ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dayananda Saraswati - Vedantic teacher
Swami Dayananda Saraswati is an acclaimed spiritual teacher and the founder of AIM for Seva -- a charitable trust that works to relieve poverty across India.

Why you should listen

Swami Dayananda Saraswati has been teaching the traditional wisdom of Vedanta for more than four decades, in India and around the world. His success as a teacher is evident in the successes of his students -- over 100 are now swamis themselves, and highly respected as scholars and teachers. Within the Hindu community, he has worked to create harmony, founding the Hindu Dharma Acharya Sabha, where heads of different sects can come together learn from each other. In the larger religious community, he has also made huge strides towards cooperation, convening the first World Congress for the Preservation of Religious Diversity.

However, Swami Saraswati’s work is not limited to the religious community. He is the founder and an active executive member of the All India Movement (AIM) for Seva. Since 2000, AIM has been bringing medical assistance, education, food and infrastructure to people living in the most remote areas of India. Growing up in a small, rural village himself, the Swami understood the particular challenges to accessing aid faced by those outside of the cities. Today, AIM for Seva estimates that they have been able to help over two million people in need.

More profile about the speaker
Dayananda Saraswati | Speaker | TED.com
Chautauqua Institution

Dayananda Saraswati: The profound journey of compassion

尊者Dayananda Saraswati: 找寻“大爱”

