復的。
16:22
Because despite儘管 all we've我們已經 taken採取,
despite儘管 all we've我們已經 doneDONE and we've我們已經 drained倒掉
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3492
因為無論我們掠奪多少,
無論我們對它做過什麼,
16:25
and we've我們已經 dammed截流 and we've我們已經 dredged疏浚 it,
355
973794
1839
無論我們排乾、築珼或是挖掘,
16:27
pieces of it are still here,
waiting等候 to be put back together一起.
356
975657
2896
那些殘留仍然在這,
等待我們將其復原。
16:30
And this is what I've loved喜愛
about South Florida佛羅里達,
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978577
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這就是我熱愛南佛羅里達的原因。
16:32
that in one place地點, you have
this unstoppable勢不可擋 force of mankind人類
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980855
3774
在這,人們有著無法阻擋的魄力,
16:36
meeting會議 the immovable不能移動的 object目的
of tropical熱帶 nature性質.
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984653
3435
去接觸那些熱情自然裡
無法撼動的事物。
16:40
And it's at this new frontier邊境
that we are forced被迫 with a new appraisal評價.
360
988973
3840
在這片新的疆域
我們被迫重新審視。
16:44
What is wilderness荒野 worth價值?
361
992837
1683
荒野有什麼價值?
16:47
What is the value of biodiversity生物多樣性,
or our drinking water?
362
995119
3094
生物多樣性和飲用水的價值是什麼?
幸運的是,經過數十年思考。
16:51
And fortunately幸好, after decades幾十年 of debate辯論,
363
999195
2433
16:53
we're finally最後 starting開始 to act法案
on those questions問題.
364
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2967
我們終於開始踐行這些問題。
16:56
We're slowly慢慢地 undertaking承諾 these projects項目
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1004643
2357
我們開逐漸實行這些計劃
16:59
to bring帶來 more freshwater淡水 back to the bay.
366
1007024
2496
將更多的淡水注入海灣。
17:01
But it's up to us as citizens公民,
as residents居民, as stewards管家
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1009544
3655
但這取決於我們,
作為公民,作為居民,作為管理者,
17:05
to hold保持 our elected當選 officials官員
to their promises許諾.
368
1013223
2955
去監督我們選出的官員
能履行他們的承諾。
你能幫什麼呢?
17:09
What can you do to help?
369
1017154
1833
17:11
It's so easy簡單.
370
1019011
1255
非常簡單。
17:12
Just get outside, get out there.
371
1020290
1968
只要走出去,走出戶外。
17:14
Take your friends朋友 out, take your kids孩子 out,
372
1022282
2031
帶著你朋友,帶著你的孩子,
17:16
take your family家庭 out.
373
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1575
帶上你的家人一起走出去。
17:17
Hire聘請 a fishing釣魚 guide指南.
374
1025936
1662
雇一個釣魚顧問。
17:19
Show顯示 the state that protecting保護 wilderness荒野
375
1027622
1983
讓政府看到保護荒野
17:21
not only makes品牌 ecological生態 sense,
but economic經濟 sense as well.
376
1029629
4087
不僅僅是生態上合理,
在經濟上也合理。
那很有趣,做就對了,
把你的腳伸入水中吧!
17:26
It's a lot of fun開玩笑, just do it --
put your feet in the water.
377
1034288
3327
17:29
The swamp沼澤 will change更改 you, I promise諾言.
378
1037639
2514
我保證,沼澤會改變你的。
過去的這些年,
17:33
Over the years年份, we've我們已經 been so generous慷慨
379
1041351
1872
17:35
with these other landscapes景觀
around the country國家,
380
1043247
3070
我們對國內的其它風景如此慷慨,
17:38
cloaking隱形 them with this American美國 pride自豪,
381
1046341
2821
將它們擁簇成美國之光,
17:41
places地方 that we now consider考慮 to define確定 us:
382
1049186
2371
那些代表美國的地方:
17:43
Grand盛大 Canyon峽谷, Yosemite優勝美地, Yellowstone黃石.
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大峽谷、優勝美地國家公園、
黃石公園。
17:46
And we use these parks公園
and these natural自然 areas
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我用這些國家公園和自然區域
17:49
as beacons信標 and as cultural文化 compasses圓規.
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作為美國的燈塔和文化指南。
可悲的是,大沼澤地
17:53
And sadly可悲的是, the Everglades大沼澤地 is very commonly常用
386
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2045
17:55
left out of that conversation會話.
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1916
常常被人們所遺忘。
17:57
But I believe it's every一切 bit
as iconic標誌性的 and emblematic象徵
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2508
但我相信它至少是一種經典和象徵,
18:00
of who we are as a country國家
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象徵著我們整個國家,
18:02
as any of these other wildernesses荒野.
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也像其它的荒野一樣。
18:04
It's just a different不同 kind of wild野生.
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2487
只不過是另一種與眾不同的荒野。
但是我很欣慰,
18:08
But I'm encouraged鼓勵,
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1327
18:09
because maybe we're finally最後
starting開始 to come around,
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2694
因為或許我們終於明白,
18:12
because what was once一旦 deemed認為
this swampy沼澤的 wasteland荒地,
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2587
因為那個曾被人視為沼澤的濕地,
18:14
today今天 is a World世界 Heritage遺產 site現場.
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2063
今天已經成了世界自然遺產。
18:17
It's a wetland濕地
of international國際 importance重要性.
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它是世界級重要的濕地。
過去的六十年我們有所進展。
18:20
And we've我們已經 come a long way
in the last 60 years年份.
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2803
18:23
And as the world's世界 largest最大 and most
ambitious有雄心 wetland濕地 restoration恢復 project項目,
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4394
作為世界上最龐大
且最富雄心的濕地復原計劃,
18:27
the international國際 spotlight聚光燈
is on us in the Sunshine陽光 State.
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全世界的目光
都聚焦在我們陽光之州。
18:32
Because if we can heal癒合 this system系統,
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1733
因為如果我們能修復這個生態系統,
18:34
it's going to become成為 an icon圖標
for wetland濕地 restoration恢復
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3449
它將成為一個全球性的
濕地修復典範。
18:37
all over the world世界.
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1365
18:40
But it's up to us to decide決定 which哪一個 legacy遺產
we want to attach連接 our flag to.
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但這一切都取決於哪一項遺產
是我們想要印入旗幟的。
18:45
They say that the Everglades大沼澤地
is our greatest最大 test測試.
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3384
他們說保護大沼澤地
是我們最偉大的考驗。
18:49
If we pass通過 it, we get to keep the planet行星.
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如果我們通過了,
我們就是在保護地球。
我喜歡這段話,
18:53
I love that quote引用,
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1403
18:54
because it's a challenge挑戰, it's a prod.
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2033
因為這是一項挑戰,是一種激勵。
18:57
Can we do it? Will we do it?
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1879
我們能做到嗎?我們願意去做嗎?
18:58
We have to, we must必須.
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1739
我們必須這樣。
19:01
But the Everglades大沼澤地 is not just a test測試.
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1965
因為大沼澤地並非只是一次考驗。
19:03
It's also a gift禮品,
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它也是一件禮物,
19:05
and ultimately最終, our responsibility責任.
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而最終,是你我的義務。
19:08
Thank you.
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1151
謝謝大家。
19:10
(Applause掌聲)
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3866
(掌聲)
Translated by lin quan
Reviewed by Adrienne Lin

