Lisa Genova: What you can do to prevent Alzheimer's
Lisa Genova: Apa yang dapat Anda lakukan untuk mencegah Alzheimer
Through her fiction, Lisa Genova beckons us into the lives of people with neurological disease, making their worlds real and relatable. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
hingga di atas usia 80 tahun?
to be at least 80 years old?
this hopeful expectation
di sekitar Anda.
Alzheimer's disease.
kena penyakit Alzheimer.
"Well, it won't be me."
si penderita Alzheimer.
is likely to affect us all.
sangat mungkin memengaruhi kita semua.
stems from the sense
berasal dari perasaan
have no disease-modifying treatment
penelitian, masih belum ada terapi
dan tidak ada obatnya
to live long enough,
our brain's destiny.
takdir otak kita.
change these statistics,
kita bisa mengubah statistika ini,
or advancements in medicine?
pengobatan atau kemajuan medis?
what we currently understand
apa yang kita ketahui saat ini
sudut pandang ilmu saraf.
of two neurons connecting.
yang saling berhubungan.
this space circled in red,
neurotransmitters are released.
dilepaskan,
where communication happens.
dan komunikasi terjadi.
feel, see, hear, desire ...
melihat, mendengar, menginginkan ...
is where Alzheimer's happens.
Alzheimer terjadi.
of what's going on.
aktivitasnya.
of communicating information,
like glutamate into the synapse,
transmiter seperti glutamat ke sinapsis,
called amyloid beta.
yang disebut beta amiloid.
metabolized by microglia,
dibersihkan oleh mikroglia --
of Alzheimer's are still debated,
masih diperdebatkan,
that the disease begins
bahwa penyakit ini dimulai
atau kurang banyak yang dibersihkan,
or not enough is cleared away,
to pile up with amyloid beta.
dengan beta amiloid.
mereka saling berikatan,
called amyloid plaques.
yang disebut plak amiloid.
are 40 years old or older?
berumur 40 tahun atau lebih?
plaques accumulating,
would be through a PET scan,
yaitu dengan PET scan,
you are blissfully unaware.
Anda tidak menyadarinya.
in memory, language, or cognition ...
dalam ingatan, bahasa, atau kognisi ...
of amyloid plaque accumulation
15-20 tahun untuk akumulasi plak amiloid
symptoms of the disease.
might include things like,
start freaking out again,
one of those in the last 24 hours --
setidaknya sekali dalam 24 jam ini.
bahwa contoh ini
to where you put your keys
di mana Anda meletakkan kunci
language and cognition are different.
kognisi menunjukkan hal berbeda.
your keys in your coat pocket
accumulate to this tipping point?
berakumulasi sampai titik kritis ini?
become hyper-activated,
menjadi hiper-aktif
inflammation and cellular damage.
radang dan kerusakan sel.
start clearing away
mulai membersihkan
called "tau" becomes hyperphosphorylated
disebut "tau" mengalami hiper-fosforilasi
into something called "tangles,"
disebut "tangles,"
from the inside.
we have massive inflammation and tangles
terjadi radang dan "tangles" besar-besaran
untuk menyembuhkan penyakit ini
trying to cure this disease,
want to intervene?
Anda turut campur?
on the simplest solution:
pada solusi yang paling sederhana:
from reaching that tipping point,
tidak mencapai titik kritis,
focused on developing a compound
berfokus pada pengembangan senyawa
amyloid plaque accumulation.
mengurangi akumulasi plak amiloid.
a preventative medicine.
akan menjadi pengobatan pencegahan.
before we reach that tipping point,
kita mencapai titik kritis,
our keys in the refrigerator.
meninggalkan kunci di kulkas.
these kinds of drugs have failed
obat-obat ini gagal
were already symptomatic.
sudah menunjukkan gejala.
sets fire to the forest.
to blow out the match.
before the forest catches fire.
sebelum hutan terbakar.
really good news for us,
untuk kita
can influence the accumulation
bisa memengaruhi akumulasi
that tipping point.
dari mencapai titik kritis.
of Alzheimer's as a see-saw scale.
sebagai jungkat-jungkit.
risk factors on one arm,
you are symptomatic
Anda menunjukkan gejala
some amyloid plaques with age.
di ujung sedikit.
from our moms and our dads.
and some will decrease it.
beberapa gen menurunkannya.
