ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Toby Eccles - Social investment visionary
Toby Eccles has created a radical financial instrument that helps private investors contribute to solving thorny public problems.

Why you should listen

All too often, an ex-inmate walks out of prison with the exact same problems he or she walked in with: lack of skills, lack of support, no job. And they end up re-offending and back in jail. It's an expensive problem to fix, but it's a much more expensive one to ignore. A director at Social Finance in London, Toby Eccles explores the arbitrage between those two options.

In 2010, his pioneering Social Impact Bond allowed private investors to support a UK program targeting ex-prisoners who served short sentences (the limited government funding only goes to ex-inmates who served long terms). The £5m scheme, funded by 17 investors, supports training and support for 1,000 ex-inmates; if they re-offend less than a control group, the government will pay investors back, plus interest, through the savings accrued by achieving the program's targets.

More such bonds are now being tried across the world, including in New York City and Massachusetts (both addressing recidivism), and extended to new fields such as development. Eccles founded Social Finance in 2007, and he oversees all of the firm's social impact bond work, where, he says: "We are incentivised to work with the complicated and with those willing to change." "We are incentivised to work with the complicated and with those willing to change."

More profile about the speaker
Toby Eccles | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2013

Toby Eccles: Invest in social change

Toby Eccles: Vlagajmo v družbene spremembe

Filmed:
980,881 views

To številko si velja zapomniti: v Veliki Britaniji se 63 odstotkov moških, ki prestanejo kratke zaporne kazni, v roku enega leta vrne za zapahe zaradi novega prestopka. Če jim hočemo pomagati ostati zunaj, potrebujemo usposabljanje za delo, tečaje, terapijo. In še izplačalo bi se - a vlada ne najde denarja. Toby Eccles predstavi iznajdljivo zamisel, kako to spremeniti: obveznico družbenega učinka. Gre za nenavadno obveznico, ki pomaga financirati pobude s socialnimi cilji s pomočjo zasebnega denarja - pri čemer vlada vlagateljem vrne denar (z obrestmi), če pobude delujejo.
- Social investment visionary
Toby Eccles has created a radical financial instrument that helps private investors contribute to solving thorny public problems. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I'm here todaydanes to talk about socialsocialno changesprememba,
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Danes bom govoril o družbenih spremembah,
00:15
not a newnovo therapyterapija or a newnovo interventionintervencija
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ne o novi terapiji ali novem ukrepu
00:19
or a newnovo way of workingdelo with kidsotroci
or something like that,
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ali novem načinu dela z otroki
ali o čem podobnem,
00:21
but a newnovo businessposlovanje modelmodel for socialsocialno changesprememba,
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temveč o poslovnem načrtu
za družbene spremembe,
00:24
a newnovo way of tacklingreševanje the problemproblem.
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kot novem načinu reševanja problema.
00:27
In BritainVelika Britanija, 63 percentodstotkov of all menmoški
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V Britaniji 63 odstotkov moških
00:31
who come out of shortkratek sentenceskazni from prisonzapor
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po prestanih kratkih zapornih kaznih
00:35
re-offendponovno užaliti again withinznotraj a yearleto.
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v enem letu ponovno prestopi črko zakona.
00:37
Now how manyveliko previousprejšnji offenseskazniva dejanja
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Koliko prestopkov so
00:40
do you think they have on averagepovprečje
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po vašem mnenju povprečno
00:42
managedupravlja to commitzavezati?
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že uspeli napraviti?
00:45
Forty-threeŠtirideset in tri.
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Triinštirideset.
00:47
And how manyveliko previousprejšnji timeskrat
do you think they'veoni so been in prisonzapor?
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In kolikokrat so poprej že bili v zaporu?
00:50
SevenSedem.
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Sedemkrat.
00:52
So we wentšla to talk to the MinistryMinistrstvo za of JusticePravosodje,
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Zato smo odšli na pravosodno ministrstvo
00:54
and we said to the MinistryMinistrstvo za of JusticePravosodje,
