ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
TED-Ed

Chris Anderson (TED): Questions no one knows the answers to

Filmed:
17,835,841 views

In a new TED-Ed series designed to catalyze curiosity, TED Curator Chris Anderson shares his obsession with questions that no one (yet) knows the answers to. A short intro leads into two questions: Why can't we see evidence of alien life? on.ted.com/AlienLife and How many universes are there? on.ted.com/HowMany ... Find more TED-Ed videos on our new YouTube channel: youtube.com/TEDEd.
- TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

(Música)
Em um típico dia na escola,
00:15
On a typical day at school,
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infinitas horas são gastas aprendendo respostas para as perguntas,
00:18
endless hours are spent learning
the answers to questions,
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mas agora, faremos ao contrário.
00:22
but right now, we'll do the opposite.
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Vamos focar em questões que você não pode aprender as respostas
00:26
We're going to focus on questions
where you can't learn the answers
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porque elas são desconhecidas.
00:29
because they're unknown.
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Eu costumava pensar um monte de coisas quando era garoto,
00:31
I used to puzzle about a lot of things
as a boy, for example:
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por exemplo: o que como seria ser um cachorro?
00:36
What would it feel like to be a dog?
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Os peixes sentem dor?
00:39
Do fish feel pain?
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E com os insetos?
00:41
How about insects?
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O Big Bang foi apenas um acidente?
00:43
Was the Big Bang just an accident?
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Existe um Deus?
00:47
And is there a God?
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00:49
And if so, how are we so sure
that it's a He and not a She?
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E se existe, como sabemos que é Ele e não Ela?
Por que tantas pessoas e animais sofrem coisas terríveis?
00:53
Why do so many innocent people
and animals suffer terrible things?
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Existe um plano para minha vida?
00:57
Is there really a plan for my life?
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O futuro está para ser escrito,
01:00
Is the future yet to be written,
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ou já está escrito e apenas não podemos vê-lo?
01:02
or is it already written
and we just can't see it?
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Mas então, eu tenho livre arbítrio? Quer dizer, quem sou eu de qualquer modo?
01:05
But then, do I have free will?
I mean, who am I anyway?
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Sou apenas uma máquina biológica?
01:08
Am I just a biological machine?
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Mas então, por que sou consciente? O que é consciência?
01:11
But then, why am I conscious?
What is consciousness?
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Os robôs serão conscientes um dia?
01:15
Will robots become conscious one day?
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Quer dizer, eu meio que assumi que um dia
01:19
I mean, I kind of assumed that some day
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me dariam respostas para todas estas perguntas.
01:21
I would be told the answers
to all these questions.
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Alguém deve saber, certo?
01:25
Someone must know, right?
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Adivinha? Ninguém sabe.
01:28
Guess what? No one knows.
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A maioria dessas questões me confundem agora mais que nunca.
01:32
Most of those questions
puzzle me more now than ever.
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Mas mergulhar nelas é divertido
01:35
But diving into them is exciting
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porque leva você ao limite do conhecimento, e você nunca sabe o que vai achar lá.
01:38
because it takes you
to the edge of knowledge,
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01:40
and you never know what you'll find there.
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Então, duas questões --
01:43
So, two questions that no one
on Earth knows the answer to.
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questões que ninguém na terra sabe a resposta.
(Música)
01:50
(Music)
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01:52
[How many universes are there?]
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Algumas vezes estou num voo longo,
01:57
Sometimes when I'm on a long plane flight,
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02:00
I gaze out at all those
mountains and deserts
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Olho todas aquelas montanhas e desertos
e tento dimensionar na minha cabeça o quanto a terra é grande.
02:02
and try to get my head
around how vast our Earth is.
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Então me lembro que há um objeto que vemos todos os dias
02:06
And then I remember
that there's an object we see every day
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em que caberiam literalmente mil terras dentro dele:
02:09
that would literally fit
one million Earths inside it:
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o sol. Parece de uma grandeza impossível.
