ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sam Van Aken - Artist
Sam Van Aken is a contemporary artist who works beyond traditional modes of art-making, crossing artistic genres and disciplines to develop new perspectives on themes like communication, botany, agriculture, climatology and the ever-increasing impact of technology.

Why you should listen

Sam Van Aken’s interventions in the natural and public realm are seen as metaphors that serve as the basis of narrative, sites of place making and, in some cases, even become the basis of scientific research.

Born in Reading, Pennsylvania, Van Aken received his undergraduate education in art and communication theory. Immediately following his studies, he lived in Poland and worked with dissident artists under the former communist regime through the auspices of the Andy Warhol Foundation and the United States Information Agency. Van Aken received his MFA from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and since then his work has been exhibited and placed nationally and internationally. He has received numerous honors including a Joan Mitchell Foundation Award, Association of International Curator's of Art Award and a Creative Capital Grant. Most recently, his work has been presented as part of Nature-Cooper Hewitt Design Triennial with the Cube Design Museum, Netherlands. Van Aken lives and works in Syracuse, New York, where he is currently an associate professor in the School of Art at Syracuse University. Van Aken's work is represented by Ronald Feldman Fine Arts.

More profile about the speaker
Sam Van Aken | Speaker | TED.com
TED Salon The Macallan

Sam Van Aken: How one tree grows 40 different kinds of fruit

山姆·冯·亚肯: 如何在一棵树上培育 40 种不同的水果

Filmed:
363,921 views

艺术家山姆·冯·亚肯(Sam Van Aken)分享了“四十果树”背后惊人的工作——一个正在进行的将四十种不同的桃子、李子、杏子、油桃和樱桃杂交在同一棵树上的项目。从为了展示美丽多彩的花朵这一艺术项目开始,“四十果树”已经成为了稀有原生品种和它们历史的活档案馆,也成为了实践性的(也是美味的!)方式来教育人们农业培育,更是为确保食品安全而要求生物多样性的鲜活象征。冯·亚肯说道,“这些水果不仅仅是食物,它们还包含着我们的文化……从许多角度来看,这些水果就是我们的故事。”
- Artist
Sam Van Aken is a contemporary artist who works beyond traditional modes of art-making, crossing artistic genres and disciplines to develop new perspectives on themes like communication, botany, agriculture, climatology and the ever-increasing impact of technology. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
100 years年份 ago,
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100 年前,
00:15
there were 2,000 varieties品种 of peaches桃子,
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在美国有着 2000 多种桃子,
00:18
nearly几乎 2,000 different不同 varieties品种 of plums李子
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将近 2000 种不同的李子,
00:22
and almost几乎 800 named命名 varieties品种
of apples苹果 growing生长 in the United联合的 States状态.
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以及将近 800 种可以叫出名字的苹果。
00:27
Today今天, only a fraction分数 of those remain,
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如今,只剩下了其中一小部分,
00:29
and what is left is threatened受威胁
by industrialization工业化 of agriculture农业,
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而剩下的也受着农业的工业化、
00:34
disease疾病 and climate气候 change更改.
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疾病和气候变化的威胁。
00:36
Those varieties品种 that are threatened受威胁
include包括 the Blood血液 Cling坚持,
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受到威胁的品种包括血桃,
00:40
a red-flesh红肉 peach桃子 brought
by Spanish西班牙语 missionaries传教士 to the Americas美洲,
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一种由西班牙传教士带到美国、
00:45
then cultivated by Native本地人
Americans美国人 for centuries百年;
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然后被印第安人培育了
数个世纪的血红色桃子;
00:48
an apricot that was brought
by Chinese中文 immigrants移民
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杏子,由建设美国横贯大陆铁路的
00:51
who came来了 to work
on the Transcontinental跨大陆 Railroad铁路;
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中国移民带来;
00:54
and countless无数 varieties品种 of plums李子
that originated起源 in the Middle中间 East
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以及数不清的原产于中东,
00:58
and were then brought by Italian意大利,
French法国 and German德语 immigrants移民.
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然后被意大利、法国和
德国移民带来的李子。
01:03
None没有 of these varieties品种 are indigenous土著.
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这些品种中没有一个产于当地。
01:05
In fact事实, almost几乎 all of our fruit水果 trees树木
were brought here,
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事实上,我们的大部分
果树种类都是外来物种,
01:09
including包含 apples苹果 and peaches桃子 and cherries樱桃.
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包括苹果、桃子和樱桃。
01:13
So more than just food餐饮,
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所以这些水果不仅仅是食物,
01:14
embedded嵌入式 within these fruit水果
