TEDMED 2018
Rabiaa El Garani: Hope and justice for women who've survived ISIS
Rabija El Garani (Rabiaa El Garani): Nada i pravda za žene koje su preživele ISIS
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Zaštitnica ljudskih prava Rabija El Garani deli sa nama tešku i srceparajuću priču o seksualnom nasilju izvršenom nad Jezidi ženama i devojkama u Iraku od strane ISIS-a - i njen rad koji traži pravdu za preživele. „Ove žrtve prošle su kroz nezamisliv bol. Ali uz malo pomoći, one pokazuju koliko su otporne", kaže ona. „Čast je svedočiti; privilegija je tražiti pravdu."
(Ovaj govor sardži sadržaj za odrasle.)
Rabiaa El Garani - Human rights protector
As an experienced police investigator, Rabiaa El Garani has been deployed to many regions around the globe to investigate sexual and gender-based violence. Full bio
As an experienced police investigator, Rabiaa El Garani has been deployed to many regions around the globe to investigate sexual and gender-based violence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
[This talk contains mature content]
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[Ovaj govor sadrži sadržaj za odrasle]
00:16
When I was 14,
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Kad sam imala 14 godina
00:18
my parents intended to marry me off
to a man of their choosing.
to a man of their choosing.
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moji roditelji su nameravali da me venčaju
za čoveka po njihovom izboru.
za čoveka po njihovom izboru.
00:23
I refused.
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Odbila sam.
00:25
That choice to defy my family
shaped everything in my life
shaped everything in my life
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Taj izbor da prkosim porodici
je oblikovao sve u mom životu
je oblikovao sve u mom životu
00:29
and set me on the path
to become who I am today.
to become who I am today.
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i poslao me na put
da postanem to što sam danas.
da postanem to što sam danas.
00:32
But it was very painful at times
and continues to be so.
and continues to be so.
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Ali, bilo je veoma mučno na trenutke
a i sada je tako.
a i sada je tako.
00:36
My parents were raised in traditional,
uneducated Moroccan families
uneducated Moroccan families
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Moji roditelji su odgajani
u tradicionalnim,
u tradicionalnim,
neobrazovanim marokanskim porodicama
00:41
where a girl's main value
is measured by her virginity.
is measured by her virginity.
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gde se glavna vrednost devojaka
meri njihovom nevinošću.
meri njihovom nevinošću.
00:46
They emigrated to Belgium,
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Emigrirali su u Belgiju
00:47
and I was born, raised and educated there.
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gde sam rođena, odgajana i školovana.
00:51
I did not accept their view of the world.
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Nisam prihvatila njihov pogled na svet.
00:54
When I said no to them,
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Kada sam im rekla ne,
00:56
I paid for it dearly in terms of
physical and emotional abuse.
physical and emotional abuse.
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platila sam to skupo
u smislu fizičkog i emotivnog nasilja.
u smislu fizičkog i emotivnog nasilja.
01:00
But eventually, I escaped from their home
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Ali naposletku,
pobegla sam iz njihove kuće
pobegla sam iz njihove kuće
01:03
and became a federal police detective
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i postala federalni policijski detektiv,
01:05
who could help protect
the rights of others.
the rights of others.
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koji bi mogao da pomogne
da se zaštite prava drugih.
da se zaštite prava drugih.
01:08
My specialty was investigating
cases in counterterrorism,
cases in counterterrorism,
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Moja specijalnost je bila ispitivanje
slučajeva u borbi protiv terorizma,
slučajeva u borbi protiv terorizma,
01:12
child abduction and homicide.
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otmice dece i ubistava.
01:15
I loved that work,
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Volela sam taj posao
01:16
and it was extremely fulfilling.
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i bio je izuzetno ispunjujuć.
01:19
With my Muslim background,
Arabic language skills
Arabic language skills
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Zbog mog muslimanskog porekla,
veština arapskog jezika
veština arapskog jezika
01:22
and an interest
in working internationally,
in working internationally,
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i interesovanja da radim internacionalno,
01:25
I decided to seek new challenges.
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odlučila sam da potražim nove izazove.
01:28
After decades of being a police officer,
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Nakon što sam decenijama bila policajac,
01:30
I was recruited to become an investigator
of sexual and gender-based violence
of sexual and gender-based violence
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regrutovana sam da postanem istražitelj
seksualnog i rodno zasnovanog nasilja
seksualnog i rodno zasnovanog nasilja
01:35
as a member of the Justice Rapid Response
and UN Women roster.
and UN Women roster.
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kao član Pravde brzog regovanja i Žena UN.
01:40
Justice Rapid Response is an organization
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Pravda brzog reagovanja je organizacija
01:42
for criminal investigations
of mass atrocities.
of mass atrocities.
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koja se bavi krivičnim istragama
masovnih zverstava.
masovnih zverstava.
