TED2017
Karim Abouelnaga: A summer school kids actually want to attend
Karim Abouelnaga: Sekolah musim panas yang sebenarnya ingin diikuti anak-anak
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Selama musim panas, anak-anak di kalangan kurang mampu di Amerika lupa hampir tiga bulan dari apa yang mereka pelajari selama sekolah. Perintis pendidikan dan anggota TED Karim Abouelnaga ingin mengembalikan pembelajaran yang terlupakan, mengubah "sekolah musim panas" menjadi kesempatan untuk maju dan berkembang demi masa depan yang lebih baik.
Karim Abouelnaga - Education entrepreneur
Karim Abouelnaga is working to provide kids with access to high-quality academic summer programming. Full bio
Karim Abouelnaga is working to provide kids with access to high-quality academic summer programming. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Getting a college education
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Memperoleh pendidikan di perguruan tinggi
00:15
is a 20-year investment.
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adalah sebuah investasi bernilai 20 tahun.
00:18
When you're growing up poor,
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Jika Anda tumbuh miskin,
00:20
you're not accustomed
to thinking that far ahead.
to thinking that far ahead.
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Anda tak terbiasa untuk
berpikir sejauh itu.
berpikir sejauh itu.
00:23
Instead, you're thinking about
where you're going to get your next meal
where you're going to get your next meal
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Malahan, Anda berpikir tentang
di mana Anda dapat mengisi perut nanti
di mana Anda dapat mengisi perut nanti
00:26
and how your family
is going to pay rent that month.
is going to pay rent that month.
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dan bagaimana keluarga Anda
membayar sewa rumah bulan itu.
membayar sewa rumah bulan itu.
00:29
Besides, my parents
and my friends' parents
and my friends' parents
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Lagi pula, orang tua saya
dan orang tua teman-teman saya
dan orang tua teman-teman saya
00:32
seemed to be doing just fine
driving taxis and working as janitors.
driving taxis and working as janitors.
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tampak baik-baik saja bekerja
sebagai supir taksi dan pembersih gedung.
sebagai supir taksi dan pembersih gedung.
00:36
It wasn't until I was a teenager
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Barulah saat remaja,
00:38
when I realized I didn't
want to do those things.
want to do those things.
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saya sadar saya tak mau
melakukan hal-hal itu.
melakukan hal-hal itu.
00:42
By then, I was two-thirds of the way
through my education,
through my education,
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Saat itu, saya sudah menyelesaikan
dua pertiga pendidikan yang saya jalani,
dua pertiga pendidikan yang saya jalani,
00:45
and it was almost too late
to turn things around.
to turn things around.
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dan sudah hampir telat
untuk mengubah segalanya.
untuk mengubah segalanya.
00:49
When you grow up poor,
you want to be rich.
you want to be rich.
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Jika Anda tumbuh miskin,
Anda ingin menjadi kaya.
Anda ingin menjadi kaya.
00:52
I was no different.
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Saya pun demikian.
00:54
I'm the second-oldest of seven,
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Saya anak kedua dari 7 bersaudara,
00:56
and was raised by a single mother
on government aid
on government aid
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dibesarkan seorang janda
dengan bantuan pemerintah
dengan bantuan pemerintah
00:58
in Queens, New York.
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di Queens, New York.
01:00
By virtue of growing up low-income,
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Karena tumbuh dalam kemiskinan,
01:02
my siblings and I went
to some of New York City's
to some of New York City's
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saya dan saudara saya
bersekolah di New York City
bersekolah di New York City
01:05
most struggling public schools.
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yang berkualitas paling rendah.
01:07
I had over 60 absences
when I was in seventh grade,
when I was in seventh grade,
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Saya absen lebih dari 60 kali
sewaktu di kelas tujuh,
sewaktu di kelas tujuh,
01:11
because I didn't feel like going to class.
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karena saya tak suka datang ke kelas.
01:13
My high school had
a 55 percent graduation rate,
a 55 percent graduation rate,
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Persentase kelulusan SMA saya
hanyalah 55 persen,
hanyalah 55 persen,
01:16
and even worse,
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dan lebih parahnya,
01:18
only 20 percent of the kids graduating
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hanya 20 persen dari yang lulus itu
01:20
were college-ready.
