TED2018
Dina Katabi: A new way to monitor vital signs (that can see through walls)
Dina Katabi: Un novo método de controlar os sinais vitais (que pode ver a través das paredes).
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No MIT, Dina Katabi e o seu equipo traballan nun novidoso e audaz modo de controlar os sinais vitais dos pacientes nun hospital (ou incluso na casa) sen avultados e ruidosos aparellos ou poñíbeis. E ademais: pode ver a través das paredes. Nunha charla e unha demostración demoledoras, Katabi amosa un sistema que captura as reflexións dos sinais sen fíos mentres rebota na xente, creando un rexistro fiábel das constantes para os traballadores sanitarios e os pacientes. Nunha breve rolda de preguntas coa moderadora TED Helen Walters, Katabi explica as salvagardas postas en marcha para evitar que esta tecnoloxía sexa usada para controlar a alguén sen o seu consentimento.
Dina Katabi - Technologist
Dina Katabi investigates how AI can make wireless devices sense human motion and vital signs. Full bio
Dina Katabi investigates how AI can make wireless devices sense human motion and vital signs. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
When I was a kid,
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Cando era nena
coma moitos de vós nesta sala,
00:14
I was, like many of you in this room,
very much fascinated by Star Wars,
very much fascinated by Star Wars,
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estaba moi fascinada por Star Wars.
00:19
and what fascinated me the most
is this notion of the Force,
is this notion of the Force,
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O que máis me fascinaba
era a noción da Forza.
era a noción da Forza.
00:23
this energy that connects
all people and all objects
all people and all objects
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Esa enerxía que conecta
todas as persoas e todas as cousas
todas as persoas e todas as cousas
00:26
and allows you to feel people
that you can't even see.
that you can't even see.
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e permíteche sentir xente
que nin sequera podes ver.
que nin sequera podes ver.
Recordo moitas noites, sentada na casa,
00:30
And I remember many nights,
I would be sitting at home,
I would be sitting at home,
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00:33
just, like, concentrating and focusing,
trying to feel the Force,
trying to feel the Force,
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concentrándome para sentir a Forza
00:38
and I didn't feel anything, don't worry.
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e non sentía nada de nada, non temades.
00:41
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
00:43
And later in life, I became a scientist.
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Máis tarde, convertinme nunha científica.
00:45
I joined the MIT faculty
and started working on wireless signals.
and started working on wireless signals.
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Uninme ao MIT e comecei a traballar
nos sinais sen fíos.
nos sinais sen fíos.
00:51
These are things like Wi-Fi
or cellular systems,
or cellular systems,
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Cousas coma as redes sen fíos
ou os sistemas móbiles.
ou os sistemas móbiles.
00:54
and I did a lot of work in that domain.
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Traballei arreo nese eido.
00:57
But then, again, this Force thing
kept nagging me,
kept nagging me,
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Mais o tema da Forza seguía a amolarme
01:02
and at some point, I was just like,
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e, nalgún momento, pensei:
01:04
"Wait a minute, these wireless signals --
they are like the Force."
they are like the Force."
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"Un momento, estes sinais sen fíos,
son coma a Forza."
son coma a Forza."
01:08
So if you think about it,
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Se o pensades
01:09
wireless signals,
they travel through space,
they travel through space,
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os sinais sen fíos
viaxan a través do espazo,
viaxan a través do espazo,
01:12
they go through obstacles
and walls and occlusions,
and walls and occlusions,
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atravesan obstáculos e muros e atrancos.
01:16
and some of them,
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Algúns deles
01:17
they reflect off our bodies,
because our bodies are full of water,
because our bodies are full of water,
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reflíctense no noso corpo
que está cheo de auga
que está cheo de auga
01:21
and some of these minute reflections,
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e algunhas destas diminutas reflexións
01:23
they come back.
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retornan.
