TED2017
David Miliband: The refugee crisis is a test of our character
Dejvid Milibend (David Miliband): Izbeglička kriza je test našeg karaktera
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U 2016. godini, 65 miliona ljudi je raseljeno iz svojih domova usled konflikta i stradanja. Ovo nije samo kriza; to je ispit onoga ko smo i za šta se zalažemo, kaže Dejvid Milibend - i svako od nas je lično odgovoran da pomogne u razrešenju. U ovom govoru koji obavezno morate pogledati, Milibend daje određene, jasne načine na koje možete da pomognete izbeglicama i da pretvorite empatiju i altruizam u akciju.
David Miliband - Refugee advocate
As president of the International Rescue Committee, David Miliband enlists his expert statesmanship in the fight against the greatest global refugee crisis since World War II. Full bio
As president of the International Rescue Committee, David Miliband enlists his expert statesmanship in the fight against the greatest global refugee crisis since World War II. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I'm going to speak to you
about the global refugee crisis
about the global refugee crisis
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Pričaću vam o svetskoj izbegličkoj krizi
00:16
and my aim is to show you that this crisis
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i moj cilj je da vam pokažem
da je ova kriza
da je ova kriza
00:20
is manageable, not unsolvable,
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rešiva, ne nemoguća,
00:23
but also show you that this is
as much about us and who we are
as much about us and who we are
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ali i da vam pokažem da se ovo
mnogo više tiče nas i toga ko smo,
mnogo više tiče nas i toga ko smo,
00:29
as it is a trial of the refugees
on the front line.
on the front line.
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koliko je to pitanje izbeglica
koje su u prvim linijama borbe.
koje su u prvim linijama borbe.
00:33
For me, this is not
just a professional obligation,
just a professional obligation,
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Za mene ovo nije
samo profesionalna obaveza,
samo profesionalna obaveza,
00:36
because I run an NGO supporting refugees
and displaced people around the world.
and displaced people around the world.
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pošto vodim NVO koja podržava izbeglice
i raseljene ljude širom sveta.
i raseljene ljude širom sveta.
00:41
It's personal.
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To je lično.
00:43
I love this picture.
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Volim ovu sliku.
00:45
That really handsome guy on the right,
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Taj zgodni momak desno,
00:48
that's not me.
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to nisam ja.
00:49
That's my dad, Ralph, in London, in 1940
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To je moj tata, Ralf,
u Londonu, godine 1940,
u Londonu, godine 1940,
00:53
with his father Samuel.
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sa svojim ocem Semjuelom.
00:55
They were Jewish refugees from Belgium.
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Bili su Jevreji izbeglice iz Belgije.
00:58
They fled the day the Nazis invaded.
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Pobegli su na dan nacističke invazije.
01:02
And I love this picture, too.
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Volim i ovu sliku.
01:04
It's a group of refugee children
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To je grupa dece izbeglica
01:07
arriving in England in 1946 from Poland.
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koja dolaze u Englesku iz Poljske
godine 1946.
godine 1946.
01:11
And in the middle is my mother, Marion.
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U sredini je moja majka, Merion.
01:14
She was sent to start a new life
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Poslali su je u novi život
01:17
in a new country
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u novoj zemlji
01:19
on her own
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samu,
01:20
at the age of 12.
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sa 12 godina.
01:22
I know this:
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Znam ovo:
01:24
if Britain had not admitted refugees
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da Britanija nije primala izbeglice
01:27
in the 1940s,
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1940-ih,
01:29
I certainly would not be here today.
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ja svakako ne bih bio ovde danas.
01:34
Yet 70 years on,
the wheel has come full circle.
the wheel has come full circle.
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Ipak, nakon 70 godina,
obišli smo pun krug.
obišli smo pun krug.
01:38
The sound is of walls being built,
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Priča se o zidovima koji se grade,
01:41
vengeful political rhetoric,
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politička retorika je osvetoljubiva,
01:44
humanitarian values and principles on fire
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humanitarne vrednosti i principi nestaju
01:48
in the very countries
that 70 years ago said never again
that 70 years ago said never again
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u istim zemljama koje su pre 70 godina
rekle "nikad više"
rekle "nikad više"
01:52
to statelessness and hopelessness
for the victims of war.
for the victims of war.
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bespomičnosti i beznađu
koje snalazi žrtve rata.
koje snalazi žrtve rata.
01:58
Last year, every minute,
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Prošle godine, svakog minuta,
02:02
24 more people were displaced
from their homes
from their homes
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24 ljudi je iseljeno iz svojih domova
02:05
by conflict, violence and persecution:
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zbog konflikta, nasilja i progona:
02:09
another chemical weapon attack in Syria,
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još jedan hemijski napad u Siriji,
02:11
the Taliban on the rampage in Afghanistan,
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Talibani u naletu u Avganistanu,
02:15
girls driven from their school
in northeast Nigeria by Boko Haram.
in northeast Nigeria by Boko Haram.
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devojčice koje u severoistoku Nigerije
Boko Haram tera iz škole.
Boko Haram tera iz škole.
02:21
These are not people
moving to another country
moving to another country
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Ovo nisu ljudi koji se sele
u drugu državu
u drugu državu
02:25
to get a better life.
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radi boljeg života.
02:27
They're fleeing for their lives.
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Oni beže da spasu žive glave.
02:31
It's a real tragedy
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Prava je tragedija
02:33
that the world's most famous refugee
can't come to speak to you here today.
can't come to speak to you here today.
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što najpoznatiji izbeglica na svetu
danas ne može da dođe da priča pred vama.
danas ne može da dođe da priča pred vama.
