ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Katie Hinde - Lactation researcher
Katie Hinde is studying breast milk’s status as the first superfood, providing babies with invaluable microbes custom-tailored to their individual needs, via an incredible and unlikely dialogue between the mother’s enzymes and the baby’s saliva.

Why you should listen

Did you know mother's milk is older than dinosaurs? Or that the "biological recipe" of milk differs for sons and daughters? Or that milk doesn't just build babies but fuels them too? Mother's milk is the food, medicine and message that organize a baby's brain, body and behavior. What we take for granted in the grocery store dairy aisle has been shaped by hundreds of millions of years of natural selection. As scientists decode the mysteries of milk, we gain essential new tools for human health and well-being.

Scientist, writer and advocate, Katie Hinde, PhD, explores the dynamic interactions between mothers, milk, and infants. Author of dozens of essays and academic articles, Hinde situates her work at the intersection of the life sciences and social sciences to inform parents, clinicians and policy-makers about institutional and inter-personal support of mothers and babies. Hinde co-authored the book Building Babies and founded the science outreach blog, "Mammals Suck…Milk!"

Hinde earned a PhD in Anthropology at UCLA, completed post-doctoral training in neuroscience at the California National Primate Research Center, and then launched her faculty career in the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University. Now an Associate Professor, Hinde is the Director of the Comparative Lactation Lab in the Center for Evolution and Medicine and the School of Human Evolution and Social Change at Arizona State University.

Described as "The Milk Maven" in the inaugural Grist 50 list of "innovators, organizers and visionaries who will lead us toward a more sustainable future," Hinde's work was highlighted for tackling social justice in health and research. From considering how milk feeds microbes to researching how milk shapes infant behavior , her research has been featured in the New York Times, National Geographic, La Presse, Wall Street Journal, Quartz and more. Hinde has been recognized with Early Career Awards from the International Society for Research in Human Milk and Lactation and the American Society of Primatologists for making outstanding, original contributions to these fields as a young investigator.

Importantly, Hinde is dedicated to science outreach and building enthusiasm for animals, ecology and behavior. In 2013, Hinde created the annual March Mammal Madness, a month-long science outreach extravaganza that is used in hundreds of classrooms described by Deadspin Deputy Editor Barry Petchesky as "the only bracket you need."

Understanding milk can directly translate to more personalized clinical recommendations and health optimization for mothers and their infants as well as substantiate the importance of infrastructure and institutional support for breastfeeding. Further, identifying the composition and function of milk informs the formulation of more representative artificial breast milk for those mothers facing obstacles or contraindications to breastfeeding. Lastly, decoding mother's milk will allow for enhanced precision medicine for the most fragile infants and children in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Such integrative approaches to mother's milk take discoveries at the bench to applications at the bedside.

