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Gerard Ryle: How the Panama Papers journalists broke the biggest leak in history
Džerard Rajl (Gerard Ryle): Kako su novinari „Panamskih papira“ razotkrili najveće curenje informacija u istoriji
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Džerard Rajl je predvodio međunarodni tim koji je obelodanio „Panamske papire“, 11,5 miliona procurelih dokumenata tokom 40 godina aktivnosti panamske advokatske firme „Mosak Fonseka“, a koji su pružili do sada neviđen uvid u razmere i metode tajnog sveta ofšor finansija. Poslušajte priču o najvećem novinarskom projektu saradnje u istoriji.
Gerard Ryle - Investigative journalist
As director of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, Gerard Ryle is one of the key figures behind the Panama Papers. Full bio
As director of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, Gerard Ryle is one of the key figures behind the Panama Papers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Šta da radite ako morate
da izvučete informacije
da izvučete informacije
00:12
What do you do if you had
to figure out the information
to figure out the information
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koje se nalaze u 11,5 miliona dokumenata,
00:15
behind 11.5 million documents,
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00:17
verify it and make sense of it?
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da ih potvrdite i date im smisao?
To je bio izazov
sa kojom je grupa novinara
sa kojom je grupa novinara
00:20
That was a challenge
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00:21
that a group of journalists
had to face late last year.
had to face late last year.
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morala da se suoči
pred kraj prošle godine.
pred kraj prošle godine.
00:24
An anonymous person
calling himself John Doe
calling himself John Doe
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Anonimna osoba
koja se predstavila kao Džon Dou
koja se predstavila kao Džon Dou
00:28
had somehow managed to copy
nearly 40 years of records
nearly 40 years of records
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nekako je uspela da kopira
podatke tokom skoro 40 godina
podatke tokom skoro 40 godina
00:31
of the Panamanian law firm
Mossack Fonseca.
Mossack Fonseca.
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panamske advokatske kancelarije
„Mosak Fonseka“.
„Mosak Fonseka“.
00:35
This is one of many firms around the world
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Ovo je jedna od mnogo firmi širom sveta
koje su specijalizovane
koje su specijalizovane
00:38
that specialize in setting up accounts
in offshore tax havens
in offshore tax havens
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za postavljenje računa
u ofšor poreskim rajevima
u ofšor poreskim rajevima
00:41
like the British Virgin Islands,
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kao što su Britanska Devičanska Ostrva,
00:43
for rich and powerful people
who like to keep secrets.
who like to keep secrets.
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za bogate i moćne ljude
koji vole da čuvaju tajne.
koji vole da čuvaju tajne.
Džon Dou je uspeo da kopira
svaku tabelu iz ove firme,
svaku tabelu iz ove firme,
00:48
John Doe had managed to copy
every spreadsheet from this firm,
every spreadsheet from this firm,
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00:51
every client file,
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fajl svakog klijenta,
00:53
every email,
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svaki imejl,
00:55
from 1977 to the present day.
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od 1977. godine do današnjeg dana.
00:58
It represented the biggest cache
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To je predstavljalo najveće skrovište
01:01
of inside information
into the tax haven system
into the tax haven system
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unutrašnjih informacija
iz sistema poreskog raja
iz sistema poreskog raja
01:04
that anyone had ever seen.
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koje je iko ikada video.
01:06
But it also presented a gigantic challenge
to investigative journalism.
to investigative journalism.
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Međutim, to je predstavljalo
i ogroman izazov
i ogroman izazov
za istraživačko novinarstvo.
01:11
Think about it:
11.5 million documents,
11.5 million documents,
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Razmislite o tome: 11,5 miliona dokumenata
01:16
containing the secrets of people
from more than 200 different countries.
from more than 200 different countries.
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koji sadrže tajne ljudi
iz više od 200 različitih zemalja.
iz više od 200 različitih zemalja.
01:20
Where do you start
with such a vast resource?
with such a vast resource?
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Gde početi sa tako ogromnim izvorom?
01:22
Where do you even begin to tell a story
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Gde uopšte da počnete da pričate priču
01:25
that can trail off
into every corner of the globe,
into every corner of the globe,
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koja može da seže u svaki kraj sveta
01:28
and that can affect almost
any person in any language,
any person in any language,
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i koja može da utiče
na gotovo svaku osobu na bilo kom jeziku,
na gotovo svaku osobu na bilo kom jeziku,
01:31
sometimes in ways
they don't even know yet.
they don't even know yet.
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ponekad na načine
koji im još nisu poznati.
koji im još nisu poznati.
01:34
John Doe had given the information
to two journalists
to two journalists
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Džon Dou je dao informaciju
dvojici novinara
dvojici novinara
nemačkih novina „Zidojče cajtung“.
