ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Daniel Kraft - Physician scientist
Daniel Kraft is a physician-scientist, inventor and entrepreneur. He is the founder and chair of Exponential Medicine and has served as faculty chair for Medicine at Singularity University since its inception, exploring the impact and potential of rapidly developing technologies as applied to health and medicine.

Why you should listen

Dr. Daniel Kraft is a Stanford and Harvard trained physician-scientist with more than 25 years of experience in clinical practice, biomedical research and innovation. He is Faculty Chair for Medicine at Singularity University and is the founder and chair for Exponential Medicine, a program which explores convergent, rapidly developing technologies and their potential to reshape the future of health and biomedicine.

After medical school at Stanford, Kraft was board certified in both Internal Medicine and Pediatrics following residency at the Massachusetts General Hospital & Boston Children's Hospital, and he completed Stanford fellowships in hematology/oncology & bone marrow transplantation. He is a member of the inaugural class of Aspen Institute Health Innovators Fellows.

Kraft has extensive research in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine with multiple scientific publications, medical device, immunology and stem cell-related patents through faculty positions with Stanford University School of Medicine and as clinical faculty for the pediatric bone marrow transplantation service at University of California San Francisco. 

Kraft recently founded IntelliMedicine, focused on connected, data-driven and integrated personalized medicine. He is the inventor of the MarrowMiner, an FDA-approved device for the minimally invasive harvest of bone marrow, and he founded RegenMed Systems, a company developing technologies to enable adult stem cell-based regenerative therapies. He is an advisor the XPRIZE (having conceived of the Medical Tricorder XPRIZE and is helping lead a new Cancer focused prize), and advises several digital health and technology companies.

Kraft is an avid pilot and served for 14 years as an officer and flight surgeon with F-15 and F-16 fighter squadrons in the Air National Guard. He has conducted research on aerospace medicine that was published with NASA, with whom he was a finalist for astronaut selection.

