TEDSalon NY2013
Jake Barton: The museum of you
杰克•巴顿: “你”博物館
Filmed:
Readability: 4.5
815,299 views
2001年九月十一日，全球三分之一的人看到了世貿中心倒塌的直播；超過三分之一的人二十四小時內聽聞了這個事件。還記得你當時在哪兒嗎？即將開館的9·11紀念博物館內的展品會反映出當日整個世界經歷的多元性。在這個感人的演講中，設計師傑克•巴頓讓我們一瞥那些博物館設備，還有一些其他項目，旨在讓觀察者更積極的活躍於展館中。
Jake Barton - Designer and storyteller
Principal of the New York media design firm, Local Projects, Jake Barton creates interactive and digital exhibits for the likes of the 9/11 Memorial Museum, Cleveland Museum of Art and Storycorps. Full bio
Principal of the New York media design firm, Local Projects, Jake Barton creates interactive and digital exhibits for the likes of the 9/11 Memorial Museum, Cleveland Museum of Art and Storycorps. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
This is Charley Williams.
0
1370
1741
這是查利•威廉姆斯
00:15
He was 94 when this photograph was taken.
1
3111
2276
這張照片攝於他九十四歲時
00:17
In the 1930s, Roosevelt put
2
5387
3057
上世紀三十年代
00:20
thousands and thousands of Americans back to work
3
8444
1980
通過建造橋樑、公共建設和修築隧道的方式
00:22
by building bridges and infrastructure and tunnels,
4
10424
2526
羅斯福總統讓成千上萬美國人重回工作崗位
00:24
but he also did something interesting,
5
12950
1415
與此同時，他做了一件有趣的事
00:26
which was to hire a few hundred writers
6
14365
2312
他僱傭了幾百名作家
00:28
to scour America to capture the stories of ordinary Americans.
7
16677
3961
到全國各地去蒐集普通百姓的故事
00:32
Charley Williams, a poor sharecropper,
8
20638
2161
作為一個貧窮的美國佃農
00:34
wouldn't ordinarily be the subject of a big interview,
9
22799
2662
查利•威廉姆斯不太可能成為此次大訪談的對象
00:37
but Charley had actually been a slave
10
25461
2428
但是，查利在二十二歲前
00:39
until he was 22 years old.
11
27889
2558
是一個奴隸
00:42
And the stories that were captured of his life
12
30447
2314
而且他生活中的故事
00:44
make up one of the crown jewels
13
32761
2779
成了歷史王冠上一顆閃亮的明珠
00:47
of histories, of human-lived experiences
14
35540
3325
也是這個充滿前奴隸的社會的
00:50
filled with ex-slaves.
15
38865
2275
重要組成部分
00:53
Anna Deavere Smith famously said that
16
41140
2100
安娜•迪佛•史密斯曾說過一句著名的話
00:55
there's a literature inside of each of us,
17
43240
2488
“本質上，我們每個人都是一部文學著作。”
00:57
and three generations later, I was part of a project
18
45728
2263
三代人之後
00:59
called StoryCorps,
19
47991
1561
我成了“StoryCorps”的一員
01:01
which set out to capture
20
49552
1992
StoryCorps的目的就是
01:03
the stories of ordinary Americans
21
51544
2025
通過在公共場合建造一個隔音間
01:05
by setting up a soundproof booth in public spaces.
22
53569
2897
來蒐集普通美國百姓的故事
01:08
The idea is very, very simple.
23
56466
1230
這個主意其實很簡單
01:09
You go into these booths, you interview your grandmother
24
57696
2871
你到隔間裡採訪你的祖母或其他親屬
01:12
or relative, you leave with a copy of the interview
25
60567
2288
結束後，你帶走一份訪談拷貝
01:14
and an interview goes into the Library of Congress.
26
62855
2787
而且訪談內容會進到國會圖書館裡
01:17
It's essentially a way to make a national oral histories archive
27
65642
3358
本質上，形成國家口述故事檔案館的重要方法
01:21
one conversation at a time.
28
69000
2272
就是通過一次一個對話的方式
01:23
And the question is, who do you want to remember --
29
71272
2474
關鍵是，你想要記住誰呢
01:25
if you had just 45 minutes with your grandmother?
30
73746
3072
如果你和你祖母只有四十五分鐘時間的話
01:28
What's interesting, in conversations with the founder, Dave Isay,
31
76818
2372
有意思的是，在和創始人戴夫•伊塞的交談中
01:31
we always actually talked about this
32
79190
1148
我們總會談到這個
01:32
as a little bit of a subversive project,
33
80338
2250
把牠當做一個略具顛覆性的計劃
01:34
because when you think about it,
34
82588
1401
因為，當思考到這個問題時
01:35
it's actually not really about the stories that are being told,
35
83989
2516
你會覺得，其實跟講述的故事無甚關係
01:38
it's about listening,
36
86505
1306
聆聽才是最重要的
01:39
and it's about the questions that you get to ask,
37
87811
2034
還有你會問到的問題
01:41
questions that you may not have permission to
38
89845
2078
可能這些問題在其他任何場合
01:43
on any other day.
39
91923
1270
你都不能問
01:45
I'm going to play you just a couple of quick excerpts from the project.