02:13
the Sun.
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02:14
It seems impossibly big.
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Mas no grande esquema das coisas, é uma pontinha,
02:15
But in the great scheme
of things, it's a pinprick,
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umas das 400 bilhões de estrelas na galáxia Via Láctea,
02:19
one of about 400 billion stars
in the Milky Way galaxy,
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que você pode ver numa noite clara
02:23
which you can see on a clear night
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como uma nevoa brancaao longo do céu.
02:25
as a pale white mist
stretched across the sky.
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E fica pior. Existem 100 bilhões de galáxias
02:28
And it gets worse.
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02:29
There are maybe 100 billion galaxies
detectable by our telescopes.
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detectadas pelos nossos telescópios.
Então se cada estrela fosse do tamanho de um único grão de areia,
02:33
So if each star was the size
of a single grain of sand,
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apenas a Via Láctea teria estrelas suficientes para cobrir
02:38
just the Milky Way has enough stars
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um trecho de 9 x 9 metros de praia
02:40
to fill a 30-foot by 30-foot
stretch of beach
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e noventa centímetros de profundidade com areia.
02:42
three feet deep with sand.
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E o planeta inteiro não tem praias suficientes
02:45
And the entire Earth
doesn't have enough beaches
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para representar todas as estrelas do universo.
02:48
to represent the stars
in the overall universe.
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Tal praia continuaria literalmente por centenas de milhões de quilômetros.
02:51
Such a beach would continue for literally
hundreds of millions of miles.
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Santo Stephen Hawking, é muita estrela.
02:55
Holy Stephen Hawking,
that is a lot of stars.
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Mas agora ele e outros físicos acreditam numa realidade
02:59
But he and other physicists
now believe in a reality
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que é inimaginavelmente maior.
03:02
that is unimaginably bigger still.
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Quer dizer, primeiramente, os 100 bilhões de galáxias ao alcance dos nossos telescópios
03:06
I mean, first of all,
the 100 billion galaxies
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03:08
within range of our telescopes
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são provavelmente uma fração minúscula do total.
03:09
are probably a minuscule
fraction of the total.
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O próprio espaço está se expandindo num ritmo acelerado.
03:12
Space itself is expanding
at an accelerating pace.
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A vasta maioria das galáxias
03:16
The vast majority of the galaxies
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está se separando de nós tão rápido que suas luzes nunca nos alcançarão.
03:18
are separating from us so fast
that light from them may never reach us.
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Ainda, nossa realidade física aqui na terra
03:23
Still, our physical reality here on Earth
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é intimamente conectada com aquelas distantes, invisíveis galáxias.
03:26
is intimately connected
to those distant, invisible galaxies.
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Podemos pensar nelas como parte de nosso universo.
03:29
We can think of them
as part of our universe.
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Elas constituem um único edifício gigante
03:32
They make up a single, giant edifice
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03:35
obeying the same physical laws
and all made from the same types of atoms,
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obedecendo os mesmos princípios físicos e feitos dos mesmos tipos de átomos -- elétrons, prótons,
quarques, neutrinos -- que fazem você e eu.
03:38
electrons, protons, quarks, neutrinos,
that make up you and me.
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Contudo, teorias recentes na física, incluindo uma chamada teoria das cordas,
03:42
However, recent theories in physics,
including one called string theory,
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estão agora nos dizendo que poderia haver incontáveis outros universos
03:46
are now telling us there could be
countless other universes
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03:50
built on different types of particles,
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construídos de diferentes tipos de partículas,
03:52
with different properties,
obeying different laws.
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com propriedades diferentes, obedecendo leis diferentes.
A maioria desses universos não poderiam abrigar vida,
03:54
Most of these universes
could never support life,
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e devem piscar em flashes de existência num nanosegundo.
03:57
and might flash in and out
of existence in a nanosecond.
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Mas todavia, combinados eles fazem um vasto multiverso
04:01
But nonetheless, combined,
they make up a vast multiverse
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de universos possíveis em até 11 dimensões,
04:04
of possible universes
in up to 11 dimensions,
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mostrando maravilhas além de nossa imaginação.
