TEDIndia 2009
Kartick Satyanarayan: How we rescued the "dancing bears"
Kartick Satyanarayan: 我們如何拯救跳舞熊
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一直以來，印度的卡蘭達爾族群以捕捉懶熊的寶寶，並透過極為殘忍的手段訓練牠們技能，以謀取生計。 Kartick Satyanarayan 找到了一個方法來終結這個持續好幾世紀的手法，並透過這件事，學到一個更為重要的課題，那就是：讓肇事者參與解決問題的過程。
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationist
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Kartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
Hi. For those of you who haven't seen dancing bears,
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大家好，讓你們當中沒看過跳舞熊的人看看，
00:20
these are the dancing bears.
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這些就是跳舞熊。
00:22
In 1995, we started working on a two-year investigative research project
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在1995，我們開始著手進行一個為期兩年的調查研究計畫，
00:25
to try and find out what was going on.
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試著找出來龍去脈。
00:28
Because the sloth bears in the wild were obviously getting depleted
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因為野生的懶熊數目急速地下降，幾乎殆盡，
00:30
because of this.
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就是因為這種活動。
00:32
This is the Qalandar community. They are a marginalized Islamic community
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這是卡蘭達爾族群，被邊緣化的伊斯蘭教族群，
00:36
who live across India,
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足跡遍佈印度，
00:38
and have been in India since the 13th century.
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他們自十三世紀就定居在印度。
00:43
We went about getting evidence of what was going on.
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我們到處尋訪想要找出證據，來證明現在發生的事情。
00:46
And this is footage from a hidden camera in a button.
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而這是用鈕釦式隱藏相機拍到的片段。
00:48
And we went in, pretending to be buyers.
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我們進去，佯裝成買家。
00:50
And we found this right in this very state, in Karnataka.
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這正是我們在卡納塔克邦發現的。
00:53
And the bear cubs were being harvested from across the country
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這些幼熊是從全國各地狩獵來的，
00:56
and being sold and traded.
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並透過交易被販賣掉。
00:58
These were being sold for about 2,000 dollars each,
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每一隻大約值兩千美金，
01:00
and they are used for bear paw soup,
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牠們被用來煮熊掌湯，
01:02
and also being trained, later on,
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有些之後被訓練，
01:04
to become dancing bears like the one you just saw.
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成為跳舞熊，就像你剛剛看到的那一些。
01:08
Sadly, the family of Qalandars depended on this bear.
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悲哀的是，卡蘭達爾的家庭依賴這隻熊維生。
01:12
The couple are barely 18 years old.
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這對夫妻僅只有十八歲。
01:15
They already have four children beside them. You can see them.
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他們身邊已有四個孩子。你可以在畫面上看到他們。
01:18
And the economy of the family and their livelihood depended on those animals.
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這個家庭的經濟來源和生計就依靠那些動物。
01:21
So, we had to deal with it in a very practical and sustainable manner.
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所以我們必須用一個長久可行的方法來解決這個問題。
01:24
Now, when we started working deeper and digging deeper,
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當我們開始深入研究，並做更進一步的探查，
01:27
we found that it's an illegal act.
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我們發現這是一個違法的行為。
01:29
These guys could go to jail for up to seven years
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這些狩獵者如果被有關當局逮捕的話，
01:32
if they were caught by authorities.
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可能會入監服刑長達七年。
01:34
And what they were doing to the bears was really appalling.
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而他們對熊所做的事是相當令人髮指，
01:36
It was unacceptable.
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無法被接受的。
01:39
The mother bears are usually killed.
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母熊通常會被殺掉，
01:41
The cubs, which are taken, are separated.
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被帶走的幼熊則會被隔離。
01:44
Their teeth are basically bashed out with a metal rod.
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牠們的牙齒，基本上會被用金屬棒敲掉。
01:47
And they use a red hot iron needle to make a hole through the muzzle.
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接著他們用熾熱的鐵針在熊鼻上穿洞。
01:51
Now we had to start changing these people and converting them from using that
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我們必須開始改變這些人，並改變他們目前賴以維生的方法，
01:55
for a livelihood, to getting something else.
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讓他們去做一些別的事。
01:57
So, this is Bitu Qalandar, who was our first experiment.
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這是 Bitu Kalandar，我們的第一位實驗者。
02:00
And we were so unsure that this would work.
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我們不確定這是否有效。
02:02
We weren't sure at all. And we managed to convince him.
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我們一點也沒有把握，但我們打算說服他。
02:05
And we said, "Okay, here is some seed fund.
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我們說，"好的，這裡有一些創業基金。
02:07
Let's see if you can get something else." And we got the bear surrendered
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瞧瞧是否你可以找些別的事做。" 接著我們讓他把熊交出來。
02:09
to -- we set up a sanctuary. We have four sanctuaries in India.