01:37
at the German newspaper
Süddeutsche Zeitung.
Süddeutsche Zeitung.
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01:40
He said he was motivated
by -- and I quote --
by -- and I quote --
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Rekao je da ga je motivisala - citiram -
01:43
"The scale of the injustice
that the documents would reveal."
that the documents would reveal."
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„Količina nepravde
koju će dokumenta otkriti.“
koju će dokumenta otkriti.“
Međutim, jedan jedini korisnik
nikada ne može osmisliti
nikada ne može osmisliti
01:48
But one user alone can never make sense
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01:50
of such a vast amount of information.
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tako ogromnu količinu informacija.
01:52
So the Süddeutsche Zeitung reached out
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Stoga se Zidojče cajtung obratio
01:54
to my organization in Washington, DC,
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mojoj organizaciji
u Vašingtonu u Okrugu Kolumbija,
u Vašingtonu u Okrugu Kolumbija,
01:57
The International Consortium
of Investigative Journalists.
of Investigative Journalists.
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Međunarodnom konzorcijumu
istraživačkih novinara.
istraživačkih novinara.
02:01
We decided to do something
that was the very opposite
that was the very opposite
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Odlučili smo da uradimo
nešto sasvim suprotno
nešto sasvim suprotno
svemu čemu su nas naučili
da radimo kao novinari -
da radimo kao novinari -
02:04
of everything we'd been taught
to do as journalists:
to do as journalists:
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02:07
share.
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da delimo.
02:08
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
Po prirodi, istraživački novinari
su vukovi samotnjaci.
su vukovi samotnjaci.
02:10
By nature, investigative
reporters are lone wolves.
reporters are lone wolves.
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02:14
We fiercely guard our secrets,
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Silno čuvamo svoje tajne,
ponekad čak i od svojih urednika,
02:15
at times even from our editors,
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02:17
because we know that the moment
we tell them what we have,
we tell them what we have,
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jer znamo da će, u trenutku
kada im kažemo šta imamo,
kada im kažemo šta imamo,
02:20
they'll want that story right away.
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želeti tu priču odmah.
02:22
And to be frank,
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A da budemo iskreni,
02:24
when you get a good story,
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kada dođete do dobre priče,
02:26
you like to keep the glory to yourself.
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voleli biste da zadržite slavu za sebe.
02:29
But there's no doubt
that we live in a shrinking world,
that we live in a shrinking world,
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Nema sumnje da živimo u sve manjem svetu
i da su mediji uglavnom sporo
postajali svesni toga.
postajali svesni toga.
02:32
and that the media has largely
been slow to wake up to this.
been slow to wake up to this.
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02:35
The issues we report on
are more and more transnational.
are more and more transnational.
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Teme o kojima izveštavamo
sve više prevazilaze nacionalni nivo.
sve više prevazilaze nacionalni nivo.
02:39
Giant corporations operate
on a global level.
on a global level.
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Ogromne korporacije posluju
na globalnom nivou.
na globalnom nivou.
02:42
Environmental and health
crises are global.
crises are global.
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Krize u oblasti zaštite životne sredine
i zdravlja su globalne.
i zdravlja su globalne.
02:45
So, too, are financial flows
and financial crises.
and financial crises.
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Isti je slučaj i sa finansijskim prilivima
i finansijskim krizama.
i finansijskim krizama.
02:49
So it seems staggering
that journalism has been so late
that journalism has been so late
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Stoga izgleda zapanjujuće
da novinarstvo toliko kasni
da novinarstvo toliko kasni
02:52
to cover stories in a truly global way.
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da pokrije priče na zaista globalan način.
02:55
And it also seems staggering
that journalism has been so slow
that journalism has been so slow
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Takođe je zapanjujuće
da je novinarstvo bilo tako sporo
da je novinarstvo bilo tako sporo
02:58
to wake up to the possibilities
that technology brings,
that technology brings,
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da postane svesno mogućnosti
koje donosi tehnologija,
koje donosi tehnologija,
03:02
rather than being frightened of it.
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umesto da je se plaši.
03:05
The reason journalists
are scared of technology is this:
are scared of technology is this:
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Razlog zbog kojeg se novinari
plaše tehnologije je sledeći.
plaše tehnologije je sledeći.
03:09
the profession's largest institutions
are going through tough times
are going through tough times
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Najveće institucije ove profesije
prolaze kroz teške trenutke
prolaze kroz teške trenutke
03:13
because of the changing way
that people are consuming news.
that people are consuming news.
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zbog izmenjenog načina
na koji ljudi pristupaju vestima.
na koji ljudi pristupaju vestima.
03:16
The advertising business models
that have sustained reporting are broken.
that have sustained reporting are broken.
