TEDGlobal 2011
Misha Glenny: Hire the hackers!
Misha Glenny: Bigyang trabaho ang mga hackers!
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Sa kabila ng bilyon-bilyong dolyares na puhunan sa cybersecurity, isa sa mga nakaugat na problema ay hindi lubos napapansin: sino ang mga taong nagsusulat ng malisyosong code? Isa-isang tinukoy ng imbestigador na si Misha Glenny ang ilang coders mula sa iba't ibang panig ng mundo na nahatulan na sa korte, at inilahad niya ang isang kagulat-gulat na konklusyon.
Misha Glenny - Underworld investigator
Journalist Misha Glenny leaves no stone unturned (and no failed state unexamined) in his excavation of criminal globalization. Full bio
Journalist Misha Glenny leaves no stone unturned (and no failed state unexamined) in his excavation of criminal globalization. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Now this is a very un-TED-like thing to do,
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Hindi ito pangkaraniwang ginagawa sa TED,
00:18
but let's kick off the afternoon
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pero simulan natin ang hapong ito
00:21
with a message
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sa isang mensahe
00:23
from a mystery sponsor.
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mula sa isang misteryosong isponsor.
00:26
Anonymous: Dear Fox News,
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Anonymous: Minamahal kong Fox News,
00:28
it has come to our unfortunate attention
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dumating sa aming hindi kanais-nais na atensyon
00:31
that both the name and nature of Anonymous
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na parehong ang pangalan at likas na katangian ng Anonymous
00:33
has been ravaged.
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ay napinsala na.
00:35
We are everyone. We are no one.
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Kami ang lahat. Kami ang kawalan.
00:38
We are anonymous. We are legion.
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Kami ang anonymous. Kami ang legion.
00:41
We do not forgive. We do not forget.
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Hindi kami marunong magpatawad. Hindi kami marunong lumimot.
00:44
We are but the base of chaos.
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Kami ang puno't dulo ng ganap na kaguluhan.
00:49
Misha Glenny: Anonymous, ladies and gentlemen --
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Misha Glenny: Anonymous, mga binibini at ginoo --
00:52
a sophisticated group
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isang sopistikadong grupo
00:54
of politically motivated hackers
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ng mga hackers na may pulitikal na layunin
00:56
who have emerged in 2011.
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na nagpakilala ngayong 2011.
00:59
And they're pretty scary.
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At sila'y talagang nakakatakot.
01:01
You never know when they're going to attack next,
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Hindi mo alam kung kailan sila susunod na aatake,
01:04
who or what the consequences will be.
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sino o ano ang magiging kahihinatnan.
01:07
But interestingly,
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Ngunit ang nakakatuwa,
01:09
they have a sense of humor.
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sila ay may sense of humor naman.
01:12
These guys hacked into Fox News' Twitter account
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Hinack nila ang Twitter account ng Fox News
01:16
to announce President Obama's assassination.
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upang ibalita ang tangkang pagpatay kay Pangulong Obama.
01:20
Now you can imagine the panic that would have generated
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Ngayon maiisip mo ang takot na maaaring nalikha
01:23
in the newsroom at Fox.
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sa loob ng Fox newsroom.
01:25
"What do we do now?
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"Ano ang gagawin natin ngayon?
01:27
Put on a black armband, or crack open the champagne?"
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Magsuot ng itim na gasa, or magbukas nalang ng champagne?"
01:30
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
01:32
And of course, who could escape the irony
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Siyempre, sino ang hindi matatawa sa kabalintunaan
01:36
of a member of Rupert Murdoch's News Corp.
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ng miyembro ng Rupert Murdoch's News Corp.
01:39
being a victim of hacking for a change.
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na naging biktima ng hacking.
01:42
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
01:44
(Applause)
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(Palakpakan)
01:48
Sometimes you turn on the news
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Kung minsan tinitingnan mo ang mga balita
01:51
and you say, "Is there anyone left to hack?"
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at sinasabing, "Meron pa bang pwedeng i-hack?"
01:53
Sony Playstation Network -- done,
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Sony Playstation Network -- tapos na,
01:56
the government of Turkey -- tick,
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ang gobyerno ng Turkey -- tsek,
01:58
Britain's Serious Organized Crime Agency -- a breeze,
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Britain's Serious Organized Crime Agency -- sobrang dali,
02:01
the CIA -- falling off a log.
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the CIA -- naibagsak na.
02:03
In fact, a friend of mine from the security industry
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Sa katunayan, sinabi ng kaibigan ko mula sa larangan ng security
02:05
told me the other day
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noong isang araw
02:07
that there are two types of companies in the world:
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na may dalawang uri ng kumpanya sa mundo:
02:10
those that know they've been hacked, and those that don't.
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iyong alam na sila'y na-hack, at iyong hindi.
02:13
I mean three companies
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Ang ibig kong sabihin, tatlong kumpanya
02:16
providing cybersecurity services to the FBI
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na nagseserbisyo ng cybersecurity sa FBI
02:20
have been hacked.
