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Sangu Delle: There's no shame in taking care of your mental health
Sangu Delle: Merawat kesehatan jiwa bukanlah sesuatu yang hina
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Saat stres menjadi terlalu berat bagi pengusaha Sangu Delle, ia harus menghadapi prasangka buruk dari dirinya sendiri: bahwa pria tidak seharusnya merawat kesehatan jiwa mereka. Dalam perbincangan pribadi, Delle berbagi cara ia belajar menangani kecemasan di masyarakat yang enggan membahas emosi. Seperti tuturnya, "Bersikap jujur tentang perasaan kita, tidak membuat kita lemah -- tapi menjadikan kita manusia."
Sangu Delle - Entrepreneur
Sangu Delle is an entrepreneur and clean water activist. A TED Fellow who hails from Ghana, he sees incredible potential in the African economy. Full bio
Sangu Delle is an entrepreneur and clean water activist. A TED Fellow who hails from Ghana, he sees incredible potential in the African economy. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Last year ...
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Tahun lalu ...
adalah neraka.
00:14
was hell.
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(Tawa)
00:16
(Laughter)
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00:20
It was my first time eating
Nigerian "jollof."
Nigerian "jollof."
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Itu pertama kalinya saya makan
jollof Nigeria (sejenis hidangan nasi).
jollof Nigeria (sejenis hidangan nasi).
(Tawa)
00:24
(Laughter)
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00:26
Actually, in all seriousness,
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Sebenarnya, di tengah
segala kesungguhan hidup,
segala kesungguhan hidup,
saya mengalami
tekanan batin yang dahsyat.
tekanan batin yang dahsyat.
00:29
I was going through a lot
of personal turmoil.
of personal turmoil.
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00:33
Faced with enormous stress,
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Menghadapi stres berat,
saya mengalami serangan kecemasan.
00:35
I suffered an anxiety attack.
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00:38
On some days, I could do no work.
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Kadang-kadang, saya tak
dapat bekerja sama sekali.
dapat bekerja sama sekali.
00:42
On other days,
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Di lain waktu,
saya hanya ingin berbaring
di ranjang dan menangis.
di ranjang dan menangis.
00:44
I just wanted to lay in my bed and cry.
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00:48
My doctor asked if I'd like to speak
with a mental health professional
with a mental health professional
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Dokter saya bertanya jika saya mau bertemu
dengan profesional untuk kesehatan jiwa
dengan profesional untuk kesehatan jiwa
untuk mengatasi
stres dan kecemasan.
stres dan kecemasan.
00:53
about my stress and anxiety.
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00:56
Mental health?
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Kesehatan jiwa?
00:58
I clammed up and violently
shook my head in protest.
shook my head in protest.
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Saya bungkam dan menggelengkan kepala
bertubi-tubi untuk menunjukan protes.
bertubi-tubi untuk menunjukan protes.
01:05
I felt a profound sense of a shame.
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Ada perasaan malu yang mendalam.
01:10
I felt the weight of stigma.
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Saya merasakan beban stigma.
Saya mempunyai keluarga yang
penuh kasih, suportif,
penuh kasih, suportif,
01:15
I have a loving, supportive family
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juga teman-teman yang sangat setia,
01:17
and incredibly loyal friends,
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tapi tak terbayangkan olehku
untuk berbicara pada seseorang
untuk berbicara pada seseorang
01:19
yet I could not entertain
the idea of speaking to anyone
the idea of speaking to anyone
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tentang penderitaan saya.
01:24
about my feeling of pain.
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01:28
I felt suffocated
by the rigid architecture
by the rigid architecture
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Saya merasa terkekang oleh budaya
yang sangat menonjolkan
yang sangat menonjolkan
maskulinitas Afrika.
01:32
of our African masculinity.
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01:35
"People have real problems, Sangu.
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"Orang-orang punya
masalah sungguhan, Sangu.
masalah sungguhan, Sangu.
Sudahlah!"
01:37
Get over yourself!"
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01:40
The first time I heard "mental health,"
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Pertama kali saya mendengar
"kesehatan jiwa,"
"kesehatan jiwa,"
01:43
I was a boarding school student
fresh off the boat from Ghana,
fresh off the boat from Ghana,
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saya adalah murid sekolah asrama
yang baru datang dari Ghana,
yang baru datang dari Ghana,
di Peddie School, New Jersey.
01:47
at the Peddie School in New Jersey.