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Srušeni su reklamni modeli poslovanja
koji su održavali izveštavanje.
koji su održavali izveštavanje.
03:21
And this has plunged
journalism into crisis,
journalism into crisis,
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To je gurnulo novinarstvo u krizu,
03:24
forcing those institutions
to reexamine how they function.
to reexamine how they function.
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primoravajući te institucije
da preispitaju kako funkcionišu.
da preispitaju kako funkcionišu.
03:30
But where there is crisis,
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Međutim, kada postoji kriza,
03:31
there is also opportunity.
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takođe postoji prilika.
Prvi izazov koji je postavilo
03:34
The first challenge presented
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ono što će postati poznato
kao „Panamski papiri“
kao „Panamski papiri“
03:35
by what would eventually become
known as the Panama Papers
known as the Panama Papers
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je postići da se dokumenta
mogu pretraživati i iščitavati.
mogu pretraživati i iščitavati.
03:38
was to make the documents
searchable and readable.
searchable and readable.
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03:40
There were nearly five million emails,
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Bilo je približno pet miliona imejlova,
03:43
two million PDFs that needed
to be scanned and indexed,
to be scanned and indexed,
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dva miliona fajlova pdf formata
koje je trebalo skenirati i popisati,
koje je trebalo skenirati i popisati,
03:46
and millions more files
and other kinds of documents.
and other kinds of documents.
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kao i milioni dodatnih fajlova
i drugih vrsta dokumenata.
i drugih vrsta dokumenata.
03:50
They all needed to be housed
in a safe and secure location
in a safe and secure location
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Trebalo ih je sve smestiti
na bezbednoj i sigurnoj lokaciji u oblaku.
na bezbednoj i sigurnoj lokaciji u oblaku.
03:53
in the cloud.
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03:54
We next invited reporters
to have a look at the documents.
to have a look at the documents.
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Zatim smo pozvali novinare
da pogledaju dokumenta.
da pogledaju dokumenta.
03:58
In all, reporters from more
than 100 media organizations
than 100 media organizations
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Sveukupno, reporteri
iz više od 100 medijskih organizacija
iz više od 100 medijskih organizacija
04:02
in 76 countries --
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u 76 zemalja -
04:04
from the BBC in Britain
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od Bi-Bi-Sija u Britaniji
04:06
to Le Monde newspaper in France
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i novina „Le Mond“ u Francuskoj
04:08
to the Asahi Shimbun in Japan.
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do „Asahi Šimbuna“ u Japanu.
04:12
"Native eyes on native names,"
we called it, the idea being,
we called it, the idea being,
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„Domaći pogled na domaća imena“,
tako smo to nazvali, pri čemu je ideja -
tako smo to nazvali, pri čemu je ideja -
04:16
who best to tell you
who was important to Nigeria
who was important to Nigeria
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ko će vam bolje reći
ko je važan za Nigeriju
ko je važan za Nigeriju
04:19
than a Nigerian journalist?
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od nigerijskog novinara?
Ko će to bolje uraditi za Kanadu
od kanadskog novinara?
od kanadskog novinara?
04:21
Who best in Canada than a Canadian?
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04:24
There were only two rules
for everyone who was invited:
for everyone who was invited:
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Postojala su samo dva pravila
za svakog ko je pozvan.
za svakog ko je pozvan.
04:27
we all agreed to share everything
that we found with everybody else,
that we found with everybody else,
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Svi smo se složili da podelimo
sve što smo našli sa svima ostalima
sve što smo našli sa svima ostalima
04:32
and we all agreed to publish
together on the same day.
together on the same day.
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i složili smo se da objavimo
zajedno, istog dana.
zajedno, istog dana.
Odabrali smo naše medijske partnere
04:35
We chose our media partners based on trust
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na osnovu poverenja koje je izgrađeno
kroz prethodne manje saradnje,
kroz prethodne manje saradnje,
04:37
that had been built up through
previous smaller collaborations
previous smaller collaborations
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04:41
and also from leads
that jumped out from the documents.
that jumped out from the documents.
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kao i na osnovu tragova
koji su proizašli iz dokumenata.
koji su proizašli iz dokumenata.
Tokom narednih nekoliko meseci,
04:44
Over the next few months,
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mojoj maloj neprofitnoj organizaciji
od manje od 20 ljudi
od manje od 20 ljudi
04:45
my small nonprofit organization
of less than 20 people
of less than 20 people
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04:48
was joined by more than 350 other
reporters from 25 language groups.
reporters from 25 language groups.
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priključilo se više od 350 drugih novinara
iz 25 grupa jezika.
iz 25 grupa jezika.