Filmed:
414,064 views

Swami Dayananda Saraswati 向我们揭示寻求自我发展和热爱外部世界的人生双行线。他带着我们走过人生的每一个阶段,向我们展示从呱呱坠地的无助婴儿成长为无私无畏的奉献大爱的伟大历程。
- Vedantic teacher
Swami Dayananda Saraswati is an acclaimed spiritual teacher and the founder of AIM for Seva -- a charitable trust that works to relieve poverty across India. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
A human人的 child儿童 is born天生,
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当一个新生命刚来到世间,
00:23
and for quite相当 a long time
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在很长一段时间内
00:28
is a consumer消费者.
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他只能是一位消费者。
00:33
It cannot不能 be consciously自觉 a contributor贡献者.
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他无法成为一名主动贡献者。
00:45
It is helpless无助.
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他是无助的。
00:47
It doesn't know how to survive生存,
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他甚至不知如何才能活下来,
00:50
even though虽然 it is endowed天赋 with an instinct直觉 to survive生存.
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尽管人人都生而有生存的本能。
01:05
It needs需求 the help of mother母亲, or a foster培育 mother母亲, to survive生存.
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他需要母亲或养母的帮助才能活下来。
01:21
It can't afford给予 to doubt怀疑 the person who tends趋向 the child儿童.
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他也没有能力质疑任何照顾他的人。
01:34
It has to totally完全 surrender投降,
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他必须完全顺从,
01:39
as one surrenders退保 to an anesthesiologist麻醉师.
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就像病人必须屈服于麻醉师一样,
01:44
It has to totally完全 surrender投降.
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完全彻底地屈服。
01:50
That implies暗示 a lot of trust相信.
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这样的屈服中也包含着无比的信任,
02:00
That implies暗示 the trusted信任 person
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意味着被信任的人
02:07
won't惯于 violate违反 the trust相信.
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永远不会背叛这种信任。
02:10
As the child儿童 grows成长,
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当这个孩子逐渐长大,
02:15
it begins开始 to discover发现
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他开始意识到
02:19
that the person trusted信任 is violating违反 the trust相信.
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他所信任的人在背叛他的信任。
02:25
It doesn't know even the word "violation违反."
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但他此时还并不知道有“背叛”一词的存在,
02:30
Therefore因此, it has to blame itself本身,
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因此他只能怪罪自己。
02:36
a wordless无言 blame,
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这种默默的自责,
02:39
which哪一个 is more difficult to really resolve解决 --
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比责备他人更让人难受,
02:51
the wordless无言 self-blame自责.
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只是默默的自责。
02:57
As the child儿童 grows成长 to become成为 an adult成人:
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有一天孩子终于长大成人了。
03:02
so far, it has been a consumer消费者,
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在这此前他一直是名消费者。
03:06
but the growth发展 of a human人的 being存在
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但一个人的成长
03:09
lies in his or her capacity容量 to contribute有助于,
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最终取决于他们贡献能力的大小,
03:19
to be a contributor贡献者.
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也就是说成为一个贡献者。
03:23
One cannot不能 contribute有助于 unless除非 one feels感觉 secure安全,
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但只有当一个人有安全感、
03:29
one feels感觉 big,
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感觉到强大有力、
03:32
one feels感觉: I have enough足够.
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感觉到自己已足已之时[方能开始做贡献]。
03:38
To be compassionate富于同情心的 is not a joke玩笑.
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拥有同情心并非儿戏。
03:42
It's not that simple简单.
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知之易,行却难。
03:45
One has to discover发现 a certain某些 bigness量纲 in oneself自己.
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你必须能发现自身在某方面足够强大,
03:52
That bigness量纲 should be centered中心 on oneself自己,
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这种“强大”必存乎于心,
03:55
not in terms条款 of money,
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而非金钱,
03:58
not in terms条款 of power功率 you wield,
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亦非权力,
04:02
not in terms条款 of any status状态 that you can command命令 in the society社会,
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也非你所拥有的社会地位。
04:10
but it should be centered中心 on oneself自己.
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它必是基于人自身的。
04:15
The self: you are self-aware自我意识.
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自我,你要能认识到自我。
04:19
On that self, it should be centered中心 -- a bigness量纲, a wholeness整体性.
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正是这个“自我”拥有着一种强大,一种完整。
04:26
Otherwise除此以外, compassion同情 is just a word and a dream梦想.
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否则,同情心只是一虚物而已。
04:36
You can be compassionate富于同情心的 occasionally偶尔,
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你可以时不时地感受到自己在同情别人,
04:41
more moved移动 by empathy同情
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但这更多的只是理解别人[或者站在对方的角度思考问题]
04:45
than by compassion同情.
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而不是真正的同情。
04:52
Thank God we are empathetic感情移入的.
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感谢上帝让我们都懂得去同情别人,
04:56
When somebody's某人的 in pain疼痛, we pick up the pain疼痛.
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让我们感同身受。
05:01
In a Wimbledon温布尔登 final最后 match比赛,
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在温布尔登的决赛场上,
05:08
these two guys fight斗争 it out.
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两位球员全力以赴,
05:11
Each one has got two games游戏.
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比赛打到2:2的时候,
05:16
It can be anybody's任何人的 game游戏.
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谁都有可能赢得最后的胜利,
05:19