01:45
They run on both public
and private funding
and private funding
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Oni funkcionišu po principu
javnog i privatnog finansiranja
javnog i privatnog finansiranja
01:49
and provide evidence and reports
to more than 100 participating countries.
to more than 100 participating countries.
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i obezbeđuju dokaze i izveštaje
više od stotini država koje su uključene.
više od stotini država koje su uključene.
01:54
Many countries in conflict
are often unable to provide a just process
are often unable to provide a just process
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Mnoge zemlje koje su u konfliktu
su često u nemogućnosti da obezbede
su često u nemogućnosti da obezbede
01:58
to those who have been
victims of mass violence.
victims of mass violence.
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pravedan proces onima
koji su žrtve masovnog nasilja.
koji su žrtve masovnog nasilja.
02:01
To respond to that,
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Da se odgovori na to,
02:02
Justice Rapid Response was created
in partnership with UN Women.
in partnership with UN Women.
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Pravda brzog odgovora je osnovana
u partnerstvu sa Ženama UN.
u partnerstvu sa Ženama UN.
02:07
Together,
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Zajedno,
02:08
Justice Rapid Response and UN Women
recruited, trained and certified
recruited, trained and certified
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Pravda brzog odgovora i Žene UN
su regrutovali, obučili i sertifikovali
su regrutovali, obučili i sertifikovali
02:13
more than 250 professionals
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više od 250 profesionalaca
02:16
with a specific expertise
in sexual and gender-based violence,
in sexual and gender-based violence,
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sa posebnim znanjem o seksualnom
i rodno zasnovanom nasilju,
i rodno zasnovanom nasilju,
02:19
like me.
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kao što sam ja.
02:21
Our investigations are carried out
under international law,
under international law,
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Naše istrage su sprovedene
po međunarodnom pravu,
po međunarodnom pravu,
02:25
and our findings eventually become
evidence to prosecute war criminals.
evidence to prosecute war criminals.
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a naši zaključci su naposletku postali
dokazi za gonjenje ratnih zločinaca.
dokazi za gonjenje ratnih zločinaca.
02:30
This mechanism provides hope to victims
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Ovaj mehanizam obezbeđuje nadu žrtvama
02:33
that justice and accountability
may someday be found
may someday be found
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da se pravda i odgovornost
mogu jednog dana naći
mogu jednog dana naći
02:36
in the wake of war and conflict.
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usled rata i konflikta.
02:40
Let me tell you about the most
challenging work I have ever done.
challenging work I have ever done.
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Dozvolite da vam kažem o najizazovnijem
poslu koji sam ikada imala.
poslu koji sam ikada imala.
02:44
This was in Iraq.
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To je bilo u Iraku.
02:47
Since the rise of the Islamic State
of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS,
of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS,
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Od uspona Islamske države
u Iraku i Siriji, ili ISIS,
u Iraku i Siriji, ili ISIS,
02:52
this group has systematically
attacked and tortured
attacked and tortured
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ova grupa je sistematski napadala i mučila
02:55
many religious minorities and ethnicities,
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mnoge nacionalne i verske manjine,
02:58
such as the Christians,
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kao što su hrišćani,
03:00
the Shia Turkmen, Shia Muslims,
Shia Shabaks and the Yazidis.
Shia Shabaks and the Yazidis.
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irački turkmeni, šiiti,
šiiti šabaki i jezidi.
šiiti šabaki i jezidi.
03:05
The persecution of the Yazidis
has been especially horrific.
has been especially horrific.
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Gonjenje jezida je naročito užasavajuće.
03:10
On the 3rd and 15th of August 2014,
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Trećeg i 15. avgusta 2014. godine,
03:13
ISIS attacked approximately
20 villages and towns in Sinjar, Iraq.
20 villages and towns in Sinjar, Iraq.
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ISIS je napao približno
20 sela i gradova u Sinđaru, Irak.
20 sela i gradova u Sinđaru, Irak.
03:19
They executed all the males
over the age of 14,
over the age of 14,
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Pogubili su sve muškarce
koji su imali preko 14 godina,
koji su imali preko 14 godina,
03:23
including the elderly and disabled.
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uključujući starije i onesposobljene.
03:26
They divided up the women and girls,
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Razdvojili su žene i devojčice,
03:28
raped them
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silovali su ih
03:29
and sold them into sexual
and domestic slavery.
and domestic slavery.
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i prodali u seksualno i kućno ropstvo.
03:32
One month later,
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Mesec dana kasnije,
odluka Saveta UN
za ljudska prava dovela je
za ljudska prava dovela je
03:33
a UN Human Rights Council resolution
led to the fact-finding mission on Iraq
led to the fact-finding mission on Iraq
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do misije za utvrđivanje činjenica u Iraku
03:38
to investigate and document
alleged violations and abuses
alleged violations and abuses
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kako bi istražila i dokumentovala
navodne prestupe i zloupotrebe
navodne prestupe i zloupotrebe
03:42
committed by ISIS and associated groups.
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koje je počinio ISIS i pridružene grupe.