02:39
Many of you will know this picture.
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Mnogi među vama znaju ovu sliku.
02:41
It shows the lifeless body
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Ona prikazuje beživotno telo
02:44
of five-year-old Alan Kurdi,
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petogodišnjeg Alana Kurdija,
02:46
a Syrian refugee who died
in the Mediterranean in 2015.
in the Mediterranean in 2015.
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sirijske izbeglice, koji je poginuo
na Mediteranu 2015.
na Mediteranu 2015.
02:51
He died alongside 3,700 others
trying to get to Europe.
trying to get to Europe.
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Poginuo je sa 3700 drugih
u pokušaju da dođu do Evrope.
u pokušaju da dođu do Evrope.
02:56
The next year, 2016,
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Naredne godine, 2016,
02:58
5,000 people died.
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poginulo je 5000 ljudi.
03:02
It's too late for them,
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Za njih je prekasno,
03:05
but it's not too late
for millions of others.
for millions of others.
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ali nije prekasno za milione drugih.
03:08
It's not too late
for people like Frederick.
for people like Frederick.
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Nije prekasno za ljude poput Frederika.
03:10
I met him in the Nyarugusu
refugee camp in Tanzania.
refugee camp in Tanzania.
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Upoznao sam ga u kampu za izbeglice
Njaragusu u Tanzaniji.
Njaragusu u Tanzaniji.
03:14
He's from Burundi.
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On je iz Burundija.
Želeo je da zna gde bi mogao
da završi svoje školovanje.
da završi svoje školovanje.
03:15
He wanted to know
where could he complete his studies.
where could he complete his studies.
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03:18
He'd done 11 years of schooling.
He wanted a 12th year.
He wanted a 12th year.
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Školovao se 11 godina.
Želeo je i 12. godinu.
Želeo je i 12. godinu.
03:21
He said to me, "I pray
that my days do not end here
that my days do not end here
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Rekao mi je: "Molim se da se moji dani
ne završe ovde
ne završe ovde
03:26
in this refugee camp."
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u ovom kampu za izbeglice.
03:28
And it's not too late for Halud.
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Za Halud nije prekasno.
03:31
Her parents were Palestinian refugees
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Njeni roditelji bili su
palestinske izbeglice
palestinske izbeglice
koje su živele u kampu za izbeglice
Jarmuk, nadomak Damaska.
Jarmuk, nadomak Damaska.
03:34
living in the Yarmouk refugee camp
outside Damascus.
outside Damascus.
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03:37
She was born to refugee parents,
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Roditelji su joj izbeglice,
03:39
and now she's a refugee
herself in Lebanon.
herself in Lebanon.
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i sada je i ona sama izbeglica u Libanu.
03:42
She's working for the International
Rescue Committee to help other refugees,
Rescue Committee to help other refugees,
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Radi za Međunarodni komitet za izbeglice
kako bi spasila još njih,
kako bi spasila još njih,
03:46
but she has no certainty at all
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ali uopšte nije sigurna
03:49
about her future,
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za svoju budućnost,
03:52
where it is or what it holds.
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gde je ona i šta se u njoj nalazi.
03:54
This talk is about Frederick, about Halud
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Ovaj govor tiče se Frederika, Halud
03:58
and about millions like them:
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i miliona onih poput njih:
04:00
why they're displaced,
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zašto su raseljeni,
04:02
how they survive, what help they need
and what our responsibilities are.
and what our responsibilities are.
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kako preživljavaju, kakva im pomoć treba
i šta je naša odgovornost.
i šta je naša odgovornost.
04:07
I truly believe this,
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Iskreno verujem
04:10
that the biggest question
in the 21st century
in the 21st century
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da se najveće pitanje 21. veka
04:13
concerns our duty to strangers.
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tiče naših dužnosti prema neznancima.
04:17
The future "you" is about your duties
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Budući "vi" ima veze sa vašim dužnostima
04:20
to strangers.
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prema neznancima.
04:22
You know better than anyone,
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Vi znate bolje od ikoga
04:23
the world is more connected
than ever before,
than ever before,
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da je svet povezaniji nego ikada pre
04:28
yet the great danger
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ali da je velika opasnost
04:30
is that we're consumed by our divisions.
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da nas proždiru naše podele.
04:34
And there is no better test of that
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A ne postoji bolji dokaz za to
04:36
than how we treat refugees.
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od toga kako se ophodimo
prema izbeglicama.
prema izbeglicama.
04:38
Here are the facts: 65 million people
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Evo činjenica: 65 miliona ljudi
04:41
displaced from their homes
by violence and persecution last year.
by violence and persecution last year.
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raseljeno iz svojih domova prošle godine
zbog nasilja i krivičnog gonjenja.
zbog nasilja i krivičnog gonjenja.
04:45
If it was a country,
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Da je to jedna zemlja,
04:46
that would be the 21st
largest country in the world.
largest country in the world.
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bila bi 21. po veličini u svetu.
04:50
Most of those people, about 40 million,
stay within their own home country,
stay within their own home country,
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Većina ovih ljudi, oko 40 miliona njih,
ostaje unutar sopstvene zemlje,
ostaje unutar sopstvene zemlje,
04:55
but 25 million are refugees.
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ali 25 miliona su izbeglice.
04:57
That means they cross a border
into a neighboring state.
into a neighboring state.
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To znači da prelaze granicu
u susednu državu.
u susednu državu.
05:01
Most of them are living in poor countries,
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Većina njih živi u siromašnim državama,
05:05
relatively poor or lower-middle-income
countries, like Lebanon,
countries, like Lebanon,
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relativno siromašnim
ili sa niskim prihodom, poput Libana,
ili sa niskim prihodom, poput Libana,
05:08
where Halud is living.
