TEDWomen 2018
Cecile Richards: The political progress women have made -- and what's next
塞西尔·理查兹: 女性在政治上取得的进步——以及接下来会发生什么
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在过去的一个世纪里，女性取得了巨大的进步——挑战现状，打破旧的禁忌，从内而外改变商业。但是，活动家理查兹说，在政治代表方面，还有很长的路要走。在这篇富有远见的演讲中，理查兹呼吁为妇女平等发起一场全球政治革命，并就我们如何开展这场革命提出了她的观点。
Cecile Richards - Activist
Cecile Richards is a national leader for women's rights and social and economic justice, and the author of the bestselling book "Make Trouble." Full bio
Cecile Richards is a national leader for women's rights and social and economic justice, and the author of the bestselling book "Make Trouble." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Nearly 100 years ago,
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从将近100年前，
差不多到现在，
00:15
almost today,
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大部分美国女性终于赢得投票的权利。
00:16
most women in the United States
finally won the right to vote.
finally won the right to vote.
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00:20
Now, it would take decades more
for women of color to earn that right,
for women of color to earn that right,
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如今，恐怕依然需要数十年，
才能让有色人种女性拥有同样的权力，
才能让有色人种女性拥有同样的权力，
虽然我们已经取得了长足的进步，
00:26
and we've come a long way since,
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但我要说，这还远远不够。
00:28
but I would argue not nearly far enough.
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00:32
I think what women want today,
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我认为今天的女性想要的，
不仅是在美国，
而是全球范围的，
而是全球范围的，
00:33
not just only in the United States
but around the globe,
but around the globe,
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是不再后知后觉。
00:36
is to no longer be an afterthought.
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00:40
We don't want to continue to try to,
like, look at the next 100 years
like, look at the next 100 years
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我们不想再继续期待，
比如，未来100年，
比如，未来100年，
勉强得到一点合法权利和容许。
00:43
and be granted, grudgingly,
small legal rights and accommodations.
small legal rights and accommodations.
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00:48
We simply want true and full equality.
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我只想要真正和全面的平等。
00:52
I think that women are tired
of retrofitting ourselves
of retrofitting ourselves
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我认为女性已经厌倦了改造自己，
00:55
into institutions and governments
that were built by men, for men,
that were built by men, for men,
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以适应由男性和为男性
打造的机构和政府，
打造的机构和政府，
我们宁愿按照自己的方式
来重塑我们的未来。
来重塑我们的未来。
00:59
and we'd rather reshape the future
on our own terms.
on our own terms.
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01:05
I believe --
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我相信——
（鼓掌）
01:06
(Applause)
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我认为我们需要的是一场
争取完全平等的妇女政治革命，
争取完全平等的妇女政治革命，
01:09
I believe what we need is a women's
political revolution for full equality
political revolution for full equality
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跨越种族、阶级、性别认同、
01:14
across race, across class,
across gender identity,
across gender identity,
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性取向，
01:18
across sexual orientation,
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当然，还有政治标签，
01:20
and yes, across political labels,
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因为我相信把我们这些女性
凝聚在一起的力量
凝聚在一起的力量
01:22
because I believe what binds us
together as women
together as women
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要比把我们分开的力量更深远。
01:25
is so much more profound
than what keeps up apart.
than what keeps up apart.
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01:29
And so I've given some thought
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所以我想过如何
建立这场妇女政治革命，
01:31
about how to build
this women's political revolution
this women's political revolution
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这也是今天我想跟你们分享的内容。
01:33
and that's what I want
to talk to you about today.
to talk to you about today.
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（欢呼）
01:36
(Cheers)
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（鼓掌）
01:38
(Applause)
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一个好消息是，
在过去一个世纪没改变的是
在过去一个世纪没改变的是
01:40
The good news is that one thing
that hasn't changed in the last century
that hasn't changed in the last century
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女性的韧性，
01:44
is women's resilience
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以及我们投身于创造更好的生活，
不仅为我们自己，
不仅为我们自己，
01:46
and our commitment to build
a better life not only for ourselves,
a better life not only for ourselves,
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更为了后代。
01:49
but for generations to come,
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因为我无法想象有哪个女性
01:51
because I can't think of a single woman
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会想让她的女儿
01:53
who wants her daughter
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拥有比她更少的权利和机遇。
01:55
to have fewer rights
or opportunities than she's had.
or opportunities than she's had.
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01:59
So we know we all stand on the shoulders
of the women who came before us,
of the women who came before us,
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我们知道，我们都站在前人的肩膀上，
02:04
and as for myself,
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正如我自己，
我家里的女性世世代代都很坚强。
02:05
I come from a long line
of tough Texas women.
of tough Texas women.
