ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jedidah Isler - Astrophysicist
Jedidah Isler studies blazars — supermassive hyperactive black holes that emit powerful jet streams. They are the universe’s most efficient particle accelerators, transferring energy throughout galaxies.

Why you should listen

Jedidah Isler has been staring at the stars since she was 11 or 12. But because neither her undergraduate college or the university where she got her first master’s degree offered astronomy majors, she threw herself wholeheartedly into physics. It wasn’t until she entered a doctoral program that she was able to dedicate her time to the studying the night sky. In 2014, she became the first African-American woman to receive a Ph.D in Astrophysics from Yale.

Isler studies blazars — supermassive hyperactive black holes at the center of galaxies, some of which emit powerful streams of particles. Sometimes these are oriented toward Earth, offering us a unique perspective on the physics of the universe. Isler is a Chancellor’s Faculty Fellow in Physics at Syracuse University. She participates in the Future Faculty Leader program at Harvard's Center for Astrophysics and was named a 2015 TED Fellow.

Isler is also interested in breaking down barriers that prevent many students — especially women of color — from becoming scienists. She works to make STEM accessible to new communities. 

More profile about the speaker
Jedidah Isler | Speaker | TED.com
TED2015

Jedidah Isler: How I fell in love with quasars, blazars and our incredible universe

Jedidah Isler: Kako sam se zaljubila u kvazare, blazare i naš nevjerojatan Svemir

