ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dina Katabi - Technologist
Dina Katabi investigates how AI can make wireless devices sense human motion and vital signs.

Why you should listen

Dina Katabi designs new wireless devices that use machine learning to sense people through walls and occlusions. Her devices look like a Wi-Fi box. They transmit a low-power wireless signal and capture its reflections as it bounces off people and objects. They analyze those reflections to learn how people walk, measure their gait and detect elderly falls. The device can also measure a person's breathing, heart rate and sleep quality using wireless signals, without any sensor on the person's body. Katabi is working with medical doctors to use her technology to detect health emergencies and provide a better understanding of chronic diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. 

Katabi is the Andrew & Erna Viterbi Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT. She is also the director of the MIT's Center for Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship. Her research has been recognized by the ACM Prize in Computing, the ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award, the SIGCOMM Test-of-Time Award, the IEEE William R. Bennett prize, the Faculty Research Innovation Fellowship, a Sloan Fellowship and multiple best paper awards. Several startups have been spun out of her lab, such as PiCharging and Emerald.

More profile about the speaker
Dina Katabi | Speaker | TED.com
TED2018

Dina Katabi: A new way to monitor vital signs (that can see through walls)

迪娜 · 卡塔比: 一种(可穿透墙壁)监测生命体征的全新方式

Filmed:
1,513,020 views

在麻省理工学院,迪娜 · 卡塔比和她的团队正在研发一种不需要使用笨重的仪器就可监测病人生命体征的新方式,无论是在家中还是在医院,甚至隔着墙壁也可以使用。通过这次开阔眼界的演讲和演示,卡塔碧展示了一项早期研究成果,可以捕捉像Wi-Fi一样被人体反射的无线信号,为病人和医护人员提供一个稳定的生命体征监控记录。在之后与TED策展人——海伦 · 沃尔特斯的提问环节中,卡塔比还讨论了已经被研发出来,可以防止任何人滥用此项科技的保护措施。
- Technologist
Dina Katabi investigates how AI can make wireless devices sense human motion and vital signs. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
When I was a kid孩子,
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当我还是个孩子的时候,
00:14
I was, like many许多 of you in this room房间,
very much fascinated入迷 by Star Wars战争,
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同房间里的很多人一样,
很喜欢星球大战,
00:19
and what fascinated入迷 me the most
is this notion概念 of the Force,
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其中最令我着迷的,
是这个原力的概念,
00:23
this energy能源 that connects所连接
all people and all objects对象
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这股能量可以将所有
人和物体联系起来,
00:26
and allows允许 you to feel people
that you can't even see.
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并且可以让你感受到
那些你看不见的人。
00:30
And I remember记得 many许多 nights,
I would be sitting坐在 at home,
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记得很多个深夜里,
我坐在家中,
00:33
just, like, concentrating集中 and focusing调焦,
trying to feel the Force,
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尝试集中精力去感受这股原力,
00:38
and I didn't feel anything, don't worry担心.
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不过你们放心,
我没感受到任何东西。
00:41
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
00:43
And later后来 in life, I became成为 a scientist科学家.
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在我长大之后,
我成为了一名科学家。
00:45
I joined加盟 the MITMIT faculty学院
and started开始 working加工 on wireless无线 signals信号.
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我进入了麻省理工学院,
开始无线信号方面的研究。
00:51
These are things like Wi-Fi无线上网
or cellular细胞的 systems系统,
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我在像 Wi-Fi,蜂窝网络
这样的领域投入了很多精力。
00:54
and I did a lot of work in that domain.
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00:57
But then, again, this Force thing
kept不停 nagging唠叨 me,
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但对于“原力”的念想
仍然徘徊在我的脑海中,
某一天,我突然想到,
01:02
and at some point, I was just like,
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"对了,这些无线电信号,
不就像是电影中的原力吗?”
01:04
"Wait a minute分钟, these wireless无线 signals信号 --
they are like the Force."