40
93193
4938
接下來，就讓大家聽幾段項目裡的錄音
01:50
[Jesus Melendez talking about poet Pedro Pietri's final moments]
41
98131
1978
「傑西•梅倫德斯談論詩人佩德羅•皮埃特利的最後時刻」
01:52
Jesus Melendez: We took off, and as we were ascending,
42
100109
2566
傑西：我們起飛了，飛機正在上升
01:54
before we had leveled off,
43
102675
1643
在水平飛行之前
01:56
our level-off point was 45,000 feet,
44
104318
2429
水平飛行高度是四萬五千英尺
01:58
so before we had leveled off,
45
106747
1902
所以是在水平飛行之前
02:00
Pedro began leaving us,
46
108649
2285
佩德羅就開始離我們而去
02:02
and the beauty about it
47
110934
2213
其美妙之處在於
02:05
is that I believe that there's something after life.
48
113147
3832
我相信，人死後仍能有所期待
02:08
You can see it in Pedro.
49
116979
3294
從佩德羅身上就能看到
02:12
[Danny Perasa to his wife Annie Perasa married 26 years]
50
120273
3576
「丹尼•佩拉薩致妻子安妮•佩拉薩，他們已婚26年」
02:15
Danny Perasa: See, the thing of it is,
51
123849
1730
丹尼：事情是這樣的
02:17
I always feel guilty when I say "I love you" to you,
52
125579
2703
每當對你說“我愛你”，我就感覺內疚
02:20
and I say it so often. I say it to remind you
53
128282
2892
而且也說的次數不少
我說“我愛你”是為了提醒你
我說“我愛你”是為了提醒你
02:23
that as dumpy as I am, it's coming from me,
54
131174
3054
儘管我又矮又胖，但那句話是我說的
02:26
it's like hearing a beautiful song from a busted old radio,
55
134228
4272
就像用老式破收音機收聽美妙的歌曲
02:30
and it's nice of you to keep the radio around the house.
56
138500
2125
你能好心地保存著這個破收音機真好
02:32
(Laughter)
57
140625
2313
（笑聲）
02:34
[Michael Wolmetz with his girlfriend Debora Brakarz]
58
142938
2700
「邁克爾•沃爾梅茨和女友黛博拉•布雷卡茲」
02:37
Michael Wolmetz: So this is the ring that my father gave to my mother,
59
145638
3058
邁克爾：這是我父親給我母親的戒指
02:40
and we can leave it there.
60
148696
1532
現在先把它放在一邊
02:42
And he saved up and he purchased this,
61
150228
1808
父親省吃儉用，然后買下了這個戒指
02:44
and he proposed to my mother with this,
62
152036
1885
之後用它向我母親求了婚
02:45
and so I thought that I would give it to you
63
153921
1941
我想，我要把這個戒指給你
02:47
so that he could be with us for this also.
64
155862
3730
那樣父親也會與我們在一起
02:51
So I'm going to share a mic with you right now, Debora.
65
159592
3358
所以黛博拉，我現在要和你共用一個麥克風了
02:54
Where's the right finger?
66
162950
1817
該戴在哪個手指上？
02:56
Debora Brakarz: (Crying)
67
164767
1773
（黛博拉哭泣中）
02:58
MW: Debora, will you please marry me?
68
166540
3718
邁克爾：黛博拉，你願意嫁給我嗎
03:02
DB: Yes. Of course. I love you.
69
170258
3439
黛博拉：當然，我願意，我愛你
03:05
(Kissing)
70
173697
2661
（親吻）
03:08
MW: So kids, this is how your mother and I got married,
71
176358
4561
邁克爾：孩子們，我和你們的媽媽就這樣結婚了
03:12
in a booth in Grand Central Station with my father's ring.
72
180919
3699
在中央車站的隔音間裡，用我父親的婚戒
03:16
My grandfather was a cab driver for 40 years.
73
184618
2134
我爺爺當了四十年出租車司機
03:18
He used to pick people up here every day.
74
186752
2103
過去他每天都在這裡載人
03:20
So it seems right.
75
188855
2127
看起來沒錯
03:22
Jake Barton: So I have to say
76
190982
1639
傑克•巴頓：所以我得聲明一下
03:24
I did not actually choose those individual samples to make you cry
77
192621
3007
我並沒特地選擇這些錄音樣本來讓你們掉眼淚
03:27
because they all make you cry.
78
195628
2000
但這些錄音讓你們哭了
03:29
The entire project is predicated on this act of love
79
197628
2714
我們整個項目都是基於這種愛的行為
03:32
which is listening itself.
80
200342
1551
也就是聆聽
03:33
And that motion of building an institution
81
201893
2785
出於談話及傾聽
03:36
out of a moment of conversation and listening
82
204678
1841
而建造一個公共機構
03:38
is actually a lot of what my firm, Local Projects,
83
206519
1852
大體說來，正是我們公司（Local Projects）
03:40
is doing with our engagements in general.
84
208371
2999
受委託而踐行的事
03:43
So we're a media design firm, and we're working
85
211370
1730
我們是一家媒體設計公司
03:45
with a broad array of different institutions
86
213100
2149
並且和許多不同機構有合作關係
03:47
building media installations for museums and public spaces.