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in jih vprašali,
00:56
what's it worthvredno to you
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kaj bi jim pomenilo,
00:59
if fewermanj of these guys re-offendponovno užaliti?
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če bi manj teh fantov postalo povratnikov.
01:01
It's got to be worthvredno something, right?
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To vendar mora imeti neko vrednost, ne?
01:03
I mean, there's prisonzapor costsstroške,
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Saj veste, tu so stroški zapora,
01:05
there's policepolicija costsstroške, there's courtsodišče costsstroške,
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stroški za policijo, za sodišče,
01:08
all these things that you're spendingporaba moneydenar on
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vse te zadeve, za katere se troši denar,
01:11
to dealobravnava with these guys. What's it worthvredno?
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da bi obravnavali te fante.
Koliko je to vredno?
01:14
Now, of courseseveda, we carenego about the socialsocialno valuevrednost.
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Seveda je pomembna tudi socialna vrednost.
01:17
SocialSocialne FinanceFinance, the organizationorganizacija I helpedpomagal setnastavite up,
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Social Finance, organizacija, ki sem jo
pomagal postaviti na noge,
01:20
caresskrbi about socialsocialno stuffstvari.
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skrbi za socialne zadeve.
01:22
But we wanted to make the economicgospodarsko caseprimera,
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A hoteli smo narediti ekonomski izračun,
01:25
because if we could make the economicgospodarsko caseprimera,
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ker če bi nam to uspelo,
01:27
then the valuevrednost of doing this
would be completelypopolnoma compellingnujni.
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bi bila vrednost take spremembe
izjemno močna.
01:30
And if we can agreese strinjam on bothoboje a valuevrednost
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Če bi se lahko zedinili o vrednosti
01:33
and a way of measuringmeriti whetherali we'vesmo been
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in načinu merjenja, ali smo bili uspešni
01:35
successfuluspešno at reducingzmanjšanje that re-offendingponovno krši,
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pri zmanjševanju povratništva,
01:38
then we can do something
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potem menimo, da lahko
01:40
we think ratherprecej interestingzanimivo.
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naredimo nekaj dokaj zanimivega.
01:42
The ideaideja is calledpozval the socialsocialno impactvpliv bondvez.
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Zamisel se imenuje
obveznica družbenega učinka.
01:46
Now, the socialsocialno impactvpliv bondvez is simplypreprosto sayinggovoriti,
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Obveznica družbenega učinka pravi,
01:48
if we can get the governmentvlada to agreese strinjam,
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da, če dosežemo strinjanje vlade,
01:50
that we can createustvarite a contractpogodbe where
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lahko sestavimo pogodbo, po kateri
01:53
they only payplačati if it workeddelal.
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vlada plača samo, če stvar učinkuje.
01:56
So that meanssredstva that they can try out newnovo stuffstvari
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Na ta način lahko poskusijo nove pristope
01:59
withoutbrez the embarrassmentzadrega
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brez sramote,
02:01
of havingimeti to payplačati if it didn't work,
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da bi morali plačati, če ne delujejo,
02:03
whichki for still quitečisto a lot of bitsbitov of governmentvlada,
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kar je za velik del uprave
02:05
that's a seriousresno issuetežava.
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še vedno resna zadeva.
02:06
Now, manyveliko of you maylahko have noticedopazili
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Veliko vas je najbrž ugotovilo,
02:08
there's a problemproblem at this pointtočka,
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da obstaja problem,
02:09
and that is that it takes a long time to measureukrep
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da traja dolgo časa,
preden lahko izmerimo,
02:11
whetherali those outcomesrezultatov have happenedse je zgodilo.
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kakšni so rezultati.
02:14
So we have to raisedvigni some moneydenar.