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如果你思考一下,
01:08
So if you think about it,
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这些无线信号穿梭在空间里,
01:09
wireless无线 signals信号,
they travel旅行 through通过 space空间,
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它们中的一部分穿过障碍物,
墙壁和闭塞的区域,
01:12
they go through通过 obstacles障碍
and walls墙壁 and occlusions闭塞,
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另一部分
01:16
and some of them,
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则从我们身上反射,
因为我们身体中充满了水,
01:17
they reflect反映 off our bodies身体,
because our bodies身体 are full充分 of water,
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有些信号在反射之后,
01:21
and some of these minute分钟 reflections思考,
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又反射回来。
01:23
they come back.
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如果,我能有一个仪器
可以捕捉到这些反射,
01:25
And if, just if, I had a device设备 that can
just sense these minute分钟 reflections思考,
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那么我就能够感知到
那些我看不见的人了。
01:32
then I would be able能够 to feel people
that I cannot不能 see.
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01:36
So I started开始 working加工 with my students学生们
on building建造 such这样 a device设备,
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于是,我和我的学生们就开始
研发这样的一个仪器,
我想给你们展示一些早期的成果。
01:40
and I want to show显示 you
some of our early results结果.
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01:44
So here, you see my student学生 standing常设,
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在这里,你们可以看到
我的学生站在白线圈中心,
这是我们的仪器。
01:46
and here is our device设备.
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我们把仪器放在了
一墙之隔的另一间办公室里,
01:48
And we are going to put the device设备
in the other office办公室, behind背后 the wall,
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我们将用仪器
来检测他的移动轨迹。
01:54
and we are going
to monitor监控 him as he moves移动.
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这个红点代表无线信号
追踪到的他的位置。
01:57
This red dot is tracking追踪 him
using运用 wireless无线 signals信号.
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02:02
And as you can see, the red dot
is tracking追踪 his movements运动 very accurately准确,
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你们可以从屏幕上看到,
红点可以准确地展示他的运动轨迹,
而这种监测完全依赖身边的
无线信号和他身体接触的情况。
02:07
purely纯粹 based基于 on how his body身体 interacts交互
with the surrounding周围 wireless无线 signals信号.
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02:13
Pretty漂亮 accurate准确, isn't it?
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相当准确,不是吗?
02:16
He has no wearables穿戴式设备, nothing.
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而且他的身上没有任何穿戴式设备。
02:18
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
你可能会感到好奇,
02:21
Now you might威力 be wondering想知道,
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为什么我们可以完全不用
穿戴式设备,并且隔着墙
02:23
how is it possible可能
that we can sense people
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来感知和追踪人体呢,
02:26
and track跟踪 them, without
any wearables穿戴式设备, through通过 walls墙壁,
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最简单的类比就是雷达。
02:30
and the easiest最简单的 analogy比喻
to think about is radar雷达.
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我相信很多人都
看过这样的图片。
02:33
I'm sure many许多 of you
have seen看到 this picture图片.
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当你发射无线信号到空中,
02:35
You transmit发送 a wireless无线 signal信号 to the sky天空,
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它被飞机反射回来,
02:37
it reflects反映 off some airplane飞机,
comes back to you,
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你就可以检测到飞机了。
02:40
and you start开始 detecting检测 these airplanes飞机.
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02:44
But if it were just radar雷达,
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但如果仅仅是利用了雷达的工作原理,
我们50年前就应该有这种技术了。
02:46
then we would have this 50 years年份 ago.
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02:49
So it's not just radar雷达.
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所以我们研发的
仪器不仅仅是雷达。
它和雷达有两个关键的不同点。
02:51
There are two key differences分歧.
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02:54
So the first difference区别, of course课程 --
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第一个不同点,毋庸置疑,
你不能像雷达一样,随便就
向人体发射高强度的无线电波。
02:56
you can't, like radar雷达, just blast爆破
wireless无线 power功率 at somebody.