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01:51
I had just gone through
the brutal experience
the brutal experience
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Saya baru saja mengalami trauma
dari kematian tujuh orang terkasih
di bulan yang sama.
di bulan yang sama.
01:54
of losing seven loved ones
in the same month.
in the same month.
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01:58
The school nurse,
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Suster di sekolah,
khawatir dengan apa yang saya alami
-- Tuhan berkati jiwanya --
-- Tuhan berkati jiwanya --
02:00
concerned about what I'd gone
through -- God bless her soul --
through -- God bless her soul --
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ia menanyakan tentang
kesehatan jiwa saya.
kesehatan jiwa saya.
02:04
she inquired about my mental health.
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02:07
"Is she mental?" I thought.
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"Apakah dia waras?" pikir saya.
02:10
Does she not know I'm an African man?
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Apa dia tidak tahu saya pria Afrika?
(Tawa)
02:12
(Laughter)
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Seperti Okonkwo
di film "Things Fall Apart,"
di film "Things Fall Apart,"
02:13
Like Okonkwo in "Things Fall Apart,"
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02:15
we African men neither process
nor express our emotions.
nor express our emotions.
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kami pria Afrika tidak memproses atau
mengekspresikan emosi kami.
mengekspresikan emosi kami.
02:20
We deal with our problems.
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Kami mengatasi masalah kami.
(Tepuk tangan)
02:22
(Applause)
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02:25
We deal with our problems.
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Kami mengatasi masalah kami.
Saya berkata ke adik laki-laki saya dan
menertawakan orang "Oyibo" --kulit putih--
menertawakan orang "Oyibo" --kulit putih--
02:27
I called my brother and laughed
about "Oyibo" people -- white people --
about "Oyibo" people -- white people --
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dan penyakit aneh mereka --
02:31
and their strange diseases --
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depresi, ADD, dan segala "yang aneh-aneh."
02:33
depression, ADD and those "weird things."
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02:38
Growing up in West Africa,
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Di Afrika Barat,
saat orang menggunakan istilah "kejiwaan,"
yang terpikirkan adalah orang gila
yang terpikirkan adalah orang gila
02:40
when people used the term "mental,"
what came to mind was a madman
what came to mind was a madman
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dengan rambut gimbal kotor,
02:44
with dirty, dread-locked hair,
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mengigau dan
setengah telanjang di jalanan.
setengah telanjang di jalanan.
02:47
bumbling around half-naked on the streets.
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Kita semua pernah melihat
orang ini.
orang ini.
02:51
We all know this man.
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02:52
Our parents warned us about him.
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Orang tua kami memperingatkan
kami tentang dia.
kami tentang dia.
02:55
"Mommy, mommy, why is he mad?"
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"Ibu, ibu, mengapa dia gila?"
"Narkoba!
02:57
"Drugs!
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Jika kamu melirik narkoba,
kamu akan jadi seperti dia."
kamu akan jadi seperti dia."
02:58
If you even look at drugs,
you end up like him."
you end up like him."
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03:01
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
03:02
Come down with pneumonia,
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Terjangkit pneumonia
(radang paru-paru),
(radang paru-paru),
ibu Anda akan
melarikan Anda ke rumah sakit terdekat
melarikan Anda ke rumah sakit terdekat
03:05
and your mother will rush you
to the nearest hospital
to the nearest hospital
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untuk perawatan medis.
03:07
for medical treatment.
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03:10
But dare to declare depression,
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Tapi jika berani menyatakan depresi,
03:13
and your local pastor
will be driving out demons
will be driving out demons
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pendeta setempat akan
mengadakan pengusiran iblis
mengadakan pengusiran iblis
dan menyalahkan dukun di desa Anda.
03:16
and blaming witches in your village.
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03:19
According to the World
Health Organization,
Health Organization,
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Menurut Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO),
kesehatan jiwa adalah tentang
kemampuan untuk mengatasi
kemampuan untuk mengatasi
03:22
mental health is about being able to cope
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tekanan kehidupan sehari-hari;
03:25
with the normal stressors of life;
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03:27
to work productively and fruitfully;
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sehingga manusia dapat
bekerja produktif dan berhasil;
bekerja produktif dan berhasil;
dan mampu berkontribusi di masyarakat.
03:31
and to be able to make
a contribution to your community.
a contribution to your community.
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03:35
Mental health includes our emotional,
psychological and social well-being.
psychological and social well-being.