More profile about the speaker
Katie Hinde | Speaker | TED.com
TEDWomen 2016

Katie Hinde: What we don't know about mother's milk

Katie Hinde: 关于母乳,我们所不知的

Filmed:
1,413,994 views

母乳帮助婴儿生长,促进神经元的发展,提供关键的免疫因子和保卫因子来对抗饥饿和疾病 - 然而,为什么科学家对番茄比对母乳的研究还要多?Katie Hinde分享了她对这个复杂的生命能源的见解,详细阐述了科学研究在这一方面的空白-填补这些空白才能使我们能够更好的了解母乳。
- Lactation researcher
Katie Hinde is studying breast milk’s status as the first superfood, providing babies with invaluable microbes custom-tailored to their individual needs, via an incredible and unlikely dialogue between the mother’s enzymes and the baby’s saliva. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
Have you ever heard听说 the one
about how breastfeeding哺乳 is free自由?
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你听说过“母乳是免费的”言论吗?
00:17
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
00:18
Yeah, it's pretty漂亮 funny滑稽,
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是的,有意思
00:20
because it's only free自由 if we don't value
women's女士的 time and energy能源.
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如果我们不算上母亲的时间和精力的话,你可以说母乳是免费的。
00:27
Any mother母亲 can tell you
how much time and energy能源 it takes
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任何一位母亲都可以告诉你,
她花了多少时间和精力来产奶,
00:31
to liquify液化 her body身体 --
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00:33
to literally按照字面 dissolve溶解 herself她自己 --
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好不夸张的说,就是溶解了自己,
00:36
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
00:37
as she feeds供稿 this precious珍贵
little cannibal食人族.
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当她喂养这个珍贵的小食人族的时候。
00:41
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
乳汁是哺乳动物会吮吸的原因。
00:43
Milk牛奶 is why mammals哺乳动物 suck吮吸.
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00:47
At Arizona亚利桑那 State University大学,
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在亚利桑那州立大学
00:49
in the Comparative比较 Lactation泌 乳 Lab实验室,
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在比较教育学实验室里,
00:51
I decode解码 mothers'母亲 milk牛奶 composition组成
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我解码了母乳的组成成分,
00:54
to understand理解 its complexity复杂
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来理解它的复杂性,
00:57
and how it influences影响 infant婴儿 development发展.
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和它怎样影响婴儿的成长。
01:00
The most important重要 thing that I've learned学到了
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我学到的最重要的东西,
01:03
is that we do not do enough足够
to support支持 mothers母亲 and babies婴儿.
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是我们在支持母亲和孩子方面做的还远远不够。
01:09
And when we fail失败 mothers母亲 and babies婴儿,
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当我们令母亲和孩子失望的时候,
01:11
we fail失败 everyone大家
who loves mothers母亲 and babies婴儿:
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我们会使任何爱着母亲和孩子的人失望:
01:16
the fathers父亲, the partners伙伴,
the grandparents祖父母, the aunties阿姨,
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父亲,伴侣,祖父母,姨妈,
朋友,亲戚,这些组成人类社交关系网里的人
01:19
the friends朋友 and kin亲属
that make our human人的 social社会 networks网络.
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01:24
It's time that we abandon放弃
simple简单 solutions解决方案 and simple简单 slogans口号,
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是时候让我们抛弃简单的方法和简单的口号,
来深入研究这细微的区别。
01:29
and grapple抓钩 with the nuance细微差别.
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01:32
I was very fortunate幸运
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我是很幸运的,
01:33
to run smack-dab嫌-DAB
into that nuance细微差别 very early,
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能很早就发现了那些细微区别,
是在我第一次的记者采访中。
01:37
during my first interview访问
with a journalist记者
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01:40
when she asked me,
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当她问我,
01:41
"How long should a mother母亲
breastfeed母乳喂养 her baby宝宝?"
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“一位母亲应该母乳喂养一个孩子多久?”
01:48
And it was that word "should"
that brought me up short,
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就是那个词“应该” 刺激到了我,
01:52
because I will never tell a woman女人
what she should do with her body身体.
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因为我从来不会告诉一位女性,她应该对她的身体做些什么。
01:58
Babies婴儿 survive生存 and thrive兴旺
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婴儿生存和生长,
是因为母乳是他们的食物,药物和信号。
02:00
because their mother's母亲 milk牛奶
is food餐饮, medicine医学 and signal信号.
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对于小婴儿而言,
02:05
For young年轻 infants婴儿,
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02:06
mother's母亲 milk牛奶 is a complete完成 diet饮食