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02:08
(Cheers)
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（欢呼）
02:10
My grandparents
lived outside of Waco, Texas,
lived outside of Waco, Texas,
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我祖父母住在德克萨斯州韦科市
以外的乡下。
02:13
in the country.
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当我祖母怀孕时，
02:15
And when my grandmother got pregnant,
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02:17
of course she was not going
to go to the hospital to deliver,
to go to the hospital to deliver,
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当然她不会去医院分娩，
她会在家中生小孩。
02:20
she was going to have that baby at home.
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但当她临盆的时候，
02:22
But when she went into labor,
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她叫女邻居过来为我祖父做饭，
02:24
she called the neighbor woman over
to cook dinner for my grandfather,
to cook dinner for my grandfather,
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因为…
02:27
because ...
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我是说，根本无法想象
他会给自己做饭。
他会给自己做饭。
02:29
I mean, it was unthinkable that he
was going to make supper for himself.
was going to make supper for himself.
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（笑声）
02:32
(Laughter)
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你们懂的。
02:34
Been there.
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02:37
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
邻居没有杀鸡的经验，
02:40
The neighbor had no experience
with killing a chicken,
with killing a chicken,
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那本来是计划用来做当天晚餐的。
02:42
and that was what was planned
for dinner that night.
for dinner that night.
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结果就是，
02:45
And so as the story goes,
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我祖母，在产床上，分娩中，
02:48
my grandmother,
in the birthing bed, in labor,
in the birthing bed, in labor,
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她用一只胳膊肘把自己托起来，
绞着那只鸡的脖子。
绞着那只鸡的脖子。
02:51
hoists herself up on one elbow
and wrings that chicken's neck, right?
and wrings that chicken's neck, right?
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我母亲就是这样来到这个世界的。
02:55
And that is how my mother
came into this world.
came into this world.
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（笑声）
02:58
(Laughter)
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（鼓掌）
02:59
(Applause)
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03:03
But the amazing thing is,
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但神奇的事情是，
即便我母亲的祖母不能在
德克萨斯州投票，
德克萨斯州投票，
03:05
even though my mother's own grandmother
could not vote in Texas,
could not vote in Texas,
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03:08
because under Texas law,
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因为根据德州法律，
“白痴，蠢人，疯子和女人”
03:10
"idiots, imbeciles, the insane and women"
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不能参与投票——
03:15
were prevented the franchise --
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就在两代人后，
03:17
just two generations later,
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我的母亲安·理查兹
凭一己之力当选为德州的
凭一己之力当选为德州的
03:19
my mother, Ann Richards, was elected
the first woman governor in her own right
the first woman governor in her own right
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第一位女州长。
03:24
in the state of Texas.
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（鼓掌和欢呼）
03:25
(Applause and cheers)
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但当我母亲在德州任职时，
03:32
But you see, when Mom
was coming up in Texas,
was coming up in Texas,
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并无太多的机会留给女性，
03:35
there weren't a lot
of opportunities for women,
of opportunities for women,
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03:38
and frankly, she spent her entire life
trying to change that.
trying to change that.
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实话说，她毕生都致力于改变现状。
03:42
She used to like to say,
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她过去常说，
"作为女性，只要你给我们
一个机会，我们就能做到。
一个机会，我们就能做到。
03:43
"As women, if you just give
us a chance, we can perform.
us a chance, we can perform.
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毕竟，金吉尔·罗杰斯做到了
弗雷德·阿斯泰尔做的一切事情，
弗雷德·阿斯泰尔做的一切事情，
03:47
After all, Ginger Rogers
did everything Fred Astaire did,
did everything Fred Astaire did,
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但她是穿着高跟鞋按倒序做的。”
03:51
but she did it backwards
and in high heels."
and in high heels."
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没错吧？
03:53
Right?
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并且老实说，这就是上世纪的
女性一直在做的事情：
女性一直在做的事情：
03:55
And honestly, that's kind of what women
have been doing for this last century:
have been doing for this last century:
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即便只有极少，极少的政治权力，
03:59
despite having very, very little
political power,
political power,
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我们仍取得了巨大的进展。
04:02
we have made enormous progress.
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所以今天在美国，
04:04
So today in the United States,
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在获得投票权的100年后，
04:06
100 years after getting the right to vote,
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劳动力中女性的比例占到了一半。
04:08
women are almost half the workforce.
