ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Simon Anholt - Policy advisor
After 20 years working with the presidents and prime ministers of 54 countries, Simon Anholt has a plan to make the world work better.

Why you should listen

For 20 years, Simon Anholt has worked with the presidents, prime ministers and governments of more than fifty nations, devising strategies and policies to help them to engage more imaginatively and productively with the international community. 

In 2014, impatient to do better, Anholt founded the Good Country, a project aimed at helping countries work together to tackle global challenges like climate change, poverty, migration and terrorism, by mobilizing "the only superpower left on the planet: global public opinion."

According to The Independent, Anholt's aim is to change the way countries, cities and companies work "...by us all encouraging their leaders to think about the global impact of their actions, rather than cut-throat self-interest."

Measurement of Good Country progress is done through Anholt's Good Country Index, the only survey to rank countries according to their contribution to humanity and the planet rather than their domestic performance. According to The Guardian, "He has built his career in part as a formidable cruncher of data." Since 2005, his research into global perceptions of nations and cities has collected and analyzed over 300 billion data points. 

In 2016, Anholt launched the Global Vote, a project that enables anybody in the world to vote in other countries' elections, choosing the candidate who is likely to do most for humanity and the planet: three months later over 100,000 people from 130 countries took part in the Global Vote on the US Presidential Election. The Global Vote now covers an election somewhere in the world almost every month.

Anholt is an Honorary Professor of Political Science and the author of five books about countries, cultures and globalisation. He is the founder and Editor Emeritus of a leading academic journal focused on public diplomacy and perceptions of places.

 

More profile about the speaker
Simon Anholt | Speaker | TED.com
TEDSalon Berlin 2014

Simon Anholt: Which country does the most good for the world?

哪个国家对世界最有益?: Which country does the most good for the world?