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Kesehatan jiwa termasuk kesejahteraan
emosi, psikologi, dan sosial.
emosi, psikologi, dan sosial.
03:42
Globally, 75 percent
of all mental illness cases
of all mental illness cases
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Secara global, 75% dari kasus kejiwaan
dapat ditemukan di negara
berpendapatan rendah.
berpendapatan rendah.
03:47
can be found in low-income countries.
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Walaupun demikian,
kebanyakan pemerintah Afrika
kebanyakan pemerintah Afrika
03:50
Yet most African governments
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03:52
invest less than one percent
of their health care budget
of their health care budget
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berinvestasi kurang dari satu persen
dari anggaran perawatan kesehatan
dari anggaran perawatan kesehatan
untuk kesehatan jiwa.
03:56
in mental health.
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03:58
Even worse,
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Yang lebih buruk lagi,
kami sangat kekurangan
tenaga psikiater di Afrika.
tenaga psikiater di Afrika.
03:59
we have a severe shortage
of psychiatrists in Africa.
of psychiatrists in Africa.
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04:04
Nigeria, for example,
is estimated to have 200 --
is estimated to have 200 --
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Nigeria, contohnya, diperkirakan ada 200--
04:09
in a country of almost 200 million.
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di negara yang
penduduknya hampir 200 juta.
penduduknya hampir 200 juta.
04:14
In all of Africa,
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Di seluruh Afrika,
90 persen dari populasi
tidak memiliki akses perawatan.
tidak memiliki akses perawatan.
04:15
90 percent of our people
lack access to treatment.
lack access to treatment.
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04:20
As a result,
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Akibatnya,
kami menderita dalam keterpencilan,
04:22
we suffer in solitude,
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bungkam karena stigma.
04:25
silenced by stigma.
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04:29
We as Africans often respond
to mental health with distance,
to mental health with distance,
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Kami orang Afrika sering menanggapi
kesehatan jiwa dengan menjauh,
kesehatan jiwa dengan menjauh,
04:34
ignorance,
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ketidakpedulian,
04:36
guilt,
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rasa bersalah,
04:38
fear
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rasa takut,
04:39
and anger.
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dan amarah.
04:42
In a study conducted by Arboleda-Flórez,
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Di suatu penelitian yang diadakan
oleh Arboleda-Flórez,
oleh Arboleda-Flórez,
secara langsung menanyakan,
"Apa penyebab penyakit jiwa?"
"Apa penyebab penyakit jiwa?"
04:47
directly asking, "What is the cause
of mental illness?"
of mental illness?"
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04:51
34 percent of Nigerian respondents
cited drug misuse;
cited drug misuse;
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34 persen responden dari Nigeria
menuding penyalahgunaan narkoba;
menuding penyalahgunaan narkoba;
04:58
19 percent said divine wrath
and the will of God --
and the will of God --
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19 persen mengatakan amarah ilahi
dan kehendak Tuhan --
dan kehendak Tuhan --
(Tawa)
05:03
(Laughter)
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05:05
12 percent,
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12 persen,
05:08
witchcraft and spiritual possession.
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ilmu sihir dan kerasukan roh.
05:11
But few cited other known
causes of mental illness,
causes of mental illness,
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Tapi sedikit yang menyebutkan hal lain
yang menyebabkan penyakit jiwa,
yang menyebabkan penyakit jiwa,
seperti genetik,
05:16
like genetics,
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status sosial ekonomi,
05:18
socioeconomic status,
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perang,
05:20
war,
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konflik,
05:21
conflict
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atau kehilangan orang terkasih.
05:23
or the loss of a loved one.
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05:26
The stigmatization against mental illness
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Stigma terhadap penyakit kejiwaan
sering mengakibatkan penderita
dikucilkan dan dikutuk.
dikucilkan dan dikutuk.
05:28
often results in the ostracizing
and demonizing of sufferers.
and demonizing of sufferers.
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05:34
Photojournalist Robin Hammond
has documented some of these abuses ...
has documented some of these abuses ...
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Fotojurnalis, Robin Hammond, men-
dokumentasi beberapa penyiksaan tersebut
dokumentasi beberapa penyiksaan tersebut
di Uganda,
05:38
in Uganda,
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05:40
in Somalia,
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di Somalia,
05:43
and here in Nigeria.
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dan di sini, di Nigeria.
05:47
For me,
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Bagi saya,
05:50
the stigma is personal.