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我們設立了一個保護區，在印度總共有四處保護區。
02:12
And now he sells cool drinks, he's by the highway.
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現在他在高速公路邊賣冷飲。
02:15
He has a telephone booth.
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他經營一個電話亭。
02:18
And then it started, there was no turning back after that.
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這計畫就這樣開始了，再也沒有回頭的機會了。
02:20
This is Sadua who came and surrendered his bear.
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這是 Sadua ，他來找我們並將他的熊交給我們。
02:22
And now he runs a cattle fodder store and a grain store
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現在他經營一家牛飼料店，還有一間穀物店。
02:26
near Agra.
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就在阿格拉附近。
02:28
Then there was no looking back at all for us.
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對我們來說，這一切更義無反顧了。
02:30
We gave cycle rickshaws.
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我們給他們人力三輪車。
02:32
We set up carpet-weaving units,
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我們設置了地毯編織處，
02:34
vocational training for the women.
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提供女性職業訓練。
02:36
The women were just not allowed to come out of the community
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這些女性被禁止出外工作，
02:38
and work with mainstream society. So, we were able to address that.
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也不能跟主流社群一同工作，所以我們也可以設法解決這一點。
02:41
Education. The kids never went to school.
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至於教育，這些孩子們從沒上過學。
02:44
They only had Islamic education, very little of it.
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他們只有接受相當少的伊斯蘭教教育，
02:46
And they were never allowed to go to school
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他們也無法上學，
02:48
because they were an extra earning hand at home. So we managed to get education.
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因為家裡極需他們幫忙賺錢，所以我們設法讓這些孩子受教育。
02:51
So, we sponsor 600 children education programs today.
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今天，我們資助六百個孩童接受教育。
02:55
We were able to ensure brighter futures for these people.
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我們能夠確保這些孩童有著更光明的未來。
02:57
Of course we also had to get the bears in.
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當然，我們也必須將熊接進來。
03:00
This is what happens to the bears when they come in.
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這是熊一進來中心的樣子，
03:02
And this is what we turn them into.
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而這是經過我們照顧的樣子。
03:04
We have a veterinary facility in our rescue centers.
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我們在保育中心有個獸醫中心。
03:07
So, basically in 2002 there were
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基本上，在 2002 年共有
03:09
1,200 dancing bears.
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一萬二千頭跳舞熊。
03:11
We rescued over 550 dancing bears.
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我們拯救了超過 550 隻跳舞熊。
03:14
We've been able to ensure better futures for the people and the bears.
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我們能確保這些人還有熊，有著更好的未來。
03:17
The big news that I want to announce today
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我今天要宣布的重大消息是，
03:19
is that next month we will be bringing in
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下個月，我們將會接收
03:22
the very last bear of India,
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印度最後一隻舞蹈熊
03:25
into our rescue center.
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進入我們的保育中心。
03:27
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
03:31
And India will no longer have to witness this cruel barbaric practice
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我們再也不會在印度看到這種持續好幾世紀
03:35
which has been here for centuries.
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殘酷野蠻的行為。
03:37
And the people can hold their heads up high.
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人們也將可以昂首闊步。
03:39
And the Qalandar people will rise above all this cruel barbaric past
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卡蘭達爾人將從他們存活幾世代的野蠻歷史中
03:42
that they've lived all their lives.
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重新覺醒。
03:44
And the beautiful bears can of course live in the wild again.
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當然，這些漂亮的熊也將能再次在野外生存，
03:47
And there will be no more removing of these bears.
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再也不會被捕捉。
03:50
And the children, both humans and bear cubs
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而孩子們，人類與熊
03:53
can live peacefully. Thank you.
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都將能和平地生存下去。謝謝。
03:55
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kartick Satyanarayan - Wildlife conservationistKartick Satyanarayan works tirelessly to save India’s wild animals from illegal captivity and poaching -- most notably rescuing hundreds of “dancing” bears.
Why you should listen
Known by many in India as the “Bear Man,” Kartick Satyanaran is the co-founder of Wildlife SOS -- a non-profit wildlife conservation organization famous for its campaign to rescue every “dancing” bear in the country. For many years, “dancing” sloth bears were the only livelihood of the Kalandar community, but the practice involves extreme cruelty by modern standards, endangers the bear population and is illegal today. He began the organization with his aunt and fellow animal rights champion Geeta Seshamani in 1995, and since then they have rescued over 550 bears.
Satyanaran began rescuing animals as a child, with a particular tendency to rescue snakes. Although he majored in business management in college, he returned to his early love of animal as a field assistant tracking tigers for the Wildlife Conservation Society. Now, through Wildlife SOS, he runs rescue and rehabilitation centers for India’s sloth bears, elephants, leopards and more, as well as several conservation and forest watch projects.
Kartick Satyanarayan | Speaker | TED.com