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ay na-hack na.
02:22
Is nothing sacred anymore, for heaven's sake?
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Wala nang sinasanto ngayon, tama?
02:25
Anyway, this mysterious group Anonymous --
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Gayunpaman, itong misteryosong grupo na Anonymous --
02:27
and they would say this themselves --
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at ito mismo ang pagsasalarawan nila sa sarili --
02:29
they are providing a service
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ay nagseserbisyo publiko
02:31
by demonstrating how useless companies are
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sa pamamagitan ng pagpapakita ng pagka-inutil ng mga kumpanya
02:35
at protecting our data.
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sa pangangalaga ng ating datos.
02:38
But there is also a very serious aspect to Anonymous --
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Ngunit may seryosong aspeto ang Anonymous --
02:41
they are ideologically driven.
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kung saan ideyolohiya ang umiiral.
02:44
They claim that they are battling
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Sinasabing sila'y nakikipaglaban
02:46
a dastardly conspiracy.
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sa tusong pagsasabwatan.
02:49
They say that governments are trying
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Sinasabing ang gobyerno ay nagbabalak
02:51
to take over the Internet and control it,
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kontrolin ang Internet,
02:54
and that they, Anonymous,
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at sila, ang Anonymous,
02:56
are the authentic voice of resistance --
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ay ang totoong boses ng pagtutol --
02:59
be it against Middle Eastern dictatorships,
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sa paglaban sa diktadura ng Gitnang Silangan,
03:01
against global media corporations,
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sa mga pang-daigdigang korporasyon sa larangan ng media,
03:04
or against intelligence agencies,
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o kaya'y sa mga intelligence agencies,
03:06
or whoever it is.
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o maging sino pa man.
03:08
And their politics are not entirely unattractive.
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At ang mga ideyang pulitikal nila ay hindi lubos na kanais-nais.
03:12
Okay, they're a little inchoate.
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Okay, medyo malabo na.
03:15
There's a strong whiff
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Maamoy mo ang
03:17
of half-baked anarchism about them.
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kawalang pamamahala sa pangkat nila.
03:20
But one thing is true:
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Ngunit isang bagay ang totoo:
03:22
we are at the beginning
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tayo ay nasa simula
03:24
of a mighty struggle
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ng matinding pakikibaka
03:26
for control of the Internet.
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para sa kontrol ng Internet.
03:29
The Web links everything,
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Lahat ay pinagdudugtong ng Web,
03:31
and very soon
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at di lalaon
03:33
it will mediate most human activity.
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ito ang mamagitan sa halos lahat ng ating gawain.
03:35
Because the Internet has fashioned
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Dahil ang Internet ay may
03:37
a new and complicated environment
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bago at komplikadong kapaligiran
03:39
for an old-age dilemma
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para sa matandang suliranin
03:42
that pits the demands of security
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na ibalanse ang pagnanais ng seguridad
03:45
with the desire for freedom.
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at pagnanasa ng kalayaan.
03:48
Now this is a very complicated struggle.
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Ngayon ito'y napakakomplikadong laban.
03:52
And unfortunately, for mortals like you and me,
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Sa kasamaang-palad, para sa mga mortal na gaya natin,
03:55
we probably can't understand it very well.
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marahil hindi natin ito maiintindihang mabuti.
03:58
Nonetheless,
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Gayunpaman,
04:00
in an unexpected attack of hubris
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sa biglang yabang ko
04:02
a couple of years ago,
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dalawang taon na ang nakalipas,
04:04
I decided I would try and do that.
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nagpasiya akong subukan at gawin iyon.
04:07
And I sort of get it.
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At parang nakukuha ko na.
04:11
These were the various things that I was looking at
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Ito ang mga samu't saring bagay na aking tinitingnan
04:13
as I was trying to understand it.
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habang sinusubukan kong maunawaan iyon.
04:15
But in order to try and explain the whole thing,
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Ngunit para masubukan at maipaliwanag ang buong bagay,
04:18
I would need another 18 minutes or so to do it,
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kailangan ko ng 18 minuto para magawa ito,
04:21
so you're just going to have to take it on trust from me on this occasion,
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at sana'y magtiwala lang kayo sa akin ngayon,
04:26
and let me assure you that all of these issues
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at sinisiguro ko sa inyo na lahat ng ito
04:28
are involved in cybersecurity and control of the Internet
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ay may kinalaman sa cybersecurity at pagkontrol ng Internet
04:31
one way or the other,
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sa isang paraan o iba pa,
04:33
but in a configuration
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ngunit sa pagkakaayos
04:35
that even Stephen Hawking would probably have difficulty
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na kahit si Stephen Hawking ay mahihirapang
04:38
trying to get his head around.
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maintindihan.
04:41
So there you are.
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Kaya heto ka.
04:43
And as you see, in the middle,
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At kung nakikita mo, sa gitna,
04:45
there is our old friend, the hacker.
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ay ang ating dakilang kaibigan, ang hacker.