Filmed:
6,237,290 views

全球化带来了一个意料之外的副作用:那些曾经只是地方性的问题——比如说,一家银行超额放贷——如今产生了影响全世界的后果。但每个国家仍然像唯一的星球一样独立运作。政策顾问Simon Anholt让政府开始向外考虑的空前设想:好国家指数。在这场精彩又幽默的演讲,他解答了“那个国家做的益事最多?”这个问题,结果可能出你所料(尤其是如果你住在美国或中国)。
- Policy advisor
After 20 years working with the presidents and prime ministers of 54 countries, Simon Anholt has a plan to make the world work better. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
I've been thinking思维 a lot about the world世界 recently最近
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最近我常常思考我们的世界
00:16
and how it's changed over the last 20, 30, 40 years年份.
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以及它在过去的20,30,40年里经历了何等的转变
00:19
Twenty二十 or 30 years年份 ago,
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20或30年前,
00:22
if a chicken caught抓住 a cold and sneezed打个喷嚏 and died死亡
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如果在东亚一个遥远村落里,一只鸡
00:24
in a remote远程 village in East Asia亚洲,
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患了感冒,打个喷嚏然后死了,
00:26
it would have been a tragedy悲剧 for the chicken
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对那只鸡和它的近亲来说
00:29
and its closest最近的 relatives亲戚们,
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可能是个灾难,
00:30
but I don't think there was much possibility可能性
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但我想我们不太可能会
00:32
of us fearing担心 a global全球 pandemic流感大流行
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因此而担心全球流行病
00:35
and the deaths死亡 of millions百万.
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和数百万人的死亡。
00:37
Twenty二十 or 30 years年份 ago, if a bank银行 in North America美国
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20或30年前,如果北美的一家银行
00:40
lent借给 too much money to some people
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借出了太多钱
00:42
who couldn't不能 afford给予 to pay工资 it back
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给那些无力偿还的人
00:44
and the bank银行 went bust胸围,
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并因此而倒闭了,
00:45
that was bad for the lender贷款人
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只是借贷双方
00:46
and bad for the borrower借款人,
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运气不好而已,
00:48
but we didn't imagine想像 it would bring带来
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但我们不会想到
00:50
the global全球 economic经济 system系统 to its knees膝盖
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这会给全球经济系统带来
00:52
for nearly几乎 a decade.
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将近10年的瘫痪期。
00:55
This is globalization全球化.
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这就是全球化。
00:57
This is the miracle奇迹 that has enabled启用 us
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这就是奇迹,它已经让
00:59
to transship转运 our bodies身体 and our minds头脑
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我们的身体,我们的头脑、
01:02
and our words and our pictures图片 and our ideas思路
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我们的语言、图像以及我们的思想、
01:04
and our teaching教学 and our learning学习 around the planet行星
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还有我们的教育和学习都围绕这个星球
01:08
ever faster更快 and ever cheaper便宜.
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运转得更快、成本更低。
01:11
It's brought a lot of bad stuff东东,
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它带来很多坏事,
01:12
like the stuff东东 that I just described描述,
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比如我刚才举的例子。
01:14
but it's also brought a lot of good stuff东东.
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但它也带来许多好事。
01:16
A lot of us are not aware知道的
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我们当中很多人并不了解
01:18
of the extraordinary非凡 successes成功 of
the Millennium千年 Development发展 Goals目标,
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千禧年发展目标取得了非凡的成就,
01:22
several一些 of which哪一个 have achieved实现 their targets目标
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有几个远在截止日期之前
01:24
long before the due应有 date日期.
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就完成了预定目标。
01:25
That proves证明 that this species种类 of humanity人性
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这证明了人类这个物种
01:28
is capable of achieving实现 extraordinary非凡 progress进展
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能够取得超凡的进展,
01:31
if it really acts行为 together一起 and it really tries尝试 hard.
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如果我们真正地一起合作并努力的话。
01:36
But if I had to put it in a nutshell简而言之 these days,
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但如果我简明扼要地说,
01:38
I sort分类 of feel that globalization全球化
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我觉得全球化有点儿
01:41
has taken采取 us by surprise,
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让我们措手不及,
01:43
and we've我们已经 been slow to respond响应 to it.
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我们对它的回应太慢了。
01:46
If you look at the downside缺点 of globalization全球化,
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如果你看看全球化的负面影响,
01:48
it really does seem似乎 to be sometimes有时 overwhelming压倒.
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有时候的确有点儿难以应付。
01:51
All of the grand盛大 challenges挑战 that we face面对 today今天,
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今天我们面对的所有重大挑战,
01:53
like climate气候 change更改 and human人的 rights权利
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像气候变化或人权问题
01:56
and demographics人口统计学 and terrorism恐怖主义 and pandemics流行病
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还有人口问题、恐怖主义和流行病
02:00
and narco-trafficking贩毒 and human人的 slavery奴隶制度
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还有毒品走私和奴隶贩卖
02:03
and species种类 loss失利, I could go on,
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以及物种灭绝,我可以一直说下去,
02:06
we're not making制造 an awful可怕 lot of progress进展
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我们在这么多可怕的挑战面前
02:08
against反对 an awful可怕 lot of those challenges挑战.
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并没有取得多么重大进展。
02:10
So in a nutshell简而言之, that's the challenge挑战
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所以简单来说,
02:12
that we all face面对 today今天
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这就是我们所有人今天面临的挑战,
02:13
at this interesting有趣 point in history历史.
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在这个有意思的历史时期。
02:16
That's clearly明确地 what we've我们已经 got to do next下一个.
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这很明显是我们接下来要做的。
02:18
We've我们已经 somehow不知何故 got to get our act法案 together一起
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我们要设法共同行动起来
02:21
and we've我们已经 got to figure数字 out how to globalize全球化
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我们要想办法如何更好的
02:23
the solutions解决方案 better
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解决全球化的问题
02:25
so that we don't simply只是 become成为 a species种类
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以至于我们不会沦为
02:27
which哪一个 is the victim受害者 of the globalization全球化 of problems问题.
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全球化问题中受害的一个种群。
02:32
Why are we so slow at achieving实现 these advances进步?
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为什么我们取得进展的速度如此缓慢?
02:36
What's the reason原因 for it?
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原因是什么?
02:38
Well, there are, of course课程, a number of reasons原因,
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当然,这有许多原因。
02:40
but perhaps也许 the primary reason原因
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但也许最首要的原因
02:42
is because we're still organized有组织的 as a species种类
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是我们这个物种的机构组成
02:46
in the same相同 way that we were organized有组织的
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与200或300年前的
02:47