is our culture文化.
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它们还包含着我们的文化。
01:18
It's the people who cared照顾 for
and cultivated them,
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人们关爱、培育并且珍视这些水果
01:21
who valued价值 them so much
that they brought them here with them
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才把它们一起带来,
01:24
as a connection连接 to their home,
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作为和家乡的联系,
01:26
and it's the way that they've他们已经 passed通过
them on and shared共享 them.
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这些水果得以代代相传,为人分享。
01:29
In many许多 ways方法, these fruit水果 are our story故事.
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从许多角度来看,
这些水果就是我们的故事。
01:33
And I was fortunate幸运 enough足够
to learn学习 about it
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我非常幸运,通过我创作的
01:36
through通过 an artwork艺术品 that I created创建
entitled标题 the "Tree of 40 Fruit水果."
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名为“四十果树”的艺术品
学习到了这些。
01:40
The Tree of 40 Fruit水果 is a single tree
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“四十果树”是一棵
01:42
that grows成长 40 different不同
varieties品种 of stone fruit水果.
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长着四十种不同核果的树。
01:46
So that's peaches桃子, plums李子, apricots杏子,
nectarines油 桃 and cherries樱桃
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桃子、李子、杏子、
油桃、樱桃,
01:51
all growing生长 on one tree.
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都长在一棵树上。
01:52
It's designed设计 to be a normal-looking正常的前瞻性 tree
throughout始终 the majority多数 of the year,
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它被设计成在一年的多数时间里,
看上去是一棵正常的树,
01:56
until直到 spring弹簧, when it blossoms花朵
in pink and white白色
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直到春天,它会开出
粉色和白色的花朵,
02:00
and then in summer夏季,
bears a multitude of different不同 fruit水果.
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而到夏天,它会结出多种不同的果实。
02:03
I began开始 the project项目
for purely纯粹 artistic艺术的 reasons原因:
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我因纯粹的艺术缘由
开始了这个项目:
02:07
I wanted to change更改
the reality现实 of the everyday每天,
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我想要改变日常的现实,
02:09
and to be honest诚实,
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说实话,
02:11
create创建 this startling触目惊心 moment时刻
when people would see this tree
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就是创造出这个
当人们看到这棵树
02:13
blossom开花 in all these different不同 colors颜色
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开出不同颜色的花,
02:17
and bear all of these different不同 fruit水果.
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长出不同果实的惊奇时刻。
02:19
I created创建 the Tree of 40 Fruit水果
through通过 the process处理 of grafting嫁接.
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我通过嫁接的手段创造了“四十果树”。
02:22
I'll collect搜集 cuttings插条
in winter冬季, store商店 them,
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我在冬天收集插条,保存好,
02:25
and then graft接枝 them
onto the ends结束 of branches分支机构 in spring弹簧.
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然后在春天把它们嫁接到枝丫的末端。
02:28
In fact事实, almost几乎 all
fruit水果 trees树木 are grafted嫁接,
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事实上,基本所有的果树都是嫁接的,
02:32
because the seed种子 of a fruit水果 tree
is a genetic遗传 variant变种 of the parent.
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因为果树的种子会发生基因变异。
02:35
So when we find a variety品种
that we really like,
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所以当我们找到一种
我们十分喜欢的品种时,
02:39
the way that we propagate传播 it
is by taking服用 a cutting切割 off of one tree
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我们培育它的方法就是
从树上砍下插条,
02:42
and putting it onto another另一个 --
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再把它嫁接到另一棵树上——
02:44
which哪一个 is kind of crazy to think
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想象一下每一个麦金塔苹果
02:46
that every一切 single Macintosh苹果 apple苹果
came来了 from one tree
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都来自同一棵树,
人们代代嫁接,
02:50
that's been grafted嫁接 over and over
from generation to generation.
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听起来有些疯狂吧?
02:55
But it also means手段 that fruit水果 trees树木
can't be preserved罐头 by seed种子.
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这也意味着果树不能由
种子保留下来。
03:00
I've known已知 about grafting嫁接
as long as I can remember记得.
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我从记事起就了解到了嫁接。
03:03
My great-grandfather曾祖父 made制作 a living活的
grafting嫁接 peach桃子 orchards果园
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我的曾祖父靠着嫁接
位于宾州东南部的
03:05
in Southeastern东南 Pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚.
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桃子果园为生。