87
215249
3233
主要是給博物館及在公共空間安裝媒體設備
03:50
Our latest engagement is the Cleveland Museum of Art,
88
218482
2676
我們最近的委託方是克利夫蘭藝術博物館
03:53
which we've created an engagement called Gallery One for.
89
221158
3080
我們已在那兒創建了一個
叫“第一畫廊”的互動設計
叫“第一畫廊”的互動設計
03:56
And Gallery One is an interesting project
90
224238
2146
“第一畫廊”是個很有趣的項目
03:58
because it started with this massive, $350 million expansion
91
226384
4192
因為是從這個巨大的、
價值三億五千萬美元的擴展入手
價值三億五千萬美元的擴展入手
04:02
for the Cleveland Museum of Art,
92
230576
1479
給克利夫蘭藝術博物館進行設計
04:04
and we actually brought in this piece
93
232055
2327
實際上，我們引進這個設備
04:06
specifically to grow new capacity, new audiences,
94
234382
2503
特地用來創造新空間，吸引新觀眾
04:08
at the same time that the museum itself is growing.
95
236885
2809
同時博物館也在擴大
04:11
Glenn Lowry, the head of MoMA, put it best when he said,
96
239694
2204
紐約現代藝術博物館（MoMA）
館長格倫•洛瑞做了最好的詮釋
館長格倫•洛瑞做了最好的詮釋
04:13
"We want visitors to actually cease being visitors.
97
241898
2854
他說，“我們不要讓遊客再做遊客，
04:16
Visitors are transient. We want people who live here,
98
244752
2179
遊客都是暫時的，我們需要住在這裡的、
04:18
people who have ownership."
99
246931
1673
有所有權的人。 ”
04:20
And so what we're doing is making a broad array
100
248604
1785
所以我們正在做的，就是運用許多不同方式
04:22
of different ways for people to actually engage
101
250389
1698
所以我們正在做的，就是運用許多不同方式
04:24
with the material inside of these galleries,
102
252087
2199
讓人們能與畫廊裡的展品進行互動
04:26
so you can still have a traditional gallery experience,
103
254286
2783
因此，你仍能以傳統的方式參觀畫廊
04:29
but if you're interested, you can actually engage
104
257069
2508
但是，如果你感興趣的話
04:31
with any individual artwork and see the original context
105
259577
2801
你還可以和任意藝術品進行互動
04:34
from where it's from, or manipulate the work itself.
106
262378
2742
看看它的原始脈絡，或者控制這個展品
04:37
So, for example, you can click on this individual lion head,
107
265120
2715
比如，你可以點擊這個獅頭
04:39
and this is where it originated from, 1300 B.C.
108
267835
3274
這就是它發源的地方，公元前一千三百年
04:43
Or this individual piece here,
109
271109
2110
或者點擊這件獨立藝術品
04:45
you can see the actual bedroom. It really changes the way
110
273219
2515
你會看到這個實際的臥室
04:47
you think about this type of a tempera painting.
111
275734
3340
而且牠能改變你對這類蛋彩畫的看法
04:51
This is one of my favorites because you see the studio itself.
112
279074
2498
這是我最喜歡的作品之一
因為能看到工作室的原貌
因為能看到工作室的原貌
04:53
This is Rodin's bust. You get the sense
113
281572
1845
這是羅丹的半身像，你們可以感受到
04:55
of this incredible factory for creativity.
114
283417
2468
這個令人難以置信的、為創造而建的工廠
04:57
And it makes you think about literally the hundreds
115
285885
1832
它會讓你直接聯想到幾千年
04:59
or thousands of years of human creativity and how
116
287717
2595
甚至幾萬年前人類的創造力
05:02
each individual artwork stands in for part of that story.
117
290312
3055
還有每個藝術品是怎樣代表了那段歷史
05:05
This is Picasso,
118
293367
1291
這是畢加索
05:06
of course embodying so much of it from the 20th century.
119
294658
2978
當然很多是收錄自二十世紀
05:09
And so our next interface, which I'll show you,
120
297636
2301
而且我要展示的下一個界面
05:11
actually leverages that idea of this lineage of creativity.
121
299937
3183
實際上影響了這種創造力傳承的理念
05:15
It's an algorithm that actually allows you to browse
122
303120
3618
牠是一種演算法則，但卻能讓你
05:18
the actual museum's collection using facial recognition.
123
306738
3199
通過面部識別的方式瀏覽博物館內的藏品
05:21
So this person's making different faces,
124
309937
1926
這個人正在扮不同的鬼臉
05:23
and it's actually drawing forth different objects
125
311863
2407
但實際上，根據她扮的鬼臉
05:26
from the collection that connect with exactly how she's looking.
126
314270
3240
能夠提取出館藏中相關聯的不同物品
05:29
And so you can imagine that, as people are performing
127
317510
4045
所以可以想見，
05:33
inside of the museum itself, you get this sense
128
321555
2530
當人們在博物館裡“表演”時
05:36
of this emotional connection,
129
324085
1000
你能感受到這種情感聯繫
05:37
this way in which our face connects with the thousands
130
325085
2353
這樣的話，我們的面部表情
05:39
and tens of thousands of years.
131
327438
1913
就能與幾萬年前聯繫起來
05:41
This is an interface that actually allows you to draw
132
329351
2195
事實上，這個界面還能讓你
05:43
and then draws forth objects using those same shapes.