04:54
The biggest information leak in history
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Najveće curenje informacija u istoriji
04:55
had now spawned the biggest
journalism collaboration in history:
journalism collaboration in history:
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sada je iznedrilo
najveću novinarsku saradnju u istoriji,
najveću novinarsku saradnju u istoriji,
05:00
376 sets of native eyes doing
what journalists normally never do,
what journalists normally never do,
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sa 376 pari domaćih očiju koje rade
ono što novinari obično nikada ne rade,
ono što novinari obično nikada ne rade,
05:06
working shoulder to shoulder,
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sarađuju rame uz rame,
05:07
sharing information,
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dele informacije,
05:09
but telling no one.
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ali nikome ne govore.
Jer je postalo jasno u tom trenutku da,
05:12
For it became clear at this point
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05:13
that in order to make
the biggest kind of noise,
the biggest kind of noise,
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da bismo podigli najveću galamu,
05:16
we first needed
the biggest kind of silence.
the biggest kind of silence.
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najpre nam je potrebna najveća tišina.
Da bismo upravljali projektom
tokom mnogo meseci potrebnih za to,
tokom mnogo meseci potrebnih za to,
05:20
To manage the project
over the many months it would take,
over the many months it would take,
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izgradili smo sigurnu virtuelnu redakciju.
05:23
we built a secure virtual newsroom.
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05:25
We used encrypted communication systems,
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Koristili smo
šifrovane sisteme komunikacije
šifrovane sisteme komunikacije
05:28
and we built a specially
designed search engine.
designed search engine.
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i izgradili posebno osmišljen pretraživač.
05:30
Inside the virtual newsroom,
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Unutar virtuelne redakcije,
05:32
the reporters could gather
around the themes
around the themes
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novinari bi se okupili oko tema
koje su se pojavljivale iz dokumenata.
05:34
that were emerging from the documents.
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05:36
Those interested in blood diamonds
or exotic art, for instance,
or exotic art, for instance,
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Oni koje su interesovali krvavi dijamanti
ili egzotična umetnost, na primer,
ili egzotična umetnost, na primer,
mogli su da dele informaciju
o tome kako se ofšor svet koristio
o tome kako se ofšor svet koristio
05:41
could share information about how
the offshore world was being used
the offshore world was being used
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da se sakrije trgovina ovih roba.
05:45
to hide the trade in both
of those commodities.
of those commodities.
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Oni koje je zanimao sport
mogli su da podele informaciju
mogli su da podele informaciju
05:47
Those interested in sport
could share information
could share information
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05:49
about how famous sports stars
were putting their image rights
were putting their image rights
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o tome kako poznate sportske zvezde
postavljaju prava imidža
postavljaju prava imidža
05:53
into offshore companies,
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u ofšor kompanije,
05:54
thereby likely avoiding taxes
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time verovatno izbegavajući poreze
05:57
in the countries
where they plied their trade.
where they plied their trade.
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u zemljama gde se bave svojim poslom.
06:00
But perhaps most exciting of all
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Možda je najuzbudljiviji od svega
06:01
were the number of world leaders
and elect politicians
and elect politicians
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bio broj svetskih vođa
i izabranih političara
i izabranih političara
06:05
that were emerging from the documents --
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koji je proizašao iz dokumenata -
06:08
figures like Petro Poroshenko in Ukraine,
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likovi poput Petra Porošenka iz Ukrajine,
06:12
close associates
of Vladimir Putin in Russia
of Vladimir Putin in Russia
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bliskih saradnika
Vladimira Putina u Rusiji
Vladimira Putina u Rusiji
06:17
and the British Prime Minister,
David Cameron, who is linked
David Cameron, who is linked
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i britanskog premijera, Dejvida Kamerona,
povezanog preko pokojnog oca,
Ijana Kamerona.
Ijana Kamerona.
06:21
through his late father, Ian Cameron.
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06:24
Buried in the documents
were secret offshore entities,
were secret offshore entities,
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U tim dokumentima
bila su zakopana ofšor prava lica,
bila su zakopana ofšor prava lica,
06:27
such as Wintris Inc.,
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kao što je „Vintris a.d“,
kompanija na Britanskim
Devičanskim Ostrvima
Devičanskim Ostrvima
06:30
a company in the British Virgin Islands
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06:32
that had actually belonged
to the sitting Icelandic prime minister.
to the sitting Icelandic prime minister.
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koja je zapravo pripadala
aktuelnom islandskom premijeru.
aktuelnom islandskom premijeru.
06:36
I like to refer to Johannes Kristjansson,
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Volim da govorim o Johanesu Kristjansonu,
islandskom reporteru koga smo pozvali
da se priključi projektu,
da se priključi projektu,
06:38
the Icelandic reporter
we invited to join the project,
we invited to join the project,
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06:41
as the loneliest man in the world.