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yang siap berkuliah.
01:22
When I actually did make it to college,
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Ketika saya akhirnya berkuliah,
01:25
I told my friend Brennan
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saya memberi tahu Brennan
01:26
how our teachers would always ask us
to raise our hands
to raise our hands
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bahwa guru kami selalu meminta kami
mengangkat tangan
mengangkat tangan
01:30
if we were going to college.
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jika kami akan lanjut berkuliah.
01:33
I was taken aback when Brennan said,
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Saya kaget saat Brennan bilang,
01:35
"Karim, I've never been asked
that question before."
that question before."
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"Karim, saya tak pernah
ditanya seperti itu sebelumnya."
ditanya seperti itu sebelumnya."
01:38
It was always, "What college
are you going to?"
are you going to?"
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Biasanya selalu,
"Mau kuliah di perguruan tinggi apa?"
"Mau kuliah di perguruan tinggi apa?"
01:41
Just the way that question is phrased
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Pertanyaan itu
diutarakan sedemikian rupa
diutarakan sedemikian rupa
01:43
made it unacceptable for him
not to have gone to college.
not to have gone to college.
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sehingga dia merasa
tak berkuliah adalah hal yang mustahil.
tak berkuliah adalah hal yang mustahil.
01:47
Nowadays I get asked a different question.
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Kini saya mendapat pertanyaan lain.
01:50
"How were you able to make it out?"
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"Bagaimana Anda bisa berkuliah?"
01:53
For years I said I was lucky,
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Bertahun-tahun saya bilang saya beruntung,
01:57
but it's not just luck.
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namun bukan itu saja.
01:59
When my older brother and I
graduated from high school
graduated from high school
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Ketika saya dan kakak saya lulus SMA
02:01
at the very same time
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secara bersamaan
02:03
and he later dropped out
of a two-year college,
of a two-year college,
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dan kuliah dua tahunnya
tidak dia lanjutkan,
tidak dia lanjutkan,
02:05
I wanted to understand why he dropped out
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Saya ingin mengerti alasannya berhenti
02:07
and I kept studying.
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dan saya terus belajar.
02:10
It wasn't until I got to Cornell
as a Presidential Research Scholar
as a Presidential Research Scholar
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Tidak sampai saya tiba di Cornell sebagai
Presidential Reseach Scholar
Presidential Reseach Scholar
02:13
that I started to learn about
the very real educational consequences
the very real educational consequences
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barulah saya mulai mengerti
dampak sebenarnya pendidikan anak
dampak sebenarnya pendidikan anak
02:17
of being raised by a single mother
on government aid
on government aid
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yang dibesarkan seorang
janda dengan bantuan pemerintah
janda dengan bantuan pemerintah
02:20
and attending the schools that I did.
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dan pergi ke sekolah di tempat saya.
02:22
That's when my older brother's trajectory
began to make complete sense to me.
began to make complete sense to me.
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Saat itulah saya mulai memahami
mengapa kakak saya berhenti berkuliah.
mengapa kakak saya berhenti berkuliah.
02:28
I also learned that our most admirable
education reformers,
education reformers,
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Saya juga tahu bahwa tokoh
pendidikan terhormat,
pendidikan terhormat,
02:31
people like Arne Duncan,
the former US Secretary of Education,
the former US Secretary of Education,
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seperti Arne Duncan,
mantan Menteri Pendidikan AS,
mantan Menteri Pendidikan AS,
02:35
or Wendy Kopp, the founder
of Teach For America,
of Teach For America,
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atau Wendy Kopp,
pendiri Teach For America,
pendiri Teach For America,
02:38
had never attended an inner city
public school like I had.
public school like I had.
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tidak pernah bersekolah
di sekolah bertaraf rendah.
di sekolah bertaraf rendah.