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Zato moramo zbrati nekaj denarja.
02:17
We use the contractpogodbe to raisedvigni moneydenar
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S pogodbo zbiramo denar
02:20
from sociallysocialno motivatedmotivirani investorsvlagateljev.
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pri družbeno motiviranih vlagateljih.
02:22
SociallyDružbeno motivatedmotivirani investorsvlagateljev:
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Družbeno motivirani vlagatelji:
02:24
there's an interestingzanimivo ideaideja, right?
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zanimiva zamisel, kajne?
02:27
But actuallydejansko, there's a lot of people who,
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V resnici obstaja veliko ljudi,
02:29
if they're givendan the chancepriložnost,
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ki bi, če bi imeli možnost,
02:30
would love to investvlagati in something
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vlagali v nekaj,
02:32
that does socialsocialno good.
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kar je družbeno koristno.
02:35
And here'sTukaj je the opportunitypriložnost.
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Tule je priložnost.
02:37
Do you want to alsotudi help governmentvlada find
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Želite tudi vi pomagati vladi,
da bi ugotovila,
02:39
whetherali there's a better economicgospodarsko modelmodel,
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ali obstaja boljši ekonomski model
od tega.
02:41
not just leavingodhod these guys to come out of prisonzapor
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da pustimo te fante,
da pridejo iz zapora,
02:44
and waitingčakanje tilldo they re-offendponovno užaliti
and puttingdajanje them back in again,
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počakamo, spet storijo prekršek,
in jih vtaknemo nazaj v ječo.
02:47
but actuallydejansko workingdelo with them
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Namesto tega jih lahko podpremo,
02:48
to movePremakni se to a differentdrugačen pathpot
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da spremenijo svojo pot,
02:50
to endkonec up with fewermanj crimeskazniva dejanja
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in tako dosežemo manj kriminala
02:52
and fewermanj victimsžrtve?
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in manj žrtev.
02:54
So we find some investorsvlagateljev,
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Najdemo torej nekaj vlagateljev,
02:57
and they payplačati for a setnastavite of servicesstoritev,
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ki plačajo za skupek storitev,
02:59
and if those servicesstoritev are successfuluspešno,
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in če so le-te uspešne,
03:02
then they improveizboljšati outcomesrezultatov,
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izboljšajo rezultate
03:04
and with those measuredmerjeno reductionszmanjšanja in re-offendingponovno krši,
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in s tem izmerjenim
zmanjšanjem povratništva
03:07
governmentvlada savesprihrani moneydenar,
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vlada prihrani denar,
03:08
and with those savingsprihranki,
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s prihranki
03:09
they can payplačati outcomesrezultatov.
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pa lahko plača rezultate.
03:12
And the investorsvlagateljev do not just get theirnjihovi moneydenar back,
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Vlagatelji ne dobijo denarja samo nazaj,
03:14
but they make a returnvrnitev.
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temveč jih čaka tudi dobiček.
03:16
So in MarchMarca 2010, we signedpodpisano
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Marca 2010 smo podpisali
03:18
the first socialsocialno impactvpliv bondvez
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prvo obveznico družbenega učinka
03:20
with the MinistryMinistrstvo za of JusticePravosodje
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s pravosodnim ministrstvom
03:22
around PeterboroughPeterborough PrisonZapor.
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v zvezi z zaporom Peterborough.
03:24
It was to work with 3,000 offendersstorilcev kaznivih dejanj
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Namen je bil delati
s tri tisoč prestopniki,
03:27
splitsplit into threetri cohortskohorte of 1,000 eachvsak.
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razdeljenimi v tri skupine po tisoč.
03:30
Now, eachvsak of those cohortskohorte
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Vsako skupino
03:32
would get measuredmerjeno over the two yearslet