04:07
featuring wonders
beyond our wildest imagination.
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A versão que lidera a teoria das cordas prediz um multiverso
04:12
The leading version of string theory
predicts a multiverse
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feito de 10 elevado a 500 universos.
04:15
made up of 10 to the 500 universes.
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04:17
That's a one followed by 500 zeros,
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Isso é um seguido de 500 zeros,
um número tão vasto que se cada átomo
04:20
a number so vast that if every atom
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em nosso universo observável tivesse seu próprio universo,
04:23
in our observable universe
had its own universe,
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e todos os átomos do universo tivessem cada um
04:27
and all of the atoms
in all those universes each had
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seus próprios universos, e você repetisse isso
04:29
their own universe,
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04:32
and you repeated that for two more cycles,
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por dois ciclos mais, você ainda teria
04:34
you'd still be at a tiny
fraction of the total,
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uma pequena fração do total,
Quer dizer, um trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão trilhão de trilionésimo.
04:37
namely, one trillion trillion trillion
trillion trillion trillion trillion
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04:41
trillion trillion trillion trillion
trillion trillion trillion trillionth.
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Mas mesmo esse número
04:46
(Laughter)
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04:47
But even that number
is minuscule compared to another number:
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é minúsculo comparado com outro número:
infinito.
04:53
infinity.
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Alguns físicos pensam que o contínuo espaço-tempo é literalmente infinito
04:54
Some physicists think the space-time
continuum is literally infinite
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e que contém um número infinito dos assim chamados universos de bolso
04:57
and that it contains an infinite number
of so-called pocket universes
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com propriedades variáveis.
05:01
with varying properties.
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Como vai seu cérebro?
05:03
How's your brain doing?
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A teoria quântica adiciona uma nova dobra.
05:05
Quantum theory adds a whole new wrinkle.
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05:07
I mean, the theory's been proven
true beyond all doubt,
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Quer dizer a teoria tem sido provada para além de toda dúvida,
mas interpretar isso é confuso,
05:09
but interpreting it is baffling,
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e alguns físicos pensam que você pode apenas desconfundi-la
05:11
and some physicists think
you can only un-baffle it
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se você imaginar que imensos números de universos paralelos
05:15
if you imagine that huge numbers
of parallel universes
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estão sendo gerados nesse momento,
05:17
are being spawned every moment,
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e muitos desses universos seriam de fato assim como o que estamos,
05:20
and many of these universes would actually
be very like the world we're in,
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incluiria múltiplas cópias de você.
05:23
would include multiple copies of you.
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Em um universo você se formaria com honras
05:25
In one such universe,
you'd graduate with honors
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e casaria com a pessoa dos seus sonhos,
05:28
and marry the person of your dreams,
and in another, not so much.
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e noutro, nem tanto.
Bem, existem alguns cientistas que diriam, bobagem.
05:33
Well, there are still some scientists
who would say, hogwash.
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A única resposta que faz sentido a pergunta de quantos universos existem é um.
05:36
The only meaningful answer to the question
of how many universes there are is one.
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Apenas um universo.
05:40
Only one universe.
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E uns poucos filósofos e míticos
05:42
And a few philosophers
and mystics might argue
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argumentariam que mesmo o nosso próprio universo é uma ilusão.
05:45
that even our own universe is an illusion.
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Então como você pode ver, agora mesmo
05:49
So, as you can see, right now
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não há consenso sobre essa questão, nem mesmo próximo.
05:51
there is no agreement
on this question, not even close.
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Tudo o que sabemos é que a resposta é algo entre zero e o infinito.
e
05:54
All we know is the answer is somewhere
between zero and infinity.
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Bem, eu acho que nós sabemos uma outra coisa.
05:59
Well, I guess we know one other thing.
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Esse é um tempo muito legal pra estudar física.
06:01
This is a pretty cool time
to be studying physics.