04:47
The hacker is absolutely central
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Ang hacker ay ganap na gitna
04:50
to many of the political, social
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sa karamihan ng isyung pulitikal, panlipunan
04:52
and economic issues affecting the Net.
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at pang-ekonomiya na nakakaapekto sa Net.
04:55
And so I thought to myself,
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At naisip ko sa sarili ko,
04:58
"Well, these are the guys who I want to talk to."
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"Buweno, sila ang mga taong gusto kong makausap."
05:01
And what do you know,
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At ano pa nga ba,
05:04
nobody else does talk to the hackers.
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wala palang nakikipag-usap sa mga hackers.
05:06
They're completely anonymous, as it were.
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Sila'y lubos na anonymous, tulad nito.
05:09
So despite the fact
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Kaya sa kabila ng mga balitang
05:11
that we are beginning to pour billions,
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bilyun-bilyon ang binububuhos,
05:14
hundreds of billions of dollars,
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daan-daang bilyong dolyares,
05:16
into cybersecurity --
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sa cybersecurity --
05:19
for the most extraordinary technical solutions --
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upang gumawa ng mga pambihirang solusyong teknikal --
05:23
no one wants to talk
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walang gustong makipag-usap
05:25
to these guys, the hackers,
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sa mga taong ito, sa mga hacker,
05:27
who are doing everything.
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na nasa gitna ng lahat.
05:30
Instead, we prefer these really dazzling technological solutions,
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Sa halip, mas gusto nating bilhin ang mga pambihirang teknolohiya,
05:35
which cost a huge amount of money.
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at gumastos ng napakalaking halaga.
05:38
And so nothing is going into the hackers.
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At kaya walang pumupunta sa mga hacker.
05:41
Well, I say nothing,
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Gayunpaman,
05:43
but actually there is one teeny weeny little research unit
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may isang maliit na pangkat ng mananaliksik
05:47
in Turin, Italy
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sa Turin, Italy
05:49
called the Hackers Profiling Project.
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na tinatawag na Hackers Profiling Project.
05:52
And they are doing some fantastic research
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At gumagawa sila ng nakakatuwang pananaliksik
05:55
into the characteristics,
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sa mga katangian,
05:57
into the abilities
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abilidad
05:59
and the socialization of hackers.
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at pagsasapanlipunan ng mga hacker.
06:01
But because they're a U.N. operation,
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Ngunit dahil sila'y operasyon ng U.N.,
06:03
maybe that's why governments and corporations
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hindi pinapansin ng mga gobyerno at korporasyon
06:05
are not that interested in them.
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ang kanilang impormasyon.
06:07
Because it's a U.N. operation,
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Dahil ito'y operasyon ng U.N.,
06:09
of course, it lacks funding.
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siyempre, wala itong pondo.
06:12
But I think they're doing very important work.
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Ngunit sa tingin ko mahalaga ang kanilang trabaho.
06:15
Because where we have a surplus of technology
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Dahil kung saan mayroong kalabisan ng teknolohiya
06:19
in the cybersecurity industry,
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sa larangan ng cybersecurity,
06:22
we have a definite lack of --
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tayo ay may tiyak na kakulangan --
06:25
call me old-fashioned --
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tawagin mo akong makaluma --
06:27
human intelligence.
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sa intelligence reports.
06:29
Now, so far I've mentioned
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Nabanggit ko na
06:31
the hackers Anonymous
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na ang grupong Anonymous
06:33
who are a politically motivated hacking group.
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ay may layuning pulitikal.
06:36
Of course, the criminal justice system
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Siyempre, sa sistema ng hustisyang pang-krimen
06:38
treats them as common old garden criminals.
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sila ay mga pangkaraniwang kriminal.
06:40
But interestingly,
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Ngunit,
06:42
Anonymous does not make use of its hacked information
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hindi ginagamit ng Anonymous ang na-hack na datos
06:44
for financial gain.
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upang yumaman.
06:46
But what about the real cybercriminals?
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Papaano naman ang mga totoong cybercriminals?
06:50
Well real organized crime on the Internet
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Ang organisadong krimen sa Internet
06:53
goes back about 10 years
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ay nagsimula noong 10 taon ang nakalipas
06:55
when a group of gifted Ukrainian hackers
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kung saan ilang Ukrainian hackers
07:00
developed a website,
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ay gumawa ng website,
07:02
which led to the industrialization
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at tuluyang pinalawig ang larangan
07:04
of cybercrime.
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ng cybercrime.
07:07
Welcome to the now forgotten realm of CarderPlanet.
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Maligayang pagdating sa pinaglumaang kaharian ng CarderPlanet.
07:13
This is how they were advertising themselves
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Ganito ang pagsasalarawan nila sa sarili sa Net
07:15
a decade ago on the Net.
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noon isang dekada ang nakalipas.
07:18
Now CarderPlanet was very interesting.
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Talaga namang nakakaaliw ang CarderPlanet.