200 or 300 years年份 ago.
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还是一样。
02:50
There's one superpower超级大国 left on the planet行星
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目前世界上只有一个超能力
02:52
and that is the seven billion十亿 people,
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那就是这7亿人口,
02:54
the seven billion十亿 of us who cause原因 all these problems问题,
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我们这7亿人,造成了所有这些问题,
02:56
the same相同 seven billion十亿, by the way,
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但同样的7亿人,
02:58
who will resolve解决 them all.
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也要解决这些问题。
03:00
But how are those seven billion十亿 organized有组织的?
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但这7亿人是怎么组织起来的呢?
03:02
They're still organized有组织的 in 200 or so nation-states民族国家,
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他们还是由200多个国家或者多民族国家组成,
03:06
and the nations国家 have governments政府
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国家都有政府
03:09
that make rules规则
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颁布法律
03:10
and cause原因 us to behave表现 in certain某些 ways方法.
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并要求我们遵守一定的准则。
03:13
And that's a pretty漂亮 efficient高效 system系统,
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这是一个相当有效的体制,
03:15
but the problem问题 is that the
way that those laws法律 are made制作
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但问题是这些法律的形成
03:18
and the way those governments政府 think
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以及政府思考问题的方式
03:21
is absolutely绝对 wrong错误 for the
solution of global全球 problems问题,
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在解决全球问题上是完全错误的,
03:23
because it all looks容貌 inwards向内.
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因为它只看到国内。
03:26
The politicians政治家 that we elect
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我们选举出来的政治家
03:28
and the politicians政治家 we don't elect, on the whole整个,
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还有我们没选的政治家,总体来说,
03:30
have minds头脑 that microscope显微镜.
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他们的思维方式都是显微镜式的。
03:31
They don't have minds头脑 that telescope望远镜.
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他们没有望远镜式的思维。
03:34
They look in. They pretend假装, they behave表现,
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他们只看国内。当他们行作起来的时候就假装
03:38
as if they believed相信 that every一切 country国家 was an island
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他们在相信好像每个国家都是一座岛屿
03:42
that existed存在 quite相当 happily高高兴兴, independently独立地
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独立而快乐地
03:44
of all the others其他
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存在于自己的小星球
03:45
on its own拥有 little planet行星
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于他国不无相干,
03:47
in its own拥有 little solar太阳能 system系统.
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而是在自己的太阳系里。
03:49
This is the problem问题:
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这就是问题所在:
03:51
countries国家 competing竞争 against反对 each other,
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国家间互相竞争,
03:53
countries国家 fighting战斗 against反对 each other.
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国家间互相征战,
03:55
This week, as any week you care关心 to look at,
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这周,或任何一周,如果你认真看的话,
03:57
you'll你会 find people actually其实 trying to kill
each other from country国家 to country国家,
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你会发现一个国家和另一个国家的人民在互相残杀,
04:00
but even when that's not going on,
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就算没有战争,
04:02
there's competition竞争 between之间 countries国家,
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国家之间也在互相竞争,
04:04
each one trying to shaft the next下一个.
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每个国家都试图把别国挤下去。
04:06
This is clearly明确地 not a good arrangement安排.
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这明显不是个良好的形势。
04:09
We clearly明确地 need to change更改 it.
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我们明显需要改变现状。
04:10
We clearly明确地 need to find ways方法
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我们明显需要找到一些方式
04:12
of encouraging鼓舞人心的 countries国家 to start开始 working加工 together一起
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以鼓励国家之间可以
04:15
a little bit better.
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共同合作得更好。
04:17
And why won't惯于 they do that?
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但他们为什么不这么做呢?
04:19
Why is it that our leaders领导者 still persist坚持 in looking inwards向内?
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为什么我们的领袖还坚持只看着自己呢?
04:23
Well, the first and most obvious明显 reason原因
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最主要和最明显的理由
04:25
is because that's what we ask them to do.
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就是因为那是我们要求他们这么做的。
04:27
That's what we tell them to do.
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这是我们叫他们做的。
04:28
When we elect governments政府
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当我们选举政府的时候
04:30
or when we tolerate容忍 unelected非民选 governments政府,
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或当我们容忍我们没有选的政府的时候,
04:32
we're effectively有效 telling告诉 them that what we want
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我们就是在告诉他们我们想要的
04:35
is for them to deliver交付 us in our country国家
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就是让他们在我们的国家
04:38
a certain某些 number of things.
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带来一系列的举措。
04:39
We want them to deliver交付 prosperity繁荣,
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我们希望他们带来繁荣、
04:42
growth发展, competitiveness竞争力, transparency透明度, justice正义
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发展、竞争力、透明度、正义,
04:47
and all of those things.
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和所有这些事情。
04:49
So unless除非 we start开始 asking our governments政府
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所以除非我们要求政府
04:51
to think outside a little bit,
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看远一点,
04:53
to consider考虑 the global全球 problems问题 that will finish us all
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考虑一下那些会毁灭我们的全球问题,
04:56
if we don't start开始 considering考虑 them,
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如果我们不开始考虑这些事情的话,
04:58
then we can hardly几乎不 blame them
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那么我们难以指责他们
05:00
if what they carry携带 on doing is looking inwards向内,
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如果他们继续只是关注国家内部的话,
05:03
if they still have minds头脑 that microscope显微镜
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如果他们依然只有显微镜的头脑
05:04
rather than minds头脑 that telescope望远镜.
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而没有望远镜头脑的话。
05:06
That's the first reason原因 why
things tend趋向 not to change更改.
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这是第一个为什么事情很难改变的原因。
05:09
The second第二 reason原因 is that these governments政府,
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第二个原因是这些政府
05:13
just like all the rest休息 of us,
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就像我们一样,
05:14
are cultural文化 psychopaths精神病患者.
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是文化精神变态。
05:17
I don't mean to be rude无礼,
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我并非要无礼,
05:18
but you know what a psychopath精神病患者 is.
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但你知道精神变态是什么。
05:20
A psychopath精神病患者 is a person who,
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一个精神变态者
05:21
unfortunately不幸 for him or her,
