TED2017
Wanuri Kahiu: Fun, fierce and fantastical African art
Wanuri Kahiu: 有趣，勇敢并美妙的非洲艺术
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TED成员 Wanuri Kahiu 如是说：我们太习惯听到关于非洲战争、贫困、毁坏的叙述，有趣的事物在哪里？她介绍了”非洲泡泡糖“艺术——充满活力、轻松愉快、没有政治议程的非洲艺术。让我们随着 Kahiu 解释为什么我们需要能够捕捉全面人类体验的艺术来讲述非洲，重新思考一切不严肃事物的价值。
Wanuri Kahiu - Filmmaker, writer
Wanuri Kahiu wants to curate, commission and create art that celebrates fun, fierce and frivolous Africa. Full bio
Wanuri Kahiu wants to curate, commission and create art that celebrates fun, fierce and frivolous Africa. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
So, my mother's a pediatrician,
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我妈妈是儿科医生，
00:15
and when I was young,
she'd tell the craziest stories
she'd tell the craziest stories
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我小时候，她会说非常疯狂的故事，
结合了科学和她过度活跃的想像力。
00:19
that combined science
with her overactive imagination.
with her overactive imagination.
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00:23
One of the stories she told
was that if you eat a lot of salt,
was that if you eat a lot of salt,
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其中一个故事是如果你吃很多盐，
00:27
all of the blood rushes up your legs,
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所有的血液会从你的脚向上冲，
通过你的身体，
00:31
through your body,
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从你的头顶喷出，
00:32
and shoots out the top of your head,
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让你立即死亡。
00:34
killing you instantly.
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（笑声）
00:36
(Laughter)
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她称之为「高血压」。
00:37
She called it "high blood pressure."
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（笑声）
00:39
(Laughter)
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这是我对科幻小说的初体验，
00:41
This was my first experience
with science fiction,
with science fiction,
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我很喜欢。
00:44
and I loved it.
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00:45
So when I started to write
my own science fiction and fantasy,
my own science fiction and fantasy,
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所以当我开始自己写科幻及奇幻小说时，
00:49
I was surprised that it
was considered un-African.
was considered un-African.
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令我意外的是它们被
认为是「不非洲的」。
认为是「不非洲的」。
00:52
So naturally, I asked, what is African?
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很自然的，我会问，
什么才算非洲的？
什么才算非洲的？
00:54
And this is what I know so far:
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目前我所知道的如下：
00:57
Africa is important.
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非洲是重要的。
01:00
Africa is the future.
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非洲是未来。
01:01
It is, though.
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不过，它的确是。
01:03
And Africa is a serious place
where only serious things happen.
where only serious things happen.
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非洲是个严肃的地方，而且
只有严肃的事都会在那里发生。
只有严肃的事都会在那里发生。
01:07
So when I present my work somewhere,
someone will always ask,
someone will always ask,
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所以当我在某些地方展示
我的作品，总会有人问：
我的作品，总会有人问：
“它为什么重要？
01:12
"What's so important about it?
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它如何处理现实的非洲问题，
01:14
How does it deal with real African issues
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如战争、贫穷、毁坏、或艾滋病？
01:17
like war, poverty, devastation or AIDS?"
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而我的作品不涉及这些。
01:22
And it doesn't.
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01:24
My work is about Nairobi pop bands
that want to go to space
that want to go to space
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我的作品内容是关于
奈洛比流行乐团想要上太空，
奈洛比流行乐团想要上太空，
01:29
or about seven-foot-tall robots
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或是关于七英尺高的机器人
陷入爱河。
01:32
that fall in love.
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01:34
It's nothing incredibly important.
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它不是什么特别重要的东西。
01:37
It's just fun, fierce and frivolous,
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它就是好玩、激烈、轻浮的，
像泡泡糖一样的轻浮…
01:41
as frivolous as bubble gum --
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「非洲泡泡糖」。
01:43
"AfroBubbleGum."
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01:46
So I'm not saying that
agenda art isn't important;
agenda art isn't important;
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我并不是说关于重大问题的艺术不重要；
01:49
I'm the chairperson of a charity
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我是一个慈善机构的主席，
负责关于艾滋病毒和激进化的电影和剧院
01:52
that deals with films and theaters
that write about HIV and radicalization
that write about HIV and radicalization
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以及女性外生殖器割礼。
01:58
and female genital mutilation.