More profile about the speaker
Daniel Kraft | Speaker | TED.com
TED2009

Daniel Kraft: A better way to harvest bone marrow

Daniel Kraft menciptakan cara yang lebih baik untuk mengambil sumsum tulang

Filmed:
525,001 views

Daniel Kraft mendemonstrasikan Marrow Miner ciptaannya -- sebuah alat baru yang mengambil sumsum tulang penyelamat nyawa dengan cepat dan dengan rasa sakit sesedikit mungkin untuk sang donor. Dia menekankan bahwa stem cell dewasa yang ditemukan dalam sumsum tulang dapat digunakan untuk mengobati banyak penyakit terminal, dari penyakit Parkinson sampai penyakit jantung.
- Physician scientist
Daniel Kraft is a physician-scientist, inventor and entrepreneur. He is the founder and chair of Exponential Medicine and has served as faculty chair for Medicine at Singularity University since its inception, exploring the impact and potential of rapidly developing technologies as applied to health and medicine. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:18
So I am a pediatricpediatrik cancerkanker doctordokter
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Saya adalah seorang dokter kanker anak
00:21
and stem-cellsel induk researcherpeneliti at StanfordStanford UniversityUniversitas
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dan peneliti stem cell di Universitas Stanford
00:25
where my clinicalklinis focusfokus has been bonetulang marrowsumsum transplantationtransplantasi.
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di mana transplantasi sumsum tulang telah menjadi fokus klinis saya.
00:28
Now, inspiredterinspirasi by JillJill BolteBolte TaylorTaylor last yeartahun,
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Sekarang, terinspirasi oleh Jill Bolte Taylor tahun lalu,
00:30
I didn't bringmembawa a humanmanusia brainotak,
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saya tidak membawa otak manusia,
00:32
but I did bringmembawa a literliter of bonetulang marrowsumsum.
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tapi saya membawa seliter sumsum tulang.
00:35
And bonetulang marrowsumsum is actuallysebenarnya what we use
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Dan sebenarnya sumsum tulang merupakan sesuatu yang kami gunakan
00:38
to savemenyimpan the liveshidup of tenspuluhan of thousandsribuan of patientspasien,
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untuk menyelamatkan nyawa puluhan ribu pasien,
00:40
mostpaling of whomsiapa have advancedmaju malignancieskeganasan like leukemialeukemia and lymphomalimfoma
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yang kebanyakan menderita kanker dengan keganasan tingkat lanjut seperti leukemia dan limfoma
00:43
and some other diseasespenyakit.
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dan beberapa penyakit lainnya.
00:45
So, a fewbeberapa yearstahun agolalu, I'm doing my transplanttransplantasi fellowshippersekutuan at StanfordStanford.
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Jadi, beberapa tahun lalu, saya sedang melakukan praktek kerja spesialis transplantasi di Stanford.
00:49
I'm in the operatingoperasi roomkamar. We have BobBob here,
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Saya di ruang operasi. Di sini ada Bob,
00:51
who is a volunteersukarelawan donordonor.
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seorang donor sukarela.
00:53
We're sendingpengiriman his marrowsumsum acrossmenyeberang the countrynegara to savemenyimpan the life
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Kami akan mengirim sumsumnya melintasi negeri untuk menyelamatkan nyawa
00:55
of a childanak with leukemialeukemia.
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seorang anak yang terkena leukemia.
00:57
So actuallysebenarnya how do we harvestpanen this bonetulang marrowsumsum?
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Jadi bagaimana sebenarnya kami mengambil sumsum tulang ini?
00:59
Well we have a wholeseluruh O.R. teamtim, generalumum anesthesiaanestesi, nursesperawat,
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Kami mempunyai tim bedah lengkap, dengan dokter anestesi umum, suster-suster,
01:03
and anotherlain doctordokter acrossmenyeberang from me.
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dan seorang dokter lain di hadapan saya.
01:05
Bob'sBob on the tablemeja, and we take this sortmenyortir of smallkecil needlejarum,
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Bob berbaring di meja operasi, dan kami mengambil satu jarum kecil,
01:07
you know, not too bigbesar.
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Anda tahu, tidak terlalu besar.
01:09
And the way we do this is we basicallypada dasarnya
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Dan cara kami melakukan ini adalah pada dasarnya kami
01:11
placetempat this throughmelalui the softlembut tissuetisu,
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menempatkan ini melewati jaringan lunak,
01:13
and kindjenis of punchpukulan it into the hardkeras bonetulang,
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dan seperti melubanginya ke dalam tulang keras,
01:15
into the tuchustuchus -- that's a technicalteknis termistilah --
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ke dalam bokong -- itu istilah teknis --
01:17
and aspiratesedot about 10 mlsMLS of bonetulang marrowsumsum out,
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dan menyedot keluar sekitar 10 ml sumsum tulang,
01:21
eachsetiap time, with a syringejarum suntik.
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setiap kalinya, dengan sebuah suntikan.
01:23
And handtangan it off to the nurseperawat. She squirtsmenyemprotkan it into a tinTin.
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Dan memberinya kepada suster. Dia akan menyemprotkannya ke dalam sebuah kaleng.
01:26
HandsTangan it back to me. And we do that again and again.
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Diberikan kembali kepada saya. Dan kami melakukan itu berulang kali.
01:29
About 200 timeswaktu usuallybiasanya.