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04:10
And in 40 percent
of families with children,
of families with children,
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在40%拥有儿童的家庭中，
女性是主要的经济支柱。
04:13
women are the major breadwinners.
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04:16
Economists even estimate
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经济学家甚至估计，
假如每个有收入的工作女性休假一天，
04:17
that if every single paid working woman
took just one day off of work,
took just one day off of work,
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04:22
it would cost the United States
21 billion dollars
21 billion dollars
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会导致美国GDP
04:25
in gross domestic product.
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损失210亿美元。
04:28
Now, largely because of Title IX,
which required educational equity,
which required educational equity,
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《教育修正法案》第九条要求教育公平，
所以女性目前占美国大学生的一半。
04:32
women are actually now half
the college students in the United States.
the college students in the United States.
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我们占医学院的一半，法学院的一半。
04:36
We're half the medical students,
we're half the law students --
we're half the law students --
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就是这样。
04:39
Exactly.
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（鼓掌）
04:40
(Applause)
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我最爱的一个事实是：
04:41
And a fact I absolutely love:
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最近毕业的一批NASA宇航员……
04:43
One of the most recent classes of
graduating NASA astronauts was ...
graduating NASA astronauts was ...
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猜猜怎么样？
04:48
What?
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首次，女性占比50%。
04:49
For the first time, 50 percent women.
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（鼓掌和欢呼）
04:51
(Applause and cheers)
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要点在于女性正在改变各行各业，
04:54
The point is that women
are really changing industries,
are really changing industries,
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她们在由里而外地改变商业。
04:57
they're changing business
from the inside out.
from the inside out.
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05:01
But when it comes to government,
it's another story,
it's another story,
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但涉及到政府时，却是另一番景象，
我认为一张照片胜过千言万语。
05:04
and I actually think a picture
is worth 1000 words.
is worth 1000 words.
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05:07
This is a photograph from 2017
at the White House
at the White House
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这是2017年白宫拍摄的一张照片，
拍摄于国会领导人被召集起来，
05:11
when congressional leaders
were called over to put the final details
were called over to put the final details
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将医疗改革法案的
最终细节提交给国会时。
最终细节提交给国会时。
05:15
into the health-care reform bill
that was to go to Congress.
that was to go to Congress.
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这个会议的一个结果是，
05:18
Now, one of the results of this meeting
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05:20
was that they got rid
of maternity benefits,
of maternity benefits,
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他们取消了生育补贴，
听起来好像挺合理的，
05:23
which may not be that surprising,
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因为那张桌子上没人需要生育补贴。
05:25
since no one at that table
actually would need maternity benefits.
actually would need maternity benefits.
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05:29
And unfortunately,
that's what we've learned the hard way
that's what we've learned the hard way
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不幸的是，这就是我们知道的
美国女性的惨痛经历。
05:31
in the US for women.
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如果我们不为刀俎，
便是鱼肉，对吧？
便是鱼肉，对吧？
05:33
If we're not at the table,
we're on the menu, right?
we're on the menu, right?
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很简单，我们的席位还不够，
05:36
And we're simply not at enough tables,
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因为即便女性在美国已经成为了
05:42
because even though women
are the vast majority of voters
are the vast majority of voters
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主要的投票群体，
05:45
in the United States,
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我们在政治代表方面还
远远落后于世界其他国家。
远远落后于世界其他国家。
05:46
we fall far behind the rest of the world
in political representation.
in political representation.
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05:50
Recent research is that when
they ranked all the countries,
they ranked all the countries,
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最近对全球排名的研究发现，
美国女性政治代表排名104位。
05:54
the United States is 104th
in women's representation in office.
in women's representation in office.
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104…
05:59
104th ...
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仅次于印度尼西亚。
06:02
Right behind Indonesia.
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06:04
So is it any big surprise, then,
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如果想想是谁在做决定，
让我们成为世界上唯一没有
06:07
considering who's making decisions,
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带薪探产假的发达国家，你还感到意外吗？
06:08
we're the only developed country
with no paid family leave?
with no paid family leave?
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06:12
And despite all the research
and improvements we've made
and improvements we've made
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尽管我们在医疗保健领域做了很多
研究和改进——
06:15
in medical care --
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这对我来说真的很可怕——
06:16
and this is really horrifying to me --
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在发达国家中，
美国的孕产妇死亡率最高。
美国的孕产妇死亡率最高。
06:19
the United States now leads the developed
world in maternal mortality rates.
world in maternal mortality rates.
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06:24
Now, when it comes to equal pay,
we're not doing a whole lot better.
we're not doing a whole lot better.