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那么做就等同于是
把人放进了微波炉。
02:59
You're going to fry them
like if they were in a microwave微波.
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切记不要那么做。
03:02
Don't do that.
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03:04
So it means手段 that you have to be able能够
to deal合同 with very weak signals信号,
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我们面临的问题是,这个仪器
必须能接收很弱的信号,
这就意味着,这个仪器
必须非常的灵敏。
03:09
and that means手段 that your device设备
has to be very sensitive敏感.
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03:14
The second第二 difference区别 is that,
unlike不像 the sky天空, where it's empty --
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第二个不同点,这个仪器的检测空间
不像是天空,空无一物,
如果你很幸运,空中只有一架飞机,
你就可以轻松地跟踪到它。
03:18
if you are lucky幸运, there is one airplane飞机
that you can catch抓住 there.
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但是看看现在这个房间,
03:21
Like, look at the room房间
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有那么多人和物品。
03:22
and look how many许多 objects对象
and people there are.
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在一个室内的环境下,
信号不仅会被监测对象反射,
03:25
So in indoor室内 environments环境, the signal信号
not only reflects反映 off the person,
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还会被地面,天花板
03:29
if reflects反映 off the person,
off the floor地板, the ceiling天花板,
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和身边的其他人反射回来,
03:33
off other people around,
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仪器会接收到非常
复杂的反射信号,
03:35
and you get very complex复杂 reflections思考
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因为同一个信号会在你我之间,
03:37
where the same相同 signal信号 reflects反映
off me and then off you,
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天花板、地面等等
物体之间来回反射。
03:40
and then off the ceiling天花板,
then off the floor地板.
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我们必须能够理解这杂乱的信号。
03:42
And you have to make sense of that mess食堂.
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03:47
But we were lucky幸运.
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但我们还挺幸运的,
在万事俱备的时代开始了这项研究。
03:49
We were coming未来 at the right time.
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03:53
So two things helped帮助 us.
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有两项技术帮助了我们。
首先是无线电技术,
03:55
The first thing is radiotechnologiesradiotechnologies
have evolved进化 a lot,
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它在近十年来进化了很多,
03:59
and over the last decade,
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正是得益于无线电
技术变得更加强大,
04:01
radio无线电 technology技术
became成为 much more powerful强大,
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我们才可以制造出非常灵敏的,
04:03
so we were able能够 to build建立
very sensitive敏感 radios收音机
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可以监测到极弱射频信号的仪器。
04:07
that can sense weak and minute分钟 RFRF signals信号.
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04:11
The second第二 thing: machine learning学习.
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第二项技术是:机器学习。
你或许经常听到机器学习,
04:14
So you keep hearing听力 about machine learning学习
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在近期,机器学习技术
在深度学习这方面
04:16
and there was a revolution革命
of machine learning学习 recently最近,
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又提升到了一个更高的层次,
04:19
in deep learning学习,
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这使得我们有能力去建造一个
04:20
and that allowed允许 us to build建立
machine-learning机器学习 models楷模
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可以理解并分析无线
信号的机器学习模型,
04:24
that can understand理解 wireless无线 signals信号
and interpret them
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它可以理解在特定
环境下发生了什么。
04:28
so they would know what happened发生
in the environment环境.
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所以想想看,无线电
就像是我们仪器的耳朵,
04:31
So if you think of it,
the radio无线电 is like the ear of our device设备
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而机器学习就像是它的大脑,
04:35
and the machine learning学习
is like the brain,
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两者的结合让仪器变得非常强大。
04:38
and together一起, they have
a very powerful强大 device设备.
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04:44
So what else其他 can we sense about people
using运用 wireless无线 signals信号?
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那么我们还可以用这无线信号
去感知人的什么状态呢?
04:50
Sleep睡觉.
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睡眠。
睡眠实际上是
我尤为珍惜的事情,
04:51
Sleep睡觉, actually其实, is something
very dear to my heart,
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因为我的睡眠状况惨不忍睹。
04:54
because my sleep睡觉 is a disaster灾害.