"Still Alice,"
that cranks out amyloid beta,
yang menghasilkan beta amiloid,
your scale arm to the ground.
jungkat-jungkit Anda mengenai lantai.
will only tip the arm a bit.
yang kita warisi sedikit berpengaruh.
that increases amyloid,
yang meningkatkan amiloid,
from mom and dad
dari ibu dan ayah
whether we get Alzheimer's.
apakah kita terkena Alzheimer.
or the genes we've inherited.
tentang penuaan atau gen yang kita warisi.
our brain's destiny.
takdir otak kita.
rinse cerebral spinal fluid
sel glial membilas cairan serebrospinal
that accumulated in our synapses
yang terkumpul di sinapsis kita,
a power cleanse for the brain.
kekuatan pembersih bagi otak.
yourself on sleep?
jika Anda mengurangi tidur Anda?
be a predictor of Alzheimer's.
bisa menjadi prediktor Alzheimer.
leads to an increase in amyloid beta.
peningkatan beta amiloid.
has been shown to disrupt sleep,
mengganggu tidur,
more amyloid to accumulate.
this positive feedback loop
umpan balik positif
the tipping of that scale.
bergeraknya jungkat-jungkit Anda.
obesity, smoking, high cholesterol,
kegemukan, merokok, kolesterol tinggi,
of developing Alzheimer's.
terkena Alzheimer.
of people with Alzheimer's
in many studies to decrease amyloid beta
pada penelitian menurunkan beta amiloid
Mediterranean lifestyle and diet
dan diet
the tipping of this scale.
bergeraknya jungkat-jungkit Anda.
the onset of Alzheimer's.
mulainya Alzheimer.
you haven't done any of them.
apa pun.
so you've likely inherited a gene or two
jadi Anda mungkin mewarisi 1 atau 2 gen
at both ends for years;
selama bertahun-tahun,
ada yang mengejar Anda
someone's chasing you.
have reached that tipping point.
sudah mencapai titik kritisnya.
and cell death.
finding words and keys
at the beginning of this talk.
untuk melindungi diri
to protect yourself
the symptoms of Alzheimer's,
pathology ablaze in your brain.
terkena penyakit di otak Anda.
and cognitive reserve.
dan cadangan kognitif.
of having Alzheimer's
dari kehilangan sinapsis.
over a hundred trillion synapses,
lebih dari 100 triliun sinapsis,
we've got a lot to work with.
sangat banyak untuk dimanfaatkan
sepanjang waktu,
called neural plasticity.
yang disebut kelenturan saraf.
new neural connections,
hubungan saraf baru,
when the study began,
saat penelitian dimulai,
physical checkups and cognitive tests,
tes kognitif secara teratur,
were all donated for autopsy.
didonorkan untuk autopsi.
discovered something surprising.
sesuatu yang mengejutkan.
and tangles and brain shrinkage --
dan pengecilan otak --
unquestionable Alzheimer's --
sebagai Alzheimer --
to these brains showed no signs
menunjukkan tidak ada tanda-tanda
while they were alive.
had a high level of cognitive reserve,
tingkat cadangan kognitif yang tinggi,
more functional synapses.
lebih banyak sinapsis yang fungsional.
of formal education,
bertahun-tahun,
in mentally stimulating activities,
dalam aktivitas yang merangsang mental,
cadangan kognitif.
and a redundancy in neural connections.
yang banyak dan berlebih.
like Alzheimer's
seperti Alzheimer
koneksi cadangan tambahan,
that anything is amiss.
bahwa ada sesuatu yang hilang.
about a subject.
tentang sesuatu.
wrote "Still Alice,"
"Still Alice,"
you know about me.
and inflammation
"Hey, who wrote 'Still Alice?'"
"Hai, siapa yang menulis Still Alice?"
is either failing or gone.
belajar banyak tentang saya?
four things about me.
are damaged or destroyed.
to detour the wreckage.
dari kehancuran tersebut.
to the presence of Alzheimer's pathology
penyakit Alzheimer
of yet-undamaged pathways.
this cognitive reserve,
cadangan kognitif,
to be as rich in meaning as possible,
kaya dengan makna,
and associations and emotion.
dan hubungan dan emosi.
doing crossword puzzles.
information you've already learned,
informasi yang sudah Anda pelajari,
down old, familiar streets,
jalan-jalan lama yang sudah dikenal,
someday diagnosed with Alzheimer's,
Anda didiagnosis Alzheimer,
from my grandmother
dari nenek saya
living with this disease.
hidup dengan penyakit ini.
you're dying tomorrow.
ingatan emosi Anda,
to understand love and joy.
dan kebahagiaan.
what I said five minutes ago,
yang saya katakan 5 menit yang lalu,
you can remember.
apa yang Anda dapat ingat.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lisa Genova - Neuroscientist, novelistThrough her fiction, Lisa Genova beckons us into the lives of people with neurological disease, making their worlds real and relatable.
Why you should listen
Lisa Genova wields her ability to tell a story and her knowledge of the human brain to talk about medical conditions like Alzheimer’s in warmly human terms. Her writing, often focusing on those who are misunderstood, explores the lives of people living with neurological diseases and disorders. A bestselling author, her work has been transformed into an Oscar-winning film, Still Alice, but the real triumph is Genova’s ability to help us empathize with a person’s journey we otherwise couldn’t even begin to understand.
Her newest book, Inside the O’Briens, is about Huntington’s disease.
Lisa Genova | Speaker | TED.com