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在同工同酬方面，我们也没有好多少。
在美国，平均每个男性赚1美元，
06:27
Women now, on average,
in the United States,
in the United States,
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每个女性只赚80美分。
06:30
still only make 80 cents
to the dollar that a man makes.
to the dollar that a man makes.
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如果你是非裔美国人，
06:33
Though if you're
an African American woman,
an African American woman,
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只能赚63美分。
06:35
it's 63 cents to the dollar.
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如果你是拉丁裔，则只有54美分。
06:37
And if you're Latina,
it's 54 cents to the dollar.
it's 54 cents to the dollar.
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真是让人愤怒。
06:41
It's an outrage.
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06:42
Now, women in the UK, the United Kingdom,
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现在，英国的女性，英联邦的女性，
刚想出一个我认为相当巧妙的东西，
06:45
just came up with something
I thought was rather ingenious,
I thought was rather ingenious,
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目的是展示薪酬支付的差距。
06:48
in order to illustrate
the impact of the pay gap.
the impact of the pay gap.
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06:51
So, starting November 10
and going through the end of the year,
and going through the end of the year,
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从11月10号到年底，
她们在电子邮件里放了一份
不在公司办公的备忘录，
不在公司办公的备忘录，
06:54
they simply put an out-of-office
memo on their email
memo on their email
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以展示她们在没有薪水的
情况下工作了几周。
情况下工作了几周。
06:57
to indicate all the weeks
they were working without pay.
they were working without pay.
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能理解吧？
07:01
Right?
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我认为这是一个很受欢迎的想法。
07:02
I think it's an idea
that actually could catch on.
that actually could catch on.
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07:05
But imagine if women
actually had political power.
actually had political power.
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但想象下如果女性确实拥有了政治权力。
07:09
Imagine if we were at the table,
making decisions.
making decisions.
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假想我们能参与决策的制定。
07:14
Imagine if we had our own
women's political party
women's political party
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假想我们有自己的女性政党，
而不是把我们的问题
当作干扰放在一边，
当作干扰放在一边，
07:17
that instead of putting our issues
to the side as distractions,
to the side as distractions,
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让男性的问题优先解决。
07:20
made them the top priority.
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07:23
Well, we know --
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那么，我们知道——
研究显示当女性执政时，
07:25
research shows
that when women are in office,
that when women are in office,
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她们跟男性表现不同。
07:27
they actually act differently than men.
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07:30
They collaborate more
with their colleagues,
with their colleagues,
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她们更愿意与同事合作，
她们跨越党派工作，
07:32
they work across party lines,
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女性更有可能支持改善医疗、
07:35
and women are much more likely
to support legislation
to support legislation
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教育和公民权利的立法。
07:37
that improves access to health care,
education, civil rights.
education, civil rights.
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07:42
And what we've seen in our research
in the United States Congress
in the United States Congress
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我们在对美国国会的研究发现
女性会推动更多的立法，
07:45
is that women sponsor more legislation
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共同推动更多的立法。
07:48
and they cosponsor more legislation.
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所有证据都显示，
当女性拥有机会服务大众时，
当女性拥有机会服务大众时，
07:49
So all the evidence is that when women
actually have the chance to serve,
actually have the chance to serve,
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她们会带来巨大的改变，言出必行。
07:53
they make a huge difference
and they get the job done.
and they get the job done.
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07:57
So how would it look in the United States
if different people were making decisions?
if different people were making decisions?
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那么如果有不同的人在做决定，
美国的情况会怎样呢？
美国的情况会怎样呢？
08:02
Well, I firmly believe
if half of Congress could get pregnant,
if half of Congress could get pregnant,
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我确信如果有一半的国会议员会怀孕，
我们最终就不会为避孕
08:05
we would finally quit fighting
about birth control
about birth control
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和计划生育争吵了。
08:08
and Planned Parenthood.
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（鼓掌和欢呼）
08:09
(Applause and cheers)
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不会再有了。
08:10
That would be over.
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（鼓掌）
08:11
(Applause)
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08:16
I also really believe that finally,
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我也非常相信，
08:19
businesses might quit
treating pregnancy as a nuisance,
treating pregnancy as a nuisance,
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企业不会把怀孕视为一件麻烦事，
而是把它理解为数百万美国工人的
08:24
and rather understand it
as a primary medical issue
as a primary medical issue
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08:27
for millions of American workers.
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首要医疗问题。
08:30
And I think if more women were in office,
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我认为如果更多的女性参与执政，
我们的政府就会以阖家团圆为先，
08:33
our government would actually prioritize
keeping families together
keeping families together
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而不再把家人拆散。
08:37
rather than pulling them apart.