What they have sweated大汗淋漓 so far has no meaning含义.
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似乎之前流的汗都毫无意义了。
05:26
One person wins.
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最后其中的一位赢了。
05:32
The tennis网球 etiquette礼仪 is, both the players玩家 have to come to the net
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根据比赛礼仪,结束后两个人都要走到球网前
05:42
and shake hands.
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握手致意。
05:47
The winner优胜者 boxes盒子 the air空气
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胜者挥拳庆祝、
05:50
and kisses the ground地面,
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亲吻大地、
05:55
throws his shirt衬衫 as though虽然 somebody is waiting等候 for it.
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脱下衣服扔向空中,就好像有人在等着接那件衣服。
05:59
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
06:02
And this guy has to come to the net.
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但最终他必须走到网前。
06:06
When he comes to the net,
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当他走近的时候,
06:09
you see, his whole整个 face面对 changes变化.
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你可以看到他的表情来了个180度大转变。
06:14
It looks容貌 as though虽然 he's wishing希望 that he didn't win赢得.
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他这时看起来就好像宁愿输掉比赛一样。
06:19
Why? Empathy同情.
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为什么?因为同情。
06:24
That's human人的 heart.
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这是人的恻隐之心。
06:26
No human人的 heart is denied否认 of that empathy同情.
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每个人都有这样的恻隐之心。
06:32
No religion宗教 can demolish拆除 that by indoctrination灌输.
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宗教无法改变这一事实,
06:38
No culture文化, no nation国家 and nationalism民族主义 --
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任何文化、任何国家和民族都不能,
06:44
nothing can touch触摸 it
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什么都不能带走人的恻隐之心。
06:47
because it is empathy同情.
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因为这就是同情心。
06:50
And that capacity容量 to empathize同情
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这种同情别人的能力
06:56
is the window窗口 through通过 which哪一个 you reach达到 out to people,
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是你接近别人的一扇窗户,
07:04
you do something that makes品牌 a difference区别 in somebody's某人的 life --
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是你帮助别人改变生活的一个途径。
07:09
even words, even time.
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哪怕只是几句话,或者一起度过的时光。
07:14
Compassion同情 is not defined定义 in one form形成.
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同情心有很多种形式。
07:19
There's no Indian印度人 compassion同情.
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但并没有印度同情心
07:22
There's no American美国 compassion同情.
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或者美国同情心一说。
07:26
It transcends超越 nation国家, the gender性别, the age年龄.
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同情心是跨越国界、性别和年龄的。
07:32
Why? Because it is there in everybody每个人.
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为什么?因为它只存乎于心。
07:43
It's experienced有经验的 by people occasionally偶尔.
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它时不时地被我们感受到。
07:50
Then this occasional偶然 compassion同情,
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但这种偶尔发生的同情心,
07:55
we are not talking about --
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不是我们要说的。
07:59
it will never remain occasional偶然.
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同情心不可能是偶发的。
08:02
By mandate要求, you cannot不能 make a person compassionate富于同情心的.
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你无法强迫一个人拥有同情心。
08:10
You can't say, "Please love me."
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你不能对他说:“请你一定要爱我”。
08:14
Love is something you discover发现.
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爱是需要你去发现的。
08:17
It's not an action行动,
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它并不是一个简单的动作。
08:22
but in the English英语 language语言, it is also an action行动.
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但在英语中,“爱”确实是一个动词。
08:27
I will come to it later后来.
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这个容我压后再谈。
08:31
So one has got to discover发现 a certain某些 wholeness整体性.
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一个人必须要在自己身上发现一种“完整“。
08:38
I am going to cite引用 the possibility可能性 of being存在 whole整个,
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现在我要说的就是达到这种“完整”状态的可能性。
08:45
which哪一个 is within our experience经验, everybody's每个人的 experience经验.
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这种可能性存在于我们的经历,每个人过去所经历的事情。
08:52
In spite尽管 of a very tragic悲惨 life,
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即便一个人的生活极其苦难,
09:01
one is happy快乐 in moments瞬间 which哪一个 are very few少数 and far between之间.
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他时不时的还是会有少许快乐的时刻。
09:11
And the one who is happy快乐,
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经历快乐时刻的人,
09:14
even for a slapstick闹剧 joke玩笑,
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哪怕只是因为一个低级趣味的笑话,
09:22
accepts接受 himself他自己 and also the scheme方案 of things in which哪一个 one finds认定 oneself自己.
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从心底里是接纳自己的,并同时接纳存在于他周围的一切。
09:31
That means手段 the whole整个 universe宇宙,
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这“一切”意味着整个宇宙,
09:35
known已知 things and unknown未知 things.
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已知的和未知的所有事物。
09:39
All of them are totally完全 accepted公认
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所有这一切都被完全接纳。
09:45
because you discover发现 your wholeness整体性 in yourself你自己.
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因为他发现了自己的“完整”。
09:51
The subject学科 -- "me" --
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作为主体的“我”
09:55
and the object目的 -- the scheme方案 of things --
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和作为客体的世间万物
09:58
fuse保险丝 into oneness合一,
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融为了一个整体。
10:03