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gde živi Halud.
05:10
In Lebanon, one
in four people is a refugee,
in four people is a refugee,
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U Libanu,
svaka četvrta osoba je izbeglica,
svaka četvrta osoba je izbeglica,
05:15
a quarter of the whole population.
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što je 25% populacije.
05:18
And refugees stay for a long time.
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Izbeglice ostaju tu dugo.
05:20
The average length of displacement
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Prosečno vreme raseljenja
05:23
is 10 years.
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je 10 godina.
05:25
I went to what was the world's
largest refugee camp, in eastern Kenya.
largest refugee camp, in eastern Kenya.
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Otišao sam u tad najveći kamp za izbeglice
u istočnoj Keniji.
u istočnoj Keniji.
05:30
It's called Dadaab.
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Zvao se Dadab.
05:31
It was built in 1991-92
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Sagrađen je 1991-92.
05:33
as a "temporary camp"
for Somalis fleeing the civil war.
for Somalis fleeing the civil war.
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kao privremeni kamp za Somalijce
koji su bežali od građanskog rata.
koji su bežali od građanskog rata.
05:37
I met Silo.
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Upoznao sam Silo.
05:39
And naïvely I said to Silo,
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Naivno sam je upitao:
05:42
"Do you think you'll ever
go home to Somalia?"
go home to Somalia?"
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"Misliš li da ćeš se ikad
vratiti kući u Somaliju?"
vratiti kući u Somaliju?"
05:45
And she said, "What do you mean, go home?
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A ona je rekla: "Kako misliš kući?
05:48
I was born here."
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Ja sam rođena ovde."
05:50
And then when I asked the camp management
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A onda kada sam pitao upravu kampa
05:52
how many of the 330,000 people
in that camp were born there,
in that camp were born there,
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koji deo od 330 000 ljudi u kampu
je tamo i rođen,
je tamo i rođen,
05:56
they gave me the answer:
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dali su mi odgovor:
05:59
100,000.
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100 000.
06:01
That's what long-term displacement means.
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To je dugotrajno raseljenje.
06:05
Now, the causes of this are deep:
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Uzroci ovoga su duboki:
06:07
weak states that can't
support their own people,
support their own people,
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slabe države koje ne mogu
da podrže sopstveni narod,
da podrže sopstveni narod,
06:10
an international political system
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međunarodni politički sistem
06:13
weaker than at any time since 1945
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slabiji nego ikad od 1945,
06:16
and differences over theology, governance,
engagement with the outside world
engagement with the outside world
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kao i razlike u veri, vladavini,
vezi sa spoljašnjim svetom
vezi sa spoljašnjim svetom
06:20
in significant parts of the Muslim world.
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u značajnim delovima muslimanskog sveta.
06:24
Now, those are long-term,
generational challenges.
generational challenges.
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To su dugotrajni, generacijski izazovi.
06:27
That's why I say that this refugee crisis
is a trend and not a blip.
is a trend and not a blip.
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Zato kažem da je izbeglička kriza
trend, a ne kratkotrajna pojava.
trend, a ne kratkotrajna pojava.
06:32
And it's complex, and when you have
big, large, long-term, complex problems,
big, large, long-term, complex problems,
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Kompleksno je, a kada imate velike,
dugotrajne, kompleksne probleme,
dugotrajne, kompleksne probleme,
06:36
people think nothing can be done.
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ljudi misle da ne može da se učini ništa.
06:40
When Pope Francis went to Lampedusa,
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Kada je Papa Franja otišao u Lampeduzu,
06:43
off the coast of Italy, in 2014,
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na obali Italije, 2014,
06:44
he accused all of us
and the global population
and the global population
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sve nas i svestku populaciju optužio je
06:48
of what he called
"the globalization of indifference."
"the globalization of indifference."
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za ono što on naziva
"globalizacijom indiferentnosti".
"globalizacijom indiferentnosti".
To je izraz koji proganja.
06:52
It's a haunting phrase.
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06:54
It means that our hearts
have turned to stone.
have turned to stone.
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Znači da su se naša srca
pretvorila u kamen.
pretvorila u kamen.
06:58
Now, I don't know, you tell me.
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Ne znam, recite vi meni.
07:00
Are you allowed to argue with the Pope,
even at a TED conference?
even at a TED conference?
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Da li možete da se raspravljate sa papom,
čak i na TED konferenciji?
čak i na TED konferenciji?
07:04
But I think it's not right.
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Ali mislim da nije istina.
07:06
I think people do want
to make a difference,
to make a difference,
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Mislim da ljudi zaista žele
da naprave razliku,
da naprave razliku,
07:08
but they just don't know whether
there are any solutions to this crisis.
there are any solutions to this crisis.
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ali prosto ne znaju da li postoje
neka rešenja za ovu krizu.
neka rešenja za ovu krizu.
07:12
And what I want to tell you today
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Danas želim da vam kažem
07:14
is that though the problems are real,
the solutions are real, too.
the solutions are real, too.
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da iako su problemi stvarni,
i rešenja su stvarna.
i rešenja su stvarna.
07:17
Solution one:
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Rešenje jedan:
07:19
these refugees need to get into work
in the countries where they're living,
in the countries where they're living,
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ove izbeglice moraju naći posao
u zemljama gde žive
u zemljama gde žive
07:22
and the countries where they're living
need massive economic support.
need massive economic support.
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a zemljama gde oni žive potrebna je
ogromna ekonomska pomoć.
ogromna ekonomska pomoć.