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（鼓掌）
08:39
(Applause)
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但也许更重要的是，
08:43
But perhaps most importantly,
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我认为所有这些问题不会
再被视为“女人的问题”。
再被视为“女人的问题”。
08:46
I think all of these issues would
no longer be seen as "women's issues."
no longer be seen as "women's issues."
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08:50
They would just be seen as basic issues
of fairness and equality
of fairness and equality
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它们应该被视作每个人都会支持的
公平和平等的基本问题。
08:53
that everybody can get behind.
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08:58
So I think the question is,
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所以我认为问题是，
要发起这场女性政治革命需要什么呢？
08:59
what would it take, actually, to build
this women's political revolution?
this women's political revolution?
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09:04
The good news is, actually,
it's already started.
it's already started.
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好消息是，其实，已经开始了。
09:08
Because women around the globe
are demanding workplaces,
are demanding workplaces,
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因为全球的女性都要求像工作场所，
教育机构，
09:11
they're demanding
educational institutions,
educational institutions,
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09:14
they're demanding governments
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还有政府这些地方的
性别歧视、性骚扰
和性侵犯不应该被接受，
和性侵犯不应该被接受，
09:16
where sexism and sexual harassment
and sexual assault are neither accepted
and sexual assault are neither accepted
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也不该被容忍。
09:21
nor tolerated.
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全世界的女性，就如我们所知的，
09:22
Women around the world, as we know,
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在举起她们的手说：“我也是”，
09:24
are raising their hands
and saying, "Me Too,"
and saying, "Me Too,"
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这个运动的影响是如此之大，
09:27
and it's a movement
that's made so much more powerful
that's made so much more powerful
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各行各业的女性，
从家政工人到好莱坞明星，
从家政工人到好莱坞明星，
09:30
by the fact that women
are standing together across industries,
are standing together across industries,
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全都站了出来。
09:33
from domestic workers
to celebrities in Hollywood.
to celebrities in Hollywood.
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09:38
Women are marching, we're sitting in,
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女性在游行，我们在参与，
我们为自己发声。
09:41
we're speaking up.
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女性正在挑战现状，
09:42
Women are challenging the status quo,
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我们正在打破旧的禁忌，
09:45
we're busting old taboos
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是的，我们骄傲地制造麻烦。
09:47
and yes, we are proudly making trouble.
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09:50
So, women in Saudi Arabia
are driving for the very first time.
are driving for the very first time.
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结果就是，沙特阿拉伯的女性
第一次被允许开车。
第一次被允许开车。
（鼓掌和欢呼）
09:54
(Applause and cheers)
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伊拉克妇女站在一起声援
人口贩运的幸存者。
人口贩运的幸存者。
09:57
Women in Iraq are standing in solidarity
with survivors of human trafficking.
with survivors of human trafficking.
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10:02
And women from El Salvador to Ireland
are fighting for reproductive rights.
are fighting for reproductive rights.
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从萨尔瓦多到爱尔兰，
妇女们在为生育权利而斗争。
妇女们在为生育权利而斗争。
10:07
And women in Myanmar
are standing up for human rights.
are standing up for human rights.
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缅甸的妇女在为人权挺身而出。
10:11
In short, I think the most profound
leadership in the world
leadership in the world
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总的来说，我认为世界上
最有影响力的领袖
最有影响力的领袖
不是来自政府大厅。
10:15
isn't coming from halls of government.
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它来自世界各地的基层女性。
10:17
It's coming from women
at the grassroots all across the globe.
at the grassroots all across the globe.
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（鼓掌）
10:20
(Applause)
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在美国，女性势不可挡。
10:24
And here in the United States,
women are on fire.
women are on fire.
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10:29
So a recent Kaiser poll reported
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最近的一项Kaiser民意调查显示，
10:32
that since our last presidential
election in 2016,
election in 2016,
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自2016年我们上次总统选举以来，
1/5的美国人参加过游行或抗议活动，
10:36
one in five Americans have either marched
or taken part in a protest,
or taken part in a protest,
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头号问题跟女性人权有关。
10:40
and the number one issue
has been women's rights.
has been women's rights.
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10:43
Women are starting new organizations,
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女性开始设立新的组织，
她们是各种活动的志愿者，
10:46
they are volunteering on campaigns,
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她们讨论从枪支安全
10:48
and they're taking on every issue
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2020
到公共教育的各种问题。
10:50
from gun-safety reform
to public education.
to public education.