03:07
And although虽然 I never met会见 him,
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尽管我从未见过他,
03:09
any time anyone任何人 would mention提到 his name名称,
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但是任何时候只要
有人提及他的名字,
03:11
they were quick to note注意
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人们都会很快的说起,
03:12
that he knew知道 how to graft接枝 as if he had
a magical神奇 or mystical神秘 capability能力.
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我的曾祖父知道如何嫁接,
就像有一种魔法般或是神秘的能力。
03:16
I decided决定 on the number 40
for the Tree of 40 Fruit水果
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我为“四十果树”
定下 40 这个数字,
03:19
because it's found发现
throughout始终 Western西 religion宗教
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因为 40 在西方宗教中
03:22
as not the quantifiable量化 dozen
and not the infinite无穷
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被认为是不可量化的,
但也不是无穷的,
03:24
but a number that's beyond counting数数.
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而是一个数不清的数字。
03:27
It's a bounty赏金 or a multitude.
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它代表很多或是大量。
03:29
But the problem问题 was that when I started开始,
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但问题是,当我开始创作时,
03:31
I couldn't不能 find 40 different不同
varieties品种 of these fruit水果,
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我没法找到 40 种不同的核果,
03:35
and this is despite尽管 the fact事实
that I live生活 in New York纽约 state,
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尽管我居住在纽约州,
03:38
which哪一个, a century世纪 ago,
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在一个世纪前
03:39
was one of the leading领导
producers生产商 of these fruit水果.
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这里可是生产核果的龙头老大。
03:42
So as they were tearing撕裂 out
research研究 orchards果园
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所以当人们拆除研究型果园,
03:45
and old, vintage酿酒 orchards果园,
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以及老旧的果园时,
03:46
I would collect搜集 branches分支机构 off them
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我就会收集果树的枝干,
03:48
and graft接枝 them onto trees树木 in my nursery苗圃.
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并把它们嫁接到
我的苗圃里的树上。
03:51
So this is what the Tree of 40 Fruit水果
look like when they were first planted种植的,
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这是“四十果树”刚被种下时的样子,
这是它们六年后的样子。
03:54
and this is what they look like
six years年份 later后来.
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这肯定不是快速嫁接运动——
03:57
This is definitely无疑 not a sport运动
of immediate即时 gratification享乐 --
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04:00
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
04:01
It takes a year to know
if a graft接枝 has succeeded成功;
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想要知道嫁接是否成功,
需要一年的时间;
04:05
it takes two to three years年份
to know if it produces产生 fruit水果;
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想要知道嫁接是否结果,
需要两到三年;
04:08
and it takes up to eight years年份
to create创建 just one of the trees树木.
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而要创作出这样一棵树,
需要长达八年的时间。
04:12
Each of the varieties品种 grafted嫁接
to the Tree of 40 Fruit水果
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每一种被嫁接到“四十果树”的核果,
04:15
has a slightly different不同 form形成
and a slightly different不同 color颜色.
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都有着稍微不同的形态
和稍微不同的颜色。
04:19
And I realized实现 that by creating创建 a timeline时间线
of when all these blossomed开花
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我意识到通过记录
所有品种开花时间点之间
04:22
in relationship关系 to each other,
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相互关系的时间线,
04:24
I can essentially实质上 shape形状 or design设计
how the tree appears出现 during spring弹簧.
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我就可以塑造或设计出
果树在春天的样子。
04:29
And this is how they appear出现 during summer夏季.
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这是果树在夏天的样子。
果树从六月到九月都在结果。
04:31
They produce生产 fruit水果 from June六月
through通过 September九月.
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04:33
First is cherries樱桃, then apricots杏子,
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首先是樱桃,然后是杏子,
04:36
Asian亚洲 plums李子, nectarines油 桃 and peaches桃子,
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亚洲李,油桃和桃子,
04:39
and I think I forgot忘记 one
in there, somewhere某处 ...
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我觉得我在哪里忘了一个品种……
04:42
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
04:43
Although虽然 it's an artwork艺术品
that exists存在 outside of the gallery画廊,
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尽管这是一个存在于
美术馆之外的艺术品,
04:46
as the project项目 continues继续,
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随着项目的继续,