133
331546
3944
反复提取出你畫出的形狀相關的物品
05:47
So more and more we're trying to find ways
134
335490
1665
所以，我們正在尋求更多的方式
05:49
for people to actually author things inside of the museums themselves,
135
337155
3086
讓人們在博物館裡進行創作
05:52
to be creative even as they're looking
136
340241
2000
甚至在看到別人的創意後，並將其理解
05:54
at other people's creativity and understanding them.
137
342241
2688
自己也會富有創造力
05:56
So in this wall, the collections wall,
138
344929
2321
在這面藏品牆上
05:59
you can actually see all 3,000 artworks all at the same time,
139
347250
3499
你能同時看到三千件藝術品
06:02
and you can actually author your own
140
350749
1876
而且可以製作你的專屬博物館漫步遊
06:04
individual walking tours of the museum, so you can share them,
141
352625
3365
所以你才能分享它們
06:07
and someone can take a tour with the museum director
142
355990
2802
人們可以和館長在館內漫步遊
06:10
or a tour with their little cousin.
143
358792
2230
也可以和其小堂兄妹一起
06:13
But all the while that we've been working
144
361022
1090
但儘管我們一直竭力完成
06:14
on this engagement for Cleveland,
145
362112
2138
克利夫蘭藝術博物館的委託
06:16
we've also been working in the background
146
364250
1435
同時，我們也一直致力於
06:17
on really our largest engagement to date,
147
365685
2001
迄今最大的委託
06:19
and that's the 9/11 Memorial and Museum.
148
367686
3584
也就是9·11事件紀念博物館
06:23
So we started in 2006
149
371270
2609
我們從二零零六年開始
06:25
as part of a team with Thinc Design
150
373879
2544
就把牠作為團隊工作的部分
和 Thinc Design 團隊一道
和 Thinc Design 團隊一道
06:28
to create the original master plan for the museum,
151
376423
2497
為該博物館創建總體規劃圖
06:30
and then we've done all the media design
152
378920
1700
之後我們為該博物館和紀念館
06:32
both for the museum and the memorial and then the media production.
153
380620
2587
做了所有的媒體設計，然後是媒體製作
06:35
So the memorial opened in 2011,
154
383207
2870
於是該紀念館在二零一一年開館了
06:38
and the museum's going to open next year in 2014.
155
386077
2525
博物館將會在明年開館，也就是二零一四年
06:40
And you can see from these images,
156
388602
1284
從這些圖片可以看出
06:41
the site is so raw and almost archaeological.
157
389886
3608
場地還很原始，跟考古現場差不多
06:45
And of course the event itself is so recent,
158
393494
1974
而且9·11事件也離我們非常近
06:47
somewhere between history and current events,
159
395468
2752
介乎歷史和時事之間
06:50
it was a huge challenge to imagine
160
398220
1483
這是個巨大的挑戰
06:51
how do you actually live up to a space like this,
161
399703
2950
要構建如此巨大的場館
06:54
an event like this, to actually tell that story.
162
402653
2194
及事故現場，還有敘述那段故事
06:56
And so what we started with
163
404847
2013
於是在二零零九年
06:58
was really a new way of thinking about building an institution,
164
406860
3631
我們從一個叫做“製造歷史”的項目入手
07:02
through a project called Make History,
165
410491
1507
該項目的確是一個
07:03
which we launched in 2009.
166
411998
1835
建造公共機構的新思路
07:05
So it's estimated that a third of the world
167
413833
2933
據估計，世界上三分之一的人
07:08
watched 9/11 live,
168
416766
1680
觀看了9·11事件直播
07:10
and a third of the world
169
418446
1323
三分之一的人在二十四小時內
07:11
heard about it within 24 hours,
170
419769
1479
聽說了這起事件
07:13
making it really by nature of when it happened,
171
421248
2368
當它發生時，這都自然而然使得
07:15
this unprecedented moment of global awareness.
172
423616
3200
這個空前時刻具有了全球化意識
07:18
And so we launched this to capture the stories
173
426816
2291
所以我們發起這個項目，
07:21
from all around the world,
174
429107
1103
旨在全球蒐集故事
07:22
through video, through photos,
175
430210
1666
通過錄像，通過照片
07:23
through written history,
176
431876
1177
通過書本記載
07:25
and so people's experiences on that day,
177
433053
1724
所以人們那天的經歷
07:26
which was, in fact, this huge risk for the institution
178
434777
2066
事實上，機構要面臨的巨大風險是第一步
07:28
to make its first move this open platform.
179
436843
2469
即，把這些經歷放到這個開放的平台上
07:31
But that was coupled together with this oral histories booth,
180
439312
2958
但還要加上這個口述故事隔間
07:34
really the simplest we've ever made,
181
442270
1117
這真的是我們做過最簡單的
07:35
where you locate yourself on a map.
182
443387
1128
你可以在地圖上給自己定位
07:36
It's in six languages, and you can tell your own story
183
444515
2576
它支援六種語言
07:39
about what happened to you on that day.
