TED2019
Herman Narula: The transformative power of video games
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A full third of the world's population -- 2.6 billion people -- play video games, plugging into massive networks of interaction that have opened up opportunities well beyond entertainment. In a talk about the future of the medium, entrepreneur Herman Narula makes the case for a new understanding of gaming -- one that includes the power to create new worlds, connect people and shape the economy.
Herman Narula - Entrepreneur, coder
Herman Narula builds new technology for the online games and virtual worlds that will massively impact the way we live, socialize and entertain each other. Full bio
Herman Narula builds new technology for the online games and virtual worlds that will massively impact the way we live, socialize and entertain each other. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Hello.
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My name is Herman,
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and I've always been struck
by how the most important, impactful,
by how the most important, impactful,
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tsunami-like changes
to our culture and our society
to our culture and our society
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always come from those things
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that we least think
are going to have that impact.
are going to have that impact.
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I mean, as a computer scientist,
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I remember when Facebook
was just image-sharing in dorm rooms,
was just image-sharing in dorm rooms,
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and depending upon who you ask,
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it's now involved in toppling elections.
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I remember when cryptocurrency
or automated trading
or automated trading
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were sort of ideas by a few renegades
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in the financial institutions
in the world for automated trading,
in the world for automated trading,
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or online, for cryptocurrency,
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and they're now coming to quickly shape
the way that we operate.
the way that we operate.
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And I think each of you
can recall that moment
can recall that moment
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where one of these ideas felt
like some ignorable, derisive thing,
like some ignorable, derisive thing,
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and suddenly, oh, crap,
the price of Bitcoin is what it is.
the price of Bitcoin is what it is.
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Or, oh, crap, guess who's been elected.
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The reality is that, you know,
from my perspective,
from my perspective,
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I think that we're about
to encounter that again.
to encounter that again.
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And I think one of the biggest,
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most impactful changes
in the way we live our lives,
in the way we live our lives,
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to the ways we're educated,
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probably even to how we end up
making an income,
making an income,
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is about to come not from AI,
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not from space travel or biotech --
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these are all very important
future inventions --
future inventions --
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but in the next five years,
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I think it's going to come
from video games.
from video games.
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So that's a bold claim, OK.
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I see some skeptical faces
in the audience.
in the audience.
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But if we take a moment
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to try to look at what video games
are already becoming in our lives today,
are already becoming in our lives today,
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and what just a little bit
of technological advancement
of technological advancement
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is about to create,
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it starts to become
more of an inevitability.
more of an inevitability.
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And I think the possibilities
are quite electrifying.
are quite electrifying.
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So let's just take a moment
to think about scale.
to think about scale.
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I mean, there's already
2.6 billion people who play games.
2.6 billion people who play games.
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And the reality is that's a billion more
than five years ago.
than five years ago.
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A billion more people in that time.
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No religion, no media,
nothing has spread like that.
nothing has spread like that.
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And there's likely to be a billion more
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when Africa and India
gain the infrastructure
gain the infrastructure
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to sort of fully realize
the possibilities of gaming.
the possibilities of gaming.
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But what I find really special is --
and this often shocks a lot of people --
and this often shocks a lot of people --
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is that the average age of a gamer,
like, have a guess, think about it.
like, have a guess, think about it.
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It's not six, it's not 18, it's not 12.
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It's 34.
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[Average age of an American gamer]
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It's older than me.
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And that tells us something,
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that this isn't entertainment
for children anymore.
for children anymore.
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This is already a medium
like literature or anything else
like literature or anything else
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that's becoming a fundamental
part of our lives.
part of our lives.
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One stat I like is that people
who generally picked up gaming
who generally picked up gaming
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in the last sort of 15, 20 years
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generally don't stop.
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Something changed in the way
that this medium is organized.
that this medium is organized.
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And more than that,
it's not just play anymore, right?
it's not just play anymore, right?
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You've heard some examples today,
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but people are earning
an income playing games.
an income playing games.
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And not in the obvious ways.
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Yes, there's e-sports, there's prizes,
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there's the opportunity to make money
in a competitive way.
in a competitive way.