01:25
And if, just if, I had a device that can
just sense these minute reflections,
just sense these minute reflections,
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E só con ter un aparello que detectase
esas ínfimas reflexións,
esas ínfimas reflexións,
01:32
then I would be able to feel people
that I cannot see.
that I cannot see.
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sería capaz de sentir persoas
que non podo ver.
que non podo ver.
Comecei a traballar cos meus estudantes
en construír ese aparello
en construír ese aparello
01:36
So I started working with my students
on building such a device,
on building such a device,
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01:40
and I want to show you
some of our early results.
some of our early results.
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e vouvos amosar
algúns dos nosos primeiros resultados.
algúns dos nosos primeiros resultados.
Aquí vedes o estudante de pé
01:44
So here, you see my student standing,
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01:46
and here is our device.
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e velaquí o dispositivo.
01:48
And we are going to put the device
in the other office, behind the wall,
in the other office, behind the wall,
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Imos poñer o dispositivo
na outra oficina, detrás do muro,
na outra oficina, detrás do muro,
e imos controlalo mentres se move.
01:54
and we are going
to monitor him as he moves.
to monitor him as he moves.
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01:57
This red dot is tracking him
using wireless signals.
using wireless signals.
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Este punto vermello está a seguilo
usando sinais sen fíos.
usando sinais sen fíos.
02:02
And as you can see, the red dot
is tracking his movements very accurately,
is tracking his movements very accurately,
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Como podedes ver, o punto vermello segue
os seus movementos con moita precisión,
os seus movementos con moita precisión,
02:07
purely based on how his body interacts
with the surrounding wireless signals.
with the surrounding wireless signals.
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baseándose soamente en como o corpo
interactúa cos sinais sen fíos do arredor.
interactúa cos sinais sen fíos do arredor.
02:13
Pretty accurate, isn't it?
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Bastante preciso, non é?
02:16
He has no wearables, nothing.
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Non leva ningún conector, nada.
02:18
(Applause)
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(Aplauso)
Agora debedes estar pensando
02:21
Now you might be wondering,
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02:23
how is it possible
that we can sense people
that we can sense people
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como é posíbel
que poidamos sentir a xente
que poidamos sentir a xente
02:26
and track them, without
any wearables, through walls,
any wearables, through walls,
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e rastrexala sen tecnoloxía poñíbel,
a través dos muros.
a través dos muros.
02:30
and the easiest analogy
to think about is radar.
to think about is radar.
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A analoxía máis simple
que me vén ao maxín é o radar.
que me vén ao maxín é o radar.
02:33
I'm sure many of you
have seen this picture.
have seen this picture.
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Seguro que moitos de vós vistes esta foto.
02:35
You transmit a wireless signal to the sky,
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Transmítese un sinal sen fíos ao ceo,
02:37
it reflects off some airplane,
comes back to you,
comes back to you,
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reflíctese nun avión, volve
02:40
and you start detecting these airplanes.
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e comezades a detectar eses avións.
Pero se fose tan só un radar,
02:44
But if it were just radar,
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02:46
then we would have this 50 years ago.
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existiría dende hai 50 anos.
02:49
So it's not just radar.
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Non é simplemente un radar.
02:51
There are two key differences.
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Hai dúas diferenzas significativas.
A primeira, por suposto,
02:54
So the first difference, of course --
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02:56
you can't, like radar, just blast
wireless power at somebody.
wireless power at somebody.
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é que non se pode, como un radar,
disparar sen máis unha carga eléctrica.
disparar sen máis unha carga eléctrica.
02:59
You're going to fry them
like if they were in a microwave.
like if they were in a microwave.
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Fritiríamolo
coma se estivese nun microondas.
coma se estivese nun microondas.
03:02
Don't do that.
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Non fagades iso.
Isto significa que tedes que ser quen
de apañarvos con sinais moi febles
de apañarvos con sinais moi febles
03:04
So it means that you have to be able
to deal with very weak signals,
to deal with very weak signals,
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03:09
and that means that your device
has to be very sensitive.
has to be very sensitive.