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(笑声)
04:56
(Laughter笑声)
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当你开始研究生理信号,
04:57
So one thing is when you start开始 working加工
on some physiological生理 signal信号
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会发现自己的生理状况一团糟。
05:00
and you discover发现 that yours你的 sucks.
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05:03
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
05:07
So you can see why we can capture捕获 sleep睡觉,
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你可以看到我们
是如何捕捉睡眠的,
因为我们的仪器可以感知
受监测的人什么时候走向了床,
05:09
because the person walks散步 and the device设备
sees看到 him as he walks散步 to bed,
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什么时候在床上停止了活动,
05:12
when he stops停止 tossing折腾 around in bed,
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和什么时候受监测人离开了床,
05:15
when he steps脚步 out of bed,
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这种记录睡眠的方式也是
人们所说的“活动记录”。
05:16
and that measure测量 of sleep睡觉
is what people call actigraphy腕动计.
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这是一种以活动为基础的记录方式。
05:20
It's based基于 on motion运动.
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05:23
But it turned转身 out
that we can actually其实 get sleep睡觉
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但实际上,我们可以更加深入地
监测睡眠活动。
05:26
at a much more important重要 level水平.
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我们可以通过仪器来理解
05:28
We can understand理解
the change更改 in the brain waves波浪
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人在睡眠时脑电波的变化。
05:32
that occur发生 during sleep睡觉.
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05:35
So, many许多 of you probably大概 know
that as we go to sleep睡觉,
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很多人应该会了解,
在我们睡觉的时候,
脑电波会随着我们进入
不同的睡眠状态而改变:
05:38
our brainwaves脑电波 change更改
and we enter输入 different不同 stages阶段:
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醒着、浅睡期、深度睡眠
和快速眼动期各不相同。
05:41
awake苏醒, light sleep睡觉, deep sleep睡觉
and REMREM, or rapid快速 eye movement运动.
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05:46
These stages阶段 are of course课程
related有关 to sleep睡觉 disorders障碍,
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这些不同阶段的特征
不仅能反映出睡眠障碍,
更与多种不同的疾病相关联。
05:50
but they are also related有关
to various各个 diseases疾病.
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比如说,快速动眼期存在干扰
往往与抑郁症有关。
05:53
So for example, disturbances骚乱 in REMREM
are associated相关 with depression萧条.
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05:59
Disturbances扰动 in deep sleep睡觉
are associated相关 with Alzheimer's老年痴呆症.
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深度睡眠期存在干扰往往与
阿兹海默症(老年痴呆症)有关。
06:04
So if you want to get sleep睡觉 staging分期,
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通常如果你想知道
自己在各阶段的睡眠状况,
你需要去大型医院,
06:07
today今天, you will send发送 the person
to the hospital醫院,
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医护人员会将很多电极
连接到你的身上,
06:09
they put all of these
electrodes电极 on their head,
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并且让你连着那些电极睡觉。
06:12
and they ask them to sleep睡觉 like that.
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(笑声)
06:13
(Laughter笑声)
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这实在不是一个愉快的经历。
06:16
It's not really a happy快乐 experience经验.
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06:20
So what if I tell you
that I can do the same相同 thing
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但现在如果我告诉你,
我们可以不用在你身上贴电极
就可以监测你的各个
睡眠阶段的状况,听起来如何?
06:23
but without any of these electrodes电极
on the person's人的 body身体?
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06:27
So here is our device设备,
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这是我们的仪器,
它会发射低能无线信号,
06:29
transmitting发射 very low power功率
wireless无线 signal信号,
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并且用人工智能分析信号的反射,
06:32
analyzes分析 the reflections思考 using运用 AIAI
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辨认出你在整晚不同的睡眠阶段。
06:34
and spits吐奶 out the sleep睡觉 stages阶段
throughout始终 the night.
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06:38
So we know, for example,
when this person is dreaming做梦.