an experience经验 nobody没有人 can say, "I am denied否认 of,"
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这种体验没有人敢说自己没有过。
10:09
an experience经验 common共同 to all and sundry各种各样的.
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这是天下所有人的共同体验。
10:15
That experience经验 confirms确认 that, in spite尽管 of all your limitations限制 --
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这一体验给我们证明了一个道理:尽管人有各种各种的自身限制、
10:24
all your wants, desires欲望, unfulfilled未了, and the credit信用 cards
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需求、欲望、未能实现的理想,信用卡的钱要还,
10:29
and layoffs裁员
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还有公司裁人的威胁,
10:34
and, finally最后, baldness秃头 --
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再加上越来越严重的谢顶问题,
10:38
you can be happy快乐.
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但你还是可以快乐起来的。
10:42
But the extension延期 of the logic逻辑 is
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这也就是说,
10:47
that you don't need to fulfill履行 your desire欲望 to be happy快乐.
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你不需要非得满足什么欲望才能快乐。
10:53
You are the very happiness幸福, the wholeness整体性 that you want to be.
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你自己正是你快乐的源泉,你自己就是你所追求的“完整”。
10:59
There's no choice选择 in this:
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这并没有什么好选择的,
11:01
that only confirms确认 the reality现实
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它只说明了这样一个事实:
11:07
that the wholeness整体性 cannot不能 be different不同 from you,
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你的完整性就是你自己,
11:14
cannot不能 be minus减去 you.
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它不可能只是你的一部分,
11:18
It has got to be you.
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它必须就是你;
11:21
You cannot不能 be a part部分 of wholeness整体性
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你也不可能只是你的完整性的一部分,
11:24
and still be whole整个.
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而同时还能保持一个整体。
11:27
Your moment时刻 of happiness幸福 reveals揭示 that reality现实,
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你经历的快乐时刻就是在向你揭示这样的一个事实、
11:31
that realization实现, that recognition承认:
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一种顿悟和认识。
11:36
"Maybe I am the whole整个.
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也许我就是完整的,
11:39
Maybe the swami斯瓦米 is right.
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也许尊者说的是对的,
11:42
Maybe the swami斯瓦米 is right." You start开始 your new life.
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他说的是有道理的。你从此开始了一种新的生活,
11:53
Then everything becomes meaningful富有意义的.
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你发现一切都变得有意义起来。
11:59
I have no more reason原因 to blame myself.
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我不再有责怪自己的理由。
12:03
If one has to blame oneself自己, one has a million百万 reasons原因 plus many许多.
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如果一个人想责怪自己,他总能想出几十万个理由来。
12:09
But if I say, in spite尽管 of my body身体 being存在 limited有限 --
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但如果我说,尽管我有诸多的自身限制,
12:15
if it is black黑色 it is not white白色, if it is white白色 it is not black黑色:
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黑的就是黑的,白的就是白的。
12:24
body身体 is limited有限 any which哪一个 way you look at it. Limited有限.
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人的身体是有极限的,不管你从哪个角度去看它。
12:30
Your knowledge知识 is limited有限, health健康 is limited有限,
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你的知识是有限的,健康也是有限的,
12:34
and power功率 is therefore因此 limited有限,
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从而人的能力也是有限的,
12:37
and the cheerfulness快乐 is going to be limited有限.
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快乐程度也是受限制的,
12:42
Compassion同情 is going to be limited有限.
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同情心也有限,
12:45
Everything is going to be limitless无限.
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万事万物都是无限的。
12:50
You cannot不能 command命令 compassion同情
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你不能强求同情心,
12:56
unless除非 you become成为 limitless无限, and nobody没有人 can become成为 limitless无限,
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除非你自己变得无限强大。然而没有人能“变得”无限强大。
13:00
either you are or you are not. Period.
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你要么受限制要么无限强大。就是这样。
13:05
And there is no way of your being存在 not limitless无限 too.
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然而另一方面,你也很难做到不“无限强大”。
13:14
Your own拥有 experience经验 reveals揭示, in spite尽管 of all limitations限制, you are the whole整个.
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你自己的体验告诉你,尽管你受诸多限制,但你还是完整的你。
13:24
And the wholeness整体性 is the reality现实 of you
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这种完整性是你要面对的现实,
13:29
when you relate涉及 to the world世界.
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当你与这个世界打交道的时候。
13:31
It is love first.
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爱总是第一位的。
13:34
When you relate涉及 to the world世界,
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当你生活在这个世界上,
13:36
the dynamic动态 manifestation表现 of the wholeness整体性
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你的完整性就体现在
13:41
is, what we say, love.
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我们所说的爱。
13:46
And itself本身 becomes compassion同情
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然后这个爱就会自动转化成
13:50
if the object目的 that you relate涉及 to evokes唤起 that emotion情感.
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对激发起这种爱的事物的同情心,
14:01
Then that again transforms变换 into giving, into sharing分享.
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而同情心又能够转化成给予和分享。
14:11
You express表现 yourself你自己 because you have compassion同情.
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有了同情心,你就希望能表达出来。
14:17
To discover发现 compassion同情, you need to be compassionate富于同情心的.
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要发现自己的同情心,你需要试着去同情别人。
14:23
To discover发现 the capacity容量 to give and share分享,
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要发现自己给予和分享的能力,