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e tamén, que o voso aparello
debe ser moi sensíbel.
debe ser moi sensíbel.
A segunda diferenza é que
o ceo está baleiro
o ceo está baleiro
03:14
The second difference is that,
unlike the sky, where it's empty --
unlike the sky, where it's empty --
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--se tedes sorte, haberá un avión
que podes cachar aí arriba.
que podes cachar aí arriba.
03:18
if you are lucky, there is one airplane
that you can catch there.
that you can catch there.
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03:21
Like, look at the room
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Pero mirade esta sala
03:22
and look how many objects
and people there are.
and people there are.
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e mirade cantos obxectos e persoas
hai aquí.
hai aquí.
03:25
So in indoor environments, the signal
not only reflects off the person,
not only reflects off the person,
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En espazos interiores,
o sinal non só se reflicte na persoa,
o sinal non só se reflicte na persoa,
03:29
if reflects off the person,
off the floor, the ceiling,
off the floor, the ceiling,
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reflíctese na persoa
e tamén no chan, no teito,
e tamén no chan, no teito,
03:33
off other people around,
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noutra xente darredor.
03:35
and you get very complex reflections
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Obtéñense unhas reflexións supercomplexas,
03:37
where the same signal reflects
off me and then off you,
off me and then off you,
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en que o mesmo sinal
se reflicte en ti e en min,
se reflicte en ti e en min,
03:40
and then off the ceiling,
then off the floor.
then off the floor.
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e volve outra vez ao teito e o chan.
03:42
And you have to make sense of that mess.
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E tes que darlle un senso
a toda esa enleada.
a toda esa enleada.
03:47
But we were lucky.
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Pero tivemos sorte.
03:49
We were coming at the right time.
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Chegamos no momento xusto.
03:53
So two things helped us.
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Axudáronnos dúas cousas.
03:55
The first thing is radiotechnologies
have evolved a lot,
have evolved a lot,
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A primeira é que as radiotecnoloxías
evolucionaron moito
evolucionaron moito
03:59
and over the last decade,
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e na última década
04:01
radio technology
became much more powerful,
became much more powerful,
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a radiotecnoloxía volveuse máis potente
04:03
so we were able to build
very sensitive radios
very sensitive radios
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polo que puidemos construír
radios máis sensíbeis
radios máis sensíbeis
04:07
that can sense weak and minute RF signals.
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que poden sentir sinais de radiofrecuencia
febles e ínfimos.
febles e ínfimos.
A segunda foi a aprendizaxe automática.
04:11
The second thing: machine learning.
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Ouvimos falar de seguido
da aprendizaxe automática
da aprendizaxe automática
04:14
So you keep hearing about machine learning
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04:16
and there was a revolution
of machine learning recently,
of machine learning recently,
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e houbo unha revolución
nese campo recentemente,
nese campo recentemente,
04:19
in deep learning,
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na aprendizaxe profunda,
04:20
and that allowed us to build
machine-learning models
machine-learning models
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e iso permitiunos construír
modelos de máquinas intelixentes
modelos de máquinas intelixentes
04:24
that can understand wireless signals
and interpret them
and interpret them
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que poden comprender
os sinais wifi e interpretalos
os sinais wifi e interpretalos
04:28
so they would know what happened
in the environment.
in the environment.
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de xeito que saiban o que sucede ao redor.
04:31
So if you think of it,
the radio is like the ear of our device
the radio is like the ear of our device
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Se o pensades,
a radio é coma o ouvido do noso aparello
a radio é coma o ouvido do noso aparello
04:35
and the machine learning
is like the brain,
is like the brain,
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e a aprendizaxe é coma o cerebro.
04:38
and together, they have
a very powerful device.
a very powerful device.
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Xuntos forman un potente dispositivo.
Que máis podemos sentir das persoas
mediante sinais sen fíos?
mediante sinais sen fíos?
04:44
So what else can we sense about people
using wireless signals?
using wireless signals?
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O sono.
04:50
Sleep.