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kao o najusamljenijem čoveku na svetu.
06:44
For nine months, he refused paid work
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Tokom devet meseci, odbio je plaćeni posao
06:46
and lived off the earnings of his wife.
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i živeo od zarade svoje žene.
06:49
He pasted tarps
over the windows of his home
over the windows of his home
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Nalepio je ceradu preko prozora svoje kuće
06:51
to prevent prying eyes
during the long Icelandic winter.
during the long Icelandic winter.
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da bi se zaštitio od radoznalih pogleda
tokom duge islandske zime.
tokom duge islandske zime.
06:55
And he soon ran out of excuses
to explain his many absences,
to explain his many absences,
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Uskoro mu je ponestalo izgovora
da objasni toliko odsustvo
da objasni toliko odsustvo
06:59
as he worked red-eyed,
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dok je radio do premora,
07:00
night after night,
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iz noći u noć,
07:02
month after month.
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iz meseca u mesec.
07:03
In all that time, he sat on information
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Sve to vreme je posedovao informaciju
07:06
that would eventually bring down
the leader of his country.
the leader of his country.
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koja će na kraju
oboriti vođu njegove zemlje.
oboriti vođu njegove zemlje.
07:10
Now, when you're an investigative reporter
and you make an amazing discovery,
and you make an amazing discovery,
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Kada ste istraživački novinar
i dođete do neverovatnog otkrića,
i dođete do neverovatnog otkrića,
07:13
such as your prime minster can be linked
to a secret offshore company,
to a secret offshore company,
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kao, na primer, da se vaš premijer
može povezati sa tajnom ofšor kompanijom,
može povezati sa tajnom ofšor kompanijom,
07:17
that that company has a financial
interest in Icelandic banks --
interest in Icelandic banks --
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da ta kompanija ima finansijski interes
vezan za islandske banke -
vezan za islandske banke -
07:21
the very issue he's been elected on --
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što je upravo problem
zbog koga je on izabran -
zbog koga je on izabran -
07:24
well, your instinct
is to scream out very loud.
is to scream out very loud.
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pa, instinktivno vam dođe
da vrištite veoma glasno.
da vrištite veoma glasno.
Umesto toga, kao jedan od malo ljudi
sa kojima je mogao da govori,
sa kojima je mogao da govori,
07:28
Instead, as one of the few people
that he could speak to,
that he could speak to,
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07:30
Johannes and I shared
a kind of gallows humor.
a kind of gallows humor.
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Johanes i ja smo razmenjivali
neku vrstu crnog humora.
neku vrstu crnog humora.
„Vintris se približava“,
imao je običaj da kaže.
imao je običaj da kaže.
07:34
"Wintris is coming," he used to say.
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07:36
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
07:37
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
07:41
We were big fans of "Game of Thrones."
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Bili smo veliki obožavaoci
„Igre prestola“.
„Igre prestola“.
07:44
When reporters like Johannes
wanted to scream,
wanted to scream,
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Kada su novinari poput Johanesa
hteli da zavrište,
hteli da zavrište,
07:47
they did so inside the virtual newsroom,
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to su činili unutar virtuelne redakcije
07:50
and then they turned
those screams into stories
those screams into stories
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i pretvarali su te vriske u priče
07:52
by going outside the documents
to court records,
to court records,
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tako što su iz tih dokumenata
krenuli ka sudskim zapisima,
krenuli ka sudskim zapisima,
07:56
official company registers,
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zvaničnim registrima kompanija,
07:58
and by eventually putting questions
to those that we intended to name.
to those that we intended to name.
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i tako što su na kraju postavili pitanja
onima koje smo planirali da imenujemo.
onima koje smo planirali da imenujemo.
08:03
Panama Papers actually allowed
the reporters to look at the world
the reporters to look at the world
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„Panamski papiri“ su zapravo omogućili
reporterima da sagledaju svet
reporterima da sagledaju svet
08:07
through a different lens
from everybody else.
from everybody else.
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iz različite perspektive
u odnosu na sve ostale.
u odnosu na sve ostale.
08:09
As we were researching the story,
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Dok smo istraživali priču,
08:11
unconnected to us,
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nevezano za nas,
08:13
a major political bribery scandal
happened in Brazil.
happened in Brazil.
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u Brazilu se dogodio
veliki politički skandal podmićivanja.
veliki politički skandal podmićivanja.
08:17
A new leader was elected in Argentina.
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Novi predvodnik je izabran u Argentini.
08:20
The FBI began to indict officials at FIFA,
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Ef-Bi-Aj je počeo da podnosi tužbe
prema zvaničnicima saveza FIFA,
prema zvaničnicima saveza FIFA,
08:24
the organization that controls
the world of professional soccer.
the world of professional soccer.