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对他/她来说很不幸的,
05:23
lacks缺乏 the ability能力 to really empathize同情
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是缺乏
05:25
with other human人的 beings众生.
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对其他人类真正的同情能力。
05:27
When they look around,
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当他们四下环顾,
05:28
they don't see other human人的 beings众生
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他们看到的不是
05:30
with deep, rich丰富, three-dimensional三维 personal个人 lives生活
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有深度的、内心丰富的、三维的人生
05:33
and aims目标 and ambitions野心.
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以及梦想和雄心。
05:34
What they see is cardboard纸板 cutouts切口,
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他们看到的是纸片人,
05:37
and it's very sad伤心 and it's very lonely孤独,
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这其实是非常可悲及孤独的,
05:39
and it's very rare罕见, fortunately幸好.
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但可幸的是这种情况很少见。
05:42
But actually其实, aren't most of us
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但事实上,我们大多数人
05:45
not really so very good at empathy同情?
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难道不是缺乏同情心吗?
05:48
Oh sure, we're very good at empathy同情
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当然,我们非常有同情心
05:49
when it's a question of dealing交易 with people
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当问题出在那些
05:51
who kind of look like us
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跟我们长得差不多
05:52
and kind of walk步行 and talk and eat and pray祈祷
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走路、说话和祈祷的方式差不多
05:55
and wear穿 like us,
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衣着也差不多的人,
05:56
but when it comes to people who don't do that,
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但当问题出在那些不那样做的人,
05:58
who don't quite相当 dress连衣裙 like us
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那些跟我们衣着不同的人,
06:00
and don't quite相当 pray祈祷 like us
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祈祷方式不同的人,
06:01
and don't quite相当 talk like us,
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说话方式不同的人,
06:04
do we not also have a tendency趋势 to see them
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我们岂不是倾向于
06:06
ever so slightly as cardboard纸板 cutouts切口 too?
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把他们当成纸片人吗?
06:09
And this is a question we need to ask ourselves我们自己.
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这是我们需要问自己的问题。
06:11
I think constantly经常 we have to monitor监控 it.
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我认为我们需要不断地监督自己。
06:13
Are we and our politicians政治家 to a degree
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我们和我们的政党某个程度上
06:16
cultural文化 psychopaths精神病患者?
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是不是文化精神变态?
06:19
The third第三 reason原因 is hardly几乎不 worth价值 mentioning
157
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第三个原因都不值一提
06:21
because it's so silly愚蠢,
158
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因为它太白痴了,
06:22
but there's a belief信仰 amongst其中包括 governments政府
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但政府间有一种想法,
06:24
that the domestic国内 agenda议程
160
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那就是国内事务
06:25
and the international国际 agenda议程
161
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和国际事务
06:27
are incompatible不相容 and always will be.
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是不兼容的,并会一直如此。
06:30
This is just nonsense废话.
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这是无稽之谈。
06:32
In my day job工作, I'm a policy政策 adviser顾问.
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我的工作是政策顾问。
06:33
I've spent花费 the last 15 years年份 or so
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我过去的15年左右
06:35
advising指导 governments政府 around the world世界,
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都在世界各国的政府里做顾问,
06:37
and in all of that time I have never once一旦 seen看到
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整个这段时间我从没见过
06:40
a single domestic国内 policy政策 issue问题
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任何一个国家政策问题
06:43
that could not be more imaginatively想象力,
169
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会不比国际问题
06:45
effectively有效 and rapidly急速 resolved解决
170
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能够更具想像力的、
06:48
than by treating治疗 it as an international国际 problem问题,
171
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高效并快捷的解决了。
06:50
looking at the international国际 context上下文,
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看看国际大环境,
06:52
comparing比较 what others其他 have doneDONE,
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比较其他国家是怎么做的,
06:54
bringing使 in others其他, working加工 externally外部
174
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请别人进来,外部合作
06:57
instead代替 of working加工 internally国内.
175
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而不只是内部工作。
07:00
And so you may可能 say, well, given特定 all of that,
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你可能说,就算这样,
07:04
why then doesn't it work?
177
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为什么不奏效呢?
07:05
Why can we not make our politicians政治家 change更改?
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为什么我们无法让政党改变?
07:08
Why can't we demand需求 them?
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为什么我们无法要求他们?
07:10
Well I, like a lot of us, spend
a lot of time complaining抱怨的
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我,就像我们中间许多人,花很多时间抱怨
07:13
about how hard it is to make people change更改,
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让人改变有多困难。
07:15
and I don't think we should fuss小题大作 about it.
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我不认为我们应该对此小题大作。
07:17
I think we should just accept接受
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我觉得我们应该接受
07:19
that we are an inherently本质 conservative保守 species种类.
184
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我们是天生非常保守的种类。
07:21
We don't like to change更改.
185
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我们不喜欢改变。
07:23
It exists存在 for very sensible明智 evolutionary发展的 reasons原因.
186
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这种现状的存在是因为非常合理的进化原因
07:26
We probably大概 wouldn't不会 still be here today今天
187
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2767
如果我们不是如此顽固执守的话,
07:29
if we weren't so resistant to change更改.
188
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2070
我们今天很可能不会在这里。
07:31
It's very simple简单: Many许多 thousands数千 of years年份 ago,
189
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2553
很简单:几千年前,
07:33
we discovered发现 that if we carried携带的 on
190
441742
1946
我们发现如果我们继续
07:35
doing the same相同 things, we wouldn't不会 die,
191
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2430
做同样的事情,我们就死不了。
07:38
because the things that we've我们已经 doneDONE before
192
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1842
因为我们以前所做的,
07:40
by definition定义 didn't kill us,
193
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肯定让我们生存下去,
07:41
and therefore因此 as long as we carry携带 on doing them,
194
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2077
所以只要我们继续这么做,
07:43
we'll be okay,
195
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1407
我们就没事,
07:45
and it's very sensible明智 not to do anything new,
196
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1668
不去尝试新事物是很合理的,
07:46
because it might威力 kill you.
197
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2460
因为新事物可能会杀了你。
07:49
But of course课程, there are exceptions例外 to that.
198
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2282