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04:51
Sleep, actually, is something
very dear to my heart,
very dear to my heart,
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O sono, en realidade,
é algo moi prezado para min
é algo moi prezado para min
04:54
because my sleep is a disaster.
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porque o meu é unha desfeita.
04:56
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
04:57
So one thing is when you start working
on some physiological signal
on some physiological signal
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Cando comezas a traballar
nun sinal fisiolóxico
nun sinal fisiolóxico
05:00
and you discover that yours sucks.
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e descobres que o teu dá noxo.
05:03
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
05:07
So you can see why we can capture sleep,
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Podedes ver por que
podemos capturar o sono
podemos capturar o sono
05:09
because the person walks and the device
sees him as he walks to bed,
sees him as he walks to bed,
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porque a persoa camiña
e ségueo mentres vai para a cama,
e ségueo mentres vai para a cama,
05:12
when he stops tossing around in bed,
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cando para de dar voltas na cama,
05:15
when he steps out of bed,
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cando se ergue.
05:16
and that measure of sleep
is what people call actigraphy.
is what people call actigraphy.
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Esa medición do sono
é o que chamamos actigrafía.
é o que chamamos actigrafía.
05:20
It's based on motion.
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Está baseada no movemento.
05:23
But it turned out
that we can actually get sleep
that we can actually get sleep
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Pero resultou que podemos
chegar a ver o sono
chegar a ver o sono
05:26
at a much more important level.
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nun nivel moito máis importante.
05:28
We can understand
the change in the brain waves
the change in the brain waves
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Podemos comprender os cambios
das ondas cerebrais
das ondas cerebrais
05:32
that occur during sleep.
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que ocorren durante o sono.
05:35
So, many of you probably know
that as we go to sleep,
that as we go to sleep,
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Moitos de vós sabedes
sen dúbida, que cando imos durmir
sen dúbida, que cando imos durmir
05:38
our brainwaves change
and we enter different stages:
and we enter different stages:
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as ondas cerebrais cambian
e entramos en diferentes fases:
e entramos en diferentes fases:
05:41
awake, light sleep, deep sleep
and REM, or rapid eye movement.
and REM, or rapid eye movement.
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vixilia, sono lixeiro, profundo e MOR
ou movementos oculares rápidos.
ou movementos oculares rápidos.
05:46
These stages are of course
related to sleep disorders,
related to sleep disorders,
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Estas fases relaciónanse
con desordes do sono
con desordes do sono
05:50
but they are also related
to various diseases.
to various diseases.
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pero tamén con outras enfermidades.
05:53
So for example, disturbances in REM
are associated with depression.
are associated with depression.
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Por exemplo, as desordes no MOR
están relacionadas coa depresión.
están relacionadas coa depresión.
05:59
Disturbances in deep sleep
are associated with Alzheimer's.
are associated with Alzheimer's.
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Os desarranxos no sono profundo
están asociados co alzhéimer.
están asociados co alzhéimer.
06:04
So if you want to get sleep staging,
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Se queremos representar o sono
hoxe en día,
enviaríamos a persoa ao hospital,
enviaríamos a persoa ao hospital,
06:07
today, you will send the person
to the hospital,
to the hospital,
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poñeríanlle todos eses eléctrodos na testa
06:09
they put all of these
electrodes on their head,
electrodes on their head,
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e pediríanlle que durmise deste xeito.
06:12
and they ask them to sleep like that.
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06:13
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
06:16
It's not really a happy experience.
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Non é unha experiencia feliz.
06:20
So what if I tell you
that I can do the same thing
that I can do the same thing
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E se vos dixera que podemos
facer exactamente o mesmo
facer exactamente o mesmo
06:23
but without any of these electrodes
on the person's body?
on the person's body?
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pero sen todos eses eléctrodos no corpo?