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stigma ini sangat personal.
05:54
In 2009,
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Di tahun 2009,
05:56
I received a frantic call
in the middle of the night.
in the middle of the night.
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saya menerima telepon yang meresahkan
di tengah malam.
di tengah malam.
06:01
My best friend in the world --
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Teman saya yang paling baik --
seorang pria muda yang cerdas,
filosofis, menarik, dan modern --
filosofis, menarik, dan modern --
06:03
a brilliant, philosophical,
charming, hip young man --
charming, hip young man --
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terdiagnosa skizofrenia.
06:08
was diagnosed with schizophrenia.
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06:12
I witnessed some of the friends
we'd grown up with recoil.
we'd grown up with recoil.
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Saya melihat beberapa
teman masa kecil mengingsut.
teman masa kecil mengingsut.
06:19
I heard the snickers.
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Saya mendengar ledekan-ledekan.
06:21
I heard the whispers.
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Saya mendengar bisikan-bisikan.
06:24
"Did you hear he has gone mad?"
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"Kau dengar dia jadi gila?"
06:27
"He start torch o!"
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"Dia sudah gila!"
06:29
Derogatory, demeaning commentary
about his condition --
about his condition --
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Komentar-komentar yang menhina dan
merendahkan tentang kondisinya --
merendahkan tentang kondisinya --
kata-kata yang takkan kami lontarkan
kepada seseorang yang mengidap kanker
kepada seseorang yang mengidap kanker
06:34
words we would never say
about someone with cancer
about someone with cancer
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atau malaria.
06:38
or someone with malaria.
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06:40
Somehow, when it comes to mental illness,
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Entah bagaimana,
ketika bicara tentang penyakit jiwa,
ketika bicara tentang penyakit jiwa,
ketidakpedulian kami
melenyapkan seluruh empati.
melenyapkan seluruh empati.
06:44
our ignorance eviscerates all empathy.
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06:48
I stood by his side
as his community isolated him,
as his community isolated him,
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Saya berdiri di sisinya
saat masyarakat mengucilkannya,
saat masyarakat mengucilkannya,
06:54
but our love never wavered.
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tapi kasih kami tidak pernah goyah.
06:57
Tacitly, I became passionate
about mental health.
about mental health.
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Diam-diam, saya mulai
tertarik dengan kesehatan jiwa.
tertarik dengan kesehatan jiwa.
07:01
Inspired by his plight,
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Tersentuh oleh kondisi buruknya,
saya membantu membentuk kelompok alumni
dengan minat kesehatan jiwa
dengan minat kesehatan jiwa
07:04
I helped found the mental health
special interest alumni group
special interest alumni group
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di kampus saya.
07:07
at my college.
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Dan selama masa pengabdian saya
sebagai tutor di sekolah pascasarjana,
sebagai tutor di sekolah pascasarjana,
07:09
And during my tenure as a resident
tutor in graduate school,
tutor in graduate school,
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saya membantu banyak sarjana
mengatasi kesehatan mental mereka.
mengatasi kesehatan mental mereka.
07:12
I supported many undergraduates
with their mental health challenges.
with their mental health challenges.
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07:17
I saw African students struggle
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Saya melihat banyak murid Afrika terkekang
dan tak bisa bicara kepada siapapun.
07:19
and unable to speak to anyone.
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07:22
Even with this knowledge
and with their stories in tow,
and with their stories in tow,
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Bahkan dengan pengetahuan ini
dan kisah mereka,
dan kisah mereka,
saya juga terkekang
07:26
I, in turn, struggled,
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dan tak dapat bicara kepada siapa pun
saat menghadapi kecemasan saya sendiri,
saat menghadapi kecemasan saya sendiri,
07:28
and could not speak to anyone
when I faced my own anxiety,
when I faced my own anxiety,
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sangat dalam ketakutan kami
menjadi orang gila.
menjadi orang gila.
07:33
so deep is our fear of being the madman.
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07:39
All of us --
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Kita semua --
07:41
but we Africans especially --
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khususnya kami orang Afrika --
07:44
need to realize that our mental struggles
do not detract from our virility,
do not detract from our virility,
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harus menyadari bahwa pergumulan jiwa
tidak akan mengurangi kejantanan kami,
tidak akan mengurangi kejantanan kami,
begitu juga trauma tak akan
menodai kekuatan kami.
menodai kekuatan kami.