184
447091
2012
你可以講述那天你自己經歷的事
07:41
And when we started seeing the incredible images
185
449103
3357
但我們看到這些驚人的圖片
07:44
and stories that came forth
186
452460
1448
和故事
07:45
from all around the world --
187
453908
1269
從全世界湧來的時候
07:47
this is obviously part of the landing gear --
188
455177
2072
（這個很明顯是起落架的殘骸）
07:49
we really started to understand
189
457249
2189
我們才開始真正理解到
07:51
that there was this amazing symmetry
190
459438
2085
9·11事件本身
07:53
between the event itself,
191
461523
1523
有不可思議的對稱性
07:55
between the way that people were telling the stories of the event,
192
463046
2299
人們講述故事的方式和我們需要怎樣講述之間
07:57
and how we ourselves needed to tell that story.
193
465345
3296
也存在對稱性
08:00
This image in particular really captured
194
468641
2154
尤其這張照片，
08:02
our attention at the time,
195
470795
1181
當時真的吸引了我們的注意力
08:03
because it so much sums up that event.
196
471976
2488
因為它很好的概述了9·11事件
08:06
This is a shot from the Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel.
197
474464
2607
這個鏡頭是在砲台隧道捕捉到的
08:09
There's a firefighter that's stuck, actually, in traffic,
198
477071
3129
有輛消防車遇上交通堵塞
08:12
and so the firefighters themselves are running
199
480200
2828
所以這些消防員就扛著超過七十磅的裝備
08:15
a mile and a half to the site itself
200
483028
1609
跑了一點五英里
08:16
with upwards of 70 pounds of gear on their back.
201
484637
2970
到達指定地點
08:19
And we got this amazing email that said,
202
487607
2793
之後我們收到了這封不可思議的郵件
08:22
"While viewing the thousands of photos on the site,
203
490400
1838
“在翻看不計其數的現場照片時，
08:24
I unexpectedly found a photo of my son.
204
492238
2973
我無意間發現一張我兒子的照片。
08:27
It was a shock emotionally, yet a blessing to find this photo,"
205
495211
2960
那是種感情衝擊，
但能發現這張照片也是件幸事。 ”
但能發現這張照片也是件幸事。 ”
08:30
and he was writing because he said,
206
498171
1321
他寫郵件過來是因為他說
08:31
"I'd like to personally thank the photographer
207
499492
2340
“我想感謝貼出這張照片
08:33
for posting the photo,
208
501832
1149
的攝影師，
08:34
as it meant more than words can describe to me
209
502981
2102
這很可能是我兒子最後一張照片，
08:37
to have access to what is probably
210
505083
1793
但我可以發現它，
08:38
the last photo ever taken of my son."
211
506876
4443
它的意義我已經不能用語言表達。 ”
08:43
And it really made us recognize
212
511319
2301
這真的讓我們認識到
08:45
what this institution needed to be
213
513620
2601
如果要講述9·11事件
08:48
in order to actually tell that story.
214
516221
2370
這個機構應該怎麼做
08:50
We can't have just a historian or a curator narrating
215
518591
3796
我們不能只讓一個歷史學家或館長
08:54
objectively in the third person about an event like that,
216
522387
3247
站在第三者的角度客觀描述那樣一個事件
08:57
when you have the witnesses to history
217
525634
2530
尤其是當那麼多歷史見證者
09:00
who are going to make their way
218
528164
846
將要在這個博物館中
09:01
through the actual museum itself.
219
529010
3145
參觀的時候
09:04
And so we started imagining the museum,
220
532155
1873
於是我們開始構思這個博物館
09:06
along with the creative team at the museum and the curators,
221
534028
3372
和館內的創意團隊和館長們一起思考
09:09
thinking about how the first voice that you would hear
222
537400
1897
館內的第一個聲音要怎樣
09:11
inside the museum would actually be of other visitors.
223
539297
2609
才能引起參觀者的共鳴
09:13
And so we created this idea of an opening gallery
224
541906
2488
所以我們採取了一個開放式長廊的想法
09:16
called We Remember.
225
544394
1437
叫做“銘記”
09:17
And I'll just play you part of a mockup of it,
226
545831
1825
接下來就讓大家聽聽模擬長廊內的部分錄音
09:19
but you get a sense of what it's like to actually enter
227
547656
1947
但你能體會到身處那個時刻
09:21
into that moment in time
228
549603
1263
是怎樣的感覺
09:22
and be transported back in history.
229
550866
3253
會被帶回到歷史中去
09:26
(Video) Voice 1: I was in Honolulu, Hawaii.
Voice 2: I was in Cairo, Egypt.
Voice 2: I was in Cairo, Egypt.
230
554119
3811
我在夏威夷檀香山
我在埃及開羅
我在埃及開羅
09:29
Voice 3: Sur les Champs-Élysées, à Paris.
Voice 4: In college, at U.C. Berkeley.
Voice 4: In college, at U.C. Berkeley.
231
557930
3438
我在巴黎香榭麗舍大街
我在加州大學伯克利分校
我在加州大學伯克利分校
09:33
Voice 5: I was in Times Square.
Voice 6: São Paolo, Brazil.
Voice 6: São Paolo, Brazil.
232
561368
3206
我在時代廣場
我在巴西聖保羅市
我在巴西聖保羅市
09:36
(Multiple voices)
233
564574
4616
（多重聲音）
09:41
Voice 7: It was probably about 11 o'clock at night.
234
569190
2796
大約在晚上十一點
09:43
Voice 8: I was driving to work at 5:45 local time in the morning.