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Biasanya sekitar 200 kali.
01:31
And by the endakhir of this my armlengan is soresakit, I've got a calluskalus on my handtangan,
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Dan pada akhirnya lengan saya sakit, ada kapalan di tangan saya.
01:33
let alonesendirian BobBob,
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Jangankan Bob,
01:35
whoseyang rearbelakang endakhir looksterlihat something more like this,
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yang bagian belakangnya terlihat lebih seperti ini,
01:37
like SwissSwiss cheesekeju.
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seperti keju swiss.
01:39
So I'm thinkingberpikir, you know, this procedureprosedur hasn'tbelum changedberubah in about 40 yearstahun.
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Jadi saya berpikir, Anda tahu, prosedur ini tidak pernah berubah selama 40 tahun.
01:43
And there is probablymungkin a better way to do this.
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Dan mungkin ada cara yang lebih baik untuk melakukan ini.
01:45
So I thought of a minimallyminimal invasiveinvasif approachpendekatan,
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Jadi saya memikirkan pendekatan invasif minimal.
01:48
and a newbaru devicealat that we call the MarrowSumsum MinerPenambang.
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Dan sebuah alat baru yang kami namakan Marrow Miner.
01:50
This is it.
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Ini dia.
01:52
And the MarrowSumsum MinerPenambang, the way it worksbekerja is shownditunjukkan here.
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Dan Marrow Miner, cara bekerjanya ditampilkan di sini.
01:55
Our standardstandar see-throughtembus patientsabar.
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Seorang pasien transparan biasa.
01:57
InsteadSebaliknya of enteringmemasuki the bonetulang dozenspuluhan of timeswaktu,
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Daripada memasuki tulang berlusin kali,
01:59
we entermemasukkan just oncesekali, into the frontdepan of the hippanggul or the back of the hippanggul.
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kami masuk hanya sekali, ke depan pinggul atau belakang pinggul.
02:01
And we have a flexiblefleksibel, poweredbertenaga catheterkateter
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Dan kami punya sebuah kateter bermotor dan fleksibel
02:04
with a specialkhusus wirekawat looploop tiptip that staystetap insidedalam the crunchygaring partbagian of the marrowsumsum
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dengan ujung kawat berputar istimewa yang menetap di dalam bagian renyah dari sumsum
02:07
and followsberikut the contourskontur of the hippanggul, as it movesbergerak around.
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dan bergerak mengikuti lekukan-lekukan pinggul.
02:10
So it enablesmemungkinkan you to very rapidlycepat aspiratesedot,
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Jadi itu menyanggupkan Anda untuk dengan sangat cepat menyedot,
02:12
or suckmengisap out, richkaya bonetulang marrowsumsum very quicklysegera throughmelalui one holelubang.
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atau mengisap keluar, sumsum tulang yang subur melalui satu lubang.
02:15
We can do multiplebanyak passesmelewati throughmelalui that samesama entrymasuk.
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Kami bisa melakukan beberapa lewatan dari tempat masuk yang sama.
02:17
No robotsrobot requiredwajib.
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Tidak perlu robot.
02:19
And, so, very quicklysegera, BobBob can just get one puncturetusuk, locallokal anesthesiaanestesi,
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Dan, jadi, dengan cepat, Bob hanya mendapat satu tusukan, pembiusan lokal,
02:22
and do this harvestpanen as an outpatientrawat jalan.
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dan melakukan prosedur ini sebagai pasien rawat jalan.
02:26
So I did a fewbeberapa prototypesprototip. I got a smallkecil little granthibah at StanfordStanford.
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Jadi saya membuat beberapa prototipe. Saya mendapat sedikit hibah kecil dari Stanford.
02:29
And playeddimainkan around with this a little bitsedikit.
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Dan bermain-main sedikit dengan ini.
02:31
And our teamtim membersanggota developeddikembangkan this technologyteknologi.
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Dan anggota tim kami mengembangkan teknologi ini.
02:33
And eventuallyakhirnya we got two largebesar animalshewan, and pigbabi studiesstudi.
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Dan akhirnya kami dapat dua hewan besar, dan studi pada babi.
02:37
And we foundditemukan, to our surprisemengherankan, that we not only got bonetulang marrowsumsum out,
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Dan yang mengejutkan, kami menemukan bahwa kami tidak hanya mengeluarkan sumsum tulang,
02:39
but we got 10 timeswaktu the stembatang cellsel activityaktivitas
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tapi kami mendapat aktivitas stem cell 10 kali lipat
02:42
in the marrowsumsum from the MarrowSumsum MinerPenambang, compareddibandingkan to the normalnormal devicealat.
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di dalam sumsum yang diambil dengan Marrow Miner, dibandingkan dengan alat biasa.
02:44
This devicealat was just FDAFDA approveddisetujui in the last yeartahun.
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Alat ini baru saja disetujui FDA dalam setahun terakhir ini.
02:47
Here is a livehidup patientsabar. You can see it followingberikut the flexiblefleksibel curveskurva around.
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Di sini ada seorang pasien hidup. Anda dapat melihat alat ini mengikuti lekukan-lekukan fleksibel.
02:50
There will be two passesmelewati here, in the samesama patientsabar, from the samesama holelubang.