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organizacije koja kontroliše svet
profesionalnog fudbala.
profesionalnog fudbala.
„Panamski papiri“ su zapravo imali
jedinstveni uvid
jedinstveni uvid
08:29
The Panama Papers
actually had unique insights
actually had unique insights
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08:31
into each one of these unfolding events.
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u svaki od tih događaja
koji su se odvijali.
koji su se odvijali.
08:33
So you can imagine the pressure
and the ego dramas
and the ego dramas
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Dakle, možete zamisliti
taj pritisak i drame ega
taj pritisak i drame ega
koji su mogli uništiti
ono što smo pokušavali da uradimo.
ono što smo pokušavali da uradimo.
08:37
that could have ruined
what we were trying to do.
what we were trying to do.
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08:39
Any of one of these journalists,
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Bilo koji od ovih novinara
08:41
they could have broken the pact.
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mogao je da prekrši sporazum,
08:42
But they didn't.
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ali nisu.
08:44
And on April 3 this year,
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Tako smo 3. aprila ove godine,
08:46
at exactly 8pm German time,
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u tačno 8 sati po vremenu u Nemačkoj,
08:48
we published simultaneously
in 76 countries.
in 76 countries.
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ovo istovremeno objavili u 76 zemalja.
08:52
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
09:03
The Panama Papers quickly became
one of the biggest stories of the year.
one of the biggest stories of the year.
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„Panamski papiri“ su ubrzo postali
jedna od najvećih priča godine.
jedna od najvećih priča godine.
09:07
This is the scene in Iceland
the day after we published.
the day after we published.
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Ovo je prizor u Islandu
dan nakon što smo objavili.
dan nakon što smo objavili.
09:10
It was the first of many protests.
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Bio je to prvi od mnogo protesta.
09:13
The Icelandic prime minister
had to resign.
had to resign.
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Islandski primer je morao da dȃ ostavku.
09:15
It was a first of many resignations.
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Bila je to prva od mnogo ostavki.
09:18
We spotlighted many famous people
such as Lionel Messi,
such as Lionel Messi,
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Usmerili smo pažnju na mnoge poznate ljude
kao što je Lajonel Mesi,
kao što je Lajonel Mesi,
09:21
the most famous
soccer player in the world.
soccer player in the world.
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najpoznatiji fudbaler na svetu.
09:24
And there were some
unintended consequences.
unintended consequences.
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Bilo je i nekih nepredviđenih posledica.
09:27
These alleged members
of a Mexican drug cartel were arrested
of a Mexican drug cartel were arrested
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Ovi navodni članovi
meksičkog narko-kartela uhapšeni su
meksičkog narko-kartela uhapšeni su
09:31
after we published details
about their hideout.
about their hideout.
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nakon što smo objavili detalje
o njihovom skrovištu.
o njihovom skrovištu.
09:34
They'd been using the address
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Koristili su tu adresu
09:36
to register their offshore company.
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da bi registrovali svoju ofšor kompaniju.
09:38
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
09:43
There's a kind of irony
in what we've been able to do.
in what we've been able to do.
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Ima neke ironije
u tome šta smo mogli da uradimo.
u tome šta smo mogli da uradimo.
09:45
The technology -- the Internet --
that has broken the business model
that has broken the business model
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Tehnologija, internet,
koja je srušila model poslovanja,
koja je srušila model poslovanja,
09:49
is allowing us to reinvent
journalism itself.
journalism itself.
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omogućila nam je da preosmislimo
samo novinarstvo.
samo novinarstvo.
09:52
And this dynamic is producing
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Ova dinamika proizvodi
09:54
unprecedented levels
of transparency and impact.
of transparency and impact.
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jedinstvene nivoe
trasparentnosti i uticaja.
trasparentnosti i uticaja.
09:57
We showed how a group of journalists
can effect change across the world
can effect change across the world
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Pokazali smo kako grupa novinara
može uticati na promenu širom sveta
može uticati na promenu širom sveta
10:01
by applying new methods
and old-fashioned journalism techniques
and old-fashioned journalism techniques
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primenom novih metoda
i staromodnih tehnika novinarstva
i staromodnih tehnika novinarstva
10:05
to vast amounts of leaked information.
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na veliku količinu procurelih informacija.
10:08
We put all-important context
around what was given to us by John Doe.
around what was given to us by John Doe.
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Stavili smo u suštinski važan kontekst
ono što nam je dao Džon Dou.
ono što nam je dao Džon Dou.