07:26
In Uganda in 2014, they did a study:
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U Ugandi su 2014. izveli istraživanje:
07:28
80 percent of refugees
in the capital city Kampala
in the capital city Kampala
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80% izbeglica u glavnom gradu Kampali
07:31
needed no humanitarian aid
because they were working.
because they were working.
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nije bila potrebna humanitarna pomoć
jer su već radili.
jer su već radili.
07:34
They were supported into work.
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Data im je podrška u vidu posla.
07:36
Solution number two:
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Rešenje broj dva:
07:38
education for kids
is a lifeline, not a luxury,
is a lifeline, not a luxury,
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obrazovanje za decu je neophodnost
a ne luksuz,
a ne luksuz,
07:42
when you're displaced for so long.
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kada ste raseljeni tako dugo.
07:45
Kids can bounce back when they're given
the proper social, emotional support
the proper social, emotional support
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Deca mogu da se povrate kada im je data
prava socijalna i emotivna podrška
prava socijalna i emotivna podrška
07:49
alongside literacy and numeracy.
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pored jezičke i matematičke pismenosti.
07:51
I've seen it for myself.
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Sam sam to video.
07:54
But half of the world's refugee children
of primary school age
of primary school age
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Ali pola dece izbeglica širom sveta
u dobu osnovne škole
u dobu osnovne škole
07:58
get no education at all,
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nema nikakvo obrazovanje,
08:00
and three quarters of secondary school age
get no education at all.
get no education at all.
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a tri četvrtine dece u dobi srednje škole
ne dobija nikakvo obrazovanje.
ne dobija nikakvo obrazovanje.
08:03
That's crazy.
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To je ludo.
08:05
Solution number three:
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Rešenje broj tri:
08:08
most refugees are in urban areas,
in cities, not in camps.
in cities, not in camps.
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većina izbeglica je u urbanim sredinama,
u gradovima, ne u kampovima.
u gradovima, ne u kampovima.
08:11
What would you or I want
if we were a refugee in a city?
if we were a refugee in a city?
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Šta biste vi ili ja želeli
da smo izbeglica u gradu?
da smo izbeglica u gradu?
08:14
We would want money
to pay rent or buy clothes.
to pay rent or buy clothes.
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Želeli bismo novac da platimo kiriju
ili kupimo odeću.
ili kupimo odeću.
08:18
That is the future
of the humanitarian system,
of the humanitarian system,
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To je budućnost
humanitarnog sistema,
humanitarnog sistema,
08:20
or a significant part of it:
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ili značajan deo njega:
08:22
give people cash so that
you boost the power of refugees
you boost the power of refugees
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dajte ljudima novac tako da pojačate
moć izbeglica
moć izbeglica
08:24
and you'll help the local economy.
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1976
i pomoći ćete lokalnoj ekonomiji.
08:26
And there's a fourth solution, too,
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Postoji i četvrto rešenje,
08:28
that's controversial
but needs to be talked about.
but needs to be talked about.
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koje je kontroverzno
ali se o njemu mora pričati.
ali se o njemu mora pričati.
08:31
The most vulnerable refugees
need to be given a new start
need to be given a new start
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Najranjivijim izbeglicama
mora se pružiti novi početak
mora se pružiti novi početak
08:35
and a new life in a new country,
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i novi život u novoj državi,
08:38
including in the West.
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uključujući i Zapad.
08:40
The numbers are relatively small,
hundreds of thousands, not millions,
hundreds of thousands, not millions,
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Brojevi su relativno mali,
stotine hiljada, ne milioni,
stotine hiljada, ne milioni,
08:44
but the symbolism is huge.
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ali simbolizam je ogroman.
08:47
Now is not the time
to be banning refugees,
to be banning refugees,
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Sada nije vreme da branimo
pristup izbeglicama,
pristup izbeglicama,
kao što predlaže Trampova administracija.
08:50
as the Trump administration proposes.
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08:52
It's a time to be embracing people
who are victims of terror.
who are victims of terror.
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Vreme je da prihvatimo ljude
koji su žrtve terora.
koji su žrtve terora.
08:56
And remember --
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I setite se -
08:57
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
09:04
Remember, anyone who asks you,
"Are they properly vetted?"
"Are they properly vetted?"
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Setite se, kada vas neko pita:
"Da li su dobro provereni?",
"Da li su dobro provereni?",
09:08
that's a really sensible
and good question to ask.
and good question to ask.
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to je zapravo prilično logično
i dobro pitanje.
i dobro pitanje.
09:12
The truth is, refugees
arriving for resettlement
arriving for resettlement
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Istina je da se izbeglice koje dolaze
da bi se naselile
da bi se naselile
09:16
are more vetted than any other population
arriving in our countries.
arriving in our countries.
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provervaju više od bilo koje populacije
koja dolazi u naše zemlje.
koja dolazi u naše zemlje.
09:20
So while it's reasonable
to ask the question,
to ask the question,
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Iako je razumno postaviti to pitanje,
09:22
it's not reasonable to say that refugee
is another word for terrorist.
is another word for terrorist.
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nije razumno reći da je "izbeglica"
drugi naziv za teroristu.
drugi naziv za teroristu.
09:27
Now, what happens --
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Dešava se sledeće -
09:28
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
09:31
What happens when refugees can't get work,
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Kada izbeglice ne mogu da nađu posao,
09:34
they can't get their kids into school,
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ne mogu da školuju svoju decu,
09:36
they can't get cash,
they can't get a legal route to hope?
they can't get a legal route to hope?
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ne mogu da dođu do novca,
nemaju legalan put do nade.
nemaju legalan put do nade.