03:45
I was sent to investigate the atrocities
committed against the Yazidis,
committed against the Yazidis,
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Poslata sam da istražim grozote
koje su počinili nad jezidima,
koje su počinili nad jezidima,
03:49
with a focus on sexual
and gender-based crimes.
and gender-based crimes.
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sa fokusom na sekuslane
i rodno zasnovane zločine.
i rodno zasnovane zločine.
03:52
The Yazidis are a Kurdish-speaking
ethnoreligious community
ethnoreligious community
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Jezidi su kurdska etnoreligijska zajednica
03:56
based in Northern Iraq.
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bazirana u Severnom Iraku.
03:58
Their belief system incorporates
aspects of Judaism, Christianity,
aspects of Judaism, Christianity,
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Njihov sistem verovanja uključuje
aspekte judaizma, hrišćanstva,
aspekte judaizma, hrišćanstva,
04:03
Islam and Zoroastrianism.
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islama i zoroastrizma.
04:06
For hundreds of years,
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Stotinama godina,
04:07
Muslims and Christians
who do not understand their beliefs
who do not understand their beliefs
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muslimani i hrišćani
koji ne razumeju njihovu veru
koji ne razumeju njihovu veru
04:11
have condemned the Yazidis
as devil worshippers.
as devil worshippers.
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su osuđivali Jezide
da su obožavaoci Đavola.
da su obožavaoci Đavola.
04:15
ISIS thought of them in this way
and vowed to destroy them.
and vowed to destroy them.
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ISIS ih je posmatrao na ovaj način
i zakleo se da će ih uništiti.
i zakleo se da će ih uništiti.
04:20
OK, let's do an experimental thought here.
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Okej, hajde da uradimo
mali eksperiment ovde.
mali eksperiment ovde.
04:24
I want you to think about
your worst sexual experience
your worst sexual experience
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Želim da mislite o vašem
najgorem seksualnom iskustvu
najgorem seksualnom iskustvu
04:28
and recall it in detail.
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i da se prisetite svih detalja.
04:32
Now turn to the person to your right
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Sada se okrenite ka osobi koja sedi do vas
04:35
and describe that experience.
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i opišite to iskustvo.
04:37
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:41
I know it's difficult, eh?
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Pa da, teško je, zar ne?
04:43
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:45
But, of course, I don't
expect you to do that.
expect you to do that.
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Ali, naravno, ne očekujem
od vas da to uradite.
od vas da to uradite.
04:47
You would all be uncomfortable
and embarrassed.
and embarrassed.
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Svima bi vam bilo neprijatno
i bilo bi vas sramota.
i bilo bi vas sramota.
04:50
And so imagine an 11-year-old girl
in the Middle East
in the Middle East
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Onda zamislite devojčicu od 11 godina
na Srednjem istoku
na Srednjem istoku
04:54
who was not educated about sexuality,
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koja nije edukovana o seksualnosti,
04:57
who was taken from her comfort zone,
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koja je uzeta iz svoje zone komfora,
04:59
her family,
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svoje porodice,
05:00
who witnessed the execution
of her father and brothers,
of her father and brothers,
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koja je prisustvovala
pogubljenju svog oca i braće,
pogubljenju svog oca i braće,
05:04
having to describe in detail
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i koja mora da opiše u detalj
05:06
the rape that she faced in a culture
where talking about sexuality is taboo.
where talking about sexuality is taboo.
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silovanje koje je doživela u kulturi
u kojoj je pričanje o seksu tabu.
u kojoj je pričanje o seksu tabu.
05:12
Her only way of recovering her honor
is to hide the crime,
is to hide the crime,
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Jedini način koji je imala da povrati čast
je da skriva zločin,
je da skriva zločin,
05:17
believe she was married against her will,
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da veruje da je udata protiv svoje volje,
05:19
or deny the events out of shame
and fear of being rejected.
and fear of being rejected.
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ili da poriče događaje iz sramote
i straha od odbacivanja.
i straha od odbacivanja.
05:24
I interviewed a girl
who I will call "Ayda."
who I will call "Ayda."
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Intervjuisala sam devojčicu
koju ću zvati Ajda.
koju ću zvati Ajda.
05:26
She was purchased
by an ISIS leader, or emir,
by an ISIS leader, or emir,
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Kupio ju je vođa ISIS-a, ili emir,
05:29
together with 13 other girls
aged between 11 and 18 years old.
aged between 11 and 18 years old.
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zajedno sa ostalih 13 devojčica
koje su imale između 11 i 18 godina.
koje su imale između 11 i 18 godina.
05:34
Amongst the group were
her three nieces and two cousins.
her three nieces and two cousins.
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U toj grupi su bile
njene tri sestričine i dve rođake.
njene tri sestričine i dve rođake.
05:37
The 14 girls were taken
to a house full of ISIS fighters.
to a house full of ISIS fighters.