07:20
Cybercriminals would go there
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Pupunta ang mga cybercriminals doon
07:22
to buy and sell stolen credit card details,
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upang bumili at ibenta ang mga nanakaw na credit card info,
07:25
to exchange information
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para makipagpalitan ng impormasyon
07:27
about new malware that was out there.
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tungkol sa mga bagong malware.
07:30
And remember, this is a time
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At alalahanin, ito yung mga panahon
07:32
when we're seeing for the first time
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kung saan bagong-bago pa
07:34
so-called off-the-shelf malware.
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ang mga off-the-shelf malware.
07:36
This is ready for use, out-of-the-box stuff,
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Ito yung mga madaling gamitin, mga out-of-the-box,
07:39
which you can deploy
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na maaring gamitin
07:41
even if you're not a terribly sophisticated hacker.
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kahit hindi gaanong sanay ang isang hacker.
07:45
And so CarderPlanet became a sort of supermarket
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Kaya't naging isang malaking pamilihan ang CarderPlanet
07:48
for cybercriminals.
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para sa mga cybercriminals.
07:50
And its creators
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At ang lumikha nito
07:52
were incredibly smart and entrepreneurial,
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ay napakatalino at mala-negosyante,
07:54
because they were faced
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dahil sila'y nahaharap noon
07:56
with one enormous challenge as cybercriminals.
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sa isang hamon bilang mga cybercriminals.
07:59
And that challenge is:
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At ang hamon na iyon:
08:01
How do you do business,
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Paano magtatagumpay ang negosyong ito,
08:03
how do you trust
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at paano mo pagkakatiwalaan
08:05
somebody on the Web who you want to do business with
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ang isang kliyente sa Web na nais makipag-negosyo
08:07
when you know that they're a criminal?
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kung sila'y isang kriminal?
08:10
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
08:12
It's axiomatic that they're dodgy,
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Kaakibat na siguro ang pagkatuso,
08:14
and they're going to want to try and rip you off.
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na maaring kang dayain ng iyong kliyente.
08:17
So the family, as the inner core of CarderPlanet was known,
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Kaya nakaisip ang pamilya, na siyang tawag sa bumubuo ng CarderPlanet,
08:20
came up with this brilliant idea
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ang isang napakahusay na ideya
08:22
called the escrow system.
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na tinawag na sistemang escrow.
08:24
They appointed an officer
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Nagtalaga sila ng opisyal
08:27
who would mediate between the vendor and the purchaser.
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na mamamagitan sa nagbebenta at mamimili.
08:30
The vendor, say, had stolen credit card details;
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Halimbawa, bitbit ng nagbebenta ang nanakaw na credit card info;
08:33
the purchaser wanted to get a hold of them.
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gusto ng mamimili na makuha ang mga ito.
08:36
The purchaser would send the administrative officer
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Ang mamimili ay magpapadala sa opisyal
08:39
some dollars digitally,
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ng ilang dolyares sa paraang digital,
08:41
and the vendor would sell the stolen credit card details.
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at ibibigay ng nagbebenta ang mga detalye.
08:44
And the officer would then verify
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Susubukan muna ng opisyal
08:47
if the stolen credit card worked.
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kung gumagana ang nakaw na credit card.
08:50
And if they did,
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Kapag gumagana nga,
08:52
he then passed on the money to the vendor
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ibibigay na niya ang pera sa nagbebenta
08:54
and the stolen credit card details to the purchaser.
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at ang credit card info sa mamimili.
08:57
And it was this
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Ang sistemang ito mismo
08:59
which completely revolutionized cybercrime on the Web.
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ang ganap na nagpabago sa cybercrime sa Web.
09:04
And after that, it just went wild.
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Pagkatapos noon, lalo na itong lumaganap.
09:06
We had a champagne decade
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Nagkaroon ng tinatawag na dekadang champagne
09:08
for people who we know as Carders.
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ang mga tauhan ng Carders.
09:11
Now I spoke to one of these Carders
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Nakipag-usap ako sa isa sa mga Carders
09:13
who we'll call RedBrigade --
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na tatawagin nating RedBrigade --
09:15
although that wasn't even his proper nickname --
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kahit na hindi iyon ang kanyang totoong palayaw --
09:17
but I promised I wouldn't reveal who he was.
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dahil naipangako kong hindi ko siya ibubunyag.
09:19
And he explained to me how in 2003 and 2004
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At ipinaliwanag niya sa akin na noong 2003 at 2004
09:22
he would go on sprees in New York,
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pupunta lang siya sa New York,
09:25
taking out $10,000 from an ATM here,
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kukuha ng $10,000 sa isang ATM dito,
09:28
$30,000 from an ATM there,
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$30,000 sa isang ATM doon,
09:31
using cloned credit cards.
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gamit ang mga cloned credit cards.
09:34
He was making, on average a week,
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Sa isang linggo, humigit-kumulang
09:37
$150,000 --
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$150,000 --
09:40
tax free of course.
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na walang tax!