06:27
So here is our device,
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Aquí temos o noso dispositivo,
06:29
transmitting very low power
wireless signal,
wireless signal,
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mediante a transmisión
de sinais sen fíos moi baixos
de sinais sen fíos moi baixos
06:32
analyzes the reflections using AI
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analiza as reflexións utilizando IA
06:34
and spits out the sleep stages
throughout the night.
throughout the night.
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e vai indicando as fases do sono
ao longo da noite.
ao longo da noite.
06:38
So we know, for example,
when this person is dreaming.
when this person is dreaming.
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Sabemos, por exemplo,
cando unha persoa está soñando.
cando unha persoa está soñando.
06:44
Not just that ...
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Non só iso.
Ata podemos gravar a vosa respiración
mentres estades aí sentados
mentres estades aí sentados
06:46
we can even get your breathing
while you are sitting like that,
while you are sitting like that,
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06:49
and without touching you.
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e sen tocarvos.
06:51
So he is sitting and reading
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Aquí está sentado lendo
06:53
and this is his inhales, exhales.
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e isto é a inhalación e expiración.
06:55
We asked him to hold his breath,
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Pedímoslle que contivese o alento
06:58
and you see the signal
staying at a steady level
staying at a steady level
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e podedes ver que o sinal
mantense nun nivel estábel
mantense nun nivel estábel
07:00
because he exhaled.
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porque só expirou.
07:02
He did not inhale.
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Non inhalou.
07:05
And I want to zoom in on the signal.
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Agora quero facer zoom no sinal.
07:07
And this is the same signal as before.
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É o mesmo sinal que antes.
07:09
These are the inhales,
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Estas son as inspiracións
07:11
these are the exhales.
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e estas as expiracións.
07:13
And you see these blips on the signal?
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E vedes esas pulsacións no sinal?
07:15
These are not noise.
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Non son ruído.
07:17
They are his heartbeats.
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Son os latexos do corazón.
07:19
And you can see them beat by beat.
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Podedes ver latexo a latexo.
07:23
So I want to stop here for a moment
and show you a live demo.
and show you a live demo.
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Quero parar aquí un momento
e facer unha demostración en directo
e facer unha demostración en directo
07:27
Zach is going to help me with the demo,
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Zach vai axudarnos coa demostración.
07:29
and we're going to use the device
to monitor Zach's breathing.
to monitor Zach's breathing.
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Imos usar o aparello
para controlar a súa respiración.
para controlar a súa respiración.
07:35
So this white box
that you see here is the device,
that you see here is the device,
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Esta caixa branca que vedes aquí
é o dispositivo.
é o dispositivo.
07:39
and Zach is turning it on ...
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Zach está a acendelo.
07:43
and I see that he breathes well.
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Imos ver se respira ben.
07:46
So we're going to do exactly what we did
in the video with the other guy,
in the video with the other guy,
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Imos facer exactamente o mesmo
ca no vídeo co outro tipo
ca no vídeo co outro tipo
07:50
so the wireless signal is going through,
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de modo que o sinal o atravese,
07:53
it's touching Zach's body,
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toque o corpo de Zach
07:55
and it's reflecting back to the device,
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e se reflicta de volta no aparello.
07:57
and we want to monitor his breathing,
his inhale-exhale motion.
his inhale-exhale motion.
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Queremos controlar a súa respiración,
o movemento inspira-expira.
o movemento inspira-expira.
08:00
So we see the inhales, exhales --
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Vemos como inspira, expira.
08:03
so see, these ups and downs
are Zach breathing.
are Zach breathing.
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Vedes, ese sube e baixa
é Zach respirando.
é Zach respirando.
08:10
Inhaling, exhaling.
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Inspira, expira.
08:12
(Applause)
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(Aplauso)
08:17
So, he can breathe.
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Ou sexa, sabe respirar.
08:20
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
08:21
Zach, can you hold your breath, please?
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Zach, poderías aguantar a respiración?
08:25
OK, so now he's holding his breath,
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Ok, agora está aguantando a respiración,
08:28
so you see the signal stays
at a steady level,
at a steady level,
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podemos ver que o sinal segue estábel
08:30
and these are his heartbeats.