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Četrnaest devojčica je odvedeno
u kuću punu boraca ISIS-a.
u kuću punu boraca ISIS-a.
05:41
An imam was present who made it clear
that their religion was wrong,
that their religion was wrong,
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Imam je bio prisutan i rekao je jasno
da je njihova vera pogrešna,
da je njihova vera pogrešna,
05:45
and the only good path was to accept Islam
and marry a Muslim man.
and marry a Muslim man.
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i da je jedini ispravan put
prihvatanje islama i udaja za muslimana.
prihvatanje islama i udaja za muslimana.
05:51
The emir wrote the names of the girls
on 14 small pieces of paper.
on 14 small pieces of paper.
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Emir je napisao imena devojčica
na 14 malih papira.
na 14 malih papira.
05:56
Two ISIS fighters would pick
a piece of paper each.
a piece of paper each.
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Dva ISIS borca bi izvukla po papirić.
06:00
They would call out the name
written on the paper,
written on the paper,
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Pozvali bi ime napisano na papiriću,
06:03
and those girls were forcibly taken
into another room.
into another room.
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i te devojčice su silom
odvedene u drugu sobu.
odvedene u drugu sobu.
06:07
While the emir and the imam
heard the two girls screaming
heard the two girls screaming
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Dok su emir i imam slušali
kako dve devojčice vrište,
kako dve devojčice vrište,
06:10
as they were being raped,
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dok su bile silovane,
06:12
they began laughing.
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počeli su da se smeju.
Obojica su govorila ostalim devojčicama
06:15
Both were telling the other girls
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06:16
that the two girls should enjoy
the experience instead of screaming.
the experience instead of screaming.
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da te dve devojčice treba da uživaju
u tom iskustvu umesto da vrište.
u tom iskustvu umesto da vrište.
06:20
After a while, the girls
were brought back into the room.
were brought back into the room.
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Malo kasnije, devojke su dovedene
nazad u prostoriju.
nazad u prostoriju.
06:24
They were in shock and were bleeding.
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Bile su u šoku i krvarile su.
06:27
They confirmed that they had been married
and suffered a lot of pain.
and suffered a lot of pain.
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Potvrdile su da su se venčale
i da su pretrpele puno bola.
i da su pretrpele puno bola.
06:31
It is important to consider the fact
that they had been raised
that they had been raised
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Važno je uzeti u obzir činjenicu
da su one bile vaspitane
da su one bile vaspitane
06:35
to believe in sexual intercourse
with one man in their lifetime:
with one man in their lifetime:
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da veruju u seksualni snošaj
sa jednim čovekom u svom životu,
sa jednim čovekom u svom životu,
06:38
their husband.
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svojim mužem.
06:40
The only connection that they could make
in their shocked state
in their shocked state
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Jedinu vezu koju su mogle
da povežu u stanju šoka
da povežu u stanju šoka
06:44
is to define their rape as marriage.
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jeste da definišu
njihovo silovanje kao brak.
njihovo silovanje kao brak.
Pre nego što su druge dve devojčice
odvedene da budu silovane
odvedene da budu silovane
06:48
Before the next two girls
were taken to be raped,
were taken to be raped,
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06:51
Ayda made a terrifying decision.
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Ajda je donela zastrašujuću odluku.
06:54
As the oldest of the group,
she convinced the emir
she convinced the emir
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Kao najstarija u grupi ubedila je emira
06:56
to let them use the bathroom in order
to wash themselves before marriage.
to wash themselves before marriage.
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da im dozovli da koriste kupatilo
kako bi se oprale pre braka.
kako bi se oprale pre braka.
07:01
Ayda had been told by one of the girls
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Ajdi je jedna devojčica rekla
07:03
that she noticed rat poison
in the bathroom.
in the bathroom.
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da je primetila
otrov za pacove u kupatilu.
otrov za pacove u kupatilu.
07:06
The 14 girls decided
to end their suffering
to end their suffering
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Tih 14 devojčica je odlučilo
da prekine svoju patnju
da prekine svoju patnju
07:09
by drinking the poison.
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ispijajujući otrov.
07:12
Before the poison took full effect,
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Pre nego što je otrov krenuo da deluje,
07:14
they were discovered by ISIS
and taken to the hospital,
and taken to the hospital,
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ISIS ih je otkrio i odvedene su u bolnicu,
07:17
where they survived.
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gde su preživele.
07:19
ISIS decided to separate the girls
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ISIS je doneo odluku da razdvoji devojčice
07:21
and sell them individually.
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i da ih proda individualno.
07:24
Ayda was taken to another house
and brutally raped
and brutally raped
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Ajda je odvedena u drugu kuću
i brutalno je silovana
i brutalno je silovana
07:28
after she attempted again
to kill herself with her headscarf.
to kill herself with her headscarf.
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nakon što je ponovo pokušala
da se ubije svojom maramom.
da se ubije svojom maramom.
07:32
She was beaten and raped every two days.
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Tukli su je i silovali svaki drugi dan.