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母乳是完全的健康食物,
02:08
that provides提供 all the building建造
blocks for their bodies身体,
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提供了所有身体需要的养分,
02:11
that shapes形状 their brain
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促进大脑发育成形,
提供他们活动的能量。
02:12
and fuels燃料 all of their activity活动.
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02:15
Mother's母亲 milk牛奶 also feeds供稿 the microbes微生物
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母乳同样提供一些微生物,
存储在婴儿的肠道里,
02:17
that are colonizing殖民
the infant's婴儿 intestinal tract管道.
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02:20
Mothers母亲 aren't just eating for two,
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母亲不只是为了两个人而吃,
02:22
they're eating for two to the trillions万亿.
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她们为了两个甚至万亿的“人”而吃。
02:26
Milk牛奶 provides提供 immunofactorsimmunofactors
that help fight斗争 pathogens病原体
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母乳提供了免疫因子来抵抗病菌,
02:31
and mother's母亲 milk牛奶 provides提供 hormones激素
that signal信号 to the infant's婴儿 body身体.
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母乳提供了荷尔蒙向婴儿的身体发出信号。
02:36
But in recent最近 decades几十年,
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但是最近这些年,
02:38
we have come to take milk牛奶 for granted理所当然.
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我们理所当然的开始使用牛奶。
02:40
We stopped停止 seeing眼看
something in plain sight视力.
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我们对显而易见的事情避而不见。
02:43
We began开始 to think of milk牛奶 as standardized标准化,
homogenized匀浆, pasteurized巴氏杀菌,
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我们开始把牛奶分类为标准的,均质的,巴氏消毒的,
包装的,奶粉状的,调味的或者配方的。
02:48
packaged包装, powdered粉状,
flavored有味 and formulated制定.
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02:52
We abandoned the milk牛奶 of human人的 kindness善良
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我们放弃了在牛奶中注入人类爱心,
而是将首要原则转移到了其他方面。
02:54
and turned转身 our priorities优先 elsewhere别处.
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02:58
At the National国民 Institutes研究院 of Health健康
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在华盛顿特区的
国立卫生研究院
03:00
in Washington华盛顿 DCDC
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是医学的国家图书馆。
03:01
is the National国民 Library图书馆 of Medicine医学,
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03:04
which哪一个 contains包含 25 million百万 articles用品 --
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这里收藏了2500万的文献:
03:07
the brain trust相信 of life science科学
and biomedical生物医药 research研究.
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生命科学和生物研究的智囊团。
03:12
We can use keywords关键字
to search搜索 that database数据库,
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我们可以用关键词来搜索数据,
当我们这么做的时候,
03:15
and when we do that,
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03:16
we discover发现 nearly几乎 a million百万
articles用品 about pregnancy怀孕,
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我们发现了将近一百万的文章是关于怀孕的,
03:20
but far fewer about
breast乳房 milk牛奶 and lactation哺乳期.
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但是关于母乳喂养和哺乳期的却非常少。
03:24
When we zoom放大 in on the number of articles用品
just investigating调查 breast乳房 milk牛奶,
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当我们放大这些文章的数量,只搜索母乳喂养时,
03:29
we see that we know much more
about coffee咖啡, wine红酒 and tomatoes番茄.
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我们发现更多是关于咖啡,酒和番茄的。
(笑声)
03:34
(Laughter笑声)
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03:36
We know over twice两次 as much
about erectile勃起 dysfunction功能障碍.
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我们知道的有关勃起障碍的都比这个两倍多。
03:40
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
03:44
I'm not saying we shouldn't不能
know about those things --
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我不是说我们不应该了解这些事情,
我是一名科学家,我觉得我们应该研究所有东西。
03:46
I'm a scientist科学家, I think
we should know about everything.
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03:49
But that we know so much less --
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但是我们所知甚少的是,
(笑声)
03:51
(Laughter笑声)
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有关母乳喂养方面,
03:53
about breast乳房 milk牛奶 --
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03:55
the first fluid流体 a young年轻 mammal哺乳动物
is adapted适应 to consume消耗 --
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年幼的哺乳动物可以摄入的第一种液体,
这应该让我们感到愤怒。
03:57
should make us angry愤怒.
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03:59
Globally在全球范围内, nine out of 10 women妇女 will
have at least最小 one child儿童 in her lifetime一生.