但当然,也有例外。
07:51
Otherwise除此以外, we'd星期三 never get anywhere随地.
199
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不然我们就无法前进。
07:54
And one of the exceptions例外, the interesting有趣 exception例外,
200
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1766
一个有趣的例外
07:55
is when you can show显示 to people
201
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1714
是当你告诉别人
07:57
that there might威力 be some self-interest自我利益
202
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2348
满怀信心
07:59
in them making制造 that leap飞跃 of faith信仰
203
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1687
并做出一些改变
08:01
and changing改变 a little bit.
204
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2267
是对他们自身有利的时候。
08:03
So I've spent花费 a lot of the last 10 or 15 years年份
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2402
所以我在过去的10到15年里
08:06
trying to find out what could be that self-interest自我利益
206
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试图找到那个
08:09
that would encourage鼓励 not just politicians政治家
207
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2149
可以鼓励不仅是政治家
08:11
but also businesses企业 and general一般 populations人群,
208
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也包括商家和大众的自身利益是什么,
08:14
all of us, to start开始 to think a little more outwardly向外,
209
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3015
我们所有人,开始一点点往远看,
08:17
to think in a bigger picture图片,
210
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想想大局,
08:19
not always to look inwards向内,
sometimes有时 to look outwards向外.
211
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不要总是只顾自己,偶尔也向外(世界)看看。
08:22
And this is where I discovered发现
212
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这时我发现了
08:24
something quite相当 important重要.
213
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2475
一件相当重要的事。
08:27
In 2005, I launched推出 a study研究
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2005年,我展开了一项研究
08:30
called the Nation国家 Brands品牌 Index指数.
215
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2590
称为“国家品牌指数”。
08:33
What it is, it's a very large-scale大规模 study研究 that polls民意调查
216
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2508
这是一个非常庞大的调查
08:35
a very large sample样品 of the world's世界 population人口,
217
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2087
它从世界人口范围取出庞大样品数据
08:38
a sample样品 that represents代表 about 70 percent百分
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2497
这个样本代表了
08:40
of the planet's地球上的 population人口,
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地球人口的70%,
08:43
and I started开始 asking them a series系列 of questions问题
220
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我开始问他们一系列的问题
08:45
about how they perceive感知 other countries国家.
221
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关于他们是如何看待自己国家的。
08:48
And the Nation国家 Brands品牌 Index指数 over the years年份
222
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1644
多年来国家品牌指数
08:50
has grown长大的 to be a very, very large database数据库.
223
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2503
变成了一个非常非常庞大的数据库。
08:52
It's about 200 billion十亿 data数据 points
224
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它具有大概两千亿数据点
08:55
tracking追踪 what ordinary普通 people
think about other countries国家
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记载了常人是如何看待他们国家的
08:57
and why.
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1983
以及为什么。
08:59
Why did I do this? Well, because
the governments政府 that I advise劝告
227
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为什么我要做这件事呢?因为我做顾问的政府
09:02
are very, very keen敏锐 on knowing会心
228
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1305
非常非常想要知道
09:03
how they are regarded认为.
229
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1615
他们是如何被看待的。
09:05
They've他们已经 known已知, partly部分地 because
230
533331
1445
他们已经了解到,一半是出于
09:06
I've encouraged鼓励 them to realize实现 it,
231
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1878
我鼓励他们来意识到
09:08
that countries国家 depend依靠
232
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1598
国家很大程度上
09:10
enormously巨大 on their reputations名誉
233
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取决于他们的声誉
09:12
in order订购 to survive生存 and prosper繁荣 in the world世界.
234
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来决定他们在世界中的生存及繁荣。
09:14
If a country国家 has a great, positive image图片,
235
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2249
如果一个国家有很伟大很正面的形象,
09:17
like Germany德国 has or Sweden瑞典 or Switzerland瑞士,
236
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2517
像德国、瑞典或瑞士,
09:19
everything is easy简单 and everything is cheap低廉.
237
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2095
所有事情就很容易而东西也会很便宜。
09:21
You get more tourists游客. You get more investors投资者.
238
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2236
你能得到游客,你能得到投资商。
09:24
You sell your products制品 more expensively昂贵.
239
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2047
你可以高价卖出你的商品。
09:26
If, on the other hand, you have a country国家
240
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1958
另一方面,如果你的国家
09:28
with a very weak or a very negative image图片,
241
555857
2013
有一个非常弱或负面的形象,
09:30
everything is difficult and everything is expensive昂贵.
242
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2430
所有事情就变得困难而且东西昂贵。
09:32
So governments政府 care关心 desperately拼命
243
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1901
所以政府极度关注
09:34
about the image图片 of their country国家,
244
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1265
国家的形象。
09:35
because it makes品牌 a direct直接 difference区别
245
563466
2134
因为它直接影响到
09:37
to how much money they can make,
246
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1641
他们能挣多少钱,
09:39
and that's what they've他们已经 promised许诺 their populations人群
247
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1709
这也是他们向国民所承诺的
09:41
they're going to deliver交付.
248
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2357
他们将给予的。
09:43
So a couple一对 of years年份 ago, I thought I would take
249
571307
1963
所以几年以后,我认为我可以
09:45
some time out and speak说话 to that gigantic巨大 database数据库
250
573270
3229
抽出些时间来跟那个庞大的数据库聊聊
09:48
and ask it,
251
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2207
问问它,
09:50
why do some people prefer比较喜欢 one country国家
252
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1892
为什么有些人更喜欢一个国家
09:52
more than another另一个?
253
580598
1763
相比于另一个国家?
09:54
And the answer回答 that the database数据库 gave me
254
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1539
数据库给我的答案
09:56
completely全然 staggered交错 me.
255
583900
1696
完全出乎我的意料。
09:57
It was 6.8.
256
585596
2189
答案是6.8。
09:59
I haven't没有 got time to explain说明 in detail详情.
257
587785
2089
我没时间解释详情。
10:02
Basically基本上 what it told me was —
258
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2356
基本上它告诉我的是——
10:04
(Laughter笑声) (Applause掌声) —
259
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4222
(笑声)(掌声)——
10:08
the kinds of countries国家 we prefer比较喜欢 are good countries国家.
260
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4232
我们喜欢的国家是好国家。
10:12
We don't admire欣赏 countries国家
primarily主要 because they're rich丰富,
261
600684
2821
我们不会因为有些国家富有而爱慕它们,
10:15
because they're powerful强大,
because they're successful成功,
262
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2024
或因为它们有权势,因为它们成功,
10:17
because they're modern现代, because
they're technologically技术 advanced高级.
263
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3364
因为他们现代化,因为他们有先进的科技。
10:21
We primarily主要 admire欣赏 countries国家 that are good.
264
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2853
我们爱慕一个国家因为它们好。
10:23
What do we mean by good?
265