07:35
After four months in captivity,
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Nakon četiri meseca u zarobljeništvu
07:38
Ayda found the courage to escape.
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Ajda je skupila hrabrosti da pobegne.
07:41
She never saw the other 13 girls again.
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Nikada više nije videla
ostalih 13 devojaka.
ostalih 13 devojaka.
07:44
I interviewed Ayda multiple times.
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Intervjuisala sam Ajdu više puta.
07:47
She was willing to speak to me
because she had heard from other victims
because she had heard from other victims
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Bila je voljna da priča sa mnom
jer je čula od ostalih žrtava
jer je čula od ostalih žrtava
07:50
that there was a woman from the UN
who understood her complicated culture.
who understood her complicated culture.
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da postoji žena iz UN
koja razume njenu komplikovanu kulturu.
koja razume njenu komplikovanu kulturu.
07:55
I looked into her eyes
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Pogledala sam je u oči
07:56
and listened deeply to the stories
of her darkest hours.
of her darkest hours.
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i pomno slušala priče
njenih najgorih trenutaka.
njenih najgorih trenutaka.
08:00
We established a personal connection
that continues to this day.
that continues to this day.
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Ostvarile smo ličnu vezu
koja traje i danas.
koja traje i danas.
08:04
My upbringing made it easy for me
to understand her extreme sense of shame
to understand her extreme sense of shame
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Moje vaspitanje mi je pomoglo
da razumem njen izuzetan osećaj sramote
da razumem njen izuzetan osećaj sramote
08:09
and her fear of being rejected.
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i njen strah da bude odbačena.
08:12
These types of investigations are not only
about gathering information and evidence,
about gathering information and evidence,
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Ovi tipovi istraga nisu samo
za skupljanje informacija i dokaza,
za skupljanje informacija i dokaza,
08:16
but they're also about victim support.
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tu se radi i o podršci žrtvama.
08:19
The bonds I established with the victims
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Veze koje sam ostvarila sa žrtvama
08:21
strengthens their confidence
and willingness to seek justice.
and willingness to seek justice.
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ojačavaju njihovo pouzdanje
i volju da traže pravdu.
i volju da traže pravdu.
08:26
As she considered her escape,
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Kad je razmatrala o bekstvu,
08:27
Ayda, like all Yazidi survivors,
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Ajda, kao i svi jezidi koji su preživeli,
08:30
faced a dilemma:
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suočila se sa dilemom -
08:32
Should she continue to suffer
the abuse of her captors,
the abuse of her captors,
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treba li da nastavi
da trpi zlostavljanje,
da trpi zlostavljanje,
08:36
or would it be better to return home,
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ili bi bilo bolje da se vrati kući,
08:39
where she would face shame, rejection
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gde bi se suočila
sa sramotom, odbacivanjem
sa sramotom, odbacivanjem
08:42
and possibly honor killing?
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i možda ubistvom zbog časti?
Dobro poznajem bol kad ste odbačeni,
08:46
I know all too well the pain
of being rejected
of being rejected
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kao kad je mene odbacila
marokanska zajednica u Belgiji,
marokanska zajednica u Belgiji,
08:48
by my Moroccan community in Belgium,
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2016
08:50
and I did not want this to happen
to the Yazidi community.
to the Yazidi community.
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i nisam želela da se to desi
zajednici jezida.
zajednici jezida.
08:54
So a group of concerned entities,
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Tako da je grupa zabrinutih entiteta,
08:55
including the UN, NGOs, politicians
and members of the Yazidi community
and members of the Yazidi community
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uključujući UN, NVO, političare
i članove zajednice jezida
i članove zajednice jezida
09:01
approached a religious leader,
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prišla verskom vođi,
09:03
Baba Sheikh.
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Babi Šeiku.
09:04
After many meetings,
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Nakon mnogo sastanaka,
09:05
he realized that these girls
had not disrespected their religion
had not disrespected their religion
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shvatio je da ove devojčice
nisu ukaljale svoju religiju
nisu ukaljale svoju religiju
09:09
by being forcibly converted to Islam
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tako što su prisilom preobraćene u islam
09:11
and married to ISIS fighters.
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i udate za borce ISIS-a.
09:13
Instead, they have been abducted,
raped and sexually enslaved.
raped and sexually enslaved.
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Umesto toga, bile su otete,
silovane i sekusalno potčinjene.
silovane i sekusalno potčinjene.
09:19
I am happy to report
that, after our meetings,
that, after our meetings,
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Drago mi je da izjavim da,
nakon naših sastanaka,
nakon naših sastanaka,
09:21
Baba Sheikh announced publicly
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Baba Šeik je javno saoštio
09:23
that the survivors should be
treated as victims
treated as victims
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da preživeli treba
da budu tretirani kao žrtve
da budu tretirani kao žrtve
09:26
and embraced by the community.
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i prihvaćeni u društvu.