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e estes son os latexos.
08:32
Beat, beat, beat, beat, beat.
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Pum, pum, pum, pum, pum.
08:35
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
08:36
OK, Zach, you can breathe again.
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OK, Zach, xa podes volver respirar.
08:38
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
08:40
We don't want accidents here.
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Non queremos accidentes aquí.
08:42
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
08:43
OK, thank you.
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Ok, grazas.
08:45
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
08:51
So as you can see, we have this device
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Como podedes ver,
temos este instrumento
temos este instrumento
08:54
that can monitor so many
physiological signals for you,
physiological signals for you,
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que pode controlarche
tantos signos fisiolóxicos
tantos signos fisiolóxicos
08:58
and what is really interesting
about this device
about this device
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e o realmente interesante sobre el
09:01
is that it does all this
without any wearables,
without any wearables,
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é que fai todo iso sen sensores,
09:03
without asking the person
to change his behavior
to change his behavior
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sen pedirlle á persoa
que cambie os seus hábitos
que cambie os seus hábitos
09:06
or to wear anything
or charge anything special.
or charge anything special.
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ou que leve ou cargue nada especial.
09:09
And that got doctors very excited,
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Isto entusiasma aos médicos.
09:12
because doctors,
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Porque os doutores
09:13
they always want to know
more information about their patients,
more information about their patients,
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sempre queren ter máis información
sobre os seus pacientes,
sobre os seus pacientes,
09:16
particularly at home,
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particularmente na casa.
09:18
and this is particularly true
in chronic diseases,
in chronic diseases,
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Isto é especialmente certo
nas enfermidades crónicas
nas enfermidades crónicas
09:20
like pulmonary diseases, like COPD,
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coma as pneumolóxicas tipo DPOC
09:24
or heart failure or Alzheimer's
and even depression.
and even depression.
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ou problemas cardíacos ou alzhéimer
e incluso, na depresión.
e incluso, na depresión.
09:29
All of these chronic diseases
are very important.
are very important.
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Todas esas enfermidades
son moi importantes.
son moi importantes.
09:31
In fact -- perhaps you know --
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De feito, quizais o saiban,
09:34
two-thirds of the cost
of health care in the US
of health care in the US
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dous terzos do custo sanitario nos EUA
09:37
is due to chronic diseases.
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débese a enfermidades crónicas.
09:39
But what is really interesting
about chronic diseases
about chronic diseases
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Pero o realmente interesante
sobre estas enfermidades
sobre estas enfermidades
09:42
is that when the person, for example,
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é cando a persoa, por exemplo,
09:43
has a problem that leads
to the hospital and the emergency room,
to the hospital and the emergency room,
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ten un problema que a leva
ás urxencias do hospital
ás urxencias do hospital
09:48
this problem doesn't happen overnight.
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ese problema non pasa dun día para outro.
09:51
Actually, things happen gradually.
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Ao contrario, sucede gradualmente.
09:53
So if we can monitor
chronic disease patients in their home,
chronic disease patients in their home,
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Se podemos vixiar na súa casa
aos pacientes crónicos
aos pacientes crónicos
09:56
we can detect changes in their breathing,
heartbeat, mobility, sleep --
heartbeat, mobility, sleep --
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poderemos notar cambios na respiración,
no pulso, na mobilidade ou o sono.
no pulso, na mobilidade ou o sono.
10:01
and we can detect emergencies
before they occur
before they occur
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Poderemos detectar urxencias
antes de que ocorran
antes de que ocorran
10:05
and have the doctor intervene earlier
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e facer que o médico interveña antes
10:07
so that we can avoid hospitalization.
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de modo que evitemos a hospitalización.
10:10
And indeed, today we are working
with multiple doctors
with multiple doctors
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Por suposto, hoxe estamos traballando
con múltiples doutores
con múltiples doutores
10:14
in different disease categories.
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en diferentes tipos de enfermidades.