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But there's also people earning incomes
modding games, building content in them,
modding games, building content in them,
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doing art in them.
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I mean, there's something at a scale
akin to the Florentine Renaissance,
akin to the Florentine Renaissance,
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happening on your kid's iPhone
in your living room.
in your living room.
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And it's being ignored.
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Now, what's even more exciting for me
is what's about to happen.
is what's about to happen.
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And when you think about gaming,
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you're probably already imagining
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that it features these massive,
infinite worlds,
infinite worlds,
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but the truth is,
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games have been deeply limited
for a very long time
for a very long time
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in a way that kind of we in the industry
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have tried very hard to cover up
with as much trickery as possible.
with as much trickery as possible.
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The metaphor I like to use,
if you'd let me geek out for a moment,
if you'd let me geek out for a moment,
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is the notion of a theater.
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For the last 10 years,
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games have massively advanced
the visual effects,
the visual effects,
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the physical immersion,
the front end of games.
the front end of games.
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But behind the scenes,
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the actual experiential reality
of a game world
of a game world
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has remained woefully limited.
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I'll put that in perspective for a moment.
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I could leave this theater right now,
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I could do some graffiti,
get in a fight, fall in love.
get in a fight, fall in love.
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I might actually do
all of those things after this,
all of those things after this,
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but the point is that all of that
would have consequence.
would have consequence.
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It would ripple through reality --
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all of you could interact with that
at the same time.
at the same time.
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It would be persistent.
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And those are very important qualities
to what makes the real world real.
to what makes the real world real.
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Now, behind the scenes in games,
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we've had a limit for a very long time.
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And the limit is, behind the visuals,
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the actual information being exchanged
between players or entities
between players or entities
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in a single game world
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has been deeply bounded
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by the fact that games
mostly take place on a single server
mostly take place on a single server
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or a single machine.
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Even The World of Warcraft
is actually thousands of smaller worlds.
is actually thousands of smaller worlds.
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When you hear about concerts in Fortnite,
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you're actually hearing
about thousands of small concerts.
about thousands of small concerts.
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You know, individual,
as was said earlier today,
as was said earlier today,
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campfires or couches.
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There isn't really this possibility
to bring it all together.
to bring it all together.
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Let's take a moment to just
really understand what that means.
really understand what that means.
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When you look at a game,
you might see this, beautiful visuals,
you might see this, beautiful visuals,
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all of these things
happening in front of you.
happening in front of you.
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But behind the scenes in an online game,
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this is what it looks like.
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To a computer scientist,
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all you see is just
a little bit of information
a little bit of information
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being exchanged by a tiny handful
of meaningful entities or objects.
of meaningful entities or objects.
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You might be thinking,
"I've played in an infinite world."
"I've played in an infinite world."
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Well it's more that you've played
on a treadmill.
on a treadmill.
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As you've been walking through that world,
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we've been cleverly causing the parts
of it that you're not in to vanish,
of it that you're not in to vanish,
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and the parts of it
in front of you to appear.
in front of you to appear.
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A good trick, but not the basis
for the revolution
for the revolution
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that I promised you
in the beginning of this talk.
in the beginning of this talk.
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But the reality is, for those of you
that are passionate gamers
that are passionate gamers
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and might be excited about this,
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and for those of you
that are afraid and may not be,
that are afraid and may not be,
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all of that is about to change.
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Because finally,
the technology is in place
the technology is in place
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to go well beyond the limits
that we've previously seen.
that we've previously seen.
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I've dedicated my career to this,
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there are many others
working on the problem --
working on the problem --
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I'd hardly take credit for it myself,
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but we're at the point now
where we can finally
where we can finally
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do this impossible hard thing
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of weaving together thousands
of disparate machines
of disparate machines
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into single simulations
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that are convenient enough
to not be one-offs,
to not be one-offs,
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but to be buildable by anybody.
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And to be at the point
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where we can start to experience
those things that we can't yet fathom.
those things that we can't yet fathom.
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Let's just take a moment
to visualize that.
to visualize that.
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I'm talking about not individual
little simulations
little simulations
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but a massive possibility
of huge networks of interaction.
of huge networks of interaction.