09:28
This message was heard
throughout the community
throughout the community
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Ova poruka se čula širom društva
09:31
and eventually reached the survivors
being held captive by ISIS.
being held captive by ISIS.
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i naposletku je došla i do preživelih
koje je ISIS držao u zatočeništvu.
koje je ISIS držao u zatočeništvu.
09:35
After his declaration of support,
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Nakon njegove izjave podrške,
09:37
the survivors were motivated
to escape from ISIS
to escape from ISIS
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preživeli su bili motivisani
da pobegnu od ISIS-a
da pobegnu od ISIS-a
09:40
as Ayda has done,
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kao što je Ajda uradila,
09:42
and many young Yazidi women
took the bold step
took the bold step
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3011
a mnogo jezidi žena
je učinilo hrabar korak
je učinilo hrabar korak
09:45
and returned home to their communities.
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i vratile su se kući svojim zajednicama.
09:47
Baba Sheikh's public pronouncement
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2245
Baba Šeikova javna izjava
09:50
saved the lives of many
young Yazidi women,
young Yazidi women,
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je spasila živote
mnogih mladih jezidi žena,
mnogih mladih jezidi žena,
09:52
both in captivity and after their escape.
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i onih u zatočeništvu
i onih nakon njihovog bekstva.
i onih nakon njihovog bekstva.
09:56
Sadly, not all religious leaders
agreed to talk with us.
agreed to talk with us.
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Nažalost, nisu se svi verski lideri
složili da pričaju sa nama.
složili da pričaju sa nama.
10:00
Some victims had far
worse outcomes than the Yazidis.
worse outcomes than the Yazidis.
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Neke žrtve su imale
mnogo gore posledice od jezida.
mnogo gore posledice od jezida.
10:04
For example, only 43
of the 500-600 victims
of the 500-600 victims
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Na primer, samo 43 od 500-600 žrtava
10:08
from the Shia Turkmen community
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2019
iz zajednice iračkih turkmena
10:10
were able to return home
after escaping ISIS.
after escaping ISIS.
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3600
su bile u mogućnosti
da se vrate kući nakon bekstva od ISIS-a.
da se vrate kući nakon bekstva od ISIS-a.
10:14
Some of them were advised by their family
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Neke su porodice savetovale
10:16
to stay with ISIS
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1627
da ostanu sa ISIS-om
10:18
or commit suicide in order
to save the honor of the family.
to save the honor of the family.
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4346
ili počine samoubistvo
kako bi sačuvale čast porodice.
kako bi sačuvale čast porodice.
10:22
Germany established a project
to support survivors of ISIS
to support survivors of ISIS
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Nemačka je zasnovala projekat
da podrži preživele
da podrži preživele
10:26
by providing psychosocial support
and housing for 1,100 women and children,
and housing for 1,100 women and children,
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tako što će obezbediti psihološku podršku
i krov nad glavom za 1.100 žena i dece,
i krov nad glavom za 1.100 žena i dece,
10:31
including Ayda.
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uključujući i Ajdi.
10:32
I visited Ayda several times
during my work.
during my work.
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2748
Posetila sam Ajdu nekoliko puta
tokom mog rada.
tokom mog rada.
10:35
I am so proud of her
and the other victims.
and the other victims.
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Toliko sam ponosna na nju i ostale žrtve.
10:38
The progress they have made is remarkable.
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2731
Napredak koji su ostvarile je izvanredan.
10:41
It is really moving to see
how many of them,
how many of them,
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2573
Zaista je dirljivo videti koliko njih,
10:44
despite their struggles,
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1516
uprkos svojim borbama,
10:45
have benefited from this program.
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2043
je imalo korist od ovog programa.
10:48
The program includes
individual and group counseling,
individual and group counseling,
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2921
Program uključuje
individualno i grupno savetovanje,
individualno i grupno savetovanje,
10:51
art therapy, music therapy,
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2339
art terapiju, muzičku terapiju,
10:53
sport activities,
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1277
sportske aktivnosti,
10:54
language courses,
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1221
kurseve jezika,
10:56
school and other integration efforts.
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2274
školu i ostale načine integracije.
10:58
What I observed was that
removing the victims
removing the victims
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2395
Ono što sam primetila je
da kada odstranite žrtve
da kada odstranite žrtve
11:01
from an area of conflict
to a country at peace
to a country at peace
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2891
iz zone konflikta i pošaljete ih
u državu koja je u miru
u državu koja je u miru
11:04
had a positive impact on all of them.
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2878
ima pozitivan uticaj na sve njih.
11:07
This project caught
the attention of other countries,
the attention of other countries,
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2691
Ovaj projekat su zapazile druge države,
11:10
and they were interested
to help more Yazidis.
to help more Yazidis.
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2557
i bile su zainteresovane
da pomognu mnogim jezidima.
da pomognu mnogim jezidima.
