ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Marily Oppezzo - Behavioral and learning scientist
Marily Oppezzo studies how the movement of the body can affect the movement of the mind.

Why you should listen

Inheriting an energetic passion for health from her dad, Marily Oppezzo's past research has investigated ways to use the world to motivate healthy brains and healthy behaviors. She is currently an Instructor of Medicine at the Stanford Prevention Research Center. She is also working with Dr. Dan Schwartz to find out if fidgeting in the classroom may be a desirable cognitive tool rather than an irritating hallmark of inattention, and she's working with Dr. Margaret Neale and Dr. Jodi Prochaska to discover how walking may improve negotiation outcomes.

Along her way, Oppezzo has collected several souvenir lessons from her range of work and educational experiences:

Bartending:
1. The environment has incredible power to elicit and shape behaviors; and
2. Everyone has at least one interesting story in them.
 
Dietetics:
1. Biochemistry is fascinating;
2. We grant food immense powers. It can be simultaneously viewed as a vehicle of health, morality, social bonding, government conspiracy, inequality and pleasure; and
3. A plateful of knowledge doesn't always help the medicine go down.  
 
Teaching / education:
1. Watching people learn, grow, and change is a deep gratification unique to teaching and behavior change work; and
2. Learning, like behavior change, takes distributed practice to become part of you. (We can’t binge-watch knowledge any more than we should pull flossing all-nighters).
 
Cardiac rehab:
1. Everyone has the capacity to be an inspiration and in surprising, unexpected ways; and
2. Health becomes incredibly valuable once you experience a true loss of it; and
3. Exercise is the ultimate multitasker: it can heal the brain, the heart and the body all at once.

More profile about the speaker
Marily Oppezzo | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxStanford

Marily Oppezzo: Want to be more creative? Go for a walk

Marily Oppezzo: Želite biti kreativniji? Idite u šetnju

Filmed:
3,727,050 views

Svi smo se susreli s kreativnom blokadom kada smo pokušali smisliti nešto novo. No, sudeći prema istraživanju Marily Oppezzo, stručnjakinje za ponašanje i učenje, odlazak u šetnju bi mogao biti sve što vam treba da potakne vašu kreativnost. U ovom zabavnom i kratkom govoru, ona objašnjava kako će vam šetnja pomoći sljedeći puta kada morate biti kreativni.
- Behavioral and learning scientist
Marily Oppezzo studies how the movement of the body can affect the movement of the mind. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
The creativekreativan processpostupak -- you know this --
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Kreativni je proces -- to vam je poznato --
00:15
from the first ideaideja to the finalkonačni productproizvod,
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od prvotne ideje do konačnog rezultata,
00:17
is a long processpostupak.
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jako dug proces.
00:19
It's super-iterativeSuper-iterativni, lots of refinementograničavanje broja rezultata,
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Uključuje puno ponavljanja, usavršavanja,
00:22
bloodkrv, sweatznoj, tearssuze and yearsgodina.
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krvi, znoja, suza i godina.
00:24
And we're not sayingizreka
you're going to go out for a walkhodati
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Ne kažem da ćete otići u šetnju
i vratiti se s idejom kako
oslikati Sikstinsku kapelu.
00:27
and come back with the SistineSikstinske ChapelKapela
in your left handruka.
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Dakle, na koji se dio kreativnog
procesa usredotočujemo?
00:29
So what frameokvir of the creativekreativan
processpostupak did we focusfokus on?
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Samo na prvi dio.
00:32
Just this first partdio.
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00:34
Just brainstormingbombardovanje idejama,
comingdolazak up with a newnovi ideaideja.
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Samo na razmišljanje
i smišljanje novih ideja.
00:38
We actuallyzapravo ranran fourčetiri studiesstudije
with a varietyraznolikost of people.
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Napravili smo četiri istraživanja
s različitim ljudima.
00:42
You were eitherili walkinghodanje
indoorsu zatvorenom prostoru or outdoorsvani.
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Šetali su ili u prostoriji ili vani.
00:44
And all of these studiesstudije
foundpronađeno the sameisti conclusionzaključak.
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I sva istraživanja dovela su
do istog zaključka.
00:48
I'm only going to tell you
about one of them todaydanas.
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Danas ću vam govoriti
samo o jednom istraživanju.
00:51
One of the teststestovi we used for creativitykreativnost
was alternateAlternativna usesnamjene.
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Jedan od testova za ispitivanje
kreativnosti je alternativna upotreba.
00:55
In this testtest, you have fourčetiri minutesminuta.
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U tom testu imate četiri minute.
00:57
Your jobposao is to come up with as manymnogi other
waysnačine to use commonzajednička everydaysvaki dan objectsobjekti
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Morate smisliti što više različitih
načina upotrebe predmeta
01:01
as you can think of.
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koje koristite svaki dan.
01:02
So, for exampleprimjer,
what elsedrugo would you do with a keyključ,
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Dakle, što još možete napraviti
koristeći ključ,
01:05
other than to use it
for openingotvor up a lockzaključati?
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osim što ga koristite
za otključavanje brave?
01:08
ClearlyJasno, you could use it
as a thirdtreći eyeballočne jabučice for a giraffežirafa, right?
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Očito ga možete dati žirafi
kao treće oko, zar ne?
01:12
Maybe. That's sortvrsta of interestingzanimljiv,
kindljubazan of newnovi. But is it creativekreativan?
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Možda. To je zanimljivo i novo.
Ali, je li kreativno?
01:17
So people camedošao up with
as manymnogi ideasideje as they could,
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Ljudi su imali svakakve ideje
01:20
and we had to decideodlučiti:
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i mi smo morali odlučiti:
01:21
Is this creativekreativan or not?
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je li to kreativno ili nije?
01:24
The definitiondefinicija of creativitykreativnost
that a lot of people go with
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Većina ljudi definira kreativnost
01:27
is "appropriateprikladan noveltynovost."
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kao "prikladni novitet".
01:29
For something to be appropriateprikladan,
it has to be realisticrealno,
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Da bi nešto bilo prikladno,
mora biti realistično,
01:32
so unfortunatelynažalost, you can't use
a keyključ as an eyeballočne jabučice.
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tako da, nažalost, ne možemo
upotrijebiti ključ kao oko.
01:36
BooBu!
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Buu!
Ali "novitet" je, druga stvar,
da to nitko prije nije rekao.
01:37
But "novelroman," the seconddrugi thing,
is that nobodynitko had to have said it.
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01:42
So for us, it had to be appropriateprikladan first,
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Nama je prvo bilo važno da je prikladno,
01:45
and then for noveltynovost,
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a novo je bilo tek onda
01:46
nobodynitko elsedrugo in the entirečitav populationpopulacija
that we surveyedispitanih could have said it.
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ako nitko drugi od ispitanika
to nije bio rekao.
01:50
So you mightmoć think you could use
a keyključ to scratchogrepsti somebody'snetko je carautomobil,
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Dakle, mogli ste iskoristiti ključ
da nekome izgrebete auto,
01:54
but if somebodyneko elsedrugo said that,
you didn't get creditKreditna for it.
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ali ako je netko drugi isto to rekao,
niste dobili bodove.
Nitko od vas nije.
01:57
NeitherNi of you did.
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01:58
HoweverMeđutim, only one personosoba said this:
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Međutim, samo je jedna osoba rekla ovo:
02:02
"If you were dyingumiranje
and it were a murderubiti mysterymisterija,
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"Ako umirete i radi se o ubojstvu
02:05
and you had to carverezbariti the nameime
of the murdererubica into the groundtlo
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i morate urezati ime ubojice u zemlju,
zajedno sa svojim posljednjim riječima."
02:08
with your dyingumiranje wordsriječi."
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02:10
One personosoba said this.
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Jedna je osoba to rekla.
02:11
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
I to je kreativna ideja
jer je prikladna i nova.
02:12
And it's a creativekreativan ideaideja,
because it's appropriateprikladan and it's novelroman.
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Ovaj test i smišljanje ideja
radili ste sjedeći
02:16
You eitherili did this testtest and camedošao up
with ideasideje while you were seatedsjedi
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02:19
or while you were walkinghodanje on a treadmilltraka za trčanje.
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ili hodajući po pokretnoj traci.
02:22
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
02:24
They did the testtest twicedvaput,
with differentdrugačiji objectsobjekti.
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Test je proveden dva puta
različitim predmetima.
02:26
ThreeTri groupsgrupe: the first groupskupina satsat first
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Tri grupe: prva grupa je prvo sjedila
02:30
and then satsat again for the seconddrugi testtest.
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i onda opet sjedila
tijekom drugog testiranja.
02:32
The seconddrugi groupskupina satsat first
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Druga grupa je prvo sjedila,
02:35
and then did the seconddrugi testtest
while walkinghodanje on a treadmilltraka za trčanje.
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a zatim hodala po pokretnoj traci.
02:38
The thirdtreći groupskupina --
and this is interestingzanimljiv --
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Treća grupa - i ovo je zanimljivo -
02:41
they walkedhodao on the treadmilltraka za trčanje first,
and then they satsat.
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prvo je hodala po traci, a zatim sjedila.