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mac Stone - Photographer
Florida-based photographer Mac Stone specializes in documenting the Everglades, an area he prizes for its wildlife and flora.

Why you should listen

Mac Stone is a conservation photographer from Gainesville, Florida. Growing up exploring the springs, swamps, and hammocks of North Central Florida, he developed a passion for photography at a young age.

Over the years his camera has carried him to some of the most remote and imperiled areas this side of the globe. For six months, Stone lived in Ecuador during the presidential overthrow of 2005 and worked with Wildlife Conservation Society biologists in the Amazon rainforest. Soon after, he moved to Honduras and lived in a small village along the Cangrejal River. For two years he taught photography to underprivileged youth as a way to raise environmental awareness in the region. Some of the students have gone on to win international acclaim and start up their own eco-tourism businesses. Through photography, Stone strives to start new conversations and expose the dynamic relationship between mankind and the natural world.

Currently, his work focuses on America's swamps in an attempt to change public opinion towards our country’s wetlands. After spending five years living and working in the Everglades watershed, he will be releasing a 304-page coffee table book about the heralded River of Grass. Everglades: America's Wetland, published by University Press of Florida in October 2014 has won a silver medal with the Florida Book Awards and is now in its second printing.

More profile about the speaker
Mac Stone | Speaker | TED.com