11:14
The Yazidi women and girls
still call and text me
still call and text me
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2800
Jezidi žene i devojke
me i dalje zovu i šalju poruke
me i dalje zovu i šalju poruke
11:17
to tell me about their grades at school,
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2205
da mi kažu o svojim ocenama u školi,
11:19
fun trips they've taken,
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1724
zabavnim putovanjima na koje su išle
11:20
or to inform me about their future dreams,
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2848
ili da me obaveste
o njihovim budućim snovima
o njihovim budućim snovima
11:23
like writing a book about
what they have faced with ISIS.
what they have faced with ISIS.
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3300
kao što je pisanje knjige
o tome sa čime su se suočile sa ISIS-om.
o tome sa čime su se suočile sa ISIS-om.
11:27
Sometimes they are sad
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1275
Ponekad su tužne
11:28
and feel the need to talk again
about the events.
about the events.
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2775
i imaju potrebu da pričaju
ponovo o tim događajima.
ponovo o tim događajima.
11:31
I'm not a psychologist,
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1409
Nisam psiholog,
11:33
and I have faced secondary PTSD
from their horrific stories.
from their horrific stories.
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3483
i dobila sam sekundarni PTSP
od njihovih užasnih priča.
od njihovih užasnih priča.
11:37
But I keep encouraging them to talk,
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2177
Ali i dalje ih ohrabrujem da pričaju
11:39
and I keep listening,
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1457
i stalno ih slušam,
11:40
because I do not want them
to feel alone in their suffering.
to feel alone in their suffering.
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3156
jer ne želim da se osećaju
usamljeno u svojoj patnji.
usamljeno u svojoj patnji.
11:44
Through these anecdotes,
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Kroz ove događaje,
11:45
I see a bigger picture emerging.
222
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2452
vidim stvaranje nečeg većeg.
11:48
These women and girls are healing.
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2323
Ove žene i devojke se oporavljaju.
11:50
They are no longer afraid to seek justice.
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2939
Nisu više u strahu da traže pravdu.
11:54
Without hope there can be no justice,
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3353
Bez nade ne može biti pravde,
11:57
and without justice there can be no hope.
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3093
a bez pravde ne može biti nade.
12:01
Every 3rd and 15th of August,
it's my remembrance day,
it's my remembrance day,
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2999
Svakog 3. i 15. avgusta
je moj dan sećanja,
je moj dan sećanja,
12:04
and I reach out to the Yazidis to let them
know that I'm thinking about them.
know that I'm thinking about them.
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4507
i stupam u kontakt sa Jezidima
da im stavim do znanja da mislim na njih.
da im stavim do znanja da mislim na njih.
12:09
They're always happy when I do that.
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1819
Uvek su srećni kad uradim to.
12:11
It's an emotional day for them.
230
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1754
To je emotivan dan za njih.
12:13
This past August, I spoke with Ayda.
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Ovog avgusta pričala sam sa Ajdom.
12:16
She was so happy to announce
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1926
Bila je presrećna da izjavi
12:18
that one of her nieces
who was abducted with her
who was abducted with her
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da je jedna od njenih sestričina,
koja je oteta zajedno sa njom,
koja je oteta zajedno sa njom,
12:21
was finally released
out of ISIS hands in Syria
out of ISIS hands in Syria
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3000
napokon puštena iz ruku ISIS-a u Siriji
12:24
and returned to Iraq.
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1684
i da se vratila u Irak.
12:26
Can you believe that?
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1413
Možete li da poverujete u to?
12:27
After four years?
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1564
Nakon četiri godine?
12:29
Today, her biggest wish
is for her whole family,
is for her whole family,
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3061
Danas njena najveća želja
jeste da se njena cela porodica,
jeste da se njena cela porodica,
12:32
now located across three continents,
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2154
koja se sada nalazi na tri kontinenta,
12:35
to be reunited.
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1473
opet sastavi.
12:36
And I hope they will.
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1316
A nadam se da hoće.
12:38
When I think about
the survivors I work with,
the survivors I work with,
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2458
Kada mislim o preživelima sa kojima radim,
12:41
I remember the words
of an Egyptian doctor, writer
of an Egyptian doctor, writer
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3460
prisećam se reči
egipatske doktorke, spisateljice
egipatske doktorke, spisateljice
12:44
and human rights activist,
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1686
i aktivistkinje za ljudska prava,
12:46
Nawal El Saadawi.
245
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1518
Navale El Sadavi.
12:48
In her book, "Woman at Point Zero,"
246
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2659
U njenoj knjizi „Žena u nultoj tački”,
12:51
she wrote, "Life is very hard,
247
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2914
napisala je: „Život je težak,
12:53
and the only people who really live
248
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2510
i jedini ljudi koji zaista žive
12:56
are those who are harder
than life itself."
than life itself."
249
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2605
su oni koji su čvršći od samog života".
12:59
These victims have been
through unimaginable pain.
through unimaginable pain.
250
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4070
Ove žrtve su prošle kroz nezamisliv bol.
