Lisa Genova: What you can do to prevent Alzheimer's
Lisa Genova: Què podem fer per prevenir l'Alzheimer.
Through her fiction, Lisa Genova beckons us into the lives of people with neurological disease, making their worlds real and relatable. Full bio
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to be at least 80 years old?
fins als 80 anys?
this hopeful expectation
Alzheimer's disease.
"Well, it won't be me."
is likely to affect us all.
tan terrible ens afecti a tots.
stems from the sense
prové de la idea
have no disease-modifying treatment
encara no hi ha cap tractament
to live long enough,
our brain's destiny.
del nostre cervell.
change these statistics,
aquestes estadístiques,
or advancements in medicine?
o avenços en la medicina?
what we currently understand
ara per ara
of two neurons connecting.
connectades.
this space circled in red,
neurotransmitters are released.
els neurotransmissors.
where communication happens.
on té lloc la comunicació.
feel, see, hear, desire ...
escoltem, desitgem...
is where Alzheimer's happens.
of what's going on.
of communicating information,
like glutamate into the synapse,
glutamats a la sinapsi,
called amyloid beta.
un petit pèptid: el beta amiloide.
metabolized by microglia,
metabolitzat per les micròglies,
of Alzheimer's are still debated,
de l'Alzheimer encara es debaten,
that the disease begins
la malaltia comença
or not enough is cleared away,
to pile up with amyloid beta.
de beta amiloides.
called amyloid plaques.
uns agregats enganxifosos.
are 40 years old or older?
plaques accumulating,
que s'acumulen
would be through a PET scan,
seria amb un escàner PET,
you are blissfully unaware.
feliçment inconscients.
in memory, language, or cognition ...
llenguatge o capacitats cognitives...
of amyloid plaque accumulation
d'amiloides de 15 a 20 anys
symptoms of the disease.
de la malaltia.
might include things like,
poden incloure coses com
start freaking out again,
one of those in the last 24 hours --
una d'aquestes en les darreres 24 hores,
to where you put your keys
a on deixaven les claus
language and cognition are different.
cognició són diferents.
your keys in your coat pocket
a la butxaca,
accumulate to this tipping point?
s'acumulen fins a aquest punt crític?
become hyper-activated,
passen a estar hiperactivades,
inflammation and cellular damage.
inflamació i dany cel·lular.
start clearing away
called "tau" becomes hyperphosphorylated
la tau, passa a estar hiperfosforilada
into something called "tangles,"
from the inside.
we have massive inflammation and tangles
tenim una gran inflamació, cabdells,
trying to cure this disease,
aquesta malaltia,
want to intervene?
on the simplest solution:
més senzilla:
from reaching that tipping point,
arribin al punt crític,
focused on developing a compound
se centra en crear una combinació
amyloid plaque accumulation.
l'acumulació de plaques amiloides.
a preventative medicine.
una medicina de prevenció.
before we reach that tipping point,
abans d'arribar al punt crític,
our keys in the refrigerator.
les claus a la nevera.
these kinds of drugs have failed
han fallat
were already symptomatic.
ja mostraven símptomes.
com un llumí.
sets fire to the forest.
al bosc.
to blow out the match.
before the forest catches fire.
abans que el bosc s'incendiï.
really good news for us,
can influence the accumulation
pot influenciar l'acumulació
that tipping point.
of Alzheimer's as a see-saw scale.
en una balança.
risk factors on one arm,
you are symptomatic
ja són simptomàtics
some amyloid plaques with age.
les plaques amiloides.
from our moms and our dads.
de les nostres mares i pares.
and some will decrease it.
el risc i d'altres el disminuiran.
that cranks out amyloid beta,
que produeix beta amiloides sense parar,
your scale arm to the ground.
cap a terra.
will only tip the arm a bit.
només desviaran una mica el braç.
that increases amyloid,
que augmenta els amiloides,
from mom and dad
de la mare i el pare
whether we get Alzheimer's.
si tindrem la malaltia.
or the genes we've inherited.
ni els gens heretats.
our brain's destiny.
del cervell.