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06:05
We just might be undergoing
the biggest paradigm shift in knowledge
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Devemos estar beirando uma grande virada no paradigma do conhecimento
que a humanidade jamais viu.
06:08
that humanity has ever seen.
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06:10
(Music)
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(Música)
06:14
[Why can't we see evidence of alien life?]
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Em algum lugar lá fora no vasto universo
06:17
Somewhere out there in that vast universe
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deve haver incontáveis outros planetas pulsando com vida.
06:20
there must surely be countless
other planets teeming with life.
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Mas porque não temos evidência disso?
06:23
But why don't we see any evidence of it?
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Bem, essa foi uma famosa questão feita por Enrico Fermi em 1950:
06:27
Well, this is the famous question
asked by Enrico Fermi in 1950:
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Onde está todo mundo?
06:30
Where is everybody?
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Teóricos conspiratórios dizem que UFOs estão nos visitando todo o tempo
06:33
Conspiracy theorists claim that UFOs
are visiting all the time
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e os relatos têm sido apenas encobertos, mas honestamente, eles não são muito convincentes.
06:36
and the reports are just being covered up,
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06:39
but honestly, they aren't very convincing.
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Mas isso deixa a real dúvida.
06:41
But that leaves a real riddle.
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No ano passado, o observatório espacial Kepler
06:44
In the past year,
the Kepler space observatory
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achou milhares de planetas junto á estrelas próximas
06:47
has found hundreds of planets
just around nearby stars.
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e se você extrapola aqueles dados,
06:50
And if you extrapolate that data,
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parece que poderia haver meio trilhão de planetas
06:52
it looks like there could
be half a trillion planets
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apenas na nossa galaxia.
06:55
just in our own galaxy.
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E se um em 10,000 tivesse condições
06:58
If any one in 10,000 has conditions
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de suportar formas de vida, isto deixaria ainda
07:00
that might support a form of life,
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07:03
that's still 50 million possible
life-harboring planets
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50 milhões de possíveis planetas que abrigam vida
07:06
right here in the Milky Way.
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aqui mesmo na Via Láctea
Então aqui está a resposta: nossa terra não se formou
07:08
So here's the riddle:
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07:10
our Earth didn't form
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até nove bilhões de anos depois do Big Bang.
07:11
until about nine billion years
after the Big Bang.
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Incontáveis outros planetas devem ter se formado em nossa galáxia antes,
07:15
Countless other planets in our galaxy
should have formed earlier,
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e dado à vida chance para seguir
07:19
and given life a chance to get underway
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por bilhões, ou certamente milhões,
07:21
billions, or certainly many millions
of years earlier than happened on Earth.
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de anos antes que acontecesse na Terra.
Se apenas alguns deles geraram vida inteligente
07:27
If just a few of them
had spawned intelligent life
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e começaram a criar tecnologias,
07:30
and started creating technologies,
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aquelas tecnologias teriam tido milhões de anos
07:32
those technologies would have
had millions of years
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para crescer em complexidade e poder.
07:35
to grow in complexity and power.
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Na Terra,
07:39
On Earth,
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nós vimos o quanto a tecnologia pode acelerar drasticamente
07:40
we've seen how dramatically
technology can accelerate
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em apenas 100 anos.
07:43
in just 100 years.
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Em milhões de anos, uma civilização inteligente
07:46
In millions of years,
an intelligent alien civilization
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poderia facilmente espalhar-se pela galáxia,
07:50
could easily have spread out
across the galaxy,
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talvez, criando artefatos coletores de energia gigantes
07:52
perhaps creating giant
energy-harvesting artifacts
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ou esquadas de espaçonaves colonizadoras
07:56
or fleets of colonizing spaceships
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ou gloriosos trabalhos de arte que preencheriam o céu.
07:59
or glorious works of art
that fill the night sky.
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E por último, você pensaria que eles
08:03
At the very least, you'd think
they'd be revealing their presence,
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revelariam sua presença, deliberadamente ou, de outra forma,
08:06
deliberately or otherwise,
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através de sinais eletromagnéticos de um tipo ou outro.