09:42
And he said
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At sabi niya
09:45
that he had so much money
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sa sobrang dami ng pera
09:47
stashed in his upper-East side apartment at one point
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na nakatago sa kanyang apartment sa upper-East side
09:49
that he just didn't know what to do with it
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ay dumating ang pagkakataong wala na siyang pagkakagastusan
09:51
and actually fell into a depression.
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at dumaan sa matinding pagkalungkot.
09:53
But that's a slightly different story,
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Ngunit ibang kwento na iyon,
09:55
which I won't go into now.
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at hindi ko muna ikukwento sa inyo.
09:57
Now the interesting thing about RedBrigade
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Ang totoo niyan, si RedBrigade
10:00
is that he wasn't an advanced hacker.
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ay hindi naman ang pinakamagaling na hacker.
10:02
He sort of understood the technology,
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Naiintindihan niya ang teknolohiya,
10:04
and he realized that security was very important
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at batid na mahalaga ang paniniguro
10:07
if you were going to be a Carder,
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kung ikaw magiging isang Carder,
10:10
but he didn't spend his days and nights
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ngunit hindi niya ginugol ang bawat araw at gabi
10:12
bent over a computer, eating pizza,
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sa harap ng kompyuter, kumakain ng pizza,
10:14
drinking coke and that sort of thing.
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umiinom ng coke, at iba pa.
10:16
He was out there on the town
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Ang totoo, madalas siyang lumabas
10:18
having a fab time enjoying the high life.
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at nagsasaya sa tinuturing niyang rurok ng tagumpay.
10:20
And this is because
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Ito ay dahil
10:22
hackers are only one element
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ang mga hacker ay isang elemento lamang
10:25
in a cybercriminal enterprise.
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sa negosyong cybercrime.
10:28
And often they're the most vulnerable element of all.
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Madalas, sila ang pinakamarupok na elemento sa lahat.
10:34
And I want to explain this to you
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Gusto kong ipaliwanag ito
10:36
by introducing you to six characters
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gamit ang anim na tauhan
10:38
who I met
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na nakilala ko
10:40
while I was doing this research.
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habang nananaliksik pa ako.
10:43
Dimitry Golubov, aka SCRIPT --
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Dimitry Golubov, alyas SCRIPT --
10:46
born in Odessa, Ukraine in 1982.
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ipinanganak sa Odessa, Ukraine noong 1982.
10:49
Now he developed his social and moral compass
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Natuto siya sa mga isyung panlipunan at moral
10:52
on the Black Sea port during the 1990s.
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sa daungan ng Black Sea noong 1990s.
10:55
This was a sink-or-swim environment
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Iyon ay isang malupit na kapaligiran
10:58
where involvement in criminal or corrupt activities
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at ang paglahok sa kriminal na gawain
11:02
was entirely necessary
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ay hindi maiiwasan
11:04
if you wanted to survive.
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kung gusto mong mabuhay ng matagal.
11:06
As an accomplished computer user,
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Bilang mahusay sa paggamit ng kompyuter,
11:08
what Dimitry did
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ginaya ni Dimitry
11:10
was to transfer the gangster capitalism of his hometown
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ang kapitalismo ng gangster ng kanyang bayan
11:14
onto the Worldwide Web.
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at pinagpatuloy sa Worldwide Web.
11:16
And he did a great job in it.
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At napakahusay niya dito.
11:18
You have to understand though
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Alalahanin mong
11:20
that from his ninth birthday,
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pagsapit ng kanyang ika-9 na kaarawan,
11:22
the only environment he knew
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ang tanging lipunan na alam niya
11:24
was gangsterism.
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ay gangsterism.
11:26
He knew no other way of making a living
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Para sa kanya, walang ibang paraan
11:28
and making money.
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upang mabuhay at magkapera.
11:30
Then we have Renukanth Subramaniam,
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Andyan si Renukanth Subramaniam,
11:32
aka JiLsi --
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alyas JiLsi --
11:34
founder of DarkMarket,
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tagapagtatag ng DarkMarket,
11:36
born in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
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ipinanganak sa Colombo, Sri Lanka.
11:38
As an eight year-old,
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Noong walong taong gulang siya,
11:40
he and his parents fled the Sri Lankan capital
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lumisan ang kanyang mga magulang mula sa Colombo
11:42
because Singhalese mobs were roaming the city,
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dahil sa mga Singhalese na nagkalat sa siyudad,
11:45
looking for Tamils like Renu to murder.
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at hinahanap ang mga Tamil gaya ni Renu upang patayin.
11:48
At 11, he was interrogated by the Sri Lankan military,
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Sa edad na 11, siya ay siniyasat ng mga kawal ng Sri Lanka,
11:50
accused of being a terrorist,
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inakusahan ng pagiging terorista,
11:52
and his parents sent him on his own to Britain
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kaya't pinadala siya ng kanyang mga magulang sa Britanya
11:56
as a refugee seeking political asylum.
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bilang isang refugee na naghahanap ng political asylum.
