ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dean Kamen - Inventor
Dean Kamen landed in the limelight with the Segway, but he has been innovating since high school, with more than 150 patents under his belt. Recent projects include portable energy and water purification for the developing world, and a prosthetic arm for maimed soldiers.

Why you should listen

Dean Kamen is an innovator, but not just of things. He hopes to revolutionize attitudes, quality of life, awareness. While an undergraduate, he developed the first portable infusion device, which delivers drug treatments that once required round-the-clock hospital care. And, through his DEKA Research and Development, which he cofounded in 1982, he developed a portable dialysis machine, a vascular stent, and the iBOT -- a motorized wheelchair that climbs stairs (Stephen Colbert took one for a spin).

Yes, he's a college dropout, but he's a huge believer in education, and in 1989 established the nonprofit FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) to inspire teenagers to pursue careers in science. FIRST sponsors lively annual competitions, where students form teams to create the best robot.

His focus now is on off-grid electricity and water purification for developing countries; another recent project, previewed at TED2007, is a prosthetic arm for maimed soldiers (read an update here). He's also working on a power source for the wonderful Think car. And, with more funding in the works, we haven't seen the last of the Segway.

More profile about the speaker
Dean Kamen | Speaker | TED.com
TED2007

Dean Kamen: Luke, a new prosthetic arm for soldiers

Dean Kamen開發的新型義肢

Filmed:
1,874,096 views

Dean Kamen這位發明家應國防部的要求,開發了一種新型義肢。他使用科技來解決問題的同時,也彰顯了人性的光輝。
- Inventor
Dean Kamen landed in the limelight with the Segway, but he has been innovating since high school, with more than 150 patents under his belt. Recent projects include portable energy and water purification for the developing world, and a prosthetic arm for maimed soldiers. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:25
I got a visit訪問 almost幾乎 exactly究竟 a year ago,
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大約在一年以前,有一個人來找我
00:29
a little over a year ago, from a very senior前輩 person at the Department of Defense防禦.
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應該比一年還要再多一點,他是國防部的一個長官
00:33
Came來了 to see me and said, "1,600 of the kids孩子 that we've我們已經 sent發送 out
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他來找我說:我們送出去的士兵裡
00:38
have come back missing失踪 at least最小 one full充分 arm.
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有1千6百個士兵回來的時候少了一支或二支手臂
00:43
Whole整個 arm. Shoulder disarticulation離斷.
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一整支手臂,從肩膀這裡斷掉
00:46
And we're doing the same相同 thing we did for -- more or less,
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但我們能提供的協助比以前好不到那裡去
00:49
that we've我們已經 doneDONE since以來 the Civil國內 War戰爭, a stick and a hook.
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就像在南北戰爭時期,這些士兵只能得到一支木棍和一個鈎子
00:52
And they deserve值得 more than that."
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但是這些士兵應該得到更好的醫療選擇
00:56
And literally按照字面, this guy satSAT in my office辦公室 in New Hampshire漢普郡 and said,
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然後,坐在我新罕布夏州辦公室裡的男人說
01:00
"I want you to give me something that we can put on these kids孩子
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我希望你能設計一種義肢,讓我們能裝在這些士兵身上
01:03
that'll那會 pick up a raisin葡萄乾 or a grape葡萄 off a table,
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讓他們能拿起桌上的葡萄乾或葡萄
01:08
they'll他們會 be able能夠 to put it in their mouth without destroying銷毀 either one,
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然後輕柔地放進嘴裡,不會捏碎任何一個
01:12
and they'll他們會 be able能夠 to know the difference區別 without looking at it."
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也能不用看就能透過義肢來分辨二者的差別
01:15
You know, had efferent傳出, afferent傳入, and haptic觸覺 response響應.
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大概就是要具備傳出、傳入的功能,還要有觸覺
01:20
He finishes飾面 explaining說明 that, and I'm waiting等候 for the big 300 pound paper proposal提案,
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他解釋完以後,我還以為他會給我一份重達三百磅的文件
01:25
and he said, "That's what I want from you."
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結果他說:我希望你能幫忙
01:28
I said, "Look, you're nuts堅果. That technology's技術的 just not available可得到 right now.
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我說:我覺得你瘋了,現在根本沒有這種技術
01:35
And it can't be doneDONE.
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也不可能辦到
01:37