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1363
“好”是什么意思?
10:25
We mean countries国家 that seem似乎 to contribute有助于
266
613109
1671
我们指的是那些国家
10:26
something to the world世界 in which哪一个 we live生活,
267
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2569
对我们所居住的世界作出了贡献。
10:29
countries国家 that actually其实 make the world世界 safer更安全
268
617349
2559
那些让世界更安全
10:32
or better or richer更丰富 or fairer更公平.
269
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2577
或更好或富有或更公平的国家。
10:34
Those are the countries国家 we like.
270
622485
1465
这些是我们喜欢的国家。
10:36
This is a discovery发现 of significant重大 importance重要性
271
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2521
这是一个有重大意义的发现——
10:38
you see where I'm going —
272
626471
1353
你知道我要说什么了——
10:40
because it squares广场 the circle.
273
627824
1867
因为它解释了一切。
10:41
I can now say, and often经常 do, to any government政府,
274
629691
2872
我现在可以说,而且经常说,对任何政府,
10:44
in order订购 to do well, you need to do good.
275
632563
2858
想要做得好,就要做好事。
10:47
If you want to sell more products制品,
276
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1495
如果你想卖更多产品,
10:49
if you want to get more investment投资,
277
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1536
如果你想得到更多投资,
10:50
if you want to become成为 more competitive竞争的,
278
638452
2998
如果你想变得更有竞争力,
10:53
then you need to start开始 behaving行为,
279
641450
1665
那你就得开始好好表现,
10:55
because that's why people will respect尊重 you
280
643115
1643
这样人们才会尊重你
10:56
and do business商业 with you,
281
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2069
与你展开商务往来,
10:59
and therefore因此, the more you collaborate合作,
282
646827
3083
因此,你合作得越多,
11:02
the more competitive竞争的 you become成为.
283
649910
2845
你就越有竞争力。
11:04
This is quite相当 an important重要 discovery发现,
284
652755
1778
这是一个相当重要的发现。
11:06
and as soon不久 as I discovered发现 this,
285
654533
1080
我一发现这一点,
11:07
I felt another另一个 index指数 coming未来 on.
286
655613
2245
我感到另一个指数的必要性。
11:10
I swear发誓 that as I get older旧的, my ideas思路 become成为 simpler简单
287
657858
2346
我发誓我年龄越大,我的想法就越简单
11:12
and more and more childish幼稚.
288
660204
1296
也会越孩子气。
11:13
This one is called the Good Country国家 Index指数,
289
661500
3968
这个指数叫好国家指数。
11:17
and it does exactly究竟 what it says on the tin.
290
665468
4053
它所做的完全是它的字面意思。
11:21
It measures措施, or at least最小 it tries尝试 to measure测量,
291
669521
2354
它衡量,起码试图衡量,
11:24
exactly究竟 how much each country国家 on Earth地球 contributes有助于
292
671875
2763
地球上每个国家到底贡献了多少
11:26
not to its own拥有 population人口 but to the rest休息 of humanity人性.
293
674638
3155
不是对它本身的国民而是其余的人类。
11:29
Bizarrely奇怪的是, nobody没有人 had ever thought
294
677793
1267
奇怪的是,从来没有人想过
11:31
of measuring测量 this before.
295
679060
1689
要来衡量这个。
11:32
So my colleague同事 Dr博士. Robert罗伯特 GoversGovers and I have spent花费
296
680749
2047
我的同事Robert Govers博士和我花了
11:34
the best最好 part部分 of the last two years年份,
297
682796
1743
过去两年的大部分时间,
11:36
with the help of a large number
of very serious严重 and clever聪明 people,
298
684539
3654
在许多非常认真而聪明的人们的帮助下,
11:40
cramming临时抱佛脚 together一起 all the reliable可靠 data数据 in the world世界
299
688193
2686
搜集了世界上所有
11:43
we could find about what countries国家 give
300
690879
2643
我们能找到的或国家愿意向世界提供
11:45
to the world世界.
301
693522
1593
的数据。
11:47
And you're waiting等候 for me to
tell you which哪一个 one comes top最佳.
302
695115
2378
你在等我告诉你哪个国家是第一名。
11:49
And I'm going to tell you,
303
697493
1728
我会告诉你,
11:51
but first of all I want to tell you
304
699221
1530
但首先让我告诉你
11:52
precisely恰恰 what I mean
305
700751
2705
我对于一个好国家
11:55
when I say a good country国家.
306
703456
2059
的精确定义是什么。
11:57
I do not mean morally道德 good.
307
705515
2224
我并不是说道德上的好。
11:59
When I say that Country国家 X
308
707739
1962
当我说某国家
12:01
is the goodestgoodest country国家 on Earth地球,
309
709701
2013
是世界上最好的国家,
12:03
and I mean goodestgoodest, I don't mean best最好.
310
711714
1309
而且我说的是最好(goodest),而不是最优秀的(best)。
12:05
Best最好 is something different不同.
311
713023
1453
最优秀(best)是另一个意思。
12:06
When you're talking about a good country国家,
312
714476
1294
当你说一个国家是好国家,
12:07
you can be good, gooder古德 and goodestgoodest.
313
715770
2134
你可以是好的,更好的,和最好的。
12:10
It's not the same相同 thing as good, better and best最好.
314
717904
3472
它与优秀的,更优秀的,和最优秀的不同。
12:13
This is a country国家 which哪一个 simply只是 gives more
315
721376
2501
这是一个单纯贡献更多
12:16
to humanity人性 than any other country国家.
316
723877
2326
为人类和其他国家的国家。
12:18
I don't talk about how they behave表现 at home
317
726203
1742
我不是说它们在家的行为如何,
12:20
because that's measured测量 elsewhere别处.
318
727945
2400
因为那是用其他东西来衡量的。
12:22
And the winner优胜者 is
319
730345
2060
优胜者是
12:24
Ireland爱尔兰.
320
732405
1811
爱尔兰。
12:26
(Applause掌声)
321
734216
5674
(掌声)
12:32
According根据 to the data数据 here,
322
739890
1905
根据数据,
12:33
no country国家 on Earth地球, per head of population人口,
323
741795
2890
世界上没有任何一个国家,平均每个人,
12:36
per dollar美元 of GDPGDP, contributes有助于 more
324
744685
2925
国内生产总值的每块钱,比爱尔兰
12:39
to the world世界 that we live生活 in than Ireland爱尔兰.
325
747610
1636
给予世界的更多。
12:41
What does this mean?
326
749246
1095
这意味着什么?
12:42
This means手段 that as we go to sleep睡觉 at night,
327
750341
2222
这意味着每晚我们睡前,
12:44
all of us in the last 15 seconds
before we drift漂移 off to sleep睡觉,
328
752563
3068
我们所有人在睡前的15秒钟,
12:47
our final最后 thought should be,
329
755631
1995
我们最后的一个想法应该是,
12:49
godammitgodammit, I'm glad高兴 that Ireland爱尔兰 exists存在.
330
757626
2317
该死的,我真为爱尔兰的存在感到庆幸。
12:52
(Laughter笑声)
331
759943
2198
(笑声)
12:54
And that — (Applause掌声) —
332
762141
7097
这——(掌声)——
13:01
In the depths深处 of a very severe严重 economic经济 recession不景气,
333
769238
3000
在每场剧烈的经济萧条期,
13:04
I think that there's a really important重要 lesson there,
334
772238
2518
我想这都是一个重要的功课,
13:06
that if you can remember记得
your international国际 obligations义务
335
774756
2116
如果你能记得你的国际责任,
13:09
whilst同时 you are trying to rebuild重建 your own拥有 economy经济,
336
776872
1970
在你重建本国经济的同时,
13:11
that's really something.
337
778842
1038
那是件了不起的事。
13:12
Finland芬兰 ranks行列 pretty漂亮 much the same相同.
338
779880
1655
芬兰排名差不太多。
13:13
The only reason原因 why it's below下面 Ireland爱尔兰
339
781535
1265
它之所以排在爱尔兰之后
13:15
is because its lowest最低 score得分了 is
lower降低 than Ireland's爱尔兰 lowest最低 score得分了.
340
782800
3083
是因为它的最低分比爱尔兰的最低分低。
13:18
Now the other thing you'll你会
notice注意 about the top最佳 10 there
341
785883
1797
另外一件你注意到的前十名的事情是
13:19
is, of course课程, they're all, apart距离 from New Zealand新西兰,
342
787680
2860
当然,除了新西兰以外,它们都是
13:22
Western西 European欧洲的 nations国家.
343
790540
1710
欧州国家。
13:24
They're also all rich丰富.
344
792250
1680
它们也很富有。
13:26
This depressed郁闷 me,
345
793930
1740
这让我很沮丧,
13:27
because one of the things that I did not want
346
795670
1512
因为我不想在这套数据中
13:29
to discover发现 with this index指数
347
797182
1578
发现
13:30
is that it's purely纯粹 the province of rich丰富 countries国家
348
798760
2356
纯粹是富国
13:33
to help poor较差的 countries国家.
349
801116
1025
在帮助穷国。
13:34
This is not what it's all about.
350
802141
2056
这不是这个指数的含义。
13:36
And indeed确实, if you look further进一步 down the list名单,
351
804197
1576
的确,如果你继续往下看名单,
13:37
I don't have the slide滑动 here, you will see
352
805773
2326
我并没有幻灯片,但你会发现
13:40
something that made制作 me very happy快乐 indeed确实,
353
808099
2289
一些让我非常愉快但事情,
13:42
that Kenya肯尼亚 is in the top最佳 30,
354
810388
2531
肯尼亚在前30名里,
13:45
and that demonstrates演示 one
very, very important重要 thing.
355
812919
2885
这表明了一件非常非常重要但事情。
13:48
This is not about money.
356
815804
1863
这与钱无关。
13:49
This is about attitude态度.
357
817667
1397
这是态度问题。
13:51
This is about culture文化.
358
819064
1466
这是文化问题。
13:52
This is about a government政府 and a people that care关心
359
820530
3447
这是那些政府和人民
13:56
about the rest休息 of the world世界
360
823977
1194
他们关注世界其他地区
13:57
and have the imagination想像力 and the courage勇气
361
825171
1992
并有想像力及勇气
13:59
to think outwards向外 instead代替 of only thinking思维 selfishly自私.