10:13
And by sharing resources,
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Razmenom sredstava
bili smo u mogućnosti da kopamo dublje,
10:14
we were able to dig deep --
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10:16
much deeper and longer than most
media organizations allow these days,
media organizations allow these days,
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mnogo dublje i duže
nego što većina medijskih organizacija
ovih dana dozvoljava,
ovih dana dozvoljava,
10:20
because of financial concerns.
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1743
iz finansijskih razloga.
10:23
Now, it was a big risk,
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Bio je to veliki rizik
10:25
and it wouldn't work for every story,
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1988
i ne bi funkcionisalo kod svake priče,
10:27
but we showed with the Panama Papers
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2004
ali sa „Panamskim papirima“ smo pokazali
da možete pisati o bilo kojoj zemlji
sa gotovo bilo sa kog mesta,
sa gotovo bilo sa kog mesta,
10:29
that you can write about any country
from just about anywhere,
from just about anywhere,
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10:32
and then choose your preferred
battleground to defend your work.
battleground to defend your work.
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a zatim odabrati bojno polje koje želite
da biste odbranili svoj rad.
da biste odbranili svoj rad.
Pokušajte da dobijete sudsku zabranu
10:36
Try obtaining a court injunction
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10:37
that would prevent the telling
of a story in 76 different countries.
of a story in 76 different countries.
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koja bi sprečila objavljivanje priče
u 76 različitih zemalja.
u 76 različitih zemalja.
10:42
Try stopping the inevitable.
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Pokušajte da zaustavite neizbežno.
10:45
Shortly after we published,
I got a three-word text from Johannes:
I got a three-word text from Johannes:
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Ubrzo nakon što smo objavili, dobio sam
poruku od tri reči od Johanesa:
poruku od tri reči od Johanesa:
10:49
"Wintris has arrived."
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„Vintris je stigao.“
10:52
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
10:53
It had arrived and so, too, perhaps
has a new era for journalism.
has a new era for journalism.
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Stigao je, a možda je stigla
i nova era novinarstva.
i nova era novinarstva.
10:57
Thank you.
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Hvala.
10:58
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
Bruno Đusani: Džerarde, hvala ti.
11:09
Bruno Giussani: Gerard, thank you.
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Pretpostavljam da ćeš uputiti
taj aplauz 350 novinara
taj aplauz 350 novinara
11:11
I guess you're going to send
that applause to the 350 journalists
that applause to the 350 journalists
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koji su radili sa tobom, zar ne?
11:14
who worked with you, right?
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11:15
Now, a couple of questions
I would like to ask.
I would like to ask.
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E, sad, hteo bih
da ti postavim par pitanja.
da ti postavim par pitanja.
Prvo je -
11:18
The first one is,
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radio si u tajnosti
tokom više od godinu dana
tokom više od godinu dana
11:19
you'd been working
in secrecy for over a year
in secrecy for over a year
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11:22
with 350-something colleagues
from all over the world --
from all over the world --
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sa 350 i nešto kolega
sa svih strana sveta -
sa svih strana sveta -
11:25
was there ever a moment when you thought
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da li se ikada pojavio trenutak
kada si pomislio
kada si pomislio
11:29
that the leak may be leaked,
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da bi curenje moglo procureti,
11:31
that the collaboration may just be broken
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da bi se saradnja mogla srušiti
11:33
by somebody publishing a story?
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1579
time što bi neko objavio priču,
11:35
Or somebody not in the group
releasing some information
releasing some information
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ili time što bi neko ko nije u grupi
pustio neku informaciju
pustio neku informaciju
11:38
that they got to know?
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za koju bi saznao?
11:40
Gerard Ryle: We had a series
of crises along the way,
of crises along the way,
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Džerard Rajl: Usput smo imali niz kriza,
11:42
including when something major
was happening in the world,
was happening in the world,
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uključujući to da,
kada se nešto veliko dešava u svetu,
kada se nešto veliko dešava u svetu,
11:45
the journalists from that country
wanted to publish right away.
wanted to publish right away.
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novinari iz te zemlje
hoće odmah da objave priču.
hoće odmah da objave priču.
Morali smo da ih smirujemo.
11:48
We had to calm them down.
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Verovatno najveća kriza koju smo imali
desila se nedelju dana pre objavljivanja.
desila se nedelju dana pre objavljivanja.
11:49
Probably the biggest crisis we had
was a week before publication.
was a week before publication.
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11:53
We'd sent a series of questions
to the associates of Vladimir Putin,
to the associates of Vladimir Putin,
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Postavili smo niz pitanja
saradnicima Vladimira Putina,
saradnicima Vladimira Putina,
11:57
but instead of responding,
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ali umesto da odgovori,
11:58
the Kremlin actually held
a press conference and denounced us,
a press conference and denounced us,
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Kremlj je zapravo održao
konferenciju za štampu,
konferenciju za štampu,
osudio nas i osudio celu tu stvar kao,
pretpostavljam, zaveru sa Zapada.
pretpostavljam, zaveru sa Zapada.