02:41
So much of our education reform
is driven by a sympathetic approach,
is driven by a sympathetic approach,
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Reformasi pendidikan kita banyak didorong
oleh pendekatan simpatik,
oleh pendekatan simpatik,
02:45
where people are saying,
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di mana publik berkata,
02:46
"Let's go and help
these poor inner city kids,
these poor inner city kids,
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"Ayo bantu anak-anak kurang mampu ini,
02:49
or these poor black and Latino kids,"
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anak berkulit hitam
dan Latin yang miskin,"
dan Latin yang miskin,"
02:52
instead of an empathetic approach,
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alih-alih pendekatan empatik,
02:54
where someone like me, who had grown up
in this environment, could say,
in this environment, could say,
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di mana orang seperti saya, yang tumbuh
di lingkungan ini, bisa berkata,
di lingkungan ini, bisa berkata,
02:58
"I know the adversities that you're facing
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"Saya tahu kesulitan yang kalian alami
03:00
and I want to help you overcome them."
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dan saya ingin membantu mengatasinya."
03:03
Today when I get questions
about how I made it out,
about how I made it out,
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Kini jika saya ditanya
bagaimana saya bisa berhasil,
bagaimana saya bisa berhasil,
03:06
I share that one of the biggest reasons
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saya bilang salah satu alasan terbesarnya
03:08
is that I wasn't ashamed to ask for help.
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adalah bahwa
saya tak malu meminta bantuan.
saya tak malu meminta bantuan.
03:11
In a typical middle class
or affluent household,
or affluent household,
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Pada umumnya,
dalam keluarga kelas atas atau menengah,
dalam keluarga kelas atas atau menengah,
03:14
if a kid is struggling,
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jika seorang anak mengalami masalah,
03:16
there's a good chance that a parent
or a teacher will come to their rescue
or a teacher will come to their rescue
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kemungkinan besar orang tua
atau seorang guru akan membantu mereka
atau seorang guru akan membantu mereka
03:20
even if they don't ask for help.
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bahkan jika mereka tak memintanya.
03:22
However, if that same kid
is growing up poor
is growing up poor
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Namun, jika anak yang sama tumbuh miskin
03:24
and doesn't ask for help,
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dan tak meminta bantuan,
03:26
there's a good chance
that no one will help them.
that no one will help them.
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kemungkinan besar
tak ada yang menolong mereka.
tak ada yang menolong mereka.
03:28
There are virtually
no social safety nets available.
no social safety nets available.
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Sama sekali tak ada
bantuan sosial yang tersedia.
bantuan sosial yang tersedia.
03:33
So seven years ago,
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Jadi tujuh tahun yang lalu,
03:34
I started to reform
our public education system
our public education system
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Saya mulai merombak
sistem pendidikan publik kita,
sistem pendidikan publik kita,
03:37
shaped by my firsthand perspective.
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terbentuk melalui
sudut pandang saya.
sudut pandang saya.
03:40
And I started with summer school.
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Dimulai dari sekolah musim panas.
03:43
Research tells us that two-thirds
of the achievement gap,
of the achievement gap,
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Penelitian menyatakan bahwa dua
pertiga dari kesenjangan prestasi,
pertiga dari kesenjangan prestasi,
03:47
which is the disparity
in educational attainment
in educational attainment
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tentang kesenjangan dalam
pencapaian pendidikan
pencapaian pendidikan
03:49
between rich kids and poor kids
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antara anak keluarga kaya dan miskin
03:51
or black kids and white kids,
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atau anak berkulit hitam dan putih
03:54
could be directly attributed
to the summer learning loss.
to the summer learning loss.
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mungkin berasal dari hilangnya
pembelajaran musim panas.
pembelajaran musim panas.
03:57
In low-income neighborhoods,
kids forget almost three months
kids forget almost three months
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Di lingkungan miskin, anak-anak
lupa hampir tiga bulan
lupa hampir tiga bulan
04:00
of what they learned
during the school year
during the school year
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dari apa yang dipelajari di sekolah
04:02
over the summer.
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selama musim panas.
04:03
They return to school in the fall,
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Mereka kembali masuk di
musim gugur
musim gugur
04:05
and their teachers
spend another two months
spend another two months
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dan guru mereka menghabiskan dua bulan
04:07
reteaching them old material.
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mengajar ulang materi lama.