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10:55
And women are running for office
in record numbers,
in record numbers,
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女性竞选公职的人数也创下记录，
并且她们在获胜。
10:58
and they are winning.
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所以——（笑声）
10:59
So -- (Laughs)
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11:01
(Applause)
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1331
（鼓掌）
出现了像乔治亚州的
露西·麦克巴斯这样的女性。
露西·麦克巴斯这样的女性。
11:02
Women like Lucy McBath from Georgia.
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（鼓掌和欢呼）
11:06
(Applause and cheers)
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3408
11:10
Lucy lost her son to gun violence,
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4285
露西在枪支暴力中失去了自己的孩子，
正因为她在刑事司法系统中的经历，
11:14
and it was because of her experience
with the criminal justice system
with the criminal justice system
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3945
让她意识到这个系统是如何破烂不堪，
11:18
that she realized just how broken it is,
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2241
11:20
and she decided to do
something about that.
something about that.
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2773
于是她决定做点事情。
所以她参与竞选，
11:23
So she ran for office,
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于是今年1月，她将去国会任职。
11:25
and this January, she's going to Congress.
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或是——
11:28
OK? Or --
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1981
（鼓掌）
11:30
(Applause)
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来自明尼苏达州的安吉·克雷格。
11:31
Angie Craig from Minnesota.
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11:33
(Applause and cheers)
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1101
（鼓掌和欢呼）
因为她的国会议员对LGBTQ的人
发表了如此可恨的言论，
发表了如此可恨的言论，
11:35
So her congressman had made
such hateful comments about LGBTQ people
such hateful comments about LGBTQ people
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于是她决定去挑战他。
11:40
that she decided to challenge him.
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11:43
And you know what? She did, and she won,
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你们知道吗？她做到了，她成功了，
11:46
and when she goes to Congress in January,
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当她一月份到国会时，
她将成为第一位在众议院
任职的女同性恋母亲。
任职的女同性恋母亲。
11:47
she'll be the first lesbian mother
serving in the House of Representatives.
serving in the House of Representatives.
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（鼓掌和欢呼）
11:51
(Applause and cheers)
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或——
11:53
Or --
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（鼓掌）
11:54
(Applause)
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或是来自伊利诺斯州的劳伦·安德伍德。
11:56
Or Lauren Underwood from Illinois.
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11:59
She's a registered nurse,
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她是位注册护士，
她每天都看到缺乏医疗服务
12:01
and she sees every day the impact
that lack of health care access has
that lack of health care access has
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对她所住的社区的影响，
12:05
on the community where she lives,
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所以她决定参与竞选。
12:07
and so she decided to run.
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她在初选中打败了六个人，
12:09
She took on six men in her primary,
she beat them all,
she beat them all,
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她在大选中获胜，
12:12
she won the general election,
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当她1月份去国会时，
12:14
and when she goes to Congress in January,
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她将成为在华盛顿特区
为她的选区服务的
为她的选区服务的
12:16
she's going to be the first
African-American woman ever
African-American woman ever
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第一位非洲裔美国妇女。
12:18
to serve her district in Washington, D.C.
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（鼓掌和欢呼）
12:20
(Applause and cheers)
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所以女性正在认识到——
12:24
So women are recognizing --
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这是我们的时刻。
12:27
this is our moment.
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不要等待许可，
12:28
Don't wait for permission,
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12:29
don't wait for your turn.
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不要等待轮到你。
12:32
As the late, great
Shirley Chisholm said --
Shirley Chisholm said --
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正如已故伟大的雪莉·奇泽姆所说——
雪莉·奇泽姆，第一位进入国会的
12:36
Shirley Chisholm, the first
African-American woman ever
African-American woman ever
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非裔美国女性，
12:39
to go to Congress
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也是民主党历史上
第一位女性总统候选人——
第一位女性总统候选人——
12:40
and the first woman to run for president
in the Democratic party --
in the Democratic party --
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雪莉·奇泽姆说，
12:44
but Shirley Chisholm said,
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“如果餐桌上没有你的位置，
那就拉把折叠椅。”
那就拉把折叠椅。”
12:46
"If there's no room for you at the table,
just pull up a folding chair."
just pull up a folding chair."
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3501
12:50
And that's what women are doing,
all across the country.
all across the country.
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4460
这就是全国女性正在做的事情。
12:55
I believe women are now the most
important and powerful political force
important and powerful political force
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我相信女性现在是全球
最重要和最有权力的
最重要和最有权力的
政治力量，
12:59
in the world,
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但我们如何确保这不是昙花一现？
13:01
but how do we make sure
that this is not just a moment?
that this is not just a moment?