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Di sini akan ada dua lewatan, di dalam pasien yang sama, dari lubang yang sama.
02:53
This was doneselesai underdibawah locallokal anesthesiaanestesi, as an outpatientrawat jalan.
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Ini dilakukan dengan pembiusan lokal, sebagai pasien rawat jalan.
02:55
And we got, again, about threetiga to sixenam timeswaktu more stembatang cellssel
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Dan kami mendapatkan, lagi, stem cell sekitar tiga sampai enam kali lipat lebih banyak
02:58
than the standardstandar approachpendekatan doneselesai on the samesama patientsabar.
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daripada cara standar ketika dilakukan pada pasien yang sama.
03:01
So why should you carepeduli? BoneTulang marrowsumsum is a very richkaya sourcesumber of adultdewasa stembatang cellssel.
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Jadi mengapa Anda harus peduli? Sumsum tulang adalah sumber yang kaya akan stem cell dewasa.
03:04
You all know about embryonicembrio stembatang cellssel.
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Anda semua tahu tentang stem cell janin.
03:06
They'veMereka telah got great potentialpotensi but haven'ttidak yetnamun enteredmasuk clinicalklinis trialspercobaan.
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Mereka mempunyai potensi besar tapi belum memasuki uji klinis.
03:09
AdultOrang dewasa stembatang cellssel are throughoutsepanjang our bodytubuh,
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Stem cell dewasa terdapat di seluruh tubuh kita,
03:11
includingtermasuk the blood-formingdarah-membentuk stembatang cellssel in our bonetulang marrowsumsum,
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termasuk stem cell pembentuk darah di dalam sumsum tulang kita.
03:13
whichyang we'vekita sudah been usingmenggunakan as a formbentuk of stem-cellsel induk therapyterapi
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Kami telah menggunakan ini sebagai semacam terapi stem cell
03:15
for over 40 yearstahun.
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selama lebih dari 40 tahun.
03:17
In the last decadedasawarsa there's been an explosionledakan of use
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Di dalam dekade terakhir telah ada ledakan penggunaan
03:20
of bonetulang marrowsumsum stembatang cellssel to treatmemperlakukan the patient'spasien other diseasespenyakit
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stem cell sumsum tulang untuk mengobati penyakit lain sang pasien
03:23
suchseperti itu as heartjantung diseasepenyakit, vascularpembuluh darah diseasepenyakit,
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seperti penyakit jantung, penyakit pembuluh darah,
03:25
orthopedicsortopedi, tissuetisu engineeringteknik,
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bedah ortopedi, rekayasa jaringan,
03:27
even in neurologyneurologi to treatmemperlakukan Parkinson'sParkinson
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bahkan dalam neurologi untuk mengobati penyakit Parkinson,
03:29
and diabetesdiabetes.
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dan diabetes.
03:31
We'veKami telah just come out, we're commercializingmengkomersilkan, this yeartahun,
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Kami baru saja mengeluarkan, mengkomersilkan, tahun ini,
03:33
generationgenerasi 2.0 of the MarrowSumsum MinerPenambang.
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Marrow Miner generasi 2.0.
03:35
The hopeberharap is that this getsmendapat more stembatang cellssel out,
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Harapan kami adalah bahwa ini dapat mengeluarkan lebih banyak stem cell.
03:37
whichyang translatesditerjemahkan to better outcomeshasil.
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Yang berarti hasil-hasil yang lebih baik.
03:39
It maymungkin encouragemendorong more people to signtanda up to be
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Ini mungkin mendorong lebih banyak orang untuk mendaftar menjadi
03:41
potentialpotensi live-savinghidup menyelamatkan bonetulang marrowsumsum donorsdonor.
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donor sumsum tulang yang berpotensi menyelamatkan nyawa.
03:43
It maymungkin even enablememungkinkan you to bankbank
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Ini bahkan memungkinkan Anda untuk menabung
03:45
your ownsendiri marrowsumsum stembatang cellssel, when you're youngerlebih muda and healthierlebih sehat,
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stem cell sumsum Anda sendiri, ketika Anda lebih muda dan lebih sehat,
03:47
to use in the futuremasa depan should you need it.
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untuk digunakan di masa mendatang, kalau Anda membutuhkannya.
03:50
And ultimatelyakhirnya -- and here'sini a picturegambar of our
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Dan yang terakhir -- ini adalah foto dari
03:52
bonetulang marrowsumsum transplanttransplantasi survivorsselamat,
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pasien transplantasi sumsum tulang yang selamat,
03:54
who come togetherbersama for a reunionreuni eachsetiap yeartahun at StanfordStanford.
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yang berkumpul untuk acara reuni setiap tahun di Stanford.
03:56
HopefullyMudah-mudahan this technologyteknologi will let us
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Semoga teknologi ini dapat membantu kita untuk
03:58
have more of these survivorsselamat in the futuremasa depan.
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mendapatkan lebih banyak pasien yang selamat di masa mendatang.
04:00
ThanksTerima kasih.
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Terima kasih.
04:02
(ApplauseTepuk tangan)
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(Tepuk tangan)
Translated by Jacqueline Koh
Reviewed by Aditya Muharam