12:01
and denounced the whole thing
as being, I guess, a plot from the West.
as being, I guess, a plot from the West.
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12:05
At that point, Putin thought
it was just about him.
it was just about him.
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U tom trenutku, Putin je mislio
da se radi samo o njemu,
da se radi samo o njemu,
12:08
And, of course, a lot of editors
around the world
around the world
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Naravno, mnogi urednici širom sveta
12:10
were very nervous about this.
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bili su veoma nervozni zbog ovoga.
Mislili su da će priča isplivati.
12:12
They thought the story
was going to get out.
was going to get out.
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Možete da zamislite
količinu vremena koju su proveli,
količinu vremena koju su proveli,
12:14
You can imagine the amount
of time they'd spent,
of time they'd spent,
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količinu sredstava,
novac koji je potrošen na ovo.
novac koji je potrošen na ovo.
12:16
the amount of resources,
money spent on this.
money spent on this.
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Tako sam u suštini morao da provedem
poslednju nedelju smirujući sve ostale,
poslednju nedelju smirujući sve ostale,
12:18
So I had to basically spend
the last week calming everyone down,
the last week calming everyone down,
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12:21
a bit like a general,
where you're holding your troops back:
where you're holding your troops back:
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pomalo kao general,
dok zadržava svoje čete:
dok zadržava svoje čete:
„Mirno, ostanite mirni.“
12:24
"Calm, remain calm."
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12:26
And then eventually,
of course, they all did.
of course, they all did.
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Zatim su se na kraju,
naravno, svi smirili.
naravno, svi smirili.
12:29
BG: And then a couple weeks ago or so,
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BĐ: Zatim ste pre par nedelja
ili tako nešto
ili tako nešto
12:31
you released a lot of the documents
as an open database
as an open database
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objavili mnogo dokumenata
kao otvorenu bazu podataka
kao otvorenu bazu podataka
12:35
for everybody to search
via keyword, essentially.
via keyword, essentially.
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koju svako može da pretražuje
pomoću ključnih reči, u suštini.
pomoću ključnih reči, u suštini.
12:39
GR: We very much believe
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DžR: Mi snažno verujemo
12:40
that the basic information
about the offshore world
about the offshore world
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da osnovne informacije o ofšor svetu
treba da se obelodane.
12:42
should be made public.
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12:43
Now, we didn't publish
the underlying documents
the underlying documents
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Nismo objavili dokumenta u osnovi toga
koja pripadaju novinarima
sa kojima radimo.
sa kojima radimo.
12:46
of the journalists we're working with.
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12:48
But the basic information
such as the name of a person,
such as the name of a person,
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Međutim, osnovne informacije
kao što su ime osobe,
kao što su ime osobe,
12:51
what their offshore company was
and the name of that company,
and the name of that company,
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kakva je bila njena ofšor kompanija
i ime te kompanije
i ime te kompanije
sada su dostupne na internetu.
12:54
is now all available online.
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12:55
In fact, the biggest resource
of its kind basically is out there now
of its kind basically is out there now
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U stvari, najveći resurs svoje vrste
je u suštini dostupan tamo.
je u suštini dostupan tamo.
13:00
BG: Gerard, thank you for the work you do.
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BĐ: Džerarde, hvala ti na tvom radu.
13:02
GR: Thank you.
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gerard Ryle - Investigative journalistAs director of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, Gerard Ryle is one of the key figures behind the Panama Papers.
Why you should listen
Gerard Ryle is the director of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) in Washington, DC.
When journalists at the Süddeutsche Zeitung newspaper in Germany got hold of the documents from a whistleblower, their volume and complexity pushed them to turn to the ICIJ, which brought together 376 investigative journalists from more than 100 news organizations in 76 countries.
The reporters spent months collaborating in researching and checking the documents, using protected communication channels, bespoke search engines and other specialized tools built by ICIJ, and ICIJ coordinated the release of the information across the world. It was the biggest cross-border collaboration in journalism history. The Panama Papers resulted in resignations or political outcries in Britain, Iceland, Spain, Malta and Pakistan and triggered dozens of official inquires around the world.
Before joining as the ICIJ's first non-American director in September 2011, Ryle spent more than 25 years working as an investigative reporter, author and editor in Australia and in Ireland. He has more than 60 journalism awards from six countries, including honors from the George Polk Awards, Harvard University and the University of Liege. Reporters Without Borders has described his work with ICIJ as "the future of investigative journalism worldwide."
(Photo: Le Monde / Melissa Golden)
Gerard Ryle | Speaker | TED.com