10:16
So I'm really excited
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Estou realmente contenta
10:17
because we have deployed the device
with many patients.
with many patients.
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porque desenvolvemos este aparello
con moitos pacientes.
con moitos pacientes.
10:20
We have deployed the device
with patients that have COPD,
with patients that have COPD,
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Fixémolo con pacientes que teñen DPOC,
10:24
which is a pulmonary disease,
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unha enfermidade pulmonar,
10:25
patients that have Alzheimer's,
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con pacientes de alzhéimer,
10:27
patients that have depression and anxiety
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pacientes que teñen depresión e ansiedade
10:29
and people that have Parkinson's.
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e persoas con párkinson.
10:32
And we are working with the doctors
on improving their life,
on improving their life,
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Estamos traballando cos médicos
en mellorar a súa vida,
en mellorar a súa vida,
10:35
understanding the disease better.
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en comprender mellor a enfermidade.
10:38
So when I started, I told you
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Cando comecei,
díxenvos que me abraiaba
Star Wars e a Forza.
Star Wars e a Forza.
10:41
that I'm really fascinated with Star Wars
and the Force in Star Wars,
and the Force in Star Wars,
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5420
10:46
and indeed, I'm still
very much fascinated,
very much fascinated,
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Por suposto, sigo fascinada con Star Wars
10:50
even now, as a grown-up, with Star Wars,
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2006
incluso agora de adulta,
10:52
waiting for the next movie.
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á espreita da próxima película.
10:54
But I'm very fascinated now and excited
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Pero agora pásmame e arrebátame
10:59
about this new Force of wireless signals,
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esta nova Forza dos sinais sen fíos
11:03
and the potential of changing
health care with this new force.
health care with this new force.
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e o seu potencial para cambiar
a asistencia sanitaria.
a asistencia sanitaria.
11:07
One of the patients with whom
we deployed is actually my aunt.
we deployed is actually my aunt.
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Un dos pacientes cos que traballamos
é de feito a miña tía
é de feito a miña tía
11:10
She has heart failure,
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2151
Ten unha cardiopatía.
11:12
and I'm sure many of you guys
in the audience
in the audience
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Seguro que moitos de vós no público
11:16
have parents, grandparents,
loved ones who have chronic diseases.
loved ones who have chronic diseases.
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tedes pais, avós, seres queridos
con enfermidades crónicas.
con enfermidades crónicas.
11:21
So I want you to imagine with me a future
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Quero que imaxinedes comigo un futuro
11:24
where in every home
that has a chronic disease patient,
that has a chronic disease patient,
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en que cada casa cun paciente crónico
11:26
there is a device like this device
sitting in the background
sitting in the background
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ten un aparello coma este
nalgún curruncho
nalgún curruncho
11:30
and just monitoring passively
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e simplemente controla de modo pasivo
11:32
sleep, breathing, the health
of this chronic disease patient,
of this chronic disease patient,
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o sono, a respiración,
a saúde do paciente crónico.
a saúde do paciente crónico.
Antes de que apareza a emerxencia
11:37
and before an emergency occurs,
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detectamos a degradación
dos signos fisiolóxicos
dos signos fisiolóxicos
11:39
it would detect the degradation
in the physiological signal
in the physiological signal
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11:42
and alert the doctor
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e alertamos ao doutor
11:43
so that we can avoid hospitalization.
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para evitar a hospitalización.
11:46
This can change health care
as we know it today,
as we know it today,
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Isto pode cambiar a asistencia sanitaria
tal e como a coñecemos,
tal e como a coñecemos,
11:49
improve how we understand
chronic diseases
chronic diseases
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mellorar a nosa comprensión
sobre as enfermidades crónicas
sobre as enfermidades crónicas
11:52
and also save many lives.
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e abofé salvar moitas vidas.
11:54
Thank you.
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Grazas.
11:56
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
12:01
Helen Walters: Dina, thank you so much.
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Helen Waters: Dina, moitas grazas.
12:03
Thank you too, Zach.