362
827163
3237
去向外看而不只是自私的考虑自己。
14:02
I'm going to whip鞭子 through通过 the other slides幻灯片
363
830400
1780
我会很快的略过其他幻灯片
14:04
just so you can see some
of the lower-lying低洼 countries国家.
364
832180
2948
为了让你看到一些排在后面的国家。
14:07
There's Germany德国 at 13th, the U.S. comes 21stST,
365
835128
3282
德国第13,美国第21,
14:10
Mexico墨西哥 comes 66th,
366
838410
1741
墨西哥第66,
14:12
and then we have some of
the big developing发展 countries国家,
367
840151
2118
然后我们看到一些发展中国家,
14:14
like Russia俄国 at 95th, China中国 at 107th.
368
842269
3140
俄国第95,中国107。
14:17
Countries国家 like China中国 and Russia俄国 and India印度,
369
845409
3004
像中国、俄国、印度这样的国家,
14:20
which哪一个 is down in the same相同 part部分 of the index指数,
370
848413
2553
大概在排名在差不多的位置,
14:23
well, in some ways方法, it's not surprising奇怪.
371
850966
2353
从某种意义上来说并不让人吃惊。
14:25
They've他们已经 spent花费 a great deal合同 of time
372
853319
1539
他们花很多时间
14:27
over the last decades几十年 building建造 their own拥有 economy经济,
373
854858
2163
在过去的几十年中建立自己的经济系统,
14:29
building建造 their own拥有 society社会 and their own拥有 polity政体,
374
857021
2686
建立他们自己的社会和体系,
14:31
but it is to be hoped希望
375
859707
1666
但我们希望是,
14:33
that the second第二 phase of their growth发展
376
861373
1367
他们发展的第二个阶段
14:34
will be somewhat有些 more outward-looking外向型
377
862740
1985
能够比第一阶段
14:36
than the first phase has been so far.
378
864725
2527
更看得远。
14:39
And then you can break打破 down each country国家
379
867252
2108
然后你可以将每个国家
14:41
in terms条款 of the actual实际 datasets数据集 that build建立 into it.
380
869360
3356
按实际多数据集分开看。
14:44
I'll allow允许 you to do that.
381
872716
849
我会让你这么做。
14:45
From midnight午夜 tonight今晚 it's going
to be on goodcountrygoodcountry.org组织,
382
873565
2662
从今天半夜开始它会在goodcountry.org上,
14:48
and you can look at the country国家.
383
876227
1183
你可以看看每个国家。
14:49
You can look right down to the
level水平 of the individual个人 datasets数据集.
384
877410
3868
你可以直接看到每个层次的单个数据集。
14:53
Now that's the Good Country国家 Index指数.
385
881278
2218
这就是好国家指数。
14:55
What's it there for?
386
883496
1369
它有什么目的?
14:57
Well, it's there really because I want to try
387
884865
2285
它存在的目的是因为我想尝试
14:59
to introduce介绍 this word,
388
887150
2451
想介绍这个词,
15:01
or reintroduce重新引入 this word, into the discourse演讲.
389
889601
4323
或重新介绍这个词,在我们的语境中。
15:06
I've had enough足够 hearing听力 about competitive竞争的 countries国家.
390
893924
2189
我已经听够了有竞争力的国家。
15:08
I've had enough足够 hearing听力 about
391
896113
1795
我听够了
15:10
prosperous繁荣, wealthy富裕, fast-growing快速生长 countries国家.
392
897908
3786
繁荣、富有、发展迅速的国家。
15:13
I've even had enough足够 hearing听力 about happy快乐 countries国家
393
901694
3248
我甚至听够了快乐的国家
15:17
because in the end结束 that's still selfish自私.
394
904942
2041
因为说到底这都是自私的。
15:19
That's still about us,
395
906983
1504
都是关乎我们自己。
15:20
and if we carry携带 on thinking思维 about us,
396
908487
1868
如果我们继续地考虑自己,
15:22
we are in deep, deep trouble麻烦.
397
910355
2542
我们就有大麻烦了。
15:25
I think we all know what it is
398
912897
1631
我想我们都知道
15:26
that we want to hear about.
399
914528
1123
我们想听到什么。
15:27
We want to hear about good countries国家,
400
915651
3045
我们想听到关于好国家,
15:30
and so I want to ask you all a favor偏爱.
401
918696
3630
所以我想请求你一件事。
15:34
I'm not asking a lot.
402
922326
1596
我所要求的不多。
15:36
It's something that you might威力 find easy简单 to do
403
923922
1953
对你来说可能很容易
15:38
and you might威力 even find enjoyable其乐融融
404
925875
1025
你可能也会觉得做这件事很高兴
15:39
and even helpful有帮助 to do,
405
926900
1603
甚至很有帮助,
15:40
and that's simply只是 to start开始 using运用 the word "good"
406
928503
3282
那就是单纯地开始使用“好”这个词
15:43
in this context上下文.
407
931785
1682
在这个大环境中。
15:45
When you think about your own拥有 country国家,
408
933467
2187
当你想到你自己的国家,
15:47
when you think about other people's人们 countries国家,
409
935654
2129
当你想到其他人的国家,
15:49
when you think about companies公司,
410
937783
1783
当你想到公司,
15:51
when you talk about the world世界 that we live生活 in today今天,
411
939566
2211
当你谈论我们如今所居住的世界,
15:53
start开始 using运用 that word
412
941777
1898
开始用这个词
15:55
in the way that I've talked about this evening晚间.
413
943675
2768
而且是用我们今晚谈论的方式使用。
15:58
Not good, the opposite对面 of bad,
414
946443
1904
不是“坏”的反义词“好”,
16:00
because that's an argument论据 that never finishes饰面.
415
948347
2276
因为这是一个永无完结的争论。
16:02
Good, the opposite对面 of selfish自私,
416
950623
2344
是“自私”的反义词“好”,
16:05
good being存在 a country国家 that thinks about all of us.
417
952967
3183
好的意思是这个国家为所有人考虑。
16:08
That's what I would like you to do,
418
956150
1410
这是我希望你做的,
16:09
and I'd like you to use it as a stick
419
957560
1385
我希望你用它当一根棍子
16:11
with which哪一个 to beat击败 your politicians政治家.
420
958945
2643
来鞭策你的政党。
16:13
When you elect them, when you reelect改选 them,
421
961588
2307
当你选举他们或重选他们的时候,
16:16
when you vote投票 for them, when you listen
422
963895
1412
当你为他们投票,听他们说
16:17
to what they're offering you,
423
965307
2535
他们能给你带来什么的时候,
16:20
use that word, "good,"
424
967842
1712
用“好”这个词,
16:21
and ask yourself你自己,
425
969554
1484
并问你自己,
16:23
"Is that what a good country国家 would do?"
426
971038
2073
“这是一个好国家会做的事吗?”
16:25
And if the answer回答 is no, be very suspicious可疑.
427
973111
3293
如果答案是不,那就要持怀疑态度。
16:28
Ask yourself你自己, is that the behavior行为
428
976404
2425
问你自己,这种行为
16:31
of my country国家?
429
978829
1436
是我的国家该有的吗?
16:32
Do I want to come from a country国家
430
980265
2132
我愿意来自于一个
16:34
where the government政府, in my name名称,
431
982397
1567
政府以我的名义
16:36
is doing things like that?
432
983964
1862
做这种事情的国家吗?
16:38
Or do I, on the other hand,
433
985826
1756
或者我,从另一方面来说,
16:39
prefer比较喜欢 the idea理念 of walking步行 around the world世界
434
987582
1628
更喜欢在周游世界的时候
16:41
with my head held保持 high thinking思维, "Yeah,
435
989210
2154
可以抬头挺胸的说,“是的,
16:43
I'm proud骄傲 to come from a good country国家"?
436
991364
2491
我很自豪的来自于一个好国家“?
16:46
And everybody每个人 will welcome欢迎 you.
437
993855
1988
每个人都会欢迎你。
16:48
And everybody每个人 in the last 15 seconds
438
995843
1624
每个人都会在
16:49
before they drift漂移 off to sleep睡觉 at night will say,
439
997467
2670
他们睡前都15秒钟说,
16:52
"Gosh天哪, I'm glad高兴 that person's人的 country国家 exists存在."
440
1000137
2881
“我为这个国家都存在感到骄傲。”
16:55
Ultimately最终,, that, I think,
441
1003018
2187
最终,我认为,
16:57
is what will make the change更改.
442
1005205
1754
这是改变的原因。
16:59
That word, "good,"
443
1006959
1717
这个词,“好”,
17:00
and the number 6.8
444
1008676
1647
还有6.8这个数字
17:02
and the discovery发现 that's behind背后 it
445
1010323
2258
还有这背后的发现
17:04
have changed my life.
446
1012581
1668
改变了我的人生。
17:06
I think they can change更改 your life,
447
1014249
1887
我想它们也能改变你的人生,
17:08
and I think we can use it to change更改
448
1016136
1859
我认为我们能用它来改变
17:10
the way that our politicians政治家
and our companies公司 behave表现,
449
1017995
2420
我们的政党和企业的行为,
17:12
and in doing so, we can change更改 the world世界.
450
1020415
3865
这样,我们就可以改变世界。
17:16
I've started开始 thinking思维 very differently不同 about
451
1024280
1550
我开始以非常不同的方式考虑
17:18
my own拥有 country国家 since以来 I've been
thinking思维 about these things.
452
1025830
2693
我自己的国家,自从我开始思考这些事情。
17:20
I used to think that I wanted to live生活 in a rich丰富 country国家,
453
1028523
2087
我曾经想我会愿意住在一个富有的国家,
17:22
and then I started开始 thinking思维 I
wanted to live生活 in a happy快乐 country国家,
454
1030610
2400
后来我想我会愿意住在一个快乐的国家,
17:25
but I began开始 to realize实现, it's not enough足够.
455
1033010
2614
但我开始意识到,这些都不够。
17:27
I don't want to live生活 in a rich丰富 country国家.
456
1035624
2045
我不想住在一个富有的国家。
17:29
I don't want to live生活 in a fast-growing快速生长
457
1037669
1933
我不想住在一个快速发展
17:31
or competitive竞争的 country国家.
458
1039602
2683
或是竞争力强的国家。
17:34
I want to live生活 in a good country国家,
459
1042285
3118
我想住在一个好国家,
17:37
and I so, so hope希望 that you do too.
460
1045403
3493
而且我十分、十分希望你也这么想。
17:41
Thank you.
461
1048896
2584
多谢。
17:43
(Applause掌声)
462
1051480
4000
(掌声)
Translated by Winter Wei
Reviewed by Yuanqing Edberg