04:09
That's five months.
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Itu lima bulan.
04:10
The school year in the United States
is only 10 months.
is only 10 months.
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Tahun ajaran di Amerika Serikat
hanyalah 10 bulan.
hanyalah 10 bulan.
04:13
If kids lose five months of learning
every single year,
every single year,
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Jika anak-anak kehilangan
5 bulan belajar tiap tahunnya
5 bulan belajar tiap tahunnya
04:15
that's half of their education.
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itu setengah pendidikan mereka.
04:18
Half.
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Setengah.
04:20
If kids were in school over the summer,
then they couldn't regress,
then they couldn't regress,
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Jika mereka bersekolah di musim panas,
tak akan ada kemunduran,
tak akan ada kemunduran,
04:24
but traditional summer school
is poorly designed.
is poorly designed.
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tapi sekolah musim panas,
dirancang dengan buruk
dirancang dengan buruk
04:26
For kids it feels like punishment,
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Bagi anak-anak,
itu serasa hukuman,
itu serasa hukuman,
04:29
and for teachers
it feels like babysitting.
it feels like babysitting.
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dan bagi para guru,
serasa mengasuh bayi.
serasa mengasuh bayi.
04:32
But how can we expect principals
to execute an effective summer program
to execute an effective summer program
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Tapi bagaimana kita harap kepala sekolah
menjalankan program musim panas yang baik
menjalankan program musim panas yang baik
04:36
when the school year
ends the last week of June
ends the last week of June
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kalau tahun ajaran
berakhir Juni minggu terakhir
berakhir Juni minggu terakhir
04:38
and then summer school starts
just one week later?
just one week later?
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dan sekolah musim panas dimulai
satu minggu kemudian?
satu minggu kemudian?
04:41
There just isn't enough time
to find the right people,
to find the right people,
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Waktunya tak cukup
untuk menemukan orang yang tepat,
untuk menemukan orang yang tepat,
04:44
sort out the logistics,
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mengurus logisitik,
04:45
and design an engaging curriculum
that excites kids and teachers.
that excites kids and teachers.
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dan merancang kurikulum
yang menarik bagi anak-anak dan guru.
yang menarik bagi anak-anak dan guru.
04:51
But what if we created a program
over the summer
over the summer
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Tapi bagaimana jika kita membuat program
selama musim panas
selama musim panas
04:55
that empowered teachers
as teaching coaches
as teaching coaches
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yang memberdayakan para guru
sebagai pelatih pengajar
sebagai pelatih pengajar
04:59
to develop aspiring educators?
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untuk mengembangkan calon pendidik?
05:02
What if we empowered
college-educated role models
college-educated role models
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Bagaimana jika kita memberdayakan
para panutan bersarjana
para panutan bersarjana
05:05
as teaching fellows
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sebagai teman pendidik
05:07
to help kids realize
their college ambitions?
their college ambitions?
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untuk membantu anak-anak
mewujudkan ambisi berkuliah?
mewujudkan ambisi berkuliah?
05:10
What if empowered high-achieving kids
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Bayangkan, anak-anak berprestasi
05:12
as mentors to tutor their younger peers
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sebagai mentor untuk mendidik
teman mereka yang lebih muda
teman mereka yang lebih muda
05:15
and inspire them
to invest in their education?
to invest in their education?
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dan menginspirasi agar
memperhatikan pendidikan?
memperhatikan pendidikan?
05:19
What if we empowered all kids as scholars,
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Bagaimana jika anak-anak
diberdayakan sebagai pelajar,
diberdayakan sebagai pelajar,
05:23
asked them what colleges
they were going to,
they were going to,
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tanyakan mau kuliah apa nanti,
05:26
designed a summer school
they want to attend
they want to attend
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rancang sekolah musim panas
yang mau mereka ikuti
yang mau mereka ikuti
05:30
to completely eliminate
the summer learning loss
the summer learning loss
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untuk menghindari hilangnya
pembelajaran musim panas
pembelajaran musim panas
05:32
and close two-thirds
of the achievement gap?
of the achievement gap?