11:59
At 13,
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Sa edad na 13,
12:01
with only little English and being bullied at school,
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at dahil kaunti lamang ang alam sa wikang Ingles at inaapi pa sa paaralan,
12:04
he escaped into a world of computers
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naging kanlungan niya ang mundo ng kompyuter
12:07
where he showed great technical ability,
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at nagpalamas ng husay at abilidad,
12:09
but he was soon being seduced
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ngunit di kalaunan siya ay naakit
12:12
by people on the Internet.
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ng mga masasamang tao sa Internet.
12:14
He was convicted of mortgage and credit card fraud,
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Siya ay nahatulan ng pagsasangla at pandaraya ng credit cards,
12:17
and he will be released from Wormwood Scrubs jail in London
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at makakalaya na siya mula Wormwood Scrubs jail sa London
12:20
in 2012.
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sa 2012.
12:22
Matrix001,
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Matrix001,
12:26
who was an administrator at DarkMarket.
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na isang tagapamahala sa DarkMarket.
12:29
Born in Southern Germany
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Ipinanganak sa katimugang Alemanya
12:31
to a stable and well-respected middle class family,
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sa isang respetadong pamilyang middle-class,
12:33
his obsession with gaming as a teenager
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at ang pagkahumaling sa gaming noong siya'y binata pa
12:36
led him to hacking.
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ay humantong sa hacking.
12:38
And he was soon controlling huge servers around the world
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Di nagtagal, hawak na niya ang malalaking servers sa iba't ibang panig ng mundo
12:42
where he stored his games
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na naglalaman ng mga laro
12:44
that he had cracked and pirated.
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na kanyang na-crack at pinirata.
12:46
His slide into criminality
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Ang pagkalulong sa krimen
12:48
was incremental.
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ay lumala.
12:50
And when he finally woke up to his situation
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Ngunit noong nagising siya sa katotohanan
12:53
and understood the implications,
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at lubos nang naintindihan ang mga bagay-bagay,
12:55
he was already in too deep.
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naging huli na ang lahat.
12:58
Max Vision, aka ICEMAN --
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Max Vision, alyas ICEMAN --
13:00
mastermind of cardersMarket.
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ang utak ng cardersMarket.
13:02
Born in Meridian, Idaho.
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Ipinanganak sa Meridian, Idaho.
13:04
Max Vision was one of the best penetration testers
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Isa si Max Vision sa mga pinakamagaling na penetration tester
13:08
working out of Santa Clara, California
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na nagtratrabaho sa Santa Clara, California
13:11
in the late 90s for private companies
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noong 90s para sa mga pribadong kumpanya
13:13
and voluntarily for the FBI.
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at nag-volunteer sa FBI.
13:16
Now in the late 1990s,
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Noong pagtatapos ng 1990s,
13:18
he discovered a vulnerability
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nadiskubre niya ang isang butas
13:20
on all U.S. government networks,
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sa mga network ng pamahalaan ng U.S.,
13:23
and he went in and patched it up --
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at inayos niya ito agad --
13:25
because this included nuclear research facilities --
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dahil sakop nito ang mga kagamitang nuclear --
13:29
sparing the American government
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at naiwasan ng gobyerno ng Amerika
13:31
a huge security embarrassment.
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ang isang malaking kahihiyan.
13:33
But also, because he was an inveterate hacker,
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Ngunit, dahil sa kanyang ugaling hacker,
13:36
he left a tiny digital wormhole
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nag-iwan siya ng digital wormhole
13:38
through which he alone could crawl.
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na siya lamang ang makakalusot.
13:40
But this was spotted by an eagle-eye investigator,
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Sa kasamaang palad, natuklasan ito ng isang imbestigador,
13:43
and he was convicted.
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at siya ay nahatulan ng pagkakakulong.
13:45
At his open prison,
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Sa kanyang pagkakabilanggo,
13:47
he came under the influence of financial fraudsters,
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siya ay nilapitan ng mga nais mandaya,
13:49
and those financial fraudsters
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at hinimok siya ng mga financial fraudsters
13:51
persuaded him to work for them
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na makipag-ugnayan
13:53
on his release.
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kapag lumaya na siya.
13:55
And this man with a planetary-sized brain
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Kaya't ang taong ito, kahit na sobrang talino,
13:58
is now serving a 13-year sentence
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ay nakakulong ngayon sa sentensiyang 13-taon
14:00
in California.
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sa California.
14:02
Adewale Taiwo, aka FeddyBB --
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Adewale Taiwo, alyas FeddyBB --
14:05
master bank account cracker
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master bank account cracker
14:07
from Abuja in Nigeria.
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mula sa Abuja sa Nigeria.
14:10
He set up his prosaically entitled newsgroup,
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Itinatag niya ang walang pasakalyeng newsgroup,
14:13
bankfrauds@yahoo.co.uk
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bankfrauds@yahoo.co.uk
14:18
before arriving in Britain
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bago dumating sa Britanya
14:20
in 2005
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noong 2005
14:22
to take a Masters in chemical engineering
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upang kumuha ng Masters sa chemical engineering
14:24
at Manchester University.