04:48
it's been conservation保护
by way of the art艺术 world世界.
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它却被艺术世界
以一种方式保留了下来。
04:51
As I've been asked to create创建
these in different不同 locations地点,
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当我被邀请在不同的地点
创造出这些果树时,
04:53
what I'll do is I'll research研究 varieties品种
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我会做的就是研究
04:56
that originated起源 or were
historically历史 grown长大的 in that area,
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那个地区土生土长的
或是历史上生长过的品种,
04:59
I'll source资源 them locally本地
and graft接枝 them to the tree
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然后我会在当地寻找这些品种,
并把它们嫁接到树上,
05:02
so that it becomes an agricultural农业的 history历史
of the area where they're located位于.
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这样这棵果树就变成了
所在地区的农业历史。
05:06
And then the project项目 got picked采摘的 up online线上,
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然后这个项目就在网上传开了,
05:08
which哪一个 was horrifying可怕的 and humbling震撼人心.
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让我有些惊讶,觉得有点不好意思。
05:11
The horrifying可怕的 part部分
was all of the tattoos纹身 that I saw
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让我感到惊讶的是我看到的那些
05:14
of images图片 of the Tree of 40 Fruit水果.
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“四十果树”的纹身图案。
05:16
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
我就想,“你为什么要对
你的身体这样做?”
05:17
Which哪一个 I was like, "Why would
you do that to your body身体?"
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05:20
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
05:21
And the humbling震撼人心 part部分
was all of the requests要求 that I received收到
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令我有点难为情的
是那些我收到的来自
05:24
from pastors牧师, from rabbis拉比 and priests牧师
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神父、拉比和牧师的请求,
05:27
who asked to use the tree
as a central中央 part部分 within their service服务.
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他们想把这棵树作为
他们宗教礼拜的核心部分。
05:30
And then it became成为 a meme米姆 --
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然后这棵树变成了表情包——
05:32
and the answer回答 to that question
is "I hope希望 not?"
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这个问题的答案是“我希望不是?”
05:36
[Is your marriage婚姻
like the Tree of 40 Fruit水果?]
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【你的婚姻像“四十果树”吗?】
05:38
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
05:39
Like all good memes模因,
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就像所有风靡起来的表情包作者,
05:40
this has led to an interview访问
on NPR'sNPR 的 "Weekend周末 Edition,"
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我接受了 NPR 的
“周末特辑”节目的采访,
05:44
and as a college学院 professor教授,
I thought I peaked见顶 --
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作为一名大学教授,
我认为这就是——
05:48
like, that was the pinnacle巅峰
of my career事业 --
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算是我事业的顶峰了——
05:50
but you never know who's谁是 listening to NPR美国国家公共电台.
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但你永远也不知道谁会听 NPR。
05:54
And several一些 weeks after the NPR美国国家公共电台 interview访问,
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在 NPR 采访的几周之后,
05:57
I received收到 an email电子邮件
from the Department of Defense防御.
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我收到了一封来自美国国防部的邮件。
06:00
The Defense防御 Advanced高级 Research研究
Project项目 Administration行政 invited邀请 me
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国防高级研究计划局邀请我
06:04
to come talk about
innovation革新 and creativity创造力,
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去进行关于创新和创造力的演讲,
06:07
and it's a conversation会话 that quickly很快
shifted to a discussion讨论 of food餐饮 security安全.
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这场对话迅速的转向了
关于食品安全的讨论。
06:11
You see, our national国民 security安全
is dependent依赖的 upon our food餐饮 security安全.
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很明显,我们的国家安全
也依赖于我们的食品安全。
06:16
Now that we've我们已经 created创建 these monocultures单一种植
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考虑到我们走向了单一种植,
06:18
that only grow增长 a few少数
varieties品种 of each crop作物,
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只培育每种作物的几个品种,
06:22
if something happens发生
to just one of those varieties品种,
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如果这些品种之一发生了什么事,
06:25
it can have a dramatic戏剧性 impact碰撞
upon our food餐饮 supply供应.
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则会对我们的食物供给
产生显著的影响。
06:28
And the key to maintaining维持
our food餐饮 security安全
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保证食物安全的关键就是
06:31
is preserving our biodiversity生物多样性.
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保护我们的生物多样性。