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dan mendekatkan dua pertiga
kesenjangan prestasi?
kesenjangan prestasi?
05:37
By this summer, my team will have served
over 4,000 low-income children,
over 4,000 low-income children,
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Sampai musim panas ini, tim saya
akan melayani 4000 anak miskin,
akan melayani 4000 anak miskin,
05:41
trained over 300 aspiring teachers
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melatih 300 calon guru
dan menciptakan lebih dari 1000
pekerjaan musiman
pekerjaan musiman
05:44
and created more than 1,000 seasonal jobs
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05:47
across some of New York City's
most disadvantaged neighborhoods.
most disadvantaged neighborhoods.
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di semua lingkungan miskin di New York.
05:51
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
05:56
And our kids are succeeding.
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Dan anak-anak kita terus berhasil.
05:59
Two years of independent evaluations
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Dua tahun penilaian mandiri
06:01
tell us that our kids
eliminate the summer learning loss
eliminate the summer learning loss
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menunjukkan mereka tidak kehilangan
pembelajaran musim panas
pembelajaran musim panas
06:04
and make growth of one month in math
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dan tumbuh sebulan dalam matematika
06:06
and two months in reading.
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dan dua bulan dalam membaca.
06:08
So instead of returning to school
in the fall three months behind,
in the fall three months behind,
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Jadi alih-alih mundur tiga bulan
di sekolah musim gugur,
di sekolah musim gugur,
06:11
they now go back four months ahead in math
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mereka maju empat bulan di matematika
06:15
and five months ahead in reading.
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dan maju lima bulan di membaca.
06:17
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
06:24
Ten years ago, if you would have told me
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Sepuluh tahun yang lalu,
jika Anda bilang
jika Anda bilang
06:26
that I'd graduate in the top 10 percent
of my class from an Ivy League institution
of my class from an Ivy League institution
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bahwa saya adalah 10% lulusan
terbaik dari institusi Ivy League
terbaik dari institusi Ivy League
06:30
and have an opportunity to make a dent
on our public education system
on our public education system
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dan berkesempatan memperbaiki
sistem edukasi publik kita
sistem edukasi publik kita
06:34
just by tackling two months
of the calendar year,
of the calendar year,
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dengan menangani 2 bulan
dari kalender pendidikan
dari kalender pendidikan
06:38
I would have said,
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Saya akan berkata,
06:40
"Nah. No way."
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"Tidak. Tak mungkin."
06:43
What's even more exciting
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Yang lebih menarik lagi,
06:45
is that if we can prevent
five months of lost time
five months of lost time
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jika kita bisa mencegah
lima bulan yang hilang
lima bulan yang hilang
06:48
just by redesigning two months,
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hanya dengan merancang ulang dua bulan,
06:51
imagine the possibilities
that we can unlock
that we can unlock
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bayangkan kemungkinan yang ada
06:54
by tackling the rest of the calendar year.
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jika tahun ajaran yang tersisa
juga diperbaiki.
juga diperbaiki.
06:58
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
06:59
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Karim Abouelnaga - Education entrepreneurKarim Abouelnaga is working to provide kids with access to high-quality academic summer programming.
Why you should listen
Karim Abouelnaga wants to eliminate summer learning loss in kids and give them a fair chance at realizing their life ambitions. After experiencing the struggle to succeed in under-resourced urban public schools, he was lucky enough to benefit from nonprofits that provided him with great mentors, receiving over $300,000 in scholarships to make his college education possible. Abouelnaga is the founder and CEO of the benefit corporation Practice Makes Perfect, a full-service summer school operator that uses a "near-peer" learning model to drive academic outcomes for thousands of low-income children.
Abouelnaga is a regular contributor for Entrepreneur and Forbes, a co-founder of Gentlemen Ventures, a TED Fellow, Global Shaper and Echoing Green Fellow. He was named to Forbes' 30 under 30 in Education. In 2016 Richtopia ranked him in the top five of most influential entrepreneurs in the world under 25. Abouelnaga graduated from Cornell University with a degree in hotel administration in 2013.
Reach Karim here: karimted@practicemakesperfect.org.
Karim Abouelnaga | Speaker | TED.com