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Grazas tamén, Zach.
Que ben que respires!
12:04
So glad you're breathing.
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12:05
So Dina, this is amazing.
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Dina, isto é abraiante.
As aplicacións positivas son incribles.
12:08
The positive applications are incredible.
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12:11
What is the framework, though,
like the ethical framework around this?
like the ethical framework around this?
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Cal é o marco de traballo, é dicir,
o marco ético en todo isto?
o marco ético en todo isto?
12:15
What are you doing to prevent
this technology from being used
this technology from being used
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Que se pode facer para evitar
que esta tecnoloxía sexa usada
que esta tecnoloxía sexa usada
12:18
for other, perhaps less positive
types of applications?
types of applications?
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para outros propósitos
digamos menos positivos?
digamos menos positivos?
12:22
Dina Katabi: Yeah, this is
a very important question, of course,
a very important question, of course,
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Dina Katabi: Si, por suposto
que é unha cuestión importante
que é unha cuestión importante
12:25
like, what about misuse,
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a do mal uso,
12:26
or what about, I guess you could say,
about the Dark Side of the Force?
about the Dark Side of the Force?
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ou tamén poderiamos dicir
o lado escuro da Forza?
o lado escuro da Forza?
12:30
HW: Right, right.
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HW: Claro, claro.
12:31
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
DK: De feito, dispomos de ferramentas
12:33
DK: So we actually have technologies
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12:36
that prevent people
from trying to use this device
from trying to use this device
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para evitar que a xente use este aparello
12:41
to monitor somebody without their consent.
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para controlar a alguén
sen o seu consentimento.
sen o seu consentimento.
12:43
Because the device understands space,
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Porque o aparello comprende o espazo,
12:45
it will ask you to prove,
by doing certain movements,
by doing certain movements,
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pedirache que probes
mediante certos movementos
mediante certos movementos
12:49
that you have access to the space
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que tes acceso ao espazo arredor
12:51
and you are the person
who you are asking the device to monitor.
who you are asking the device to monitor.
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e que es a persoa que solicita
iniciar a monitorización.
iniciar a monitorización.
12:54
So technology-wise,
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Desde o punto de vista tecnolóxico,
12:56
we have technology
that we integrate to prevent misuse,
that we integrate to prevent misuse,
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temos tecnoloxía que integramos
para previr un mal uso
para previr un mal uso
13:00
but also, I think there is a role
for policy, like everything else,
for policy, like everything else,
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pero tamén hai sitio para a lexislación,
coma en todo,
coma en todo,
13:03
and hopefully, with the two of them,
we can control any misuse.
we can control any misuse.
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e esperamos que entre as dúas partes
poidamos controlar o abuso.
poidamos controlar o abuso.
HW: Fantástico. Moitísimas grazas.
13:09
HW: Amazing. Thank you so much.
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13:10
DK: Thank you.
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DK: Grazas a ti.
13:12
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dina Katabi - TechnologistDina Katabi investigates how AI can make wireless devices sense human motion and vital signs.
Why you should listen
Dina Katabi designs new wireless devices that use machine learning to sense people through walls and occlusions. Her devices look like a Wi-Fi box. They transmit a low-power wireless signal and capture its reflections as it bounces off people and objects. They analyze those reflections to learn how people walk, measure their gait and detect elderly falls. The device can also measure a person's breathing, heart rate and sleep quality using wireless signals, without any sensor on the person's body. Katabi is working with medical doctors to use her technology to detect health emergencies and provide a better understanding of chronic diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Katabi is the Andrew & Erna Viterbi Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT. She is also the director of the MIT's Center for Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship. Her research has been recognized by the ACM Prize in Computing, the ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award, the SIGCOMM Test-of-Time Award, the IEEE William R. Bennett prize, the Faculty Research Innovation Fellowship, a Sloan Fellowship and multiple best paper awards. Several startups have been spun out of her lab, such as PiCharging and Emerald.
Dina Katabi | Speaker | TED.com