06:33
100 years年份 ago, this was doneDONE
by everybody每个人 that had a garden花园
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100 年前,只要有花园或是
06:38
or a small stand of trees树木
in their backyard后院,
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在后院中长着几棵树的人
都在做这件事,
06:40
and grew成长 varieties品种 that were
passed通过 down through通过 their family家庭.
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他们培育不同品种,
再在家族中代代相传。
06:43
These are plums李子 from just one Tree
of 40 Fruit水果 in one week in August八月.
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这些是八月的一周里
从一棵“四十果树”上收获的李子。
06:48
Several一些 years年份 into the project项目,
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项目开始后的几年,
06:50
I was told that I have one of the largest最大
collections集合 of these fruit水果
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我被告知,在美国东部,
06:53
in the Eastern United联合的 States状态,
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我所收集的这些水果的数量最多,
06:55
which哪一个, as an artist艺术家,
is absolutely绝对 terrifying可怕的.
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对于一个艺术家来说,
我觉得受宠若惊。
06:58
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
07:00
But in many许多 ways方法,
I didn't know what I had.
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但在许多方面,
我并不知道我到底拥有什么。
07:02
I discovered发现 that the majority多数
of the varieties品种 I had
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我发现我培育品种中的大多数
07:05
were heirloom传家宝 varieties品种,
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都是原种品种,
07:06
so those that were grown长大的 before 1945,
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也就是在 1945 年之前生长的品种,
07:09
which哪一个 is seen看到 as the dawn黎明
of the industrialization工业化 of agriculture农业.
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那个时间点被看做是
农业工业化的前夕。
07:13
Several一些 of the varieties品种 dated过时的 back
thousands数千 and thousands数千 of years年份.
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有些品种的起源可以
追溯到几千年以前。
07:17
And finding发现 out how rare罕见 they were,
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了解到它们的稀缺性,
07:21
I became成为 obsessed痴迷
with trying to preserve保留 them,
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我执着的想要保存它们,
07:24
and the vehicle车辆 for this became成为 art艺术.
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而这个载体就是艺术。
07:25
I would go into old, vintage酿酒 orchards果园
before they were torn撕裂 out
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我会在老旧果园被拆毁前造访,
07:29
and I would save保存 the bowl
or the trunk树干 section部分
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我会收集那些保留了
原始嫁接结构的
07:31
that possessed拥有 the original原版的 graft接枝 union联盟.
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树枝或树桩。
07:33
I started开始 doing pressings压榨
of flowers花卉 and the leaves树叶
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我开始压制花朵和树叶
07:37
to create创建 herbarium标本馆 specimens标本.
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来制作植物标本。
07:39
I started开始 to sequence序列 the DNA脱氧核糖核酸.
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我开始测序 DNA。
07:41
But ultimately最终, I set out
to preserve保留 the story故事
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但最终,我会用
铜制蚀刻板和凸版印刷描述
07:45
through通过 these copper-plate铜板 etchings蚀刻
and letterpress凸版 descriptions说明.
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来保留这些故事。
07:48
To tell the story故事 of the George乔治 IVIV peach桃子,
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我想讲讲乔治四世品种的桃子,
07:52
which哪一个 took root between之间
two buildings房屋 in New York纽约 City --
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它生长在纽约市的两栋建筑之间——
07:55
someone有人 walks散步 by, tastes口味 it,
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人们从旁边走过,品尝,
07:58
it becomes a major重大的 commercial广告
variety品种 in the 19th century世纪
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它成为了 19 世纪
一种主要的商业品种,
08:01
because it tastes口味 just that good.
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因为它的味道太好了。
08:04
Then all but vanishes消失,
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然后一下子又全部消失了,
08:06
because it doesn't ship well
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因为这种桃子没法运输,
08:08
and it doesn't conform符合
to modern现代 agriculture农业.
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而且也不适应现代农业。
08:11
But I realize实现 that as a story故事,
it needs需求 to be told.
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但我意识到,
这种桃子的故事需要有人讲述。
08:15
And in the telling告诉 of that story故事,
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要讲述这个故事,
08:17
it has to include包括 the experience经验
of being存在 able能够 to touch触摸,
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需要包含能够接触、
08:21
to smell and to taste味道 those varieties品种.