02:44
OK, so the two groupsgrupe
that satsat togetherzajedno for the first testtest,
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Dakle, dvije grupe koje su sjedile
tijekom prvog testiranja,
02:48
they lookedgledao prettyprilično similarsličan to eachsvaki other,
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izgledale su jako slično
i proizvele u prosjeku
oko 20 kreativnih ideja po osobi.
02:50
and they averagedu prosjeku
about 20 creativekreativan ideasideje perpo personosoba.
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02:54
The groupskupina that was walkinghodanje
on the treadmilltraka za trčanje
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Grupa koja je hodala pokretnom trakom
02:56
did almostskoro twicedvaput as well.
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bila je dvostruko uspješnija.
02:59
And they were just walkinghodanje
on a treadmilltraka za trčanje in a windowlessbez prozora roomsoba.
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A samo su hodali trakom
u prostoriji bez prozora.
03:04
RememberSjećam se, they tookuzeo the testtest twicedvaput.
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Sjetite se, dva puta su polagali test.
Ispitanici koji su dva puta sjedili
nisu se poboljšali;
03:06
The people who satsat twicedvaput for that seconddrugi
testtest didn't get any better;
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03:10
practicepraksa didn't help.
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vježba nije pomogla.
03:12
But these sameisti people who were sittingsjedenje
and then wentotišao on the treadmilltraka za trčanje
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No, na one koji su sjedili,
a zatim bili na traci za hodanje,
hodanje je djelovalo kao poticaj.
03:15
got a boostpoticaj from walkinghodanje.
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03:17
Here'sOvdje je the interestingzanimljiv thing.
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Evo zanimljive činjenice.
03:19
The people who were
walkinghodanje on the treadmilltraka za trčanje
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Ispitanici koji su hodali na traci
03:21
still had a residuetalog effectposljedica of the walkinghodanje,
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još uvijek su osjećali učinke tog hodanja
03:24
and they were still creativekreativan afterwardsposlije.
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i kasnije su još uvijek bili kreativni.
03:26
So the implicationimplikacija of this
is that you should go for a walkhodati
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To znači da biste prije
sljedećeg važnog sastanka
03:29
before your nextSljedeći bigvelika meetingsastanak
and just startpočetak brainstormingbombardovanje idejama right away.
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trebali otići u šetnju i odmah
početi razmišljati o novim idejama.
03:34
We have fivepet tipsSavjeti for you
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Imamo 5 savjeta za vas
03:36
that will help make this
the bestnajbolje effectposljedica possiblemoguće.
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koji će vam pomoći da to napravite
na najbolji mogući način.
Prvo, odaberite problem ili
temu o kojoj ćete razmišljati.
03:39
First, you want to pickodabrati a problemproblem
or a topictema to brainstormideja.
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03:44
So, this is not the showertuš effectposljedica,
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Dakle, ovo nije isto kao kad se tuširate,
03:46
when you're in the showertuš
and all of a suddennaglo,
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kada ste pod tušem i odjednom vam
iz boce šampona iskoči nova ideja.
03:48
a newnovi ideaideja popsStari out of the shampoošampon bottleboca.
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To je nešto o čemu ste već razmišljali.
03:50
This is something
you're thinkingmišljenje about aheadnaprijed of time.
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I namjerno razmišljate
o drugačijem stajalištu
03:53
They're intentionallynamjerno thinkingmišljenje about
brainstormingbombardovanje idejama a differentdrugačiji perspectiveperspektiva
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tijekom šetnje.
03:57
on the walkhodati.
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03:58
SecondlyKao drugo -- I get askedpitao this a lot:
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Drugo - ovo me često pitaju:
04:00
Is this OK while runningtrčanje?
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funkcionira li to i kada trčim?
04:02
Well, the answerodgovor for me
is that if I were runningtrčanje,
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Što se mene tiče, ako trčim,
04:05
the only newnovi ideaideja I would have
would be to stop runningtrčanje, so ...
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jedino bih razmišljala o tome
da prestanem trčati, tako da...
04:09
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
04:10
But if runningtrčanje for you
is a comfortableudobno pacetempo, good.
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No, ako se vi osjećate ugodno
kad trčite, onda u redu.
Dakle, dobra je bilo koja fizička
aktivnost koja ne zahtjeva puno pažnje.
04:14
It turnsokreti out, whateveršto god physicalfizička
activityaktivnost is not takinguzimanje a lot of attentionpažnja.
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04:18
So just walkinghodanje at a comfortableudobno
pacetempo is a good choiceizbor.
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Dobro je i da samo opušteno hodate.
04:22
AlsoTakođer, you want to come up with
as manymnogi ideasideje as you can.
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Nadalje, želite smisliti što više ideja.
Kod kreativnosti je važno
da ne stanete kod prve ideje.
04:25
One keyključ of creativitykreativnost
is to not lockzaključati on that first ideaideja.
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04:28
Keep going.
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Nastavite dalje.
Smišljajte nove ideje dok ne odaberete
jednu ili dvije koje ćete isprobati.
04:30
Keep comingdolazak up with newnovi onesone,
untildo you pickodabrati one or two to pursueprogoniti.
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04:35
You mightmoć worrybrinuti that you don't want
to writepisati them down,
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Možda će vas brinuti
što ih nećete zapisati,
jer što ako ih zaboravite?
04:38
because what if you forgetzaboraviti them?
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Ovdje je stvar u tome da ih izgovorite.
04:39
So the ideaideja here is to speakgovoriti them.
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Svatko je izgovarao svoje nove ideje.
04:41
EverybodySvi was speakinggovor theirnjihov newnovi ideasideje.
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Možete staviti slušalice,
snimiti se mobitelom
04:43
So you can put your headphonesslušalice on
and recordsnimiti throughkroz your phonetelefon
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04:47
and then just pretendpretvarati se you're havingima
a creativekreativan conversationrazgovor, right?
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i zatim zamisliti da vodite
kreativan razgovor, zar ne?
04:50
Because the actčin of writingpisanje
your ideaideja down is alreadyveć a filterfilter.
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Jer zapisivanje ideje
je već čin filtriranja.
Pomislit ćete "Vrijedi li ovo zapisati?"
04:54
You're going to be like,
"Is this good enoughdovoljno to writepisati down?"
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Zatim ćete zapisati.
Zato ih izgovorite što više, snimite
i kasnije razmislite o njima.
04:56
And then you writepisati it down.
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04:58
So just speakgovoriti as manymnogi as you can,
recordsnimiti them and think about them laterkasnije.
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I na kraju: nemojte to
predugo raditi. U redu?
05:01
And finallykonačno: don't do this foreverzauvijek. Right?
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05:04
If you're on the walkhodati
and that idea'sideja je not comingdolazak to you,
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Ako šećete i nemate nikakvih ideja,
05:07
come back to it laterkasnije at anotherjoš time.
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vratite se tome neki drugi put kasnije.
05:10
I think we're comingdolazak up
on a breakpauza right now,
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Mislim da nam sad slijedi pauza
05:12
so I have an ideaideja:
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pa imam ideju:
05:14
Why don't you grabzgrabiti a leashremen
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Zašto ne biste uzeli povodac
05:16
and take your thoughtsmisli for a walkhodati?
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i izveli svoje misli u šetnju?
05:19
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
05:20
(ApplausePljesak)
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(Pljesak)
Translated by Lidija Funtek
Reviewed by Sanda L