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Massive global events
that can happen inside that.
that can happen inside that.
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Things that even in the real world
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become challenging to produce
at that kind of scale.
at that kind of scale.
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And I know some of you are gamers,
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so I'm going to show you
some footage of some things
some footage of some things
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that I'm pretty sure I'm allowed to do,
from some of our partners.
from some of our partners.
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TED and me had a back-and-forth on this.
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These are a few things
that not many people have seen before,
that not many people have seen before,
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some new experiences
powered by this type of technology.
powered by this type of technology.
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I'll just [take] a moment
to show you some of this stuff.
to show you some of this stuff.
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This is a single game world
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with thousands of simultaneous
people participating in a conflict.
people participating in a conflict.
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It also has its own ecosystem,
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its own sense of predator and prey.
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Every single object you see here
is simulated in some way.
is simulated in some way.
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This is a game being built by one
of the biggest companies in the world,
of the biggest companies in the world,
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NetEase, a huge Chinese company.
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And they've made
an assistant creative simulation
an assistant creative simulation
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where groups of players
can cocreate together,
can cocreate together,
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across multiple devices,
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in a world that doesn't vanish
when you're done.
when you're done.
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It's a place to tell stories
and have adventures.
and have adventures.
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Even the weather is simulated.
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And that's kind of awesome.
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And this is my personal favorite.
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This is a group of people,
pioneers in Berlin,
pioneers in Berlin,
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a group called Klang Games,
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and they're completely insane,
and they'll love me for saying that.
and they'll love me for saying that.
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And they found a way to model,
basically, an entire planet.
basically, an entire planet.
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They're going to have a simulation
with millions of non-player characters
with millions of non-player characters
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and players engaging.
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They actually grabbed Lawrence Lessig
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to help understand
the political ramifications
the political ramifications
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of the world they're creating.
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This is the sort of astounding
set of experiences,
set of experiences,
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well beyond what we might have imagined,
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that are now going to be possible.
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And that's just the first step
in this technology.
in this technology.
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So if we step beyond that, what happens?
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Well, computer science
tends to be all exponential,
tends to be all exponential,
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once we crack the really hard problems.
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And I'm pretty sure that very soon,
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we're going to be in a place
where we can make
where we can make
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this type of computational power
look like nothing.
look like nothing.
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And when that happens,
the opportunities ...
the opportunities ...
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It's worth taking a moment to try
to imagine what I'm talking about here.
to imagine what I'm talking about here.
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Hundreds of thousands
or millions of people
or millions of people
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being able to coinhabit the same space.
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The last time any of us as a species
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had the opportunity
to build or do something together
to build or do something together
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with that may people was in antiquity.
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And the circumstances
were less than optimal, shall we say.
were less than optimal, shall we say.
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Mostly conflicts or building pyramids.
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Not necessarily the best thing for us
to be spending our time doing.
to be spending our time doing.
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But if you bring together
that many people,
that many people,
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the kind of shared experience
that can create ...
that can create ...
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I think it exercises a social muscle in us
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that we've lost and forgotten.
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Going even beyond that,
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I want to take a moment
to think about what it means
to think about what it means
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for relationships, for identity.
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If we can give each other worlds,
experiences at scale
experiences at scale
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where we can spend
a meaningful amount of our time,
a meaningful amount of our time,
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we can change what it means
to be an individual.
to be an individual.
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We can go beyond a single identity
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to a diverse set of personal identities.
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The gender, the race,
the personality traits you were born with
the personality traits you were born with
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might be something you want
to experiment differently with.
to experiment differently with.
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You might be someone
that wants to be more than one person.
that wants to be more than one person.
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We all are, inside, multiple people.
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We rarely get
the opportunity to flex that.
the opportunity to flex that.
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It's also about empathy.
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I have a grandmother
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who I have literally
nothing in common with.
nothing in common with.
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I love her to bits,
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but every story she has begins in 1940
and ends sometime in 1950.
and ends sometime in 1950.
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And every story I have
is like 50 years later.
is like 50 years later.
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But if we could coinhabit,
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co-experience things together,
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that undiminished by physical frailty
or by lack of context,
or by lack of context,
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create opportunities together,
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that changes things,
that bonds people in different ways.
that bonds people in different ways.