08:07
through electromagnetic signals
of one kind or another.
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E ainda assim não vemos nenhuma evidência convincente disso.
08:11
And yet we see no convincing
evidence of any of it.
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Porquê?
08:13
Why?
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08:16
Well, there are numerous possible answers,
some of them quite dark.
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Bem, existem numerosas possíveis respostas,
algumas muito obscuras.
Talvez uma única civilização super inteligente
08:21
Maybe a single,
superintelligent civilization
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08:24
has indeed taken over the galaxy
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já tenha tomado conta da galaxia e tenha imposto um silêncio de rádio estrito
08:27
and has imposed strict radio silence
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por causa da paranoia de qualquer competidor em potencial
08:29
because it's paranoid
of any potential competitors.
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Está apenas sentada pronta para obliterar
08:32
It's just sitting there
ready to obliterate
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qualquer coisa que se torne uma ameaça.
08:35
anything that becomes a threat.
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Ou talvez eles não sejam assim tão inteligentes,
08:39
Or maybe they're not that intelligent,
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ou talvez a evolução de uma inteligência
08:42
or perhaps the evolution
of an intelligence
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capaz de criar tecnologia sofisticada
08:44
capable of creating
sophisticated technology
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é muito mais rara do que havíamos assumido. Depois de tudo
08:47
is far rarer than we've assumed.
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08:49
After all, it's only happened once
on Earth in four billion years.
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aconteceu apenas uma vez na terra em quatro bilhões de anos.
Talvez até isso foi uma sorte incrível.
08:53
Maybe even that was incredibly lucky.
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Talvez nós somos a primeira civilização de nossa galáxia.
08:56
Maybe we are the first
such civilization in our galaxy.
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Ou, talvez
09:01
Or, perhaps civilization carries with it
the seeds of its own destruction
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a civilização carregue consigo as sementes de sua própria destruição
através da inabilidade de controlar as tecnologias que cria.
09:06
through the inability to control
the technologies it creates.
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Mas há muito mais respostas mais esperançosas.
09:11
But there are numerous
more hopeful answers.
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Para começar, não estamos procurando muito, e temos gasto apenas um pouco de dinheiro nisso.
09:13
For a start, we're not looking that hard,
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09:15
and we're spending
a pitiful amount of money on it.
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Apenas uma pequena fração das estrelas na nossa galaxia
09:18
Only a tiny fraction
of the stars in our galaxy
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tem sido realmente examinada de perto para sinais interessantes.
09:21
have really been looked at closely
for signs of interesting signals.
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E talvez não estamos examinando do modo certo.
09:26
And perhaps we're not looking
the right way.
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Talvez à medida que as civilizações se desenvolvem,
09:29
Maybe as civilizations develop,
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09:31
they quickly discover
communication technologies
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elas rapidamente descobrem tecnologias de comunicação
muito mais sofisticadas e úteis que ondas eletromagnéticas.
09:33
far more sophisticated and useful
than electromagnetic waves.
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Talvez toda essa ação ocorra dentro da misteriosa
09:38
Maybe all the action takes place
inside the mysterious
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recem descoberta, matéria negra
09:41
recently discovered dark matter,
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ou energia negra, que parece dar conta da maioria da massa do universo.
09:43
or dark energy, that appear to account
for most of the universe's mass.
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Ou,
talvez, estejamos examinando na escala errada.
09:49
Or, maybe we're looking
at the wrong scale.
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09:52
Perhaps intelligent
civilizations come to realize
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Talvez civilizações inteligentes tenham concluído
09:55
that life is ultimately
just complex patterns of information
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que a vida é em último caso apenas padrões complexos de informação
interagindo uns com outros de modo belo
09:57
interacting with each other
in a beautiful way,
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e isso pode ocorrer de forma mais eficiente numa escala menor.
10:00
and that that can happen more
efficiently at a small scale.