235
571986
3748
我在開車上班的路上，當地時間早上五點四十五分
09:47
Voice 9: We were actually in a meeting
236
575734
1261
我們當時正在開會，
09:48
when someone barged in and said,
237
576995
1727
有人突然闖進來說
09:50
"Oh my God, a plane has just crashed into the World Trade Center."
238
578722
3793
“天啊，一架飛機剛撞到世貿大廈上了！”
09:54
Voice 10: Trying to frantically get to a radio.
239
582515
2175
我瘋狂地尋找收音機
09:56
Voice 11: When I heard it over the radio --
240
584690
1429
當我在收音機上聽到這個事件時
09:58
Voice 12: Heard it on the radio.
241
586119
1376
從收音機上聽到這個事件
09:59
(Multiple voices)
242
587495
1750
（多重聲音）
10:01
Voice 13: I got a call from my father.
Voice 14: The phone rang, it woke me up.
Voice 14: The phone rang, it woke me up.
243
589245
2934
我接到父親打來的電話
電話響了，把我吵醒
電話響了，把我吵醒
10:04
My business partner told me to turn on the television.
244
592179
1941
我的生意搭檔讓我打開電視機
10:06
Voice 15: So I switched on the television.
245
594120
2369
於是我打開電視機
10:08
Voice 16: All channels in Italy were displaying the same thing.
246
596489
2388
意大利的所有電視頻道都在播同一件事
10:10
Voice 17: The Twin Towers.
Voice 18: The Twin Towers.
Voice 18: The Twin Towers.
247
598877
2842
雙子塔
雙子塔
雙子塔
10:13
JB: And you move from there
248
601719
1097
傑克•巴頓：之後你就會從那邊走到
10:14
into that open, cavernous space.
249
602816
2084
那個空曠的穴狀空間
10:16
This is the so-called slurry wall.
250
604900
1885
這就是所謂的槽壁
10:18
It's the original, excavated wall at the base of the World Trade Center
251
606785
3174
就是這個從世貿大廈底部掘出的牆
10:21
that withstood the actual pressure from the Hudson River
252
609959
3002
在9·11事件後承受了整整一年
10:24
for a full year after the event itself.
253
612961
2037
來自哈德遜河的壓力
10:26
And so we thought about carrying that sense of authenticity,
254
614998
3201
所以我們想，通過這種真實性
10:30
of presence of that moment
255
618199
2375
把當時的感受
10:32
into the actual exhibition itself.
256
620574
1525
體現到實物上
10:34
And we tell the stories of being inside the towers
257
622099
2750
通過上述的合成音頻
10:36
through that same audio collage,
258
624849
1534
我們在雙子塔內講述那些故事
10:38
so you're hearing people literally talking about
259
626383
1967
所以當人們在館內參觀的時候
10:40
seeing the planes as they make their way into the building,
260
628350
2924
你能聽見他們說看見飛機撞上大廈
10:43
or making their way down the stairwells.
261
631274
2103
或從樓梯往下跑的事
10:45
And as you make your way into the exhibition
262
633377
2247
當你走進講述重建的展廳
10:47
where it talks about the recovery,
263
635624
1846
當你走進講述重建的展廳
10:49
we actually project directly onto these moments
264
637470
2488
我們直接把人們站在
10:51
of twisted steel all of the experiences from people
265
639958
3197
扭曲鋼筋堆上的經歷
10:55
who literally excavated on top of the pile itself.
266
643155
3335
表現了出來
10:58
And so you can hear oral histories --
267
646490
2004
所以你們能聽見口述歷史
11:00
so people who were actually working the so-called bucket brigades
268
648494
2471
你們能看到在水桶傳遞隊工作的人
11:02
as you're seeing literally the thousands of experiences
269
650965
3185
當你觀看源於當時的
11:06
from that moment.
270
654150
1835
無數經歷時
11:07
And as you leave that storytelling moment
271
655985
1854
在走出理解9·11事件的
11:09
understanding about 9/11,
272
657839
1863
講故事時刻後
11:11
we then turn the museum back into a moment of listening
273
659702
3048
我們讓博物館重新回到聆聽時刻
11:14
and actually talk to the individual visitors
274
662750
2772
然後和參觀者單獨交談
11:17
and ask them their own experiences about 9/11.
275
665522
2631
詢問一些他們自己的9·11事件經歷
11:20
And we ask them questions that are actually
276
668153
1217
還會問一些他們不太好回答的問題
11:21
not really answerable, the types of questions
277
669370
2038
還會問一些他們不太好回答的問題
11:23
that 9/11 itself draws forth for all of us.
278
671408
3496
這些問題都是由9·11事件引出的
11:26
And so these are questions like,
279
674904
1422
就像如下這些問題
11:28
"How can a democracy balance freedom and security?"
280
676326
3157
民主是怎麼平衡自由和安全的？
11:31
"How could 9/11 have happened?"
281
679483
3574
9·11事件怎麼會發生？
11:35
"And how did the world change after 9/11?"