Filmed:
1,513,343 views

Jedidah Isler se još kao djevojčica zaljubila u noćno nebo. Sada je astrofizičarka koja proučava supermasivne, hiperaktivne crne rupe. U njenom divnom govoru, vodi nas trilijune kilometraa daleko od Zemlje kako bi nas upoznala s objektima koji mogu imati masu 1 do 10 milijarde veću od Sunca i koji ponekad izbacuju snažne mlazove čestica u našem smjeru.
- Astrophysicist
Jedidah Isler studies blazars — supermassive hyperactive black holes that emit powerful jet streams. They are the universe’s most efficient particle accelerators, transferring energy throughout galaxies. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
My first love was for the night skynebo.
0
1131
3301
Moja prva ljubav bila je noćno nebo.
00:16
Love is complicatedsložen.
1
4432
1566
Ljubav je složena.
00:17
You're looking at a fly-throughletjeti kroz of the
HubbleHubble SpaceProstor TelescopeTeleskop Ultra-DeepUltra-duboka FieldPolje,
2
5998
4529
Gledate snimku ultra-dubokog polja
svemirskog teleskopa Hubble,
00:22
one of the mostnajviše distantudaljen imagesslika
of our universesvemir ever observedpromatranom.
3
10527
4112
jednu od najudaljenijih slika
našeg Svemira koja je ikad snimljena.
00:26
Everything you see here is a galaxygalaksija,
4
14639
2514
Sve što ovdje vidite je galaksija
00:29
comprisedsastoji se of billionsmilijarde of starszvijezde eachsvaki.
5
17153
3007
koju čine milijarde zvijezda.
00:32
And the farthestnajdalje galaxygalaksija is
a trillionbilijuna, trillionbilijuna kilometerskilometara away.
6
20160
4741
Najudaljenija galaksija je
bilijune i bilijune kilometra daleko.
00:37
As an astrophysicistastrofizičar, I have
the awesomesuper privilegeprivilegija of studyingučenje
7
25881
2924
Kao astrofizičarka imam
privilegiju proučavati
00:40
some of the mostnajviše exoticegzotične objectsobjekti
in our universesvemir.
8
28805
3447
neke od najegzotičnijih objekata
u Svemiru.
00:44
The objectsobjekti that have captivatedvezavši me
from first crushsimpatija throughoutkroz my careerkarijera
9
32252
3812
Objekti koji su me najviše očarali od
prvog zaljubljivanja pa sve kroz karijeru
00:48
are supermassivePrekopali,
hyperactivehiperaktivna blackcrno holesrupe.
10
36064
4409
su supermasivne,
hiperaktivne crne rupe.
00:53
WeighingVaganje one to 10 billionmilijardi timesputa
the massmasa of our ownvlastiti sunsunce,
11
41813
4118
S masom 10 milijardi većom
od mase našeg Sunca,
00:57
these galacticgalaktički blackcrno holesrupe
are devouringproždire materialmaterijal,
12
45931
2894
ove galaktičke crne rupe
proždiru materijal
01:00
at a ratestopa of upwardsprema gore of
1,000 timesputa more
13
48825
3320
brzinom 1000 puta većom od
01:04
than your "averageprosječan"
supermassivePrekopali blackcrno holerupa.
14
52145
3367
"uobičajne" supermasivne crne rupe.
01:07
(LaughterSmijeh)
15
55512
2128
(Smijeh)
01:09
These two characteristicskarakteristike,
16
57640
1694
Te dvije karakteristike,
01:11
with a fewnekoliko othersdrugi, make them quasarskvazari.
17
59334
3214
s nekoliko drugih čine ih kvazarima.
01:14
At the sameisti time, the objectsobjekti I studystudija
18
62548
2917
Istovremeno, objekti koje istražujem
01:17
are producingproizvodnju some of the mostnajviše
powerfulsnažan particlečestica streamspotoci
19
65465
2777
proizvode jedne od najsnažnijih
protoka čestica
01:20
ever observedpromatranom.
20
68242
1695
ikada uočenih.
01:21
These narrowsuziti streamspotoci, calledzvao jetsmlaznice,
21
69937
2840
Ti uski protoci, nazvani mlazovi,
01:24
are movingkreće at 99.99 percentposto
of the speedubrzati of lightsvjetlo,
22
72777
4608
kreću se 99.99% brzine svijetlosti,
01:29
and are pointedšiljast directlydirektno at the EarthZemlja.
23
77385
3983
i usmjereni su direktno prema Zemlji.
01:33
These jettedjetted, Earth-pointedZemlji ukazala, hyperactivehiperaktivna
and supermassivePrekopali blackcrno holesrupe
24
81368
5889
Te hiperaktivne i supermasivne crne rupe
s mlazovima usmjerenim prema Zemlji
01:39
are calledzvao blazarsblazars, or blazingplamen quasarskvazari.
25
87257
4544
se zovu blazari ili gorući kvazari.