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Então, assim como na terra, estéreos têm encolhido
10:03
So, just as on Earth,
clunky stereo systems have shrunk
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2597
10:06
to beautiful, tiny iPods,
maybe intelligent life itself,
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para bonitos, pequenos iPods, talvez, a vida inteligente em si,
10:09
in order to reduce its footprint
on the environment,
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para reduzir sua pisada ecológica, tornou-se microscópica.
10:11
has turned itself microscopic.
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1943
Então o sistema solar deve estar pulsando com vida alienígena e não percebemos.
10:13
So the Solar System
might be teeming with aliens,
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10:16
and we're just not noticing them.
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Talvez as próprias ideias e nossas cabeças são uma forma de vida alienígena.
10:17
Maybe the very ideas in our heads
are a form of alien life.
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Bem, ok, esse é um pensamento louco.
10:21
Well, okay, that's a crazy thought.
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O alienígenas me fizeram dizê-lo.
10:24
The aliens made me say it.
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Mas o legal que as ideias parecem ter vida em si mesmas
10:26
But it is cool that ideas do seem
to have a life all of their own
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e elas superam seus criadores.
10:30
and that they outlive their creators.
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Talvez vida biológica seja apenas uma fase de passagem.
10:33
Maybe biological life
is just a passing phase.
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3323
Bem, dentro dos próximos 15 anos,
10:39
Well, within the next 15 years,
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1517
10:41
we could start seeing
real spectroscopic information
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poderemos começar a ver informação espectroscópica real
10:44
from promising nearby planets
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1810
de promissores planetas próximos que revelarão o quão amigáveis são para a vida
10:45
that will reveal just
how life-friendly they might be.
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2536
E enquanto isso, SETI, Procura por Inteligência Extra Terrestre
10:48
And meanwhile, SETI, the Search
for Extraterrestrial Intelligence,
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3582
10:52
is now releasing its data to the public
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está publicando seus dados
10:54
so that millions of citizen scientists,
maybe including you,
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assim milhões de cientistas, talvez incluindo você,
10:57
can bring the power of the crowd
to join the search.
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podem trazer o poder das massas para ingressar na busca.
E aqui na terra, experimentos incríveis
11:00
And here on Earth, amazing experiments
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2014
estão sendo feitos para criar vida do zero,
11:02
are being done to try
to create life from scratch,
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11:05
life that might be very different
from the DNA forms we know.
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vida que deveria ser bem diferente das formas de DNA que conhecemos.
Isso nos ajudará a entender
11:09
All of this will help us understand
whether the universe is teeming with life
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4656
se o universo está vibrando com vida
11:14
or whether, indeed, it's just us.
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3828
ou se, de fato, somos apenas nós.
Seja qual for a resposta, ao seu próprio modo,
11:19
Either answer, in its own way,
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2485
é inspiradora,
11:22
is awe-inspiring,
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porque mesmo se estivermos sozinhos,
11:25
because even if we are alone,
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11:27
the fact that we think and dream
and ask these questions
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o fato de pensarmos e sonharmos estas questões
acabe sendo um dos mais importantes fatos sobre o universo.
11:31
might yet turn out to be
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11:33
one of the most important facts
about the universe.
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E eu tenho mais algumas boas notícias para você.
11:36
And I have one more piece
of good news for you.
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A busca por conhecimento e compreensão nunca fica chata.
11:39
The quest for knowledge
and understanding never gets dull.
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Nunca. De fato, é o oposto.
11:41
It doesn't. It's actually the opposite.
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11:44
The more you know,
the more amazing the world seems.
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Quanto mais você sabe, mais incrível o mundo parece.
E são as possibilidades malucas, as perguntas não respondidas,
11:47
And it's the crazy possibilities,
the unanswered questions,
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que nos empurram para a frente.
11:51
that pull us forward.
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Então permaneça curioso.
11:52
So stay curious.
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Translated by Rogerio Lourenco
Reviewed by Wanderley Jesus

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com