14:28
you need to be giving and sharing分享.
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你需要试着去给予和分享。
14:30
There is no shortcut捷径: it is like swimming游泳的 by swimming游泳的.
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这没有什么捷径,就像是你要想学会游泳,就必须到水里去实践。
14:35
You learn学习 swimming游泳的 by swimming游泳的.
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想学游泳就得下水去游。
14:39
You cannot不能 learn学习 swimming游泳的 on a foam泡沫 mattress床垫 and enter输入 into water.
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不能指望着能在一块海绵垫子上学会游泳。
14:43
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
14:45
You learn学习 swimming游泳的 by swimming游泳的. You learn学习 cycling循环 by cycling循环.
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从游泳中学游泳,从骑车中学骑车。
14:49
You learn学习 cooking烹饪 by cooking烹饪,
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从做饭中学做饭。
14:51
having some sympathetic有同情心 people around you
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找一些有同情心的人
14:54
to eat what you cook厨师.
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来品尝你做的食物。
14:56
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
15:04
And, therefore因此, what I say,
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所以,其实我说的意思就是,
15:08
you have to fake it and make it.
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你必须假装会干一件事情,然后慢慢就真的会干了。
15:10
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
15:17
You need to.
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你的确需要这样做。
15:20
My predecessor前任 meant意味着 that.
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前人已经说过类似的话。
15:26
You have to act法案 it out.
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你必须去实践。
15:31
You have to act法案 compassionately同情.
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必须实践如何去同情别人。
15:38
There is no verb动词 for compassion同情,
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英语里没有表达“同情”这个意思的动词,
15:43
but you have an adverb副词 for compassion同情.
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但是有副词表达这个意思。
15:47
That's interesting有趣 to me.
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我觉得这个很有意思。
15:51
You act法案 compassionately同情.
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你要很有同情心的去做事情,
15:57
But then, how to act法案 compassionately同情 if you don't have compassion同情?
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但如果你没有同情心又如何达到这个目标?
16:01
That is where you fake.
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这是你就需要去假装,
16:04
You fake it and make it. This is the mantra口头禅 of the United联合的 States状态 of America美国.
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你先假装会干,然后再慢慢学。这就是美国人最推崇的。
16:08
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
16:13
You fake it and make it.
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假装会干,然后慢慢学。
16:17
You act法案 compassionately同情 as though虽然 you have compassion同情:
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你假装有同情心的去做事情,就好像真的有一样。
16:20
grind研磨 your teeth,
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努力的去做,
16:23
take all the support支持 system系统.
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用好一切你可以利用的资源,
16:25
If you know how to pray祈祷, pray祈祷.
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如果你知道怎么祈祷,也不妨祈祷一下,
16:29
Ask for compassion同情.
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祈求同情心的到来,
16:32
Let me act法案 compassionately同情.
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让我能真正有同情心的去做事情。
16:35
Do it.
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一定要去做。
16:37
You'll你会 discover发现 compassion同情
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这样你就一定会发现同情心,
16:39
and also slowly慢慢地 a relative相对的 compassion同情,
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然后慢慢的发现一种相对的有比较的同情心。
16:44
and slowly慢慢地, perhaps也许 if you get the right teaching教学,
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再然后,如果得到了正确的指点,
16:48
you'll你会 discover发现 compassion同情 is a dynamic动态 manifestation表现
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你会发现同情心是
16:53
of the reality现实 of yourself你自己, which哪一个 is oneness合一, wholeness整体性,
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你自身状态的一种动态体现,这种自身状态指的就是你的完整性和统一性,
16:59
and that's what you are.
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这种自身状态同时定义了你究竟是谁。
17:01
With these words, thank you very much.
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且到这里吧,谢谢!
17:04
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Xinli Geng
Reviewed by Chaoran Yu

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dayananda Saraswati - Vedantic teacher
Swami Dayananda Saraswati is an acclaimed spiritual teacher and the founder of AIM for Seva -- a charitable trust that works to relieve poverty across India.

Why you should listen

Swami Dayananda Saraswati has been teaching the traditional wisdom of Vedanta for more than four decades, in India and around the world. His success as a teacher is evident in the successes of his students -- over 100 are now swamis themselves, and highly respected as scholars and teachers. Within the Hindu community, he has worked to create harmony, founding the Hindu Dharma Acharya Sabha, where heads of different sects can come together learn from each other. In the larger religious community, he has also made huge strides towards cooperation, convening the first World Congress for the Preservation of Religious Diversity.

However, Swami Saraswati’s work is not limited to the religious community. He is the founder and an active executive member of the All India Movement (AIM) for Seva. Since 2000, AIM has been bringing medical assistance, education, food and infrastructure to people living in the most remote areas of India. Growing up in a small, rural village himself, the Swami understood the particular challenges to accessing aid faced by those outside of the cities. Today, AIM for Seva estimates that they have been able to help over two million people in need.

More profile about the speaker
Dayananda Saraswati | Speaker | TED.com