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闻到以及品尝这些品种的经历。
08:23
So I set out to create创建 an orchard果园
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所以我开始创建果园,
08:25
to make these fruit水果
available可得到 to the public上市,
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来让这些水果面向大众,
08:28
and have the aim目标 of placing配售 them
in the highest最高 density密度 of people
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最初目标是把果树种在
我能找到的
08:31
that I could possibly或者 find.
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人口密度最高的地方。
08:33
Naturally自然, I started开始 looking for an acre英亩
of land土地 in New York纽约 City --
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自然而然,我尝试在纽约市
寻找一英亩土地——
08:37
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
08:38
which哪一个, in retrospect回想起来,
seemed似乎, like, rather ambitious有雄心,
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现在想来,这听上去
还蛮有雄心壮志的,
08:42
and probably大概 the reason原因 why nobody没有人
was returning回国 my phone电话 calls电话 or emails电子邮件 --
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也许也是没人回复我电话
或邮件的原因——
08:47
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
08:48
until直到 eventually终于, four years年份 later后来,
I heard听说 back from Governors州长 Island.
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直到四年之后,
我收到了总督岛的回复。
08:53
So Governors州长 Island is a former前任的 naval base基础
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总督岛曾是一个海军基地,
08:56
that was given特定
to the City of New York纽约 in 2000.
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于 2000 年被赠予纽约市。
08:59
And it opened打开 up all of this land土地
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纽约市开放了整座岛,
09:00
just a five-minute五分钟 ferry渡船 ride
from New York纽约.
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离纽约只有五分钟的轮渡。
09:03
And they invited邀请 me to create创建 a project项目
that we're calling调用 the "Open打开 Orchard果园"
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他们邀请我去创作一个
我们称为“开放果园”的项目,
09:07
that will bring带来 back fruit水果 varieties品种
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这个项目会带回那些
09:09
that haven't没有 been grown长大的
in New York纽约 for over a century世纪.
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在过去一个世纪,
未被在纽约培育的水果品种。
09:12
Currently目前 in progress进展,
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目前项目正在进行,
09:14
The Open打开 Orchard果园
will be 50 multigrafted多移植 trees树木
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“开放果园” 将会包含
50 棵多嫁接果树,
09:18
that possess具有 200 heirloom传家宝
and antique古董 fruit水果 varieties品种.
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包含 200 种原生和古老的水果品种。
09:23
So these are varieties品种 that originated起源
or were historically历史 grown长大的 in the region地区.
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这些是原产于或历史上
生长于该地区的品种。
09:28
Varieties品种 like the Early Strawberry草莓 apple苹果,
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品种中有草莓苹果,
09:30
which哪一个 originated起源 on 13th Street
and Third第三 Avenue大街.
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原产于 13 街和第三大道。
09:34
Since以来 a fruit水果 tree
can't be preserved罐头 by seed种子,
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因为果树不可以通过种子留存,
09:37
The Open打开 Orchard果园 will act法案
like a living活的 gene基因 bank银行,
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“开放果园”将会变成
一个活的基因银行,
09:40
or an archive档案 of these fruit水果.
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或是这些水果的档案库。
09:41
Like the Tree of 40 Fruit水果,
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就像是“四十果树”,
09:43
it will be experiential体验;
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“开放果园”将是实验性的,
09:44
it will also be symbolic象征.
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它也将是象征性的。
09:46
Most importantly重要的, it's going to invite邀请
people to participate参加 in conservation保护
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最重要的是,它将会
邀请人们加入对话,
09:51
and to learn学习 more about their food餐饮.
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并邀请人们了解自己的食物。
09:53
Through通过 the Tree of 40 Fruit水果,
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通过“四十果树”,
09:54
I've received收到 thousands数千
and thousands数千 of emails电子邮件 from people,
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我收到了来自人们
的成千上万封邮件,
09:57
asking basic基本 questions问题
about "How do you plant a tree?"
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询问我“你怎么种树的?”
之类最基本的问题。
10:01
With less than three percent百分
of the population人口
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和农业有着直接的联系
10:03
having any direct直接 tie领带 to agriculture农业,
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的人口还不到3%,
10:06
the Open打开 Orchard果园
is going to invite邀请 people
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“开放果园”会邀请人们