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smo spremljali dve leti,
03:34
that they were comingprihajajo out of prisonzapor.
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ko so njeni člani prihajali iz zapora.
03:35
They'veOni got to have a yearleto to commitzavezati theirnjihovi crimeskazniva dejanja,
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Leto dni je potrebno, da prekršijo zakon,
03:37
sixšest monthsmesecev to get throughskozi the courtsodišče systemsistem,
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šest mesecev,
da pridejo skozi sodni sistem,
03:40
and then they would be comparedprimerjali to a groupskupina
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potem pa smo jih primerjali s skupino,
03:42
takensprejeti from the policepolicija nationalnacionalno computerračunalnik,
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vzeto iz nacionalnega
policijskega registra,
03:44
as similarpodobno as possiblemogoče,
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ki je bila kolikor mogoče podobna.
03:46
and we would get paidplačani
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Plačali so nam,
03:48
providingzagotavljanje we achieveddoseženi a hurdleoviro rateoceniti
of 10-percent-odstotkov reductionzmanjšanje,
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če smo dosegli mejo
10-odstotnega zmanjšanja,
03:50
for everyvsak convictionobsodbe eventdogodek that didn't happense zgodi.
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za vsako obsodbo, ki se ni zgodila.
03:54
So we get paidplačani for crimeskazniva dejanja savedshranjeno.
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Plačali so nam,
da smo zmanjševali kriminal.
03:58
Now if we achieveddoseženi that 10-percent-odstotkov reductionzmanjšanje
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Če smo dosegli 10-odstotno zmanjšanje
04:02
acrossčez all threetri cohortskohorte,
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v vseh treh skupinah,
04:03
then the investorsvlagateljev get a sevensedem and a halfpol percentodstotkov
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so vlagatelji dobili 7,5 odstotka
04:06
annualizedletna returnvrnitev on theirnjihovi investmentnaložbe,
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letnega dobička na svojo investicijo.
04:09
and if we do better than that,
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Če pa smo bili še bolj uspešni,
04:10
they can get up to 13 percentodstotkov
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so lahko dobili do 13 odstotkov
04:12
annualizedletna returnvrnitev on theirnjihovi investmentnaložbe,
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letnega dobička na investicijo,
04:14
whichki is okay.
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kar je v redu.
04:16
So everyonevsi winszmaga here, right?
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Tako vsi pridobimo, ne?
04:20
The MinistryMinistrstvo za of JusticePravosodje can try out a newnovo programprogram
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Pravosodno ministrstvo
lahko preizkusi nov program
04:22
and they only payplačati if it worksdela.
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in plača samo, če deluje.
04:25
InvestorsVlagatelji get two opportunitiespriložnosti:
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Vlagatelji dobijo dve priložnosti:
04:27
for the first time, they can investvlagati in socialsocialno changesprememba.
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prvič, lahko vlagajo v družbene spremembe.
04:30
AlsoTudi, they make a reasonablerazumno returnvrnitev,
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Poleg tega dobijo razumen dobiček.
04:32
and they alsotudi know that
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Res pa je,
04:34
first investorsvlagateljev in these kindsvrste of things,
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da morajo kot prvi vlagatelji
v take stvari
04:37
they're going to have to believersverniki.
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biti res prepričani vanje.
04:38
They're going to have to carenego in the socialsocialno programprogram,
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Socialni program mora biti zanje pomemben,
04:40
but if this buildsgradi a tracksledi recordzapis
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a če v petih ali desetih letih
postane praksa z dobrimi rezultati,
04:42
over fivepet or 10 yearslet,
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04:44
then you can widenrazširiti that investorinvestitor communityskupnosti
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lahko skupnost vlagateljev razširimo,
04:46
as more people have confidencezaupanje in the productizdelek.
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saj več ljudi začne zaupati projektu.
04:48