01:43
What makesmarke blazarsblazars so specialposeban
is that they're some of the universe'ssvemir je
26
91801
3481
Blazari su posebni po tome
što su jedni od
01:47
mostnajviše efficientučinkovit particlečestica acceleratorsakceleratori,
27
95282
2520
najefikasnijih svemirskih akcelatora
čestica
01:49
transportingprijevoz incrediblenevjerojatan amountsiznosi
of energyenergija throughoutkroz a galaxygalaksija.
28
97802
4918
koji rasipaju nevjerojatne količine
energije u galaksiju.
01:54
Here, I'm showingpokazivanje an
artist'sumjetnika conceptionzačeće of a blazarblazar.
29
102720
2749
Ovdje možete vidjeti umjetnički
prikaz blazara.
01:57
The dinnervečera plateploča by whichkoji
materialmaterijal fallsSlapovi ontona the blackcrno holerupa
30
105469
3200
Rotacijska os kojom materija
biva privučena u crnu rupu
02:00
is calledzvao the accretionsrastanje discdisk,
31
108669
1587
se zove akrecijski disk,
02:02
shownprikazan here in blueplava.
32
110256
1826
prikazan ovdje plavo.
02:04
Some of that materialmaterijal is slingshottedslingshotted
around the blackcrno holerupa
33
112082
2979
Neki od tih materijala se poput
praćke gibaju oko crne rupe
02:07
and acceleratedubrzan to insanelyludo highvisok speedsbrzine
34
115061
2024
i bivaju ubrzani do nevjerojatnih brzina
02:09
in the jetmlaz, shownprikazan here in whitebijela.
35
117085
2827
u mlazu koje je ovdje prikazan bijelo.
02:11
AlthoughIako the blazarblazar systemsistem is rarerijedak,
36
119912
2687
Iako je blazar rijetka pojava,
02:14
the processpostupak by whichkoji naturepriroda
pullsvučenje in materialmaterijal viapreko a diskdiska,
37
122599
3007
proces kojim priroda
privlači materiju u disk
02:17
and then flingsstvari some of it out viapreko a jetmlaz,
is more commonzajednička.
38
125606
3277
i onda ju djelomično izbacuje kao mlaz
puno je češći.
02:21
We'llMi ćemo eventuallyeventualno zoomzum out of
the blazarblazar systemsistem
39
129647
2444
Sada ćemo se udaljiti od
blazara
02:24
to showpokazati its approximateudaljenost oko relationshipodnos
to the largerveći galacticgalaktički contextkontekst.
40
132091
5089
kako bih objasnila njegov odnos
u širem kontekstu cijele galaksije.
02:33
BeyondIzvan the cosmickosmički accountingračunovodstvo
of what goeside in to what goeside out,
41
141890
4405
Osim kozmičkog računanja
što ide unutra, a što van,
02:38
one of the hotvruće topicsteme in
blazarblazar astrophysicsastrofizika right now
42
146295
3047
trenutno jedna od vrućih tema u
astrofizici blazara
02:41
is where the highest-energynajviše energije
jetmlaz emissionemisija comesdolazi from.
43
149342
3711
je saznati odakle dolazi
visoko-energetski mlaz.
02:45
In this imageslika, I'm interestedzainteresiran
in where this whitebijela blobblob formsobrasci
44
153053
3921
Na ovoj slici mene zanima
gdje se točno stvara ova bijela grudica
02:48
and if, as a resultproizlaziti, there's any
relationshipodnos betweenizmeđu the jetmlaz
45
156974
3643
i dali možda postoji posljedična
veza između mlaza
02:52
and the accretionsrastanje discdisk materialmaterijal.
46
160617
2866
i materije akrecijskog diska.
02:55
ClearJasno answersodgovori to this questionpitanje
47
163483
1803
Jasan odgovor na to pitanje
02:57
were almostskoro completelypotpuno
inaccessiblemože pristupiti untildo 2008,
48
165286
3115
bilo je nemoguće dobiti
sve do 2008.,
03:00
when NASANASA launchedpokrenut a newnovi telescopeteleskop
that better detectsotkrije gammaGama rayzraka lightsvjetlo --
49
168401
4274
kada je NASA lansirala novi teleskop
koji bolje detektira gama zračenje,
03:04
that is, lightsvjetlo with energiesenergija
a millionmilijuna timesputa higherviši
50
172675
2712
tj. emisiju svjetlosti s energijom
milijun puta većom
03:07
than your standardstandard x-rayrendgenski scanskenirati.
51
175387
3547
od standardnih X-zraka.
03:10
I simultaneouslyistovremeno compareusporediti variationsvarijacije
betweenizmeđu the gammaGama rayzraka lightsvjetlo datapodaci
52
178934
3890
Ja istovremeno uspoređujem varijacije
u podatcima između gama zračenja
03:14
and the visiblevidljiv lightsvjetlo datapodaci from