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由此我们可以知道,
例如说这个人什么时候在做梦。
06:44
Not just that ...
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不仅如此,
06:46
we can even get your breathing呼吸
while you are sitting坐在 like that,
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当你像画面中的人
一样坐着的时候,
它可以在不接触你的状态下
监测你的呼吸。
06:49
and without touching接触 you.
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你可以看到他在坐着看书,
06:51
So he is sitting坐在 and reading
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这些曲线波动是他在吸气,呼气。
06:53
and this is his inhales吸入, exhales呼气.
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我们让他屏住呼吸,
06:55
We asked him to hold保持 his breath呼吸,
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你可以看到信号停留
在了一个稳定的水平
06:58
and you see the signal信号
staying at a steady稳定 level水平
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因为他呼出了气,
07:00
because he exhaled呼出.
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没有再吸气。
07:02
He did not inhale吸入.
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07:05
And I want to zoom放大 in on the signal信号.
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现在我放大来看这些信号,
这些是和以前一样的信号。
07:07
And this is the same相同 signal信号 as before.
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这些是吸气的时候,
07:09
These are the inhales吸入,
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这些是呼气的时候。
07:11
these are the exhales呼气.
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你看到这些信号上的小波动了吗?
07:13
And you see these blips光点 on the signal信号?
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它们并不是噪音。
07:15
These are not noise噪声.
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07:17
They are his heartbeats心跳.
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那是他的心跳。
07:19
And you can see them beat击败 by beat击败.
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你可以看到心脏的每一次跳动,
07:23
So I want to stop here for a moment时刻
and show显示 you a live生活 demo演示.
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我想暂停一下讲解,
来给你们做一个现场演示。
扎克会帮助我做这个演示,
07:27
Zach扎克 is going to help me with the demo演示,
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我们将在这里直接用我们的仪器
来监测扎克的呼吸。
07:29
and we're going to use the device设备
to monitor监控 Zach's扎克的 breathing呼吸.
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07:35
So this white白色 box
that you see here is the device设备,
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这个白色的盒子里
装着我们的仪器,
扎克正在将它的电源打开,
07:39
and Zach扎克 is turning车削 it on ...
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07:43
and I see that he breathes吐气 well.
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让我们看看他的呼吸怎么样。
我们正在做和之前视频中
完全一样的事情,
07:46
So we're going to do exactly究竟 what we did
in the video视频 with the other guy,
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当无线信号传播过来的时候,
07:50
so the wireless无线 signal信号 is going through通过,
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会接触扎克的身体,
07:53
it's touching接触 Zach's扎克的 body身体,
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然后反射回仪器中,
07:55
and it's reflecting反映 back to the device设备,
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我们用这反射信号
来监测他的呼吸活动。
07:57
and we want to monitor监控 his breathing呼吸,
his inhale-exhale吸气-呼气 motion运动.
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我们可以在这儿看到他的呼吸,
08:00
So we see the inhales吸入, exhales呼气 --
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这些上下浮动的曲线
就是扎克的呼吸。
08:03
so see, these upsUPS and downs起伏
are Zach扎克 breathing呼吸.
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08:10
Inhaling吸入, exhaling呼气.
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吸气,呼气。
(掌声)
08:12
(Applause掌声)
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看来他呼吸得不错。
08:17
So, he can breathe呼吸.
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(笑声)
08:20
(Laughter笑声)
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扎克,可以请你屏住呼吸一会儿么?
08:21
Zach扎克, can you hold保持 your breath呼吸, please?
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08:25
OK, so now he's holding保持 his breath呼吸,
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好的,他现在屏住了呼吸,
那么你可以看到信号
停留在了一个稳定的水平,
08:28
so you see the signal信号 stays入住
at a steady稳定 level水平,
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还有这些是他的心跳。
08:30
and these are his heartbeats心跳.
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砰,砰,砰,砰,砰。
08:32
Beat击败, beat击败, beat击败, beat击败, beat击败.