09:39
What happens is they take risky journeys.
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Onda idu na riskantna putovanja.
09:42
I went to Lesbos, this beautiful
Greek island, two years ago.
Greek island, two years ago.
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Pre dve godine otišao sam na Lezbos,
divno grčko ostrvo.
divno grčko ostrvo.
09:47
It's a home to 90,000 people.
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Tamo živi 90 000 ljudi.
09:49
In one year, 500,000 refugees
went across the island.
went across the island.
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U jednoj godini, 500 000 izbeglica
prešlo je preko ostrva.
prešlo je preko ostrva.
09:53
And I want to show you what I saw
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Želim da vam pokažem šta sam video
09:55
when I drove across
to the north of the island:
to the north of the island:
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kada sam se odvezao do severa ostrva:
09:58
a pile of life jackets
of those who had made it to shore.
of those who had made it to shore.
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hrpu pojaseva za spasavanje
onih koji su dospeli do obale.
onih koji su dospeli do obale.
10:02
And when I looked closer,
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Kada sam pogledao bliže,
10:04
there were small
life jackets for children,
life jackets for children,
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bilo je malih pojaseva za decu,
10:06
yellow ones.
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žute boje.
10:08
And I took this picture.
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Ovo sam fotografisao.
10:10
You probably can't see the writing,
but I want to read it for you.
but I want to read it for you.
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Verovatno ne vidite natpis,
ali pročitaću ga za vas.
ali pročitaću ga za vas.
10:13
"Warning: will not
protect against drowning."
protect against drowning."
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"Upozorenje: neće vas zaštititi
od davljenja."
od davljenja."
10:17
So in the 21st century,
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U 21. veku,
10:20
children are being given life jackets
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2256
deci se daju pojasevi za spasavanje
10:22
to reach safety in Europe
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2136
da bi došli na bezbedno u Evropu
10:24
even though those jackets
will not save their lives
will not save their lives
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3336
iako im ti pojasevi neće spasiti život
10:28
if they fall out of the boat
that is taking them there.
that is taking them there.
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ako ispadnu iz čamca
koji ih do tamo vodi.
koji ih do tamo vodi.
10:32
This is not just a crisis, it's a test.
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Ovo nije samo kriza, već i test.
10:37
It's a test that civilizations
have faced down the ages.
have faced down the ages.
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2920
To je test koji su civilizacije
imale pred sobom vekovima.
imale pred sobom vekovima.
10:41
It's a test of our humanity.
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629560
1560
To je test naše humanosti.
10:44
It's a test of us in the Western world
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2296
To je test nas u zapadnom svetu,
10:46
of who we are and what we stand for.
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634320
2200
toga ko smo i za šta se zalažemo.
10:51
It's a test of our character,
not just our policies.
not just our policies.
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To je test našeg karaktera,
a ne samo naše politike.
a ne samo naše politike.
10:54
And refugees are a hard case.
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A izbeglice su težak slučaj.
10:57
They do come from faraway
parts of the world.
parts of the world.
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645160
2320
Dolaze iz dalekih delova sveta.
11:00
They have been through trauma.
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Prošli su kroz traume.
11:02
They're often of a different religion.
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Često su druge vere.
11:04
Those are precisely the reasons
we should be helping refugees,
we should be helping refugees,
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Upravo to su razlozi
zašto da pomažemo izbeglicama,
zašto da pomažemo izbeglicama,
11:07
not a reason not to help them.
213
655400
1440
ne zašto da im ne pomažemo.
11:09
And it's a reason to help them
because of what it says about us.
because of what it says about us.
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3200
To je razlog da im pomognemo
jer to govori nešto o nama.
jer to govori nešto o nama.
11:14
It's revealing of our values.
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Otkriva naše vrednosti.
11:17
Empathy and altruism are two
of the foundations of civilization.
of the foundations of civilization.
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4960
Empatija i altruizam su
dva temelja civilizacije.
dva temelja civilizacije.
11:23
Turn that empathy and altruism into action
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671320
2416
Pretvorite tu empatiju
i altruizam u delanje
i altruizam u delanje
11:25
and we live out a basic moral credo.
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2240
i živećemo svoj osnovni moralni kredo.
11:28
And in the modern world,
we have no excuse.
we have no excuse.
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2256
U modernom svetu, nemamo izgovora.
11:31
We can't say we don't know
what's happening in Juba, South Sudan,
what's happening in Juba, South Sudan,
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679240
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Ne možemo reći da ne znamo
šta se dešava u Jubi, Južnom Sudanu,
šta se dešava u Jubi, Južnom Sudanu,
11:35
or Aleppo, Syria.
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683360
1576
ili u Alepu u Siriji.
11:36
It's there, in our smartphone
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2896
To je tu, na našim telefonima,
11:39
in our hand.
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1376
u našim rukama.
11:41
Ignorance is no excuse at all.
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2576
Neznanje nije izgovor.
11:43
Fail to help, and we show
we have no moral compass at all.
we have no moral compass at all.
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4400
Ako ne pomognemo, pokazaćemo
da uopšte nemamo moralni kompas.
da uopšte nemamo moralni kompas.
11:49
It's also revealing about
whether we know our own history.
whether we know our own history.
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697080
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To takođe otkriva da li poznajemo
sopstvenu istoriju.
sopstvenu istoriju.
11:52
The reason that refugees
have rights around the world
have rights around the world
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700960
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Razlog za to što izbeglice
širom sveta imaju prava
širom sveta imaju prava
11:55
is because of extraordinary
Western leadership
Western leadership
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703480
2776
je zbog izvanrednog vođstva Zapada
11:58
by statesmen and women
after the Second World War
after the Second World War
229
706280
2336
od strane vođa nakon
Drugog svetskog rata
Drugog svetskog rata
12:00
that became universal rights.