07:50
nor does our trauma taint our strength.
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07:54
We need to see mental health
as important as physical health.
as important as physical health.
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Kami harus menyadari kesehatan jiwa
sama pentingnya dengan kesehatan fisik.
sama pentingnya dengan kesehatan fisik.
08:00
We need to stop suffering in silence.
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Kami harus berhenti menderita
dalam kebisuan.
dalam kebisuan.
08:06
We must stop stigmatizing disease
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Kami harus berhenti menstigmatisasi
dan menyakiti orang yang tertimpa
gangguan jiwa.
gangguan jiwa.
08:09
and traumatizing the afflicted.
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08:13
Talk to your friends.
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Bicaralah kepada teman Anda.
08:16
Talk to your loved ones.
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Bicaralah kepada orang terkasih.
Bicaralah kepada profesional kesehatan.
08:18
Talk to health professionals.
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08:21
Be vulnerable.
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Bukalah diri Anda.
08:23
Do so with the confidence
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Lakukanlah itu dengan keyakinan
08:26
that you are not alone.
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bahwa Anda tidak sendirian.
08:30
Speak up if you're struggling.
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2180
Bicaralah jika Anda
terkekang.
terkekang.
08:34
Being honest about how we feel
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Jujur akan perasaan kita
tidak menjadikan kita lemah;
08:38
does not make us weak;
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08:40
it makes us human.
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tapi menjadikan kita manusia.
08:43
It is time to end the stigma
associated with mental illness.
associated with mental illness.
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Inilah waktunya untuk mengakhiri stigma
yang melekat pada penyakit jiwa.
yang melekat pada penyakit jiwa.
08:49
So the next time your hear "mental,"
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Jadi lain kali Anda mendengar
kata "kejiwaan"
kata "kejiwaan"
08:53
do not just think of the madman.
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jangan berpikiran
tentang orang gila.
tentang orang gila.
08:56
Think of me.
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Ingatlah saya.
08:57
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
Terima kasih.
08:59
Thank you.
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(Tepuk tangan)
09:01
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sangu Delle - EntrepreneurSangu Delle is an entrepreneur and clean water activist. A TED Fellow who hails from Ghana, he sees incredible potential in the African economy.
Why you should listen
Born in Ghana, Sangu Delle's childhood home was a refuge for victims of torture and violence from neighboring Liberia and Sierra Leone. Delle graduated from Harvard College with highest honors in African Studies and Economics. He was awarded the Soros Fellowship and pursued a Juris Doctor of Law and MBA at Harvard Law School and Harvard Business School, respectively.
At Harvard, enrolling in the Social Engagement Initiative program that bridged the academic study and practical service gap, Delle co-founded cleanacwa (formerly the African Development Initiative) in 2007, which today is currently working to bring clean water and sanitation to over 200,000 people in 160 villages in the Ayensuano, Suhum and Nandom districts in Ghana. Delle is also passionate about mental health and wellness, and was a founding member of Harvard University’s Mental Health Alumni Special Interest Group.
Delle has previously worked at Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and Valiant Capital Partners. Convinced that the real needs of communities can best be met through entrepreneurship, in 2008 he founded an investment holding company, Golden Palm Investments(GPI) to fund promising start-ups that can have social impact and generate jobs. GPI has backed technology startups such as Andela, Flutterwave and mPharma. GPI has also built a portfolio of greenfield companies in healthcare, agriculture and financial services. Delle serves as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of GPI.
Delle has received several international accolades including being named a 2016 finalist for “Young CEO of the Year” by the Africa CEO Forum, Africa’s “Young Person of the Year” in 2014 by the Future Africa Awards, selected as a 2014 TEDGlobal Fellow, Forbes’ top 30 most promising entrepreneurs in Africa and Euromoney’s “Africa’s Rising Stars” award. Institut Choiseul and Forbes Afrique named Delle as one of the top “100 Economic Leaders in Africa” in 2015. Mic named Delle as one of 9 entrepreneurs in the millennial generation making a difference.
Delle is a Trustee of the Peddie School in NJ and serves on the Advisory Board and chairs the Leadership Council of Harvard University’s Center for African Studies. He also serves on the inaugural West Africa Advisory Group of the Rhodes Scholarship at Oxford University.
Delle loves the outdoors and trekked Mount Everest in 2013 and summited Kilimanjaro during the summer of 2015.
Sangu Delle | Speaker | TED.com