10:09
to come take part部分 in public上市 programming程序设计
and to take part部分 in workshops研讨会,
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参与公共项目和工作坊,
10:13
to learn学习 how to graft接枝, to grow增长,
to prune修剪 and to harvest收成 a tree;
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学习如何嫁接、培育、
修剪和采摘果树;
10:17
to take part部分 in fresh新鲜 eating
and blossom开花 tours;
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参与鲜果品尝和花季观赏;
10:20
to work with local本地 chefs厨师
to learn学习 how to use these fruit水果
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与当地厨师一起学习
如何利用这些水果
10:23
and to recreate重建 centuries-old百年历史 dishes碗碟
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来重新创作专门培育这些品种
10:25
that many许多 of these varieties品种
were grown长大的 specifically特别 for.
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来制作的百年菜谱。
10:28
Extending扩展 beyond the physical物理
site现场 of the orchard果园,
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延伸到果园的物理地址之外,
10:30
it will be a cookbook食谱
that compiles编译 all of those recipes食谱.
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项目还会是包含所有菜谱的食谱书。
10:34
It will be a field领域 guide指南
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它会是实地指南,
10:36
that talks会谈 about the characteristics特点
and traits性状 of those fruit水果,
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包括这些水果的特征和特性,
10:39
their origin起源 and their story故事.
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它们的起源和它们的故事。
10:41
Growing生长 up on a farm农场,
I thought I understood了解 agriculture农业,
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成长于农场的我,
曾认为我理解农业,
10:44
and I didn't want anything to do with it.
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我也不想从事农业相关的工作。
10:47
So I became成为 an artist艺术家 --
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所以我成为了艺术家——
10:49
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
10:51
But I have to admit承认 that it's something
within my own拥有 DNA脱氧核糖核酸.
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但我必须承认我自己的 DNA 中
存在着某样东西。
10:55
And I don't think that I'm the only one.
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我并不认为我是唯一一个。
10:57
100 years年份 ago, we were all much more
closely密切 tied to the culture文化,
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100 年前,我们和我们食物背后的
11:02
the cultivation养殖
and the story故事 of our food餐饮,
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文化、培育以及储存方法
联系更加紧密,
11:05
and we've我们已经 been separated分离 from that.
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而现在我们与其分离了。
11:08
The Open打开 Orchard果园 creates创建 the opportunity机会
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“开放果园”创造了这样的机会,
11:10
not just to reconnect重新连接
to this unknown未知 past过去,
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不止让我们与未知
的过去重新建立联系,
11:14
but a way for us to consider考虑
what the future未来 of our food餐饮 could be.
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还让我们开始思考食物的未来
将是什么样的。
11:18
Thank you.
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谢谢。
11:19
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Lipeng Chen

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sam Van Aken - Artist
Sam Van Aken is a contemporary artist who works beyond traditional modes of art-making, crossing artistic genres and disciplines to develop new perspectives on themes like communication, botany, agriculture, climatology and the ever-increasing impact of technology.

Why you should listen

Sam Van Aken’s interventions in the natural and public realm are seen as metaphors that serve as the basis of narrative, sites of place making and, in some cases, even become the basis of scientific research.

Born in Reading, Pennsylvania, Van Aken received his undergraduate education in art and communication theory. Immediately following his studies, he lived in Poland and worked with dissident artists under the former communist regime through the auspices of the Andy Warhol Foundation and the United States Information Agency. Van Aken received his MFA from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and since then his work has been exhibited and placed nationally and internationally. He has received numerous honors including a Joan Mitchell Foundation Award, Association of International Curator's of Art Award and a Creative Capital Grant. Most recently, his work has been presented as part of Nature-Cooper Hewitt Design Triennial with the Cube Design Museum, Netherlands. Van Aken lives and works in Syracuse, New York, where he is currently an associate professor in the School of Art at Syracuse University. Van Aken's work is represented by Ronald Feldman Fine Arts.

More profile about the speaker
Sam Van Aken | Speaker | TED.com