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全球来说,九成的女性会在生命中至少有一名孩子。
也就意味着每年将近有1.3亿的婴儿出生。
04:04
That means手段 that nearly几乎 130 million百万
babies婴儿 are born天生 each year.
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这些母亲和孩子值得我们为他们做最好的科学研究。
04:08
These mothers母亲 and babies婴儿
deserve值得 our best最好 science科学.
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04:13
Recent最近 research研究 has shown显示
that milk牛奶 doesn't just grow增长 the body身体,
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近期的研究表明,母乳不仅仅是支持身体生长,
也影响行为和大脑生长。
04:16
it fuels燃料 behavior行为
and shapes形状 neurodevelopment神经发育.
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04:20
In 2015, researchers研究人员 discovered发现
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2015年,研究人员发现
母乳和婴儿口水的混合物,
04:23
that the mixture混合物 of breast乳房 milk牛奶
and baby宝宝 saliva唾液 --
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尤其是婴儿的口水,
04:26
specifically特别, baby宝宝 saliva唾液 --
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04:28
causes原因 a chemical化学 reaction反应
that produces产生 hydrogen peroxide过氧化物
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能够发生化学反应,来产生过氧化氢,
(过氧化氢)可以杀死葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌。
04:32
that can kill staph金黄色葡萄球菌 and salmonella沙门氏菌.
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04:35
And from humans人类 and other mammal哺乳动物 species种类,
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在研究人类和其他哺乳动物时,
04:38
we're starting开始 to understand理解
that the biological生物 recipe食谱 of milk牛奶
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我们发现人类自然分泌的母乳,
04:41
can be different不同 when produced生成
for sons儿子 or daughters女儿.
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也可能因为(喂养)男孩和女孩而不同。
04:45
When we reach达到 for donor捐赠者 milk牛奶
in the neonatal新生儿 intensive集约 care关心 unit单元,
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新生儿重症监护室里的捐赠牛奶,
和商店货架上的配方奶,
04:49
or formula on the store商店 shelf,
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04:51
it's nearly几乎 one-size-fits-all一个尺寸适合所有人.
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那基本上是一个配方供给所有婴儿。
04:53
We aren't thinking思维 about how sons儿子
and daughters女儿 may可能 grow增长 at different不同 rates利率,
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我们没有考虑到男孩和女孩成长的不同节奏,
或是不同方式,
04:58
or different不同 ways方法,
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04:59
and that milk牛奶 may可能 be a part部分 of that.
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(不同的)母乳可能是其中之一的原因。
05:02
Mothers母亲 have gotten得到 the message信息
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母亲能收到信号,
05:04
and the vast广大 majority多数 of mothers母亲
intend打算 to breastfeed母乳喂养,
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绝大部分的母亲打算母乳喂养,
05:07
but many许多 do not reach达到
their breastfeeding哺乳 goals目标.
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但是很多人达不到她们母乳喂养的目标。
05:11
That is not their failure失败;
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这不是她们的失职。
是我们的。
05:13
it's ours我们的.
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05:15
Increasingly日益 common共同 medical conditions条件
like obesity肥胖, endocrine内分泌 disorders障碍,
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持续增长的常见身体状况,例如肥胖,内分泌失调
剖腹产和早产,
05:20
C-section剖腹产 and preterm早产 births出生
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05:22
all can disrupt破坏 the underlying底层
biology生物学 of lactation哺乳期.
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都可能会干扰到深层生理上的哺乳行为。
05:25
And many许多 women妇女 do not have
knowledgeable懂行 clinical临床 support支持.
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很多女性没有得到专业性强的临床医务人员的支持。
05:29
Twenty-five二十五 years年份 ago,
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二十五年前,
世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会设立了一系列
05:30
the World世界 Health健康 Organization组织
and UNICEF联合国儿童基金会 established既定 criteria标准
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爱婴医院的标准,
05:34
for hospitals医院 to be
considered考虑 baby宝宝 friendly友善 --
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(爱婴医院)要最大化的帮助支持
05:37
that provide提供 the optimal最佳 level水平
of support支持 for mother-infant母婴 bonding结合
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建立母婴关系和婴儿喂养。
05:41
and infant婴儿 feeding馈送.
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05:43
Today今天, only one in five babies婴儿
in the United联合的 States状态
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现在,在美国只有五分之一的婴儿
是出生在这种爱婴医院里的。
05:46
is born天生 in a baby-friendly爱婴医院 hospital醫院.
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05:51
This is a problem问题,
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这是个问题,
05:52