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(掌声)
08:35
(Applause掌声)
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谢谢你扎克,
你可以正常呼吸了。
08:36
OK, Zach扎克, you can breathe呼吸 again.
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(笑声)
08:38
(Laughter笑声)
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我们可不想让他在台上缺氧。
08:40
We don't want accidents事故 here.
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(笑声)
08:42
(Laughter笑声)
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好的,谢谢你。
08:43
OK, thank you.
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(掌声)
08:45
(Applause掌声)
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那么你可以看到,我们的这个仪器
08:51
So as you can see, we have this device设备
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可以监测很多生理信号,
08:54
that can monitor监控 so many许多
physiological生理 signals信号 for you,
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最特别的是,
08:58
and what is really interesting有趣
about this device设备
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这个仪器不需要连接
任何配戴式设备,
09:01
is that it does all this
without any wearables穿戴式设备,
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也不需要让被监测者
改变他的日常行为,
09:03
without asking the person
to change更改 his behavior行为
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不需要穿戴任何东西,也不需要充电。
09:06
or to wear穿 anything
or charge收费 anything special特别.
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09:09
And that got doctors医生 very excited兴奋,
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这令医生们十分感兴趣,
因为医生们
09:12
because doctors医生,
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一直想要了解更多
他们病人的体征信息,
09:13
they always want to know
more information信息 about their patients耐心,
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特别是那些患有慢性疾病的人
09:16
particularly尤其 at home,
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在家中的状态,尤其像一些肺部疾病,
09:18
and this is particularly尤其 true真正
in chronic慢性 diseases疾病,
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比如说COPD (慢阻肺),
09:20
like pulmonary肺的 diseases疾病, like COPD慢性阻塞性肺病,
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或是心脏衰竭,阿兹海默症,
甚至是抑郁症。
09:24
or heart failure失败 or Alzheimer's老年痴呆症
and even depression萧条.
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所有这类慢性疾病都不容忽视。
09:29
All of these chronic慢性 diseases疾病
are very important重要.
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实际上,你可能知道,
09:31
In fact事实 -- perhaps也许 you know --
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美国三分之二的医疗支出
09:34
two-thirds三分之二 of the cost成本
of health健康 care关心 in the US
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都源于慢性疾病。
09:37
is due应有 to chronic慢性 diseases疾病.
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09:39
But what is really interesting有趣
about chronic慢性 diseases疾病
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但慢性疾病真正麻烦的是,
比如说一个人的健康问题,
09:42
is that when the person, for example,
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已经发展到需要去医院
或是急症室的时候,
09:43
has a problem问题 that leads引线
to the hospital醫院 and the emergency room房间,
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这些疾病并不是一晚上发展出来的。
09:48
this problem问题 doesn't happen发生 overnight过夜.
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这些慢性疾病都是渐渐发展的。
09:51
Actually其实, things happen发生 gradually逐渐.
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那么当我们可以在慢性疾病
患者家中对其进行检测,
09:53
So if we can monitor监控
chronic慢性 disease疾病 patients耐心 in their home,
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我们就可以及时发现病人在呼吸、心率、
身体机能、睡眠等方面的异常,
09:56
we can detect检测 changes变化 in their breathing呼吸,
heartbeat心跳, mobility流动性, sleep睡觉 --
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从而在紧急情况发生之前,
10:01
and we can detect检测 emergencies紧急情况
before they occur发生
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尽早地通知医生进行干预,
10:05
and have the doctor医生 intervene干预 earlier
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这样我们就可以避免住院治疗。
10:07
so that we can avoid避免 hospitalization住院治疗.
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10:10
And indeed确实, today今天 we are working加工
with multiple doctors医生
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如今,我们已经在与多名医生合作,
对不同的疾病类型进行研究。
10:14
in different不同 disease疾病 categories类别.
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我对此真的非常兴奋,
10:16
So I'm really excited兴奋
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因为我们已经开始使用
仪器监测很多病人了。
10:17
because we have deployed部署 the device设备
with many许多 patients耐心.