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708640
1960
koje je preraslo u univerzalna prava.
12:03
Trash the protections of refugees,
and we trash our own history.
and we trash our own history.
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711640
3640
Izbacite zaštitu izbeglica
i poništavamo sopstvenu istoriju.
i poništavamo sopstvenu istoriju.
12:08
This is --
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Ovo -
12:09
(Applause)
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1696
(Aplauz)
12:11
This is also revealing
about the power of democracy
about the power of democracy
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Ovo takođe otkriva moć demokratije
12:15
as a refuge from dictatorship.
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kao bekstva od diktature.
12:17
How many politicians have you heard say,
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Od koliko ste političara čuli:
12:20
"We believe in the power of our example,
not the example of our power."
not the example of our power."
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728760
4320
"Verujemo u moć svog primera,
ne primer moći."
ne primer moći."
12:25
What they mean is what we stand for
is more important than the bombs we drop.
is more important than the bombs we drop.
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Oni zapravo misle da je ono što zastupamo
bitnije od bombi koje bacamo.
bitnije od bombi koje bacamo.
12:30
Refugees seeking sanctuary
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1800
Izbeglice koje traže sklonište
12:32
have seen the West as a source
of hope and a place of haven.
of hope and a place of haven.
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740800
3840
su videle Zapad kao izvor nade
i mesto mira.
i mesto mira.
12:38
Russians, Iranians,
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746720
1920
Rusi, Iranci,
12:41
Chinese, Eritreans, Cubans,
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749480
2296
Kinezi, Eritrejci, Kubanci,
12:43
they've come to the West for safety.
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2600
došli su na Zapad zbog bezbednosti.
12:47
We throw that away at our peril.
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To odbacujemo na sopstvenu štetu.
12:50
And there's one other thing
it reveals about us:
it reveals about us:
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Postoji još nešto što to otkriva o nama:
12:52
whether we have any humility
for our own mistakes.
for our own mistakes.
246
760400
2334
da li imamo poniznosti
za sopstvene greške.
za sopstvene greške.
12:55
I'm not one of these people
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Nisam jedan od onih
12:57
who believes that all the problems
in the world are caused by the West.
in the world are caused by the West.
248
765200
3336
koji veruju da Zapad izaziva
sve probleme na svetu.
sve probleme na svetu.
13:00
They're not.
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To nije istina.
13:01
But when we make mistakes,
we should recognize it.
we should recognize it.
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769800
2360
Ali kada grešimo, treba to da prepoznamo.
13:04
It's not an accident
that the country which has taken
that the country which has taken
251
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Nije slučajnost da je država
koja je primila više izbeglica od svih,
Sjedinjene države,
Sjedinjene države,
13:07
more refugees than any other,
the United States,
the United States,
252
775400
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13:09
has taken more refugees from Vietnam
than any other country.
than any other country.
253
777680
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primila više izbeglica iz Vijetnama
nego iz bilo koje druge države.
nego iz bilo koje druge države.
13:13
It speaks to the history.
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781960
1200
To govori o istoriji.
13:16
But there's more recent history,
in Iraq and Afghanistan.
in Iraq and Afghanistan.
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784200
2680
Ali ima i skorije istorije,
u Iraku i Avganistanu.
u Iraku i Avganistanu.
13:19
You can't make up
for foreign policy errors
for foreign policy errors
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3736
Ne možete nadoknaditi
za greške u spoljašnjoj politici
za greške u spoljašnjoj politici
13:23
by humanitarian action,
257
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1576
humanitarnim delima,
13:24
but when you break something,
you have a duty to try to help repair it,
you have a duty to try to help repair it,
258
792920
3896
ali kada nešto polomite, imate dužnost
da pokušate da ga popravite,
da pokušate da ga popravite,
13:28
and that's our duty now.
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2280
i to je naša dužnost trenutno.
13:33
Do you remember
at the beginning of the talk,
at the beginning of the talk,
260
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2136
Sećate li se da sam na početku govora
13:35
I said I wanted to explain
that the refugee crisis
that the refugee crisis
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rekao da želim da objasnim
da je izbeglička kriza
da je izbeglička kriza
13:38
was manageable, not insoluble?
262
806200
1640
rešiva, ne nepopravljiva?
13:41
That's true. I want you
to think in a new way,
to think in a new way,
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2616
To je istina, želim da o tome mislite
na nov način,
na nov način,
13:43
but I also want you to do things.
264
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2720
ali želim i da radite stvari.
13:47
If you're an employer,
265
815680
2176
Ukoliko imate firmu,
13:49
hire refugees.
266
817880
1200
zaposlite izbeglice.
13:52
If you're persuaded by the arguments,
267
820440
2816
Ukoliko su vas ubedili argumenti,
13:55
take on the myths
268
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1496
protivite se mitovima
13:56
when family or friends
or workmates repeat them.
or workmates repeat them.
269
824800
2240
kada prijatelji, porodica ili kolege
krenu da ih ponavljaju.
krenu da ih ponavljaju.
Ako imate novca, dajte ga
humanitarnim organizacijama
humanitarnim organizacijama
14:00
If you've got money, give it to charities
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828440
2256
14:02
that make a difference
for refugees around the world.
for refugees around the world.
271
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2776
koje pomažu izbeglice širom sveta.