rinse cerebral spinal fluid
esbandeixen líquid cefalorraquidi
that accumulated in our synapses
que s'han acumulat a les sinapsis
a power cleanse for the brain.
del cervell.
yourself on sleep?
be a predictor of Alzheimer's.
un predictor de l'Alzheimer.
leads to an increase in amyloid beta.
condueix a un augment de beta amiloides.
has been shown to disrupt sleep,
s'ha demostrat que altera el son,
more amyloid to accumulate.
d'amiloides.
this positive feedback loop
que es retroalimenta
the tipping of that scale.
obesity, smoking, high cholesterol,
fumar i el colesterol alt
of developing Alzheimer's.
de desenvolupar Alzheimer.
of people with Alzheimer's
amb Alzheimer
l'aeròbic redueix la beta amiloide
in many studies to decrease amyloid beta
Mediterranean lifestyle and diet
desviació de la balança.
the tipping of this scale.
l'Alzheimer.
the onset of Alzheimer's.
you haven't done any of them.
i teniu Alzheimer a la família.
so you've likely inherited a gene or two
at both ends for years;
someone's chasing you.
have reached that tipping point.
són al punt crític.
and cell death.
mort cel·lular.
de la malaltia.
per trobar les paraules i les claus,
finding words and keys
at the beginning of this talk.
a l'inici de la xerrada.
per protegir-vos
to protect yourself
the symptoms of Alzheimer's,
de l'Alzheimer,
pathology ablaze in your brain.
us cremi al cervell.
i la reserva cognitiva.
and cognitive reserve.
of having Alzheimer's
de sinapsis.
over a hundred trillion synapses,
we've got a lot to work with.
called neural plasticity.
new neural connections,
when the study began,
al principi de l'estudi,
tests cognitius regularment,
physical checkups and cognitive tests,
were all donated for autopsy.
per a autòpsia.
una cosa inesperada.
discovered something surprising.
and tangles and brain shrinkage --
i reducció del cervell
unquestionable Alzheimer's --
to these brains showed no signs
while they were alive.
had a high level of cognitive reserve,
nivell de reserva cognitiva,
més sinapsis funcionals.
more functional synapses.
d'educació formal,
of formal education,
in mentally stimulating activities,
and a redundancy in neural connections.
de connexions neuronals.
com l'Alzheimer,
like Alzheimer's
that anything is amiss.
que alguna cosa va malament
una cosa d'un tema.
about a subject.
wrote "Still Alice,"
'Sempre Alice',
you know about me.
and inflammation
i inflamació
"Hey, who wrote 'Still Alice?'"
"Qui ha escrit aquest llibre?"
is either failing or gone.
o ja no hi és.
four things about me.
o destruit.
are damaged or destroyed.
per evitar el desastre.
to detour the wreckage.
de patologia de la malaltia
to the presence of Alzheimer's pathology
of yet-undamaged pathways.
this cognitive reserve,
molt riques en significat,
to be as rich in meaning as possible,
and associations and emotion.
i emocions.
doing crossword puzzles.
information you've already learned,
ja hem après,
llocs familiars,
down old, familiar streets,
someday diagnosed with Alzheimer's,
us diagnostiquen Alzheimer,
from my grandmother
living with this disease.
amb aquesta malaltia.
you're dying tomorrow.
to understand love and joy.
fa cinc minuts,
what I said five minutes ago,
som més del que recordem.
you can remember.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lisa Genova - Neuroscientist, novelistThrough her fiction, Lisa Genova beckons us into the lives of people with neurological disease, making their worlds real and relatable.
Why you should listen
Lisa Genova wields her ability to tell a story and her knowledge of the human brain to talk about medical conditions like Alzheimer’s in warmly human terms. Her writing, often focusing on those who are misunderstood, explores the lives of people living with neurological diseases and disorders. A bestselling author, her work has been transformed into an Oscar-winning film, Still Alice, but the real triumph is Genova’s ability to help us empathize with a person’s journey we otherwise couldn’t even begin to understand.
Her newest book, Inside the O’Briens, is about Huntington’s disease.
Lisa Genova | Speaker | TED.com