The servicestoritev providersponudniki, well, for the first time,
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Ponudniki storitev imajo prvič sploh
04:51
they'veoni so got an opportunitypriložnost to providezagotoviti servicesstoritev
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možnost dati svoje storitve na trg
04:53
and growrastejo the evidencedokazov for what they're doing
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ter zbrati dokaze za svoje delo
04:56
in a really constructivekonstruktivno way and learnučiti se
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na konstruktiven način
ter se naučiti
04:58
and demonstratedokazati the valuevrednost of what they're doing
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in prikazati pomen tega, kar počnejo,
05:00
over fivepet or sixšest yearslet, not just one or two
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v petih, šestih letih,
ne v enem ali dveh,
05:02
as oftenpogosto happensse zgodi at the momenttrenutek.
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kot se trenutno pogosto dogaja.
05:04
SocietyDružbe winszmaga: fewermanj crimeskazniva dejanja, fewermanj victimsžrtve.
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Družba pridobi:
manj kriminala, manj žrtev.
05:07
Now, the offendersstorilcev kaznivih dejanj, they alsotudi benefitkoristi.
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Tudi prestopniki pridobijo.
05:10
InsteadNamesto of just comingprihajajo out of the prisonzapor
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Namesto da bi prišli iz zapora
05:12
with 46 poundsfuntov in theirnjihovi pocketžep,
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s 46 funti v žepu
05:14
halfpol of them not knowingvedeti where they're spendingporaba
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in polovica brez ideje,
05:15
theirnjihovi first night out of jailzapora,
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kje bodo prebili prvo svobodno noč,
05:17
actuallydejansko, someonenekdo meetsizpolnjuje them in prisonzapor,
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jih nekdo sreča, ko so še v zaporu,
05:20
learnsuči about theirnjihovi issuesvprašanja,
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se pouči o njihovih težavah,
05:22
meetsizpolnjuje them at the gatevrata,
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jih počaka pri vratih,
05:24
takes them throughskozi to somewherenekje to stayostani,
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jih odpelje nekam, kjer lahko prespijo,
05:27
connectspovezuje them to benefitskoristi,
connectspovezuje them to employmentzaposlovanje,
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jih poveže s socialnimi prispevki,
s trgom dela,
z zdravljenjem odvisnosti,
z duševnim zdravjem,
05:29
drugdroge rehabilitationRehabilitacija, mentalduševno healthzdravje,
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05:31
whatever'skarkoli osebe neededpotrebno.
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kar je pač treba.
05:33
So let's think of anotherdrugo exampleprimer:
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Poglejmo si še en primer:
05:36
workingdelo with childrenotroci in carenego.
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delo z otroki v oskrbi.
Obveznice družbenega učinka delujejo
05:37
SocialSocialne impactvpliv bondsobveznice work great
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05:39
for any areaobmočje where there is at the momenttrenutek
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na vsakem področju,
kjer trenutno obstajajo
05:42
very expensivedraga provisionzagotavljanje that producesproizvaja
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zelo dragi ukrepi, ki prinašajo
05:44
poorslabo outcomesrezultatov for people.
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majhne učinke na ljudi.
05:46
So childrenotroci in the statedržava carenego
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Otroci v državni oskrbi
05:48
tendnagibati se to do very badlyslabo.
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ponavadi nimajo dobrih rezultatov.
05:50
Only 13 percentodstotkov achievedoseči a reasonablerazumno levelravni
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Samo 13 odstotkov jih doseže zmerni nivo
05:54
of fivepet GCSEsGCSE at 16,
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pri petih predmetih pri starosti 16 let.
05:57
againstproti 58 percentodstotkov of the widerširše populationprebivalstvo.
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2470
V celotni populaciji
je takih 58 odstotkov.
05:59
More troublinglytroublingly, 27 percentodstotkov of offendersstorilcev kaznivih dejanj in prisonzapor
147
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Še huje, 27 odstotkov zapornikov
06:03
have spentpreživel some time in carenego.
148