Not in an envelope信封 of a human人的 arm,
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我不可能把這種裝置放在義肢裡
01:40
with 21 degrees of freedom自由, from your shoulder to your fingertips指尖."
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還要讓義肢可以從肩膀到手指自由轉動21度
01:45
He said, "About two dozen of these 1,600 kids孩子 have come back bilateral雙邊.
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他說:在這1千6百個士兵裡,大約有24人失去了雙臂
01:53
You think it's bad to lose失去 one arm?
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你以為少了一支手臂很糟嗎?
01:54
That's an inconvenience不方便 compared相比 to having both of them gone走了."
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跟失去雙臂的人比起來,那只是有點不方便而已
02:02
I got a day job工作,
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我那時候白天有一份正職
02:04
and my nights and weekends週末 are already已經 filled填充 up with things like,
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晚上的時間則花在替這個世界思考
02:06
let's supply供應 water to the world世界, and power功率 to the world世界, and educate教育 all the kids孩子,
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如何解決乾旱、增加供電普及率、兒童的教育等
02:11
which哪一個, Chris克里斯, I will not talk about. I don't need another另一個 mission任務.
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Chris你放心,我不會談這些問題。我可不需要另一份工作
02:19
I keep thinking思維 about these kids孩子 with no arms武器.
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我還是持續在思考這些士兵失去手臂的問題
02:23
He says to me, "We've我們已經 doneDONE some work around the country國家.
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他對我說:我們已經有一些初步的研究
02:26
We've我們已經 got some pretty漂亮 amazing驚人 neurology神經內科 and other people."
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還有一些很令人驚訝的神經學成果
02:30
I said, "I'll take a field領域 trip, I'll go see what you got."
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我說:我會過去你那裡一趟,看看你們有些什麼成果
02:34
Over the next下一個 month I visited參觀 lots of places地方, some out here, around the country國家,
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接下來的一個月,我去了很多地方,全國各地都跑遍了
02:37
found發現 the best最好 of the best最好.
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拜訪了許多頂尖專家
02:39
I went down to Washington華盛頓. I saw these guys, and said,
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我後來去了華盛頓,見了這個人,我說
02:42
"I did what you asked me. I looked看著 at what's out there.
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我依照你要求的做了,也看了許多人的成果
02:45
I still think you're nuts堅果. But not as nuts堅果 as I thought."
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我還是覺得你瘋了,但沒有我想得那麼瘋
02:50
I put a team球隊 together一起, a little over 13 months個月 ago,
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大約在13個月之前,我組成了一個團隊
02:54
got up to 20 some-odd一些奇 people.
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聚集了大約20位頂尖人才
02:57
We said, we're going to build建立 a device設備 that does what he wants.
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我們想要做出那個人要的義肢
03:00
We have 14 out of the 21 degrees of freedom自由;
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雖然達不到21度,但我們做出一個可以自由活動14度的義肢
03:03
you don't need the ones那些 in the last two fingers手指.
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因為最後二個手指較少用到
03:05
We put this thing together一起.
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我們把各自的成果結合起來
03:07
A couple一對 of weeks ago we took it down to Walter沃爾特 Reed蘆葦,
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幾個星期前,我們把義肢送到Walter Reed陸軍醫院測試
03:10
which哪一個 is unfortunately不幸 more in the news新聞 these days.
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很不幸的這家醫院最近常上新聞
03:12
We showed顯示 it to a bunch of guys.
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我們把這種義肢拿給許多人看
03:14
One guy who described描述 himself他自己 as being存在 lucky幸運,
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其中有一個人自稱他很幸運
03:16
because he lost丟失 his left arm, and he's a righty右傾.
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因為他失去的是左臂,而他是右撇子
03:22
He satSAT at a table with seven or eight of these other guys.
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他和其他七八個失去手臂的人坐在一起
03:24
Said he was lucky幸運, because he had his good arm,
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他說他很幸運,因為他還有一支好的手臂
03:27
and then he pushed himself他自己 back from the table. He had no legs.
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然後他將椅子推離開桌子,我們才發現他沒有腳
03:31
These kids孩子 have attitudes態度 that you just can't believe.
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這些士兵面對人生的態度真的很讓人敬佩
03:34
So I'm going to show顯示 you now, without the skin皮膚 on it,
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現在我要給你們看一段30秒的影片
03:36
a 30-second piece, and then I'm doneDONE.