because mothers母亲 can grapple抓钩
with many许多 problems问题
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因为母亲在哺乳时,可能在分分钟之内,几小时里,
05:55
in the minutes分钟, hours小时, days
and weeks of lactation哺乳期.
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几天内,几周里遇到很多问题。
她们可能会在如何控制乳汁,
05:59
They can have struggles斗争
with establishing建立 latch,
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疼痛,
06:01
with pain疼痛,
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乳汁分泌,
06:03
with milk牛奶 letdown失望
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或者是对母乳供应的看法这些方面遇到问题。
06:04
and perceptions看法 of milk牛奶 supply供应.
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06:07
These mothers母亲 deserve值得
knowledgeable懂行 clinical临床 staff员工
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这些母亲需要熟悉这些过程的
专业性强的临床医务人员。
06:11
that understand理解 these processes流程.
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06:14
Mothers母亲 will call me as they're
grappling擒拿 with these struggles斗争,
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母亲们在遇到这些问题的时候,
会我打电话,用带着哭腔的声音说:
06:18
crying哭了 with wobbly摇摆不定 voices声音.
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06:23
"It's not working加工.
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“我做不到,
06:25
This is what I'm supposed应该
to naturally自然 be able能够 to do.
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这是应该是我天生就能做到的,
为什么现在做不到?”
06:27
Why is it not working加工?"
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06:30
And just because something
is evolutionarily进化 ancient
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仅仅因为有些事情在进化中是相当古老的,
06:33
doesn't mean that it's easy简单
or that we're instantly即刻 good at it.
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并不意味着这是简单的,或者说我们立刻就能驾驭的。
06:37
You know what else其他
is evolutionarily进化 ancient?
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你知道还有什么是在进化中是相当古老的吗?
06:40
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
06:44
Sex性别.
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性。
06:45
And nobody没有人 expects预计 us
to start开始 out being存在 good at it.
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没有人期待我们生来就擅长这个。
06:48
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
06:51
Clinicians临床 医师 best最好 deliver交付
quality质量 equitable公平 care关心
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临床医生能够为产妇提供最好的护理,
在他们持续接受
06:56
when they have continuing继续 education教育
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一些关于如何最佳支持母乳和母乳喂养方面教育的时候
06:58
about how to best最好 support支持
lactation哺乳期 and breastfeeding哺乳.
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07:01
And in order订购 to have
that continuing继续 education教育,
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为了能使这种教育继续,
我们需要继续最先进的研究,
07:04
we need to anchor it
to cutting-edge前沿 research研究
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在生命科学和社会科学方面。
07:06
in both the life sciences科学
and the social社会 sciences科学,
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因为我们需要认识到,
07:09
because we need to recognize认识
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07:11
that too often经常
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很常见的情况,
07:13
historical历史的 traumas创伤 and implicit含蓄 biases偏见
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历史创伤和潜在偏见,
存在于一个新手妈妈和她的医务护理中。
07:17
sit in the space空间 between之间
a new mother母亲 and her clinician临床医生.
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07:21
The body身体 is political政治.
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身体是敏感的。
07:24
If our breastfeeding哺乳 support支持
is not intersectional交叉,
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如果我们对母乳喂养的支持不是相互交叉的,
那就做的不够好。
07:28
it's not good enough足够.
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07:31
And for moms妈妈 who have to return返回 for work,
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还有那些需要回到工作中去的母亲们,
07:34
because countries国家 like the United联合的 States状态
do not provide提供 paid支付 parental父母 leave离开,
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因为像美国这样的国家,不提供带薪产假,
公司可以让你生产完之后几天之内,就尽快回到岗位。
07:39
they can have to go back in as short
as just a few少数 days after giving birth分娩.
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07:44
How do we optimize优化
mother母亲 and infant婴儿 health健康
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我们如何使母亲和婴儿健康最大化,
07:47
just by messaging消息
about breast乳房 milk牛奶 to moms妈妈
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仅仅通过向母亲传达关于母乳喂养的信号,
而没有提供制度支持
07:51
without providing提供
the institutional制度 support支持
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来促进母亲和婴儿之间的关系
07:53
that facilitates功能有助于