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sa Pamantasaan ng Manchester.
14:26
He impressed in the private sector,
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Pinahanga niya ang pribadong sektor,
14:29
developing chemical applications for the oil industry
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lumikha ng mga teknolohiyang pangkemikal para sa industriya ng langis
14:32
while simultaneously running
332
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habang pinapatakbo
14:34
a worldwide bank and credit card fraud operation that was worth millions
333
859000
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ang pandaigdigang operasyon ng bank at credit card fraud na nagkakahalaga ng milyon-milyon
14:37
until his arrest in 2008.
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hanggang siya'y maaresto noong 2008.
14:41
And then finally, Cagatay Evyapan,
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At si Cagatay Evyapan,
14:43
aka Cha0 --
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alyas Cha0 --
14:45
one of the most remarkable hackers ever,
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isa sa mga pinakakahanga-hangang hacker,
14:47
from Ankara in Turkey.
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mula sa Ankara sa Turkey.
14:49
He combined the tremendous skills of a geek
339
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Abilidad niya ang pinagsamang geek
14:52
with the suave social engineering skills
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at swabeng pakikipag-ugnayan na tatak ng
14:56
of the master criminal.
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isang master criminal.
14:59
One of the smartest people I've ever met.
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Isa siya sa mga pinakamatalinong taong nakilala ko.
15:02
He also had the most effective
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Nilikha din niya ang pinaka-epektibong
15:04
virtual private network security arrangement
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virtual private network security arrangement
15:06
the police have ever encountered
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ayon sa mga pulis, kung ikukumpara
15:08
amongst global cybercriminals.
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sa lahat ng mga cybercriminals.
15:10
Now the important thing
347
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Ang mahalagang bagay
15:12
about all of these people
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tungkol sa mga taong ito
15:14
is they share certain characteristics
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ay ang iilang katangiang bitbit nila
15:16
despite the fact that they come from very different environments.
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kahit na sila'y nagmula sa iba't-ibang karanasan.
15:20
They are all people who learned their hacking skills
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Natuto silang mag-hack noong
15:23
in their early to mid-teens.
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kabataan nila.
15:26
They are all people
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Sila ay may
15:28
who demonstrate advanced ability
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pambihirang abilidad
15:30
in maths and the sciences.
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sa matematika at agham.
15:33
Remember that, when they developed those hacking skills,
356
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Mapapansing naging mahusay sila sa hacking
15:35
their moral compass had not yet developed.
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noong hindi pa ganap ang kanilang paninindigang moral.
15:39
And most of them, with the exception of SCRIPT and Cha0,
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3000
At karamihan sa kanila, except kay SCRIPT at Cha0,
15:42
they did not demonstrate
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ay walang ganap na kakayahang
15:46
any real social skills in the outside world --
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makihalubilo sa tunay na mundo --
15:49
only on the Web.
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tanging sa Web lamang.
15:51
And the other thing is
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At kapansin-pansin na
15:53
the high incidence of hackers like these
363
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ang mga katangian ng hackers ay
15:55
who have characteristics which are consistent
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mga katangian ng mga taong may
15:58
with Asperger's syndrome.
365
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3000
Asperger's syndrome.
16:01
Now I discussed this
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Itinanong ko ito
16:03
with Professor Simon Baron-Cohen
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kay Propesor Simon Baron-Cohen
16:05
who's the professor of developmental psychopathology at Cambridge.
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4000
na dalubhasa sa developmental psychopathology sa Cambridge.
16:09
And he has done path-breaking work on autism
369
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Ginawa niya ang ilang panibagong pag-aaral sa autism
16:13
and confirmed, also for the authorities here,
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at pinatunayan
16:15
that Gary McKinnon --
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na si Gary McKinnon --
16:17
who is wanted by the United States
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na pinaghahanap ng Estado Unidos
16:19
for hacking into the Pentagon --
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dahil sa pag-hack sa Pentagon --
16:21
suffers from Asperger's
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ay may Asperger's
16:23
and a secondary condition
375
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at nakakaranas ng
16:25
of depression.
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ng matinding kalungkutan.
16:27
And Baron-Cohen explained
377
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2000
Ipinaliwanag ni Baron-Cohen
16:29
that certain disabilities
378
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2000
na ang kanilang kapansanan
16:31
can manifest themselves in the hacking and computing world
379
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3000
ay pinupunan ng husay sa hacking at paggamit ng kompyuter
16:34
as tremendous skills,
380
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2000
bilang kapalit,
16:36
and that we should not be throwing in jail
381
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at hindi makatarugan na agad nating ipakulong
16:38
people who have such disabilities and skills
382
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3000
ang mga taong ito na may kakaibang kapansanan at kakayahan
16:41
because they have lost their way socially
383
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dahil wala silang kakayahang makihalubilo
16:44
or been duped.
384
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o di kaya'y nadaya lang.