14:05
If you're a citizen,
272
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1200
Ako ste građanin,
14:08
vote for politicians
273
836040
2336
glasajte za političare
14:10
who will put into practice
the solutions that I've talked about.
the solutions that I've talked about.
274
838400
3616
koji će sprovesti u delo rešenja
o kojima smo pričali.
o kojima smo pričali.
14:14
(Applause)
275
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4216
(Aplauz)
14:18
The duty to strangers
276
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2176
Dužnost prema neznancima
14:20
shows itself
277
848480
1976
pokazuje se
14:22
in small ways and big,
278
850480
2536
na male i velike načine,
14:25
prosaic and heroic.
279
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1720
prozaične i herojske.
14:27
In 1942,
280
855800
1400
Godine 1942,
14:30
my aunt and my grandmother
were living in Brussels
were living in Brussels
281
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2376
moja tetka i baka živele su u Briselu
14:33
under German occupation.
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861000
1280
pod nemačkom okupacijom.
14:36
They received a summons
283
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1600
Pozvali su ih
14:38
from the Nazi authorities
to go to Brussels Railway Station.
to go to Brussels Railway Station.
284
866360
3840
iz nemačkih vlasti da odu
u Brisel na železničku stanicu.
u Brisel na železničku stanicu.
14:44
My grandmother immediately thought
something was amiss.
something was amiss.
285
872280
3080
Baka je odmah pomislila
da nešto nije u redu.
da nešto nije u redu.
14:48
She pleaded with her relatives
286
876720
2496
Molila je rodbinu
14:51
not to go to Brussels Railway Station.
287
879240
2120
da ne idu na železničku stanicu.
14:54
Her relatives said to her,
288
882240
1560
Rođaci su joj rekli:
14:57
"If we don't go,
if we don't do what we're told,
if we don't do what we're told,
289
885440
2776
"Ukoliko ne odemo,
ne uradimo šta nam je rečeno,
ne uradimo šta nam je rečeno,
15:00
then we're going to be in trouble."
290
888240
1667
bićemo u nevolji."
15:02
You can guess what happened
291
890760
1936
Možete pretpostaviti šta se desilo
15:04
to the relatives who went
to Brussels Railway Station.
to Brussels Railway Station.
292
892720
2524
sa rođacima koji su otišli
na železničku stanicu u Briselu.
na železničku stanicu u Briselu.
15:08
They were never seen again.
293
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1286
Nikad ih više nisu videli.
15:10
But my grandmother and my aunt,
294
898160
1640
Ali moja baka i tetka,
15:12
they went to a small village
295
900720
2536
otišle su u malo selo
15:15
south of Brussels
296
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1360
južno od Brisela
15:17
where they'd been on holiday
in the decade before,
in the decade before,
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gde su bile na odmoru
deset godina pre toga
deset godina pre toga
15:21
and they presented themselves
at the house of the local farmer,
at the house of the local farmer,
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i pojavile su se
u kući lokalnog poljoprivrednika,
u kući lokalnog poljoprivrednika,
15:24
a Catholic farmer called Monsieur Maurice,
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katolika zvanog gospodin Moris,
15:27
and they asked him to take them in.
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i pitale ga da ih primi.
15:30
And he did,
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To je i uradio,
15:32
and by the end of the war,
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i do kraja rata,
15:34
17 Jews, I was told,
were living in that village.
were living in that village.
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rečeno mi je da je u tom selu
živelo 17 Jevreja.
živelo 17 Jevreja.
15:40
And when I was teenager, I asked my aunt,
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Kada sam bio tinejdžer, pitao sam tetku:
15:42
"Can you take me to meet
Monsieur Maurice?"
Monsieur Maurice?"
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"Hoćeš li me odvesti da upoznam
gospodina Morisa?"
gospodina Morisa?"
15:45
And she said, "Yeah, I can.
He's still alive. Let's go and see him."
He's still alive. Let's go and see him."
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Rekla je: "Da, mogu. Živ je još.
Hajde da ga vidimo."
Hajde da ga vidimo."
15:48
And so, it must have been '83, '84,
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Mora da je bila '83. ili '84.
kada smo otišli da ga vidimo.
15:51
we went to see him.
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15:52
And I suppose, like only a teenager could,
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Pretpostavljam, kao i svaki tinejdžer,
15:55
when I met him,
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kada sam ga upoznao,
15:56
he was this white-haired gentleman,
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bio je to sedi gospodin,
16:00
I said to him,
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pitao sam ga:
16:03
"Why did you do it?
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"Zašto si to uradio?
16:05
Why did you take that risk?"
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Zašto si rizikovao?
16:09
And he looked at me and he shrugged,
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Pogledao me je i slegao ramenima
16:11
and he said, in French,
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i rekao, na francuskom:
16:13
"On doit."
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"On doit."
16:14
"One must."
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"Morao sam."
16:16
It was innate in him.
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Bilo mu je urođeno.
16:19
It was natural.
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Bilo je prirodno.
16:20
And my point to you is it should be
natural and innate in us, too.
natural and innate in us, too.
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Poenta je da i za nas treba da bude
urođeno i prirodno.
urođeno i prirodno.
16:24
Tell yourself,
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Recite sebi,
16:27
this refugee crisis is manageable,
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ova izgbeglička kriza je rešiva,
16:29
not unsolvable,
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ne nepopravljiva
16:31
and each one of us
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i svako od nas
16:33
has a personal responsibility
to help make it so.
to help make it so.
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ima ličnu odgovornost da se to i desi.
16:37
Because this is about the rescue
of us and our values
of us and our values
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Jer se ovo tiče spašavanja
nas i naših vrednosti
nas i naših vrednosti
16:41
as well as the rescue
of refugees and their lives.
of refugees and their lives.