282
683057
2135
9·11事件後世界發生了怎樣的改變？
11:37
And so these oral histories,
283
685192
1531
所以這些口述歷史
11:38
which we've actually been capturing already for years,
284
686723
2883
這些我們蒐集多年的口述歷史
11:41
are then mixed together with interviews
285
689606
2139
與我們所做的專訪是混在一起
11:43
that we're doing with people like Donald Rumsfeld,
286
691745
2226
比如唐納德•拉姆斯菲爾德
11:45
Bill Clinton, Rudy Giuliani,
287
693971
1872
比爾•克林頓，魯迪•朱利安尼
11:47
and you mix together these different players
288
695843
2120
你會把這些不同的9·11事件角色
11:49
and these different experiences,
289
697963
1031
體驗
11:50
these different reflection points about 9/11.
290
698994
2366
和反射點糅合在一起
11:53
And suddenly the institution, once again,
291
701360
1695
突然，博物館再次
11:55
turns into a listening experience.
292
703055
2341
投向聆聽體驗
11:57
So I'll play you just a short excerpt
293
705396
1821
接下來我給大家播放一段模擬節選
11:59
of a mockup that we made of a couple of these voices,
294
707217
1954
這個節選就是我們用其中的一些錄音做的
12:01
but you really get a sense
295
709171
1797
但它的確會讓你感受到
12:02
of the poetry of everyone's reflection on the event.
296
710968
3947
其中每個人對9·11事件沉思的詩意
12:06
(Video) Voice 1: 9/11 was not just a New York experience.
297
714915
3343
9·11事件不僅是紐約的不幸遭遇
12:10
Voice 2: It's something that we shared, and it's something that united us.
298
718258
4010
它是我們共享的東西，是連結我們的東西
12:14
Voice 3: And I knew when I saw that,
299
722268
1554
當我看到現場後我就知道
12:15
people who were there that day who immediately
300
723822
2055
那天在現場的人們
12:17
went to help people known and unknown to them
301
725877
3060
他們立即跑去幫助認識的、不認識的人
12:20
was something that would pull us through.
302
728937
2018
他們的行為會使我們渡過難關
12:22
Voice 4: All the outpouring of affection and emotion
303
730955
2819
所有來自我們國家的感情
12:25
that came from our country was something really
304
733774
1968
和情緒傾瀉
12:27
that will forever, ever stay with me.
305
735742
2818
會永遠永遠留在我心中
12:30
Voice 5: Still today I pray and think about those
306
738560
1746
直到現在我仍會想起那些逝者
12:32
who lost their lives,
307
740306
1689
為他們祈禱
12:33
and those who gave their lives to help others,
308
741995
2677
還有那些奉獻自己、幫助他人的人
12:36
but I'm also reminded of the fabric of this country,
309
744672
3419
但我同樣意識到了這個國家的構成
12:40
the love, the compassIon, the strength,
310
748091
2320
關愛、慈悲和力量
12:42
and I watched a nation come together
311
750411
2429
我看到一個國家在災難中
12:44
in the middle of a terrible tragedy.
312
752840
3559
團結在一起
12:50
JB: And so as people make their way out of the museum,
313
758013
2707
傑克•巴頓：當遊者走出博物館
12:52
reflecting on the experience, reflecting on their own thoughts of it,
314
760720
3088
思考著9·11事件，回想著自己的想法
12:55
they then move into the actual space of the memorial itself,
315
763808
3176
然後他們走到紀念館中
12:58
because they've gone back up to grade,
316
766984
2078
因為他們回顧了足夠多
13:01
and we actually got involved in the memorial
317
769062
2067
其實開始建造紀念館
13:03
after we'd done the museum for a few years.
318
771129
2239
已經是我們建造博物館幾年之後
13:05
The original designer of the memorial, Michael Arad,
319
773368
2809
紀念館的原設計師麥克•埃拉德的設想圖像裡
13:08
had this image in his mind of all the names appearing
320
776177
2530
紀念館的原設計師麥克•埃拉德的設想圖像裡
13:10
undifferentiated, almost random,
321
778707
2396
浮現出的名字都沒明顯特點，近乎隨機
13:13
really a poetic reflection on top of the nature
322
781103
3832
的確是超出9·11恐怖襲擊本質的詩意反映
13:16
of a terrorism event itself,
323
784935
1517
的確是超出9·11恐怖襲擊本質的詩意反映
13:18
but it was a huge challenge for the families, for the foundation,
324
786452
3108
但對所有家庭、基金會來說卻是巨大的挑戰
13:21
certainly for the first responders,
325
789560
1876
當然還有第一目擊者
13:23
and there was a negotiation that went forth
326
791436
2130
還有協商需要進行
13:25
and a solution was found
327
793566
1513
和不依照大事記或字母順序的建造解決方案
13:27
to actually create not an order in terms of chronology,
328
795079
3363
和不依照大事記或字母順序的建造解決方案
13:30
or in terms of alphabetical,
329
798442
1364
和不依照大事記或字母順序的建造解決方案
13:31
but through what's called meaningful adjacency.
330
799806
2146
但是得貫穿所謂的意涵豐富的毗鄰
13:33
So these are groupings of the names themselves
331
801952
2751
這些名字組看起來沒特點
13:36
which appear undifferentiated but actually have an order,
332
804703
2668
但其實是有序的
13:39
and we, along with Jer Thorp, created an algorithm
333
807371
3236
我們和傑•索普一起製造了一個演算平台
13:42
to take massive amounts of data
334
810607
1995
讓牠承載海量的數據
13:44
to actually start to connect together all these different names themselves.