that mother-infant母婴 bonding结合
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来支持母乳喂养呢?
07:56
to support支持 breastfeeding哺乳?
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07:58
The answer回答 is: we can't.
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答案是:我们做不到。
08:03
I'm talking to you, legislators立法者,
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我在对你们说,立法人,
还有那些为他们投票的人。
08:05
and the voters选民 who elect them.
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1936
08:07
I'm talking to you, job工作 creators创作者
and collective集体 bargaining议价 units单位,
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4696
我在对你们说,提供岗位的老板,和有独立交涉权的工会单位,
工人和股票持有人。
08:12
and workers工人, and shareholders股东.
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2160
08:15
We all have a stake赌注
in the public上市 health健康 of our community社区,
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公共健康跟我们每个人的利益相关,
我们都在达成目标中担任一份角色,
08:19
and we all have a role角色
to play in achieving实现 it.
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08:23
Breast乳房 milk牛奶 is a part部分
of improving提高 human人的 health健康.
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母乳喂养是改善人类健康的一部分。
08:27
In the NICUNICU, when infants婴儿 are born天生
early or sick生病 or injured受伤,
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在新生儿监护病房,当婴儿早产或者生病或者受伤时,
08:31
milk牛奶 or bioactive生物活性 constituents成分 in milk牛奶
can be critically危重 important重要.
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母乳或者母乳里的微生物成分可能是非常重要的。
08:35
Environments环境 or ecologies生态,
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环境,生态
社区,那些疾病易感染区,
08:36
or communities社区 where there's
high risk风险 of infectious传染病 disease疾病,
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08:40
breast乳房 milk牛奶 can be incredibly令人难以置信 protective保护的.
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母乳是非常起保护作用的。
08:42
Where there are emergencies紧急情况
like storms风暴 and earthquakes地震,
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当有紧急情况发生时,比如说风暴来临或者发生地震,
当断电的时候,
08:46
when the electricity电力 goes out,
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08:47
when safe安全 water is not available可得到,
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当缺少安全饮用水的时候,
08:49
breast乳房 milk牛奶 can keep babies婴儿
fed美联储 and hydrated水合.
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母乳可以使婴儿有饭吃,不脱水,
08:54
And in the context上下文 of humanitarian人道主义 crises危机,
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在人道主义危机的情况下,
08:57
like Syrian叙利亚的 mothers母亲 fleeing逃离 war战争 zones,
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像叙利亚的母亲们逃出战争区,
09:00
the smallest最少 drops滴剂 can buffer缓冲 babies婴儿
from the biggest最大 global全球 challenges挑战.
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一小滴的母乳可以帮助婴儿面对最大的全球挑战。
09:07
But understanding理解 breast乳房 milk牛奶
is not just about messaging消息 to mothers母亲
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但是对母乳的了解不仅仅是传达信息
给母亲们和政策制定人,
09:12
and policy政策 makers制造商.
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09:14
It's also about understanding理解
what is important重要 in breast乳房 milk牛奶
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同样也要认识到母乳中什么最重要,
09:17
so that we can deliver交付 better formulas公式
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因此我们可以来研究更好的配方,
09:20
to moms妈妈 who cannot不能 or do not
breastfeed母乳喂养 for whatever随你 reason原因.
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提供给那些因为某种原因不能够或者没法母乳喂养的母亲们。
09:24
We can all do a better job工作
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我们可以都做的更好一些
09:26
of supporting支持 the diversity多样
of moms妈妈 raising提高 their babies婴儿
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来支持不同的母亲用不同的方式
来养育她们的孩子。
09:29
in a diversity多样 of ways方法.
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09:32
As women妇女 around the world世界 struggle斗争
177
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当世界上的女性争取
09:34
to achieve实现 political政治,
social社会 and economic经济 equality平等,
178
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政治、社会、经济平等时,
我们必须重新考虑母亲的角色
09:38
we must必须 reimagine重新构想 motherhood母亲
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2536
09:40
as not the central中央,
core核心 aspect方面 of womanhood女大十八变,
180
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5216
不只关注中心,女性所有角色的最中心方面,
而是关注能凸显女性光辉的很多潜质中的这一点。
09:46
but one of the many许多 potential潜在 facets
of what makes品牌 women妇女 awesome真棒.
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09:51
It's time.
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是时候了。
09:53
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Ling Chen
Reviewed by Jiawei Ni