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kao i spašavanja izbeglica
i njihovih života.
i njihovih života.
16:44
Thank you very much indeed.
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Hvala vam.
16:45
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
16:57
Bruno Giussani: David, thank you.
David Miliband: Thank you.
David Miliband: Thank you.
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Bruno Đuzani: Dejvide, hvala ti.
Dejvid Milibend: Hvala ti.
Dejvid Milibend: Hvala ti.
17:00
BG: Those are strong suggestions
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BĐ: To su jaki predlozi
17:01
and your call for individual
responsibility is very strong as well,
responsibility is very strong as well,
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i tvoj poziv za pojedinačnu odgovornost
takođe je snažan,
takođe je snažan,
17:04
but I'm troubled
by one thought, and it's this:
by one thought, and it's this:
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ali muči me jedna misao:
17:07
you mentioned, and these are your words,
"extraordinary Western leadership"
"extraordinary Western leadership"
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rekao si, tvojim rečima:
"izvanredno vođstvo Zapada",
"izvanredno vođstvo Zapada",
17:11
which led 60-something years ago
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koje je pre nekih 60 godina dovelo
17:12
to the whole discussion
about human rights,
about human rights,
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do cele diskusije o ljudskim pravima,
17:15
to the conventions on refugees, etc. etc.
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konvenciji o izbeglicama, itd.
To vođstvo dogodilo se
nakon velike traume i desilo se
nakon velike traume i desilo se
17:19
That leadership
happened after a big trauma
happened after a big trauma
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17:21
and happened in
a consensual political space,
a consensual political space,
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u dobrovoljnom političkom prostoru,
17:25
and now we are
in a divisive political space.
in a divisive political space.
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a sada smo u podeljenom
političkom prostoru.
političkom prostoru.
17:27
Actually, refugees have become
one of the divisive issues.
one of the divisive issues.
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Zapravo, izbeglice su postale
jedan od problema koji razdvaja.
jedan od problema koji razdvaja.
17:30
So where will leadership come from today?
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1960
Odakle će danas poteći vođstvo?
17:33
DM: Well, I think that you're right to say
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DM: Mislim da imaš pravo kada kažeš
17:35
that the leadership forged in war
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da je vođstvo skovano u ratu
17:38
has a different temper
and a different tempo
and a different tempo
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bilo drugačijeg stava i tempa
17:41
and a different outlook
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i sa drugim ishodima
17:42
than leadership forged in peace.
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od vođstva u miru.
17:45
And so my answer would be
the leadership has got to come from below,
the leadership has got to come from below,
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Moj odgovor bi bio da vođstvo
mora da potekne odozdo,
mora da potekne odozdo,
17:49
not from above.
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ne odozgo.
17:50
I mean, a recurring theme
of the conference this week
of the conference this week
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Tema koja se ponavlja
na konferenciji ove nedelje
na konferenciji ove nedelje
17:54
has been about
the democratization of power.
the democratization of power.
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je demokratizacija moći.
17:58
And we've got to preserve
our own democracies,
our own democracies,
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Moramo da sačuvamo
naše sopstvene demokratije,
naše sopstvene demokratije,
18:00
but we've got to also activate
our own democracies.
our own democracies.
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ali moramo i da ih aktiviramo.
18:02
And when people say to me,
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Kada mi ljudi kažu:
18:04
"There's a backlash against refugees,"
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"Postoji odbojnost prema izbeglicama",
18:06
what I say to them is,
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ja im kažem:
18:07
"No, there's a polarization,
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"Ne, postoji polarizacija,
18:09
and at the moment,
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i trenutno,
18:11
those who are fearful
are making more noise
are making more noise
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oni koji se plaše prave više buke
18:13
than those who are proud."
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1081104
1512
od onih koji se ponose."
18:14
And so my answer to your question
is that we will sponsor and encourage
is that we will sponsor and encourage
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Moj odgovor na tvoje pitanje je
da ćemo sponzorisati i ohrabriti
da ćemo sponzorisati i ohrabriti
18:18
and give confidence to leadership
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i dati poverenje vođstvu
18:20
when we mobilize ourselves.
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kada se mobilišemo.
18:22
And I think that when you are
in a position of looking for leadership,
in a position of looking for leadership,
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Mislim da kada ste u poziciji
gde tražite vođstvo,
gde tražite vođstvo,
18:25
you have to look inside
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treba da pogledate ka unutra
18:26
and mobilize in your own community
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i mobilišete unutar svoje zajednice
18:28
to try to create conditions
for a different kind of settlement.
for a different kind of settlement.
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3216
da pokušate da stvorite uslove
za drugačiju vrstu naseljavanja.
za drugačiju vrstu naseljavanja.
18:31
BG: Thank you, David.
Thanks for coming to TED.
Thanks for coming to TED.
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BĐ: Hvala ti Dejvide.
Hvala što si došao na TED.
Hvala što si došao na TED.
18:34
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Miliband - Refugee advocateAs president of the International Rescue Committee, David Miliband enlists his expert statesmanship in the fight against the greatest global refugee crisis since World War II.
Why you should listen
As the son of refugees, David Miliband has first-hand experience with those fleeing conflict and disaster. In 2013, he abandoned a long political career to take the helm of the International Rescue Committee, an NGO committed to emergency and long-term assistance to refugees (and founded at the call of Albert Einstein in 1933).
As a former UK Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Miliband is no stranger to cross-border politics. He is a leading voice against recent anti-refugee and immigration measures in the US, where the IRC currently runs resettlement programs in 29 cities.
David Miliband | Speaker | TED.com