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Daniel Kraft - Physician scientist
Daniel Kraft is a physician-scientist, inventor and entrepreneur. He is the founder and chair of Exponential Medicine and has served as faculty chair for Medicine at Singularity University since its inception, exploring the impact and potential of rapidly developing technologies as applied to health and medicine.

Why you should listen

Dr. Daniel Kraft is a Stanford and Harvard trained physician-scientist with more than 25 years of experience in clinical practice, biomedical research and innovation. He is Faculty Chair for Medicine at Singularity University and is the founder and chair for Exponential Medicine, a program which explores convergent, rapidly developing technologies and their potential to reshape the future of health and biomedicine.

After medical school at Stanford, Kraft was board certified in both Internal Medicine and Pediatrics following residency at the Massachusetts General Hospital & Boston Children's Hospital, and he completed Stanford fellowships in hematology/oncology & bone marrow transplantation. He is a member of the inaugural class of Aspen Institute Health Innovators Fellows.

Kraft has extensive research in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine with multiple scientific publications, medical device, immunology and stem cell-related patents through faculty positions with Stanford University School of Medicine and as clinical faculty for the pediatric bone marrow transplantation service at University of California San Francisco. 

Kraft recently founded IntelliMedicine, focused on connected, data-driven and integrated personalized medicine. He is the inventor of the MarrowMiner, an FDA-approved device for the minimally invasive harvest of bone marrow, and he founded RegenMed Systems, a company developing technologies to enable adult stem cell-based regenerative therapies. He is an advisor the XPRIZE (having conceived of the Medical Tricorder XPRIZE and is helping lead a new Cancer focused prize), and advises several digital health and technology companies.

Kraft is an avid pilot and served for 14 years as an officer and flight surgeon with F-15 and F-16 fighter squadrons in the Air National Guard. He has conducted research on aerospace medicine that was published with NASA, with whom he was a finalist for astronaut selection.

More profile about the speaker
Daniel Kraft | Speaker | TED.com