16:46
Now I think we're missing a trick here,
385
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Tingin ko'y isang malaking oportunidad ito,
16:49
because I don't think people like Max Vision should be in jail.
386
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dahil tingin ko hindi bagay sa kulungan ang mga taong gaya ni Max Vision.
16:52
And let me be blunt about this.
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At magiging pranka ako.
16:54
In China, in Russia and in loads of other countries
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Sa Tsina, sa Russia at iba pang bansa
16:57
that are developing cyber-offensive capabilities,
389
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na nagpapayabong ng kakayahang cyber-offensive,
17:00
this is exactly what they are doing.
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ito ang kanilang ginagawa.
17:02
They are recruiting hackers
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2000
Kinukuha na nila agad ang mga hacker
17:04
both before and after they become involved
392
1009000
3000
bago pa man o pagkatapos nilang masangkot
17:07
in criminal and industrial espionage activities --
393
1012000
3000
sa gawaing kriminal at espionage --
17:10
are mobilizing them
394
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2000
at pinapakilos
17:12
on behalf of the state.
395
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sa ikakabuti ng estado.
17:14
We need to engage
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2000
Kailangan nating kumasundo
17:16
and find ways of offering guidance
397
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at magbigay patnubay
17:18
to these young people,
398
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sa mga kabataang ito,
17:20
because they are a remarkable breed.
399
1025000
2000
dahil sila'y katangi-tangi.
17:22
And if we rely, as we do at the moment,
400
1027000
2000
At kung tayo ay aasa, tulad ngayon,
17:24
solely on the criminal justice system
401
1029000
3000
sa sistema ng criminal justice
17:27
and the threat of punitive sentences,
402
1032000
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at mga malalambot na parusa,
17:30
we will be nurturing a monster we cannot tame.
403
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3000
maaring lumaki pa ang halimaw at mahirap nang mapaamo.
17:33
Thank you very much for listening.
404
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Maraming salamat sa pakikinig.
17:35
(Applause)
405
1040000
13000
(Palakpakan)
17:48
Chris Anderson: So your idea worth spreading
406
1053000
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Chris Anderson: Ang ideya mo
17:50
is hire hackers.
407
1055000
2000
ay ang bigyang trabaho ang mga hackers.
17:52
How would someone get over that kind of fear
408
1057000
4000
Hindi ba't andun ang pangamba
17:56
that the hacker they hire
409
1061000
2000
na ang mga kukunin nating hackers
17:58
might preserve that little teensy wormhole?
410
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2000
ay maglalagay din ng wormhole?
18:00
MG: I think to an extent,
411
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MG: Sa tingin ko,
18:02
you have to understand
412
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kailangan nating unawain
18:04
that it's axiomatic among hackers that they do that.
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na ugali na ng mga hackers ang ganyan.
18:07
They're just relentless and obsessive
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Wala silang sinasanto at obsessed
18:10
about what they do.
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sa kanilang ginagawa.
18:12
But all of the people who I've spoken to
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Ngunit ayon sa mga taong kinausap ko
18:14
who have fallen foul of the law,
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na nagkasala sa batas,
18:16
they have all said, "Please, please give us a chance
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ang sabi nila, "Pakiusap, bigyan niyo kami ng pagkakataon
18:19
to work in the legitimate industry.
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na makapagtrabaho sa isang legal na industriya.
18:22
We just never knew how to get there, what we were doing.
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Hindi nga lang namin alam kung papaano.
18:25
We want to work with you."
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Gusto naming makipagtrabaho sa inyo."
18:27
Chris Anderson: Okay, well that makes sense. Thanks a lot Misha.
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Chris Anderson: Kung sabagay tama ka. Maraming salamat Misha.
18:30
(Applause)
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(Palakpakan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Misha Glenny - Underworld investigatorJournalist Misha Glenny leaves no stone unturned (and no failed state unexamined) in his excavation of criminal globalization.
Why you should listen
In minute detail, Misha Glenny's 2008 book McMafia illuminates the byzantine outlines of global organized crime. Whether it's pot smugglers in British Columbia, oil/weapons/people traffickers in Eastern Europe, Japanese yakuza or Nigerian scammers, to research this magisterial work Glenny penetrated the convoluted, globalized and franchised modern underworld -- often at considerable personal risk.
The book that resulted is an exhaustive look at an unseen industry that Glenny believes may account for 15% of the world's GDP.
Legal society ignores this world at its peril, but Glenny suggests that conventional law enforcement might not be able to combat a problem whose roots lie in global instability.
While covering the Central Europe beat for the Guardian and the BBC, Glenny wrote several acclaimed books on the fall of Yugoslavia and the rise of the Balkan nations. He's researching a new book on cybercrime, of which he says: "The key to cybercrime is what we call social engineering. Or to use the technical term for it, there's one born every minute."
Watch TED's exclusive video Q&A with Glenny: "Behind the Scenes of McMafia" >>
Misha Glenny | Speaker | TED.com