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2041
je bilo vsaj nekaj časa v oskrbi.
06:05
And even more worryinglyzaskrbljujoče,
149
353559
1292
In še bolj zaskrbljujoče je,
06:06
and this is a Home OfficeUrad statisticstatistika,
150
354851
1972
to je statistika notranjega ministrstva,
06:08
70 percentodstotkov of prostitutesprostitutke
151
356823
1900
da je bilo 70 odstotkov prostitutk
06:10
have spentpreživel some time in carenego.
152
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določen čas v oskrbi.
06:12
The statedržava is not a great parentstaršev.
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360907
3000
Država ni odličen starš.
06:15
But there are great programsprogramov
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Obstajajo pa odlični programi
06:18
for adolescentsmladostniki who are on the edgerob of carenego,
155
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3012
za najstnike, ki so na robu oskrbe,
06:21
and 30 percentodstotkov of kidsotroci going into carenego
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1876
in 30% otrok, ki pridejo v oskrbo,
06:23
are adolescentsmladostniki.
157
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1659
je najstnikov.
06:25
So we setnastavite up a programprogram with EssexEssex CountyCounty CouncilSvet
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Z območnim svetom v Essexu
smo vzpostavili program
06:28
to testtest out intensiveintenzivno familydružina therapeuticterapevtski supportpodporo
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za testiranje
intenzivne družinske terapije
06:31
for those familiesdružine with adolescentsmladostniki
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v družinah, kjer so najstniki
06:34
on the edgerob of the carenego systemsistem.
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na robu vstopa v sistem oskrbe.
06:36
EssexEssex only paysplača in the eventdogodek
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Essex plača samo,
06:39
that it's savingvarčevanje them carenego costsstroške.
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če jim sistem pomaga prihraniti stroške.
06:41
InvestorsVlagatelji have put in 3.1 millionmilijonov poundsfuntov.
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Vlagatelji so prispevali
3,1 milijona funtov.
06:44
That programprogram startedzačel last monthmesec.
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Program se je začel prejšnji mesec.
06:46
OthersDrugi, around homelessnessbrezdomstva in LondonLondon,
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Drugi, za brezdomce v Londonu,
06:49
around youthmladina and employmentzaposlovanje and educationizobraževanje
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za mlade ter za zaposlovanje
in izobraževanje
06:53
elsewheredrugje in the countrydržava.
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drugod po državi.
06:54
There are now 13 socialsocialno impactvpliv bondsobveznice in BritainVelika Britanija,
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Trenutno je v Britaniji
13 obveznic družbenega učinka
06:57
and amazingneverjetno levelsravni of interestinteres in this ideaideja
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in izjemno zanimanje za ta pristop
07:00
all over the worldsvet.
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po vsem svetu.
07:01
So DavidDavid Cameron'sCamerona put 20 millionmilijonov poundsfuntov
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David Cameron je vložil
20 milijonov funtov
07:04
into a socialsocialno outcomesrezultatov fundsklad to supportpodporo this ideaideja.
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v podporo obveznici družbenega učinka.
07:07
ObamaObama has suggestedpredlagal 300 millionmilijonov dollarsdolarjev
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Obama je za take ideje
predlagal 300 milijonov dolarjev
07:11
in the U.S. budgetproračun for these kindsvrste of ideasideje
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3533
v ameriškem proračunu
07:14
and structuresstrukture to movePremakni se it forwardnaprej,
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ter strukture, ki bi jih razvile.
07:16
and a lot of other countriesdržave
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Veliko drugih držav
07:17
are demonstratingdokazuje considerableprecejšnje interestinteres.
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kaže veliko zanimanje.
07:19
So what's causedpovzročil this excitementvznemirjenje?
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Kaj povzroča tako vznemirjenje?
07:22
Why is this so differentdrugačen for people?
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2519
Zakaj je to nekaj tako drugačnega?
07:24
Well, the first piecekos, whichki we'vesmo talkedgovoril about,
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2492
Prva stvar, o kateri smo govorili,