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Katie Hinde - Lactation researcher
Katie Hinde is studying breast milk’s status as the first superfood, providing babies with invaluable microbes custom-tailored to their individual needs, via an incredible and unlikely dialogue between the mother’s enzymes and the baby’s saliva.

Why you should listen

Did you know mother's milk is older than dinosaurs? Or that the "biological recipe" of milk differs for sons and daughters? Or that milk doesn't just build babies but fuels them too? Mother's milk is the food, medicine and message that organize a baby's brain, body and behavior. What we take for granted in the grocery store dairy aisle has been shaped by hundreds of millions of years of natural selection. As scientists decode the mysteries of milk, we gain essential new tools for human health and well-being.

Scientist, writer and advocate, Katie Hinde, PhD, explores the dynamic interactions between mothers, milk, and infants. Author of dozens of essays and academic articles, Hinde situates her work at the intersection of the life sciences and social sciences to inform parents, clinicians and policy-makers about institutional and inter-personal support of mothers and babies. Hinde co-authored the book Building Babies and founded the science outreach blog, "Mammals Suck…Milk!"

Hinde earned a PhD in Anthropology at UCLA, completed post-doctoral training in neuroscience at the California National Primate Research Center, and then launched her faculty career in the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University. Now an Associate Professor, Hinde is the Director of the Comparative Lactation Lab in the Center for Evolution and Medicine and the School of Human Evolution and Social Change at Arizona State University.

Described as "The Milk Maven" in the inaugural Grist 50 list of "innovators, organizers and visionaries who will lead us toward a more sustainable future," Hinde's work was highlighted for tackling social justice in health and research. From considering how milk feeds microbes to researching how milk shapes infant behavior , her research has been featured in the New York Times, National Geographic, La Presse, Wall Street Journal, Quartz and more. Hinde has been recognized with Early Career Awards from the International Society for Research in Human Milk and Lactation and the American Society of Primatologists for making outstanding, original contributions to these fields as a young investigator.

Importantly, Hinde is dedicated to science outreach and building enthusiasm for animals, ecology and behavior. In 2013, Hinde created the annual March Mammal Madness, a month-long science outreach extravaganza that is used in hundreds of classrooms described by Deadspin Deputy Editor Barry Petchesky as "the only bracket you need."

Understanding milk can directly translate to more personalized clinical recommendations and health optimization for mothers and their infants as well as substantiate the importance of infrastructure and institutional support for breastfeeding. Further, identifying the composition and function of milk informs the formulation of more representative artificial breast milk for those mothers facing obstacles or contraindications to breastfeeding. Lastly, decoding mother's milk will allow for enhanced precision medicine for the most fragile infants and children in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Such integrative approaches to mother's milk take discoveries at the bench to applications at the bedside.

More profile about the speaker
Katie Hinde | Speaker | TED.com