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I'm struck by how social media
has amplified our many differences,
has amplified our many differences,
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and really made us more who we are
in the presence of other people.
in the presence of other people.
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I think games could really start to create
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an opportunity for us to empathize again.
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To have shared adversity,
shared opportunity.
shared opportunity.
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I mean, statistically,
at this moment in time,
at this moment in time,
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there are people who are
on the opposite sides of a conflict,
on the opposite sides of a conflict,
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who have been matchmade
together into a game
together into a game
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and don't even know it.
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That's an incredible opportunity
to change the way we look at things.
to change the way we look at things.
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Finally, for those of you who perhaps are
more cynical about all of this,
more cynical about all of this,
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who maybe don't think that virtual worlds
and games are your cup of tea.
and games are your cup of tea.
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There's a reality you have to accept,
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and that is that the economic impact
of what I'm talking about
of what I'm talking about
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will be profound.
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Right now, thousands of people
have full-time jobs in gaming.
have full-time jobs in gaming.
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Soon, it will be millions of people.
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Wherever there's a mobile phone,
there will be a job.
there will be a job.
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An opportunity for something
that is creative and rich
that is creative and rich
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and gives you an income,
no matter what country you're in,
no matter what country you're in,
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no matter what skills or opportunities
you might think you have.
you might think you have.
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Probably the first dollar
most kids born today make
most kids born today make
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might be in a game.
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That will be the new paper route,
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that will be the new
opportunity for an income
opportunity for an income
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at the earliest time in your life.
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So I kind of want to end
with almost a plea,
with almost a plea,
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really, more than thoughts.
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A sense of, I think, how we need
to face this new opportunity
to face this new opportunity
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a little differently
to some we have in the past.
to some we have in the past.
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It's so hypocritical
for yet another technologist
for yet another technologist
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to stand up on stage and say,
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"The future will be great,
technology will fix it."
technology will fix it."
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And the reality is,
this is going to have downsides.
this is going to have downsides.
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But those downsides will only be amplified
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if we approach, once again,
with cynicism and derision,
with cynicism and derision,
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the opportunities that this presents.
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The worst thing that we could possibly do
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is let the same four or five companies
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end up dominating
yet another adjacent space.
yet another adjacent space.
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(Applause)
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Because they're not just going to define
how and who makes money from this.
how and who makes money from this.
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The reality is, we're now talking
about defining how we think,
about defining how we think,
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what the rules are
around identity and collaboration,
around identity and collaboration,
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the rules of the world we live in.
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This has got to be something we all own,
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we all cocreate.
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So, my final plea
is really to those engineers,
is really to those engineers,
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those scientists, those artists
in the audience today.
in the audience today.
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Maybe some of you dreamed
of working on space travel.
of working on space travel.
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The reality is, there are worlds
you can build right here, right now,
you can build right here, right now,
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that can transform people's lives.
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There are still huge
technological frontiers
technological frontiers
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that need to be overcome here,
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akin to those we faced
when building the early internet.
when building the early internet.
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All the technology
behind virtual worlds is different.
behind virtual worlds is different.
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So, my plea to you is this.
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Let's engage, let's all engage,
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let's actually try to make this something
that we shape in a positive way,
that we shape in a positive way,
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rather than once again have be done to us.
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Thank you.
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(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Herman Narula - Entrepreneur, coderHerman Narula builds new technology for the online games and virtual worlds that will massively impact the way we live, socialize and entertain each other.
Why you should listen
According to Herman Narula, "I have always been interested in how technology can enable creativity and solve tough problems, and I've always loved video games." With co-founder Rob Whitehead, "who shared my excitement ... [for] creating the next generation of games and virtual spaces," he founded Improbable, which created SpatialOS.
SpatialOS is a tool for developers and gaming studios like Midwinter Entertainment, Klang Games and NetEase Games to "add innovation to online games -- from short, team-based matches to huge, persistent shared environments. Our goal is to help build the complex, interactive and highly connected virtual worlds where billions of people will meet, play and find real meaning in the near future."
Herman Narula | Speaker | TED.com