07:27
is innovationinovacije.
182
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je inovacija.
07:28
It enablesomogoča testingtestiranje of newnovo ideasideje
183
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3198
Omogoča testiranje novih zamisli
07:31
in a way that's lessmanj difficulttežko for everybodyvsi.
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3593
na način, ki je bolj enostaven za vse.
07:35
The seconddrugič piecekos it bringsprinaša is rigorstrogost.
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2636
Druga stvar je vztrajnost.
07:37
By workingdelo to outcomesrezultatov, people really have to testtest
186
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3293
Delo za rezultate pomeni,
da je treba res preveriti informacije
07:40
and bringprinesi datapodatkov into the situationsituacija
that one'sena dealingdeliti with.
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448967
3869
in prenesti podatke v situacijo,
s katero imamo opravka.
07:44
So takingjemanje PeterboroughPeterborough as an exampleprimer,
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Če vzamemo Peterborough kot primer,
07:47
we adddodaj caseprimera managementupravljanje
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2223
dodamo upravljanje s primeri
07:49
acrossčez all of the differentdrugačen organizationsorganizacije
that we're workingdelo with
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457561
2656
v vseh sodelujočih organizacijah,
07:52
so they know
191
460217
1285
tako da vedo,
07:53
what actuallydejansko has been doneKončano with differentdrugačen prisonerszaporniki,
192
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2149
kaj se je zgodilo s posameznimi zaporniki,
07:55
and at the sameenako time they learnučiti se
193
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2069
hkrati pa se učijo
07:57
from the MinistryMinistrstvo za of JusticePravosodje, and we learnučiti se,
194
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2426
od pravosodnega ministrstva
in mi se učimo,
08:00
because we pushedpotisnila for the datapodatkov,
195
468146
1735
ker zahtevamo podatke,
08:01
what actuallydejansko happensse zgodi, whetherali
they get re-arrestedponovno aretiran or not.
196
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2207
kaj se zgodi:
ali jih spet aretirajo ali ne.
08:04
And we learnučiti se and adaptprilagoditi the programprogram accordinglyustrezno.
197
472088
3288
Učimo se in sproti prilagajamo program.
08:07
And this leadsvodi to the thirdtretjino elementelement, whichki is newnovo,
198
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2937
To vodi k tretjemu elementu, ki je nov,
08:10
and that's flexibilityfleksibilnost.
199
478313
2102
to je fleksibilnost.
08:12
Because normalnormalno contractingpogodbeno delo for things,
200
480415
3113
Običajne pogodbe
08:15
when you're spendingporaba governmentvlada moneydenar,
201
483528
2061
za porabo javnega denarja,
08:17
you're spendingporaba our moneydenar, taxdavka moneydenar,
202
485589
2511
pomenijo porabo
davkoplačevalskega denarja.
08:20
and the people who are in chargeobtožiti
of that are very awarese zaveda of it
203
488100
2697
Ljudje, ki z njim upravljajo,
se tega zavedajo,
08:22
so the temptationskušnjavi is to controlnadzor
exactlytočno how you spendporabiti it.
204
490797
3850
zato jih mika nadzor
nad porabo tega denarja.
08:26
Now any entrepreneurpodjetnik in the roomsoba knowsve
205
494647
3053
Vsak podjetnik v tej sobi ve,
08:29
that versionrazličico 1.0, the businessposlovanje plannačrt,
206
497700
2097
da verzija 1.0 poslovnega načrta
08:31
is not the one that generallyna splošno worksdela.
207
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2847
ni tista, ki ponavadi deluje.
08:34
So when you're tryingposkušam to do something like this,
208
502644
2303
Ko preizkušate nekaj, kot je tole,
08:36
you need the flexibilityfleksibilnost to adaptprilagoditi the programprogram.
209
504947
2693
potrebujete fleksibilnost
za prilagajanje programa.
08:39
And again, in PeterboroughPeterborough, we startedzačel off
210
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2712
V Peterboroughu smo začeli s programom
08:42
with a programprogram, but we alsotudi collectedzbrani datapodatkov,
211
510352
4157
ter z zbiranjem podatkov
08:46
and over the periodobdobje of time,
212
514509
1877
in čez nekaj časa
08:48
we nuancedprefinjen and changedspremenjeno that programprogram
213
516386
2198
smo spremenili program
08:50
to adddodaj a rangerazpon of other elementselementi,
214
518584
2620
ter dodali številne nove elemente,
08:53
so that the servicestoritev adaptsprilagaja
215
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1765
kar je storitev prilagodilo
08:54
and we meetsrečati the needspotrebe of the long termdolgoročno
216
522969
2501
dolgoročnim potrebam
08:57
as well as the shortkratek termdolgoročno:
217
525470
2064
tako kot kratkoročnim:
08:59
greatervečje engagementsodelovanje from the prisonerszaporniki,
218
527534
3109
večja zavzetost zapornikov,
09:02
longer-termdolgoročne engagementsodelovanje as well.
219
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2779
tudi dolgoročna.
09:05
The last elementelement is partnershippartnerstvo.
220
533422
2536
Zadnji element je partnerstvo.
09:07
There is, at the momenttrenutek, a stalezastarele
debaterazprava going on very oftenpogosto:
221
535958
3177
Trenutno pogosto slišimo
prežvečeno debato:
09:11
state'sčlanice better, publicjavnost sector'ssektorja better,
222
539135
2125
javno je boljše, javni sektor je boljši,
09:13
privatezasebno sector'ssektorja better, socialsocialno sector'ssektorja better,
223
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3511
zasebni sektor je boljši,
socialni sektor je boljši,
09:16
for a lot of these programsprogramov.
224
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1668
za veliko takih programov.
09:18
ActuallyDejansko, for creatingustvarjanje socialsocialno changesprememba,
225
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1982
Pravzaprav za doseganje družbenih sprememb
09:20
we need to bringprinesi in the expertisestrokovno znanje
226
548421
1739
potrebujemo znanje
09:22
from all of those partiesstranke
227
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1696
vseh teh členov,
09:23
in orderred to make this work.
228
551856
1588
da bi stvar delovala.
09:25
And this createsustvarja a structurestrukturo
229
553444
2043
To ustvarja strukturo,
09:27
throughskozi whichki they can combinezdružiti.
230
555487
1975
v kateri se lahko povežejo.
09:29
So where does this leavedopust us?
231
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1932
In kaj nam to prinaša?
09:31
This leaveslisti us with a way
232
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1834
Prinaša nam način,
09:33
that people can investvlagati in socialsocialno changesprememba.
233
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2987
na katerega ljudje lahko vlagajo
v družbene spremembe.
09:36
We'veSmo metsrečal thousandstisoče, possiblymorda millionsmilijoni of people,
234
564215
2987
Spoznali smo na tisoče,
morda milijone ljudi,
ki iščejo priložnost za vlaganje
v družbene spremembe.
09:39
who want the opportunitypriložnost to investvlagati in socialsocialno changesprememba.
235
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2433
09:41
We'veSmo metsrečal championsprvaki all over the publicjavnost sectorsektorju
236
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3089
V celotnem javnem sektorju
smo srečali šampione,
09:44
keennavdušeni to make these kindsvrste of differencesrazlike.
237
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2415
ki si želijo doseči take spremembe.
09:47
With this kindvrste of modelmodel,
238
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1785
S tovrstnim modelom
09:48
we can help bringprinesi them togetherskupaj.
239
576924
1936
lahko pripeljemo te ljudi skupaj.
09:50
Thank you.
240
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1962
Hvala.
09:52
(ApplauseAplavz)
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(Aplavz)
Translated by Klavdija Cernilogar
Reviewed by Snežana Stone

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Toby Eccles - Social investment visionary
Toby Eccles has created a radical financial instrument that helps private investors contribute to solving thorny public problems.

Why you should listen

All too often, an ex-inmate walks out of prison with the exact same problems he or she walked in with: lack of skills, lack of support, no job. And they end up re-offending and back in jail. It's an expensive problem to fix, but it's a much more expensive one to ignore. A director at Social Finance in London, Toby Eccles explores the arbitrage between those two options.

In 2010, his pioneering Social Impact Bond allowed private investors to support a UK program targeting ex-prisoners who served short sentences (the limited government funding only goes to ex-inmates who served long terms). The £5m scheme, funded by 17 investors, supports training and support for 1,000 ex-inmates; if they re-offend less than a control group, the government will pay investors back, plus interest, through the savings accrued by achieving the program's targets.

More such bonds are now being tried across the world, including in New York City and Massachusetts (both addressing recidivism), and extended to new fields such as development. Eccles founded Social Finance in 2007, and he oversees all of the firm's social impact bond work, where, he says: "We are incentivised to work with the complicated and with those willing to change." "We are incentivised to work with the complicated and with those willing to change."

More profile about the speaker
Toby Eccles | Speaker | TED.com