13:04
But with a little help,
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1317
Ali uz malo pomoći,
13:05
they show how resilient they are.
252
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2106
one pokazuju koliko su otporne.
13:08
Each has their own perspective
on what kind of justice she seeks,
on what kind of justice she seeks,
253
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4092
Svaka ima svoju perspektivu
o tome kakvu pravdu traži,
o tome kakvu pravdu traži,
13:12
and I believe deeply
254
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1425
i duboko verujem
13:13
that a credible justice process is key
255
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2643
da je verodostojni proces pravde ključ
ka tome kako ona može da povrati
svoje dostojanstvo
svoje dostojanstvo
13:16
to how she reclaims her dignity
256
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1906
13:18
and finds closure with her trauma.
257
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2141
i nađe završetak svoje traume.
13:21
Justice is not only about
punishing the perpetrator.
punishing the perpetrator.
258
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3481
Kod pravde ne radi se samo
o kažnjavanju prestupnika.
o kažnjavanju prestupnika.
13:24
It's about victims feeling
that crimes committed against them
that crimes committed against them
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3491
Radi se i o tome da žrtve osete
da su zločini počinjeni nad njima
da su zločini počinjeni nad njima
13:28
have been recorded and recognized
by the rule of law.
by the rule of law.
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3256
zabeležni i prepoznati pod zakonom.
13:32
For me, it has been
the experience of a lifetime
the experience of a lifetime
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2937
Za mene, rad sa ovim preživelima
13:35
to work with these survivors.
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1742
je bio životno iskustvo.
13:37
Because I share their sorrow,
263
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2007
Zato što delim njihovu tugu,
13:39
their language and their culture,
264
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2445
njihov jezik i njihovu kulturu,
13:41
we connect on the deepest human level.
265
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2501
povezujemo se na najdubljem
ljudskom nivou.
ljudskom nivou.
13:44
This itself is an act of healing:
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3546
Ovo je samo po sebi oporavljanje,
13:48
to be heard, to be seen,
267
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2607
biti saslušan, biti viđen,
13:51
to be given compassion
instead of condemnation.
instead of condemnation.
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3066
dobiti saosećanje umesto osude.
13:54
When we get so close to people in pain,
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2910
Kad se približimo ljudima koji pate,
13:57
it creates pain
for the investigators, too.
for the investigators, too.
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2987
to takođe stvara bol i istražiteljima.
14:01
My work is challenging,
heartbreaking and trauma-inducing.
heartbreaking and trauma-inducing.
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4440
Moj posao je izazovan,
srceparajuć i izaziva traume.
srceparajuć i izaziva traume.
Ali dozvolite da vam kažem zašto ga radim.
14:06
But let me tell you why I do it.
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14:08
When I meet the survivors
of these mass atrocities,
of these mass atrocities,
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Kada upoznam preživele
ovih masovnih zverstava,
ovih masovnih zverstava,
14:12
when I hold their hands
and look in their eyes,
and look in their eyes,
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kada ih držim za ruke i gledam u oči,
14:16
it does not erase my own pain,
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ne briše moj bol,
14:19
but it does make it almost worthwhile.
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ali ga čini nekako vrednim.
14:22
And there's nothing
I would rather be doing.
I would rather be doing.
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I ne postoji ništa što bih radije radila.
14:25
When I see these brave survivors
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Kada vidim ove hrabre preživele,
14:27
struggling to connect again
to their own self-worth,
to their own self-worth,
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koji se bore da se opet povežu
sa svojim samopouzdanjem,
sa svojim samopouzdanjem,
14:31
to their families, to their place
in a society that values them,
in a society that values them,
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sa svojim porodicama,
sa svojim mestom u društvu koje ih ceni,
sa svojim mestom u društvu koje ih ceni,
14:36
it is an honor to bear witness;
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čast je svedočiti;
14:39
it is a privilege to seek justice.
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privilegija je tražiti pravdu.
14:42
And that is healing, too --
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A to je oporavljanje, takođe,
14:45
for all of us.
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za sve nas.
14:47
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
14:48
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rabiaa El Garani - Human rights protectorAs an experienced police investigator, Rabiaa El Garani has been deployed to many regions around the globe to investigate sexual and gender-based violence.
Why you should listen
Rabiaa El Garani is part of the Justice Rapid Response-UN Women Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) Justice Experts Roster, where she has been deployed as an investigator with the Commission of Inquiry on Central African Republic, the Commission of Inquiry on Syria, the Fact Finding Mission in Iraq, and to the office of the UN Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict. She has also provided training and guidance to Palestinian police forces through EU programs, and she has investigated the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Hariri with the UN.
El Garani's unique and caring interview techniques have yielded valuable information in order to ensure accountability and future prosecutions. Through several of these efforts, she was able to document distinct patterns carried out by ISIS and provided support to their victims. Among her accomplishments, she was featured in JRR-UN Women documentary film Evidence of Hope.
Rabiaa El Garani | Speaker | TED.com