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是還沒有包覆皮膚的義肢,影片結束我的演說就結束了
03:39
But understand理解 what you're looking at
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但是請瞭解一點:你們所看到的
03:42
we made製作 small enough足夠 to fit適合 on a 50th percentile百分 female,
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這種義肢尺寸較小,是一般女人的尺寸
03:46
so that we could put it in any of these people.
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所以我們可以把這種義肢裝在任何一個士兵身上
03:50
It's going to go inside something that we use in CAT scans掃描 and
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我們會用CAT或是MRI等掃瞄技術
03:53
MRIs核磁共振成像 of whatever隨你 is their good arm,
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掃瞄他們另一支健全的手臂
03:55
to make silicon rubber橡膠, then coat塗層 it, and paint塗料 it in 3D --
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用以製造出一層矽膠皮膚,然後用3D技術上色
04:01
exact精確 mirror鏡子 image圖片 of their other limb.
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讓義肢看起來就像他們另一支健全的手臂
04:04
So, you won't慣於 see all the really cool stuff東東 that's in this series系列 elastic set of 14 actuators執行器,
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所以你不會看到很炫的科技裝置,在義肢裡其實有14組伸縮裝置
04:09
each one which哪一個 has its own擁有 capability能力 to sense temperature溫度 and pressure壓力.
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每一組都可以感知溫度與壓力
04:13
It also has a pneumatic氣動 cuff袖口 that holds持有 it on,
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我們還設計了一個氣壓連接器來連接肩膀
04:15
so the more they put themselves他們自己 under load加載, the more it attaches武官.
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所以當他們拿的東西愈重,義肢與肩膀就連接得愈緊
04:19
They take the load加載 off, and it becomes, again, compliant兼容.
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當把重物放下時,就會回復原來的柔順
04:22
I'm going to show顯示 you a guy doing a couple一對 of simple簡單 things with this
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影片裡的人會做一些簡單的動作
04:26
that we demonstrated證明 in Washington華盛頓. Can we look at this thing?
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這是我們在華盛頓播放過的影片,現在來看看
04:36
Watch the fingers手指 grab. The thumb拇指 comes up. Wrist.
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請看手指抓取動作,拇指往上,接下來是手腕
04:42
This weighs 6.9 pounds英鎊.
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瓶子重6.9磅
04:45
Going to scratch his nose鼻子.
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抓鼻子
04:50
It's got 14 active活性 degrees of freedom自由.
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這支義肢有14度的自由活動範圍
04:52
Now he's going to pick up a pen鋼筆 with his opposed反對 thumb拇指 and index指數 finger手指.
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現在他要用拇指和食指拿起一支筆
04:58
Now he's going to put that down, pick up a piece of paper,
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然後放下,拿起一張紙
05:01
rotate迴轉 all the degrees of freedom自由 in his hand and wrist, and read it.
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調整手和手腕的角度,然後開始閱讀
05:10
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by Marie Wu
Reviewed by Terry Lin

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dean Kamen - Inventor
Dean Kamen landed in the limelight with the Segway, but he has been innovating since high school, with more than 150 patents under his belt. Recent projects include portable energy and water purification for the developing world, and a prosthetic arm for maimed soldiers.

Why you should listen

Dean Kamen is an innovator, but not just of things. He hopes to revolutionize attitudes, quality of life, awareness. While an undergraduate, he developed the first portable infusion device, which delivers drug treatments that once required round-the-clock hospital care. And, through his DEKA Research and Development, which he cofounded in 1982, he developed a portable dialysis machine, a vascular stent, and the iBOT -- a motorized wheelchair that climbs stairs (Stephen Colbert took one for a spin).

Yes, he's a college dropout, but he's a huge believer in education, and in 1989 established the nonprofit FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) to inspire teenagers to pursue careers in science. FIRST sponsors lively annual competitions, where students form teams to create the best robot.

His focus now is on off-grid electricity and water purification for developing countries; another recent project, previewed at TED2007, is a prosthetic arm for maimed soldiers (read an update here). He's also working on a power source for the wonderful Think car. And, with more funding in the works, we haven't seen the last of the Segway.

More profile about the speaker
Dean Kamen | Speaker | TED.com