day to day and yeargodina to yeargodina,
53
182824
3669
i vidljive svjetlosti, iz dana u dan i
godine u godinu,
03:18
to better localizelokalizirati these gammaGama rayzraka blobsMrljica.
54
186493
3274
kako bih bolje lokalizirala te grudice
gama zraka.
03:21
My researchistraživanje showspokazuje that in some instancesslučajevi,
55
189767
2686
Moje istraživanje pokazuje da
se u nekim slučajevima,
03:24
these blobsMrljica formoblik much closerbliže
to the blackcrno holerupa
56
192453
3060
te grudice stvaraju puno bliže
crnoj rupi
03:27
than we initiallyu početku thought.
57
195513
2360
nego što smo prvotno mislili.
03:29
As we more confidentlypouzdano localizelokalizirati
58
197873
1891
Kako sa sve više sampouzdanja
lokaliziramo
03:31
where these gammaGama rayzraka
blobsMrljica are formingformiranje,
59
199764
2296
gdje se stvaraju grudice
gama zraka,
03:34
we can better understandrazumjeti how jetsmlaznice
are beingbiće acceleratedubrzan,
60
202060
3523
bolje razumijemo kako se
mlazovi ubrzavaju
03:37
and ultimatelyna kraju revealotkriti
the dynamicdinamičan processesprocesi
61
205583
2608
i naposlijetku nam otkrivaju
dinamičke procese
03:40
by whichkoji some of the mostnajviše fascinatingfascinantan
objectsobjekti in our universesvemir are formedformirana.
62
208191
4695
kojima se stvaraju jedni od
najočaravajućih objekata u Svemiru.
03:45
This all startedpočeo as a love storypriča.
63
213892
3609
Ovo je počelo kao ljubavna priča.
03:49
And it still is.
64
217501
1913
I još uvijek to jest.
03:51
This love transformedpretvara me from
a curiousznatiželjan, stargazingstargazing youngmladi girldjevojka
65
219414
4210
Ta ljubav me transformirala iz znatiželjne
djevojčice zaljubljene u zvijezde
03:55
to a professionalprofesionalac astrophysicistastrofizičar,
66
223624
1821
u astrofizičarku po profesiji,
03:57
hotvruće on the heelspete of celestialNebeski discoveryotkriće.
67
225445
3337
koja je u potrazi za nebeskim otkrićima.
04:00
Who knewznao that chasingjurnjava after the universesvemir
68
228782
2420
Tko bi znao da će me svemirska potraga
04:03
would groundtlo me so deeplyduboko
to my missionmisija here on EarthZemlja.
69
231202
3798
duboko vezati za moju misiju
ovdje na Zemlji.
04:07
Then again, when do we ever know
where love'sljubav je first flutterviti
70
235000
3468
S druge strane, znamo li ikada gdje će
lepršanje leptira u zaljubljenom srcu
04:10
will trulyuistinu take us.
71
238468
1474
nas zaista odvesti.
04:11
Thank you.
72
239942
1229
Hvala.
04:13
(ApplausePljesak)
73
241171
3300
(Pljesak)
Translated by Martina Juranic
Reviewed by Ivan Stamenkovic

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jedidah Isler - Astrophysicist
Jedidah Isler studies blazars — supermassive hyperactive black holes that emit powerful jet streams. They are the universe’s most efficient particle accelerators, transferring energy throughout galaxies.

Why you should listen

Jedidah Isler has been staring at the stars since she was 11 or 12. But because neither her undergraduate college or the university where she got her first master’s degree offered astronomy majors, she threw herself wholeheartedly into physics. It wasn’t until she entered a doctoral program that she was able to dedicate her time to the studying the night sky. In 2014, she became the first African-American woman to receive a Ph.D in Astrophysics from Yale.

Isler studies blazars — supermassive hyperactive black holes at the center of galaxies, some of which emit powerful streams of particles. Sometimes these are oriented toward Earth, offering us a unique perspective on the physics of the universe. Isler is a Chancellor’s Faculty Fellow in Physics at Syracuse University. She participates in the Future Faculty Leader program at Harvard's Center for Astrophysics and was named a 2015 TED Fellow.

Isler is also interested in breaking down barriers that prevent many students — especially women of color — from becoming scienists. She works to make STEM accessible to new communities. 

More profile about the speaker
Jedidah Isler | Speaker | TED.com