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比如说我们在监测慢阻肺患者,
10:20
We have deployed部署 the device设备
with patients耐心 that have COPD慢性阻塞性肺病,
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慢阻肺是一种肺部疾病,
10:24
which哪一个 is a pulmonary肺的 disease疾病,
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阿兹海默症患者,
10:25
patients耐心 that have Alzheimer's老年痴呆症,
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抑郁症与焦虑症患者,
10:27
patients耐心 that have depression萧条 and anxiety焦虑
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还有一些帕金森患者。
10:29
and people that have Parkinson's帕金森氏.
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10:32
And we are working加工 with the doctors医生
on improving提高 their life,
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我们在和医生们一起努力,
去了解这些疾病的成因,
去改善这些病人的生活。
10:35
understanding理解 the disease疾病 better.
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10:38
So when I started开始, I told you
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在我演讲的最开始,
我告诉过你们,
我对星球大战非常的着迷,
尤其是星球大战里的原力,
10:41
that I'm really fascinated入迷 with Star Wars战争
and the Force in Star Wars战争,
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实际上,随着我一点点长大,
10:46
and indeed确实, I'm still
very much fascinated入迷,
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甚至现在,我依然对其非常着迷,
10:50
even now, as a grown-up长大, with Star Wars战争,
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2006
10:52
waiting等候 for the next下一个 movie电影.
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期待着星球大战的下一部巨作。
但是我现在对新的原力更加着迷,
10:54
But I'm very fascinated入迷 now and excited兴奋
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对无线信号的力量,
10:59
about this new Force of wireless无线 signals信号,
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以及新的原力可能改变
现有医疗现状的潜力。
11:03
and the potential潜在 of changing改变
health健康 care关心 with this new force.
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现在配备有我们仪器的病人
之一是我的姑妈。
11:07
One of the patients耐心 with whom
we deployed部署 is actually其实 my aunt姑妈.
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她患有心力衰竭,
11:10
She has heart failure失败,
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我相信很多在座的听众,
11:12
and I'm sure many许多 of you guys
in the audience听众
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你们的父母,祖父母,或是
所爱之人当中有人患有慢性疾病。
11:16
have parents父母, grandparents祖父母,
loved喜爱 ones那些 who have chronic慢性 diseases疾病.
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我希望让你们和我一起
想象一下这个未来,
11:21
So I want you to imagine想像 with me a future未来
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在每一个病人的家中,
11:24
where in every一切 home
that has a chronic慢性 disease疾病 patient患者,
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有这样的一个仪器
11:26
there is a device设备 like this device设备
sitting坐在 in the background背景
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默默地监测病人的睡眠,呼吸,
11:30
and just monitoring监控 passively被动
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以及身体健康状况,
11:32
sleep睡觉, breathing呼吸, the health健康
of this chronic慢性 disease疾病 patient患者,
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它可以在紧急情况发生之前,
11:37
and before an emergency occurs发生,
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检测到病人的生理信号的异常,
11:39
it would detect检测 the degradation降解
in the physiological生理 signal信号
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并且向医生发出预警,
11:42
and alert警报 the doctor医生
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从而避免住院治疗。
11:43
so that we can avoid避免 hospitalization住院治疗.
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11:46
This can change更改 health健康 care关心
as we know it today今天,
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这可以大大地改善
现有的医疗状况,
让我们对慢性疾病
有更深层次的理解,
11:49
improve提高 how we understand理解
chronic慢性 diseases疾病
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并且救助很多的生命。
11:52
and also save保存 many许多 lives生活.
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谢谢。
11:54
Thank you.
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(掌声)
11:56
(Applause掌声)
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海伦 · 沃尔特斯:
“谢谢你,迪娜。
12:01
Helen海伦 Walters沃尔特斯: Dina迪娜, thank you so much.
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同样谢谢你,扎克。
12:03
Thank you too, Zach扎克.