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Marily Oppezzo - Behavioral and learning scientist
Marily Oppezzo studies how the movement of the body can affect the movement of the mind.

Why you should listen

Inheriting an energetic passion for health from her dad, Marily Oppezzo's past research has investigated ways to use the world to motivate healthy brains and healthy behaviors. She is currently an Instructor of Medicine at the Stanford Prevention Research Center. She is also working with Dr. Dan Schwartz to find out if fidgeting in the classroom may be a desirable cognitive tool rather than an irritating hallmark of inattention, and she's working with Dr. Margaret Neale and Dr. Jodi Prochaska to discover how walking may improve negotiation outcomes.

Along her way, Oppezzo has collected several souvenir lessons from her range of work and educational experiences:

Bartending:
1. The environment has incredible power to elicit and shape behaviors; and
2. Everyone has at least one interesting story in them.
 
Dietetics:
1. Biochemistry is fascinating;
2. We grant food immense powers. It can be simultaneously viewed as a vehicle of health, morality, social bonding, government conspiracy, inequality and pleasure; and
3. A plateful of knowledge doesn't always help the medicine go down.  
 
Teaching / education:
1. Watching people learn, grow, and change is a deep gratification unique to teaching and behavior change work; and
2. Learning, like behavior change, takes distributed practice to become part of you. (We can’t binge-watch knowledge any more than we should pull flossing all-nighters).
 
Cardiac rehab:
1. Everyone has the capacity to be an inspiration and in surprising, unexpected ways; and
2. Health becomes incredibly valuable once you experience a true loss of it; and
3. Exercise is the ultimate multitasker: it can heal the brain, the heart and the body all at once.

More profile about the speaker
Marily Oppezzo | Speaker | TED.com

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