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3081
13:04
What we need is actually a global movement
for women's full equality
for women's full equality
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我们真正需要的是一场促进
妇女充分平等的全球运动，
妇女充分平等的全球运动，
一场跨背景，跨越代际的，
13:10
that is intersectional
and it's intergenerational,
and it's intergenerational,
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人人受益的运动。
13:13
where no one gets left behind.
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1733
13:15
And so I have a few ideas
about how we could do that.
about how we could do that.
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对此我有一些想法。
13:18
Number one: it's not enough to resist.
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2216
第一点：光抵抗是不够的。
光说我们反对是不够的。
13:21
It's not enough to say what we're against.
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2092
是时候为我们的诉求大声疾呼和自豪了，
13:23
It's time to be loud and proud
about what we are for,
about what we are for,
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3273
因为追求完全平等是主流价值，
13:26
because being for full equality
is a mainstream value
is a mainstream value
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3174
是我们都会支持的。
13:29
and something that we can get behind.
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2003
因为实际上，男性也支持女性同工同酬。
13:31
Because actually, men support
equal pay for women.
equal pay for women.
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3129
千禧一代，他们支持性别平等。
13:34
Millennials, they support gender equality.
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2729
企业在越来越普遍的
采用家庭友好政策，
采用家庭友好政策，
13:37
And businesses are increasingly adopting
family-friendly policies,
family-friendly policies,
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4400
不仅因为这是正确的事情，
13:42
not just because
it's the right thing to do,
it's the right thing to do,
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2107
也因为这对他们的员工有好处。
13:44
but because it's good for their workers.
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1905
对他们的生意有好处。
13:46
It's good for their business.
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1498
13:48
Number two:
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1699
第二点：
我们必须记住范尼·卢·哈默的话，
13:50
We have to remember,
in the words of Fannie Lou Hamer,
in the words of Fannie Lou Hamer,
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3463
“在每个人都自由前，没有人是自由的。”
13:53
that "nobody's free
'til everybody's free."
'til everybody's free."
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3520
13:57
So as I mentioned earlier,
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1623
所以就如我早先提到的，
这个国家的有色人种妇女
在很长一段时间里
在很长一段时间里
13:59
women of color in this country
didn't even get the right to vote
didn't even get the right to vote
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3506
甚至没有投票权。
14:02
until much further along
than the rest of us.
than the rest of us.
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2923
14:06
But since they did,
they are the most reliable voters,
they are the most reliable voters,
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2955
但一旦她们获得了，
她们就成了最可靠的投票者，
她们就成了最可靠的投票者，
有色女性人群是支持女性权利候选人
14:09
and women of color are the most
reliable voters for candidates
reliable voters for candidates
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2922
最可靠的选民，
14:12
who support women's rights,
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1323
我们需要跟随她们的脚步——
14:13
and we need to follow their lead --
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1742
（鼓掌和欢呼）
14:15
(Applause and cheers)
288
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5247
因为她们的问题就是我们的问题。
14:20
Because their issues are our issues.
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2479
14:23
And as white women, we have to do more,
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2788
作为白人女性，我们必须采取更多行动，
因为种族歧视，性别歧视和恐同症，
14:26
because racism and sexism and homophobia,
291
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3119
这些问题会影响我们所有人。
14:29
these are issues that affect all of us.
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2383
14:32
Number three: we've got to vote
in every single election.
in every single election.
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第三：我们必须在每一场选举中投票。
每一场选举。
14:35
Every election.
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1151
我们要让选民投票变得更容易，
14:37
And we've got to make it easier
for folks to vote,
for folks to vote,
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2805
我们需要确保每一张投票
都被计算在内。
都被计算在内。
14:39
and we've got to make sure
that every single vote is counted, OK?
that every single vote is counted, OK?
296
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3408
（鼓掌和欢呼）
14:43
(Applause and cheers)
297
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2848
因为存在于美国的投票障碍，
14:46
Because the barriers that exist
to voting in the United States,
to voting in the United States,
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5580
对女性来说尤其不便——
14:51
they fall disproportionately on women --
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让那些有色人种的女性，低收入女性，
14:54
women of color, women with low incomes,
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那些努力工作养家糊口的女性失望。
14:56
women who are working
and trying to raise a family.
and trying to raise a family.
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15:00
So we need to make it easier
for everyone to vote,
for everyone to vote,
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所以我们需要让每个人的投票变得容易。
我们可以从把选举日定为美国的
15:03
and we can start by making
Election Day a federal holiday
Election Day a federal holiday
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联邦假日开始。
15:06
in the United States of America.