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Simon Anholt - Policy advisor
After 20 years working with the presidents and prime ministers of 54 countries, Simon Anholt has a plan to make the world work better.

Why you should listen

For 20 years, Simon Anholt has worked with the presidents, prime ministers and governments of more than fifty nations, devising strategies and policies to help them to engage more imaginatively and productively with the international community. 

In 2014, impatient to do better, Anholt founded the Good Country, a project aimed at helping countries work together to tackle global challenges like climate change, poverty, migration and terrorism, by mobilizing "the only superpower left on the planet: global public opinion."

According to The Independent, Anholt's aim is to change the way countries, cities and companies work "...by us all encouraging their leaders to think about the global impact of their actions, rather than cut-throat self-interest."

Measurement of Good Country progress is done through Anholt's Good Country Index, the only survey to rank countries according to their contribution to humanity and the planet rather than their domestic performance. According to The Guardian, "He has built his career in part as a formidable cruncher of data." Since 2005, his research into global perceptions of nations and cities has collected and analyzed over 300 billion data points. 

In 2016, Anholt launched the Global Vote, a project that enables anybody in the world to vote in other countries' elections, choosing the candidate who is likely to do most for humanity and the planet: three months later over 100,000 people from 130 countries took part in the Global Vote on the US Presidential Election. The Global Vote now covers an election somewhere in the world almost every month.

Anholt is an Honorary Professor of Political Science and the author of five books about countries, cultures and globalisation. He is the founder and Editor Emeritus of a leading academic journal focused on public diplomacy and perceptions of places.

 

More profile about the speaker
Simon Anholt | Speaker | TED.com