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很高兴看到你还在正常呼吸。
12:04
So glad高兴 you're breathing呼吸.
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迪娜,这仪器非常的不可思议。
12:05
So Dina迪娜, this is amazing惊人.
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它积极的应用前景是不可估量的。
12:08
The positive applications应用 are incredible难以置信.
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我想问一下它的框架是什么?比如说,
使用此仪器需要遵从的道德框架?
12:11
What is the framework骨架, though虽然,
like the ethical合乎道德的 framework骨架 around this?
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你们有什么防范措施,
12:15
What are you doing to prevent避免
this technology技术 from being存在 used
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去防止别人不正当地使用这仪器呢?”
12:18
for other, perhaps也许 less positive
types类型 of applications应用?
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迪娜 · 卡塔比:“对,这确实是
一个非常重要的问题,
12:22
Dina迪娜 KatabiKatabi: Yeah, this is
a very important重要 question, of course课程,
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就像如果有人滥用,
12:25
like, what about misuse滥用,
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或是,像黑暗原力?“
12:26
or what about, I guess猜测 you could say,
about the Dark黑暗 Side of the Force?
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海伦 · 沃尔特斯:“对,是的。”
12:30
HWHW: Right, right.
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(笑声)
12:31
(Laughter笑声)
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迪娜:“我们实际上有开发一些技术,
12:33
DKDK: So we actually其实 have technologies技术
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去防止任何人使用此仪器
12:36
that prevent避免 people
from trying to use this device设备
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来监控未征得本人同意的个人。
12:41
to monitor监控 somebody without their consent同意.
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因为这个仪器能识别空间,
12:43
Because the device设备 understands理解 space空间,
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它会要求被监测人做出指定动作
12:45
it will ask you to prove证明,
by doing certain某些 movements运动,
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来向仪器证明你有
在此空间活动的权限,
12:49
that you have access访问 to the space空间
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以及你愿意被此仪器监控。
12:51
and you are the person
who you are asking the device设备 to monitor监控.
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所以从技术的层面来说,
12:54
So technology-wise技术智能,
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我们有这样的技术去防止滥用,
12:56
we have technology技术
that we integrate整合 to prevent避免 misuse滥用,
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但同时,我觉得就像其他事物一样,
需要特定的法规约束,
13:00
but also, I think there is a role角色
for policy政策, like everything else其他,
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希望在技术和法规的双重约束下,
我们可以控制住滥用。”
13:03
and hopefully希望, with the two of them,
we can control控制 any misuse滥用.
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海伦 · 沃尔特斯:
“太好了,谢谢你。”
13:09
HWHW: Amazing惊人. Thank you so much.
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迪娜:“谢谢你。”
13:10
DKDK: Thank you.
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(掌声)
13:12
(Applause掌声)
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Translated by He Huang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dina Katabi - Technologist
Dina Katabi investigates how AI can make wireless devices sense human motion and vital signs.

Why you should listen

Dina Katabi designs new wireless devices that use machine learning to sense people through walls and occlusions. Her devices look like a Wi-Fi box. They transmit a low-power wireless signal and capture its reflections as it bounces off people and objects. They analyze those reflections to learn how people walk, measure their gait and detect elderly falls. The device can also measure a person's breathing, heart rate and sleep quality using wireless signals, without any sensor on the person's body. Katabi is working with medical doctors to use her technology to detect health emergencies and provide a better understanding of chronic diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. 

Katabi is the Andrew & Erna Viterbi Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT. She is also the director of the MIT's Center for Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship. Her research has been recognized by the ACM Prize in Computing, the ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award, the SIGCOMM Test-of-Time Award, the IEEE William R. Bennett prize, the Faculty Research Innovation Fellowship, a Sloan Fellowship and multiple best paper awards. Several startups have been spun out of her lab, such as PiCharging and Emerald.

More profile about the speaker
Dina Katabi | Speaker | TED.com