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（鼓掌和欢呼）
15:08
(Applause and cheers)
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第四点：不要等待指示。
15:13
Number four: don't wait for instructions.
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如果你看到需要解决的问题。
15:16
If you see a problem that needs fixing,
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那你就应该动手解决它。
15:18
I think you're the one to do it, OK?
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去成立一个新的组织，参与竞选。
15:21
So start a new organization,
run for office.
run for office.
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或者就像在工作中站出来为自己
15:25
Or maybe it's as simple as standing up
on the job in support of yourself
on the job in support of yourself
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或者你的同事发声一样简单。
15:30
or your coworkers.
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这取决于我们所有人。
15:31
This is up to all of us.
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15:33
And number five:
invest in women, all right?
invest in women, all right?
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第五点：投资女性。
（鼓掌）
15:38
(Applause)
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投资女性作为候选人，改革者，领导者。
15:39
Invest in women as candidates,
as changemakers, as leaders.
as changemakers, as leaders.
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举个例子，
15:42
Just as an example,
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15:44
in this last election cycle
in the United States,
in the United States,
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在美国最后一轮选举中，
女性向候选人和竞选活动捐赠的金额
15:47
women donated 100 million dollars more
to candidates and campaigns
to candidates and campaigns
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比两年前多了1亿美元，
15:51
than they had just two years ago,
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获胜的女性数量创下了记录。
15:53
and a record number of women won.
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多了不起啊。
15:55
So just think about that.
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（鼓掌和欢呼）
15:57
(Applause and cheers)
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15:58
So look, sometimes I think
that the challenges we face,
that the challenges we face,
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有时候我认为我们面临的那些挑战
似乎非常严峻，
16:03
they seem overwhelming
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看起来几乎不可能被解决，
16:05
and they seem like they almost
can never be solved,
can never be solved,
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但我认为最棘手的问题
16:09
but I think the problems
that seem the most intractable
that seem the most intractable
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是那些最需要做的重要工作。
16:12
are the ones that are most
important to work on.
important to work on.
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16:15
And just because it hasn't been
figured out yet doesn't mean you won't.
figured out yet doesn't mean you won't.
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但是问题没有解决
并不意味着你不能解决。
并不意味着你不能解决。
16:19
After all, if women's work were easy,
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毕竟，如果女性的工作很简单，
其他人就已经做完了，是吧？
16:21
someone else would have
already been doing it, right?
already been doing it, right?
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（笑声）
16:24
(Laughter)
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但全球各地的女性都在行动，
16:25
But women around the globe,
they're on the move,
they're on the move,
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从彼此身上汲取力量和灵感。
16:29
and they are taking strengths
and inspiration from each other.
and inspiration from each other.
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她们正在做从未想象过的事情。
16:32
They are doing things
they never could have imagined.
they never could have imagined.
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所以如果我们能把我们加入
16:35
So if we could just take
the progress we have made
the progress we have made
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劳动力大军，
16:38
in joining the workforce,
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加入企业，
16:39
in joining business,
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加入教育系统取得的进步
16:41
in joining the educational system,
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用于建立真正的政治权力，
16:43
and actually channel that
into building true political power,
into building true political power,
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我们就会重塑这个世纪，
16:47
we will reshape this century,
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因为一个人会被忽视，
16:49
because one of us can be ignored,
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两个人会被驳斥，
16:51
two of us can be dismissed,
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但大家团结一致就能掀起一场运动，
16:53
but together, we're a movement,
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而且势不可挡。
16:55
and we're unstoppable.
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16:57
Thank you.
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谢谢。
（鼓掌和欢呼）
16:58
(Applause and cheers)
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谢谢。
17:00
Thank you.
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（鼓掌）
17:01
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Cecile Richards - ActivistCecile Richards is a national leader for women's rights and social and economic justice, and the author of the bestselling book "Make Trouble."
Why you should listen
As the president of Planned Parenthood Federation of America and Planned Parenthood Action Fund for 12 years, Cecile Richards worked to increase affordable access to reproductive health care and to build a healthier and safer world for women and young people. In 2018, she stepped down from leadership and published the book Make Trouble.
After starting her career as a labor organizer working with women earning the minimum wage, Richards went on to start her own grassroots organizations and later served as deputy chief of staff to House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi. In 2011 and 2012, she was named one of TIME Magazine's "100 Most Influential People in the World." Richards is a frequent speaker and commentator on politics and progressive issues.
Cecile Richards | Speaker | TED.com