335
812602
3325
來開始把所有各不相同的名字連結起來
13:47
So this is an image of the actual algorithm itself
336
815927
3032
這就是那個演算平台的圖像
13:50
with the names scrambled for privacy,
337
818959
2356
名字都以密碼形式呈現
是為了保護隱私
是為了保護隱私
13:53
but you can see that these blocks of color
338
821315
2380
但你們可以看到這些顏色塊
13:55
are actually the four different flights,
339
823695
1950
實際上是四架不同的飛機
13:57
the two different towers, the first responders,
340
825645
2777
兩座不同的塔樓，還有第一目擊者們
14:00
and you can actually see within that different floors,
341
828422
2572
在不同層級之間，你能清楚的看到
14:02
and then the green lines are the interpersonal connections
342
830994
2775
這些綠線是應受害家庭要求
14:05
that were requested by the families themselves.
343
833785
3174
添上去的人際關係線
14:08
And so when you go to the memorial,
344
836959
2381
當你去到紀念館
14:11
you can actually see the overarching organization
345
839340
2650
你會發現這個拱形紀念館是在兩個單獨的泳池內部
14:13
inside of the individual pools themselves.
346
841990
2884
你會發現這個拱形紀念館是在兩個單獨的泳池內部
14:16
You can see the way that the geography of the event
347
844874
2370
還有9·11事件的地形分佈
14:19
is reflected inside of the memorial,
348
847244
2883
是如何在紀念館內部得到體現的
14:22
and you can search for an individual name,
349
850127
1828
而且你還能搜索任意一個名字
14:23
or in this case an employer, Cantor Fitzgerald,
350
851955
2575
這裡我們以雇主坎托-菲茨杰拉德公司為例
14:26
and see the way in which all of those names,
351
854530
2396
看看這數以千計的人名
14:28
those hundreds of names, are actually organized
352
856926
2110
是如何井然有序的排列
14:31
onto the memorial itself,
353
859036
1692
在紀念館內的
14:32
and use that to navigate the memorial.
354
860728
2618
然後通過它在館內找到正確方向
14:35
And more importantly, when you're actually at the site
355
863346
1936
更重要的是，當你身處紀念館內時
14:37
of the memorial, you can see those connections.
356
865282
1479
你就能看到那些關係
14:38
You can see the relationships between the different names themselves.
357
866761
3620
你能清楚看出不同名字之間的關聯
14:42
So suddenly what is this undifferentiated, anonymous
358
870381
3269
所以這些沒有突出特點的名字組
14:45
group of names springs into reality as an individual life.
359
873650
4678
就會以獨立生活經歷的方式融入現實
14:50
In this case, Harry Ramos,
360
878328
2168
這里以哈里•拉莫斯為例
14:52
who was the head trader at an investment bank,
361
880496
2339
他曾是一個投資銀行的操盤手主管
14:54
who stopped to aid Victor Wald on the 55th floor of the South Tower.
362
882835
5038
正是他停下來救助南塔樓五十五層
的維克托•沃爾德
的維克托•沃爾德
14:59
And Ramos told Wald, according to witnesses,
363
887873
2685
據目擊者稱，拉莫斯告訴沃爾德
15:02
"I'm not going to leave you."
364
890558
2470
“我不會丟下你的。”
15:05
And Wald's widow requested that they be listed next to each other.
365
893028
5576
於是沃爾德的遺孀要求
把他們的名字列在一起
把他們的名字列在一起
15:10
Three generations ago, we had to actually get people
366
898604
3202
三代人前，我們必須讓人去到全國各地
15:13
to go out and capture the stories for common people.
367
901806
3397
才能蒐集到普通百姓的故事
15:17
Today, of course, there's an unprecedented amount of stories
368
905203
3468
現在，我們毫無疑問能夠
15:20
for all of us that are being captured for future generations.
369
908671
3898
為後代蒐集不可勝數的故事
15:24
And this is our hope, that's there's poetry inside of each of our stories.
370
912569
3513
我們的願望就是
讓每一個故事都能從本質上體現出詩意
讓每一個故事都能從本質上體現出詩意
15:28
Thank you very much.
371
916097
924
謝謝大家
15:29
(Applause)
372
917021
4857
（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jake Barton - Designer and storytellerPrincipal of the New York media design firm, Local Projects, Jake Barton creates interactive and digital exhibits for the likes of the 9/11 Memorial Museum, Cleveland Museum of Art and Storycorps.
Why you should listen
Jake Barton is principal and founder of Local Projects, a New York-based design firm which specializes in media design. Since 2006, Barton and his team have been working on creating the media design for the 9/11 Memorial and Museum; they also worked to develop the algorithm used to place names around the 9/11 Memorial itself. Other clients include the Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum, the Frank Gehry-designed Eisenhower Presidential Memorial and Cleveland Museum of Art.
In 2013, Local Projects was named the National Design Award winner for Interaction Design, while in 2011 it was listed as the second most innovative design firm by Fast Company magazine. Meanwhile, The Atlantic writes of Barton, "At the crux of Barton's work is the idea of collaborative storytelling, which invites museum and memorial visitors to share their own experiences, observations, and memories through interactive technology, turning passive observers into active participants."
Jake Barton | Speaker | TED.com