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这是很必要且重要的艺术，
02:01
It's vital and important art,
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但它不能是唯一从这个大洲出来的艺术。
02:03
but it cannot be the only art
that comes out of the continent.
that comes out of the continent.
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02:08
We have to tell more stories
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我们得要说更多的故事，
02:10
that are vibrant.
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充满生气的故事。
02:13
The danger of the single story
is still being realized.
is still being realized.
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单一化的危险逐渐被意识到，
02:18
And maybe it's because of the funding.
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也许是资金原因，
02:19
A lot of art is still dependent
on developmental aid.
on developmental aid.
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许多艺术还依赖发展援助。
所以艺术成为议程工具。
02:23
So art becomes a tool for agenda.
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02:27
Or maybe it's because we've only seen
one image of ourselves for so long
one image of ourselves for so long
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也可能是因为我们长久以来
都只看见我们自己的一个形象，
都只看见我们自己的一个形象，
02:32
that that's all we know how to create.
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以致于我们只会创造这样的形象。
不论是什么理由，
我们都需要新方法。
我们都需要新方法。
02:34
Whatever the reason, we need a new way,
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而非洲泡泡糖是一种方式。
02:38
and AfroBubbleGum is one approach.
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02:40
It's the advocacy of art for art's sake.
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它是为了艺术而做的艺术拥护。
02:44
It's the advocacy of art
that is not policy-driven
that is not policy-driven
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它是不由政治驱使的艺术拥护，
02:47
or agenda-driven
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不由议程驱使，
也不以教育为基础，
02:49
or based on education,
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单纯就是为了想像而做：
02:51
just for the sake of imagination:
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非洲泡泡糖艺术。
02:54
AfroBubbleGum art.
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02:56
And we can't all be AfroBubbleGumists.
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我们不能全都当非洲泡泡糖艺术家。
02:59
We have to judge our work
for its potential poverty porn pitfalls.
for its potential poverty porn pitfalls.
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我们得要判断我们的作品
会陷入贫困色情的可能性。
会陷入贫困色情的可能性。
我们得要有类似
贝克德尔测验的测验，
贝克德尔测验的测验，
03:03
We have to have tests
that are similar to the Bechdel test,
that are similar to the Bechdel test,
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03:09
and ask questions like:
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问类似这样的问题：
03:11
Are two or more Africans
in this piece of fiction healthy?
in this piece of fiction healthy?
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这部小说中，有两个以上的
非洲人是健康的吗？
非洲人是健康的吗？
03:17
Are those same Africans financially stable
and not in need of saving?
and not in need of saving?
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这些健康的非洲人，在财务上
也很稳定且不需要救助吗？
也很稳定且不需要救助吗？
03:23
Are they having fun and enjoying life?
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他们过得开心、能享受人生吗？
03:26
And if we can answer yes
to two or more of these questions,
to two or more of these questions,
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如果这类问题有两个以上
的答案都是肯定的，
的答案都是肯定的，
我们就是非洲泡泡糖艺术家
03:29
then surely we're AfroBubbleGumists.
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03:32
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
03:33
(Applause)
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（掌声）
乐趣是政治的，
03:38
And fun is political,
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03:40
because imagine if we have
images of Africans who were vibrant
images of Africans who were vibrant
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因为，想像一下，如果我们的
非洲人形象是充满生气、
非洲人形象是充满生气、
03:44
and loving and thriving
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充满爱心、茁壮成长，
过着美好、充满活力的生活。
03:46
and living a beautiful, vibrant life.
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那么我们会如何看待我们自己？
03:49
What would we think of ourselves then?
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也许我们会觉得我们值得更多快乐？
03:51
Would we think that maybe
we're worthy of more happiness?
we're worthy of more happiness?
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03:54
Would we think of our shared humanity
through our shared joy?
through our shared joy?
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我们会透过我们共同的喜悦
来思考我们共同的人性吗？
来思考我们共同的人性吗？
03:59
I think of these things when I create.
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当我创作时，我会想这些事。
04:01
I think of the people and the places
that give me immeasurable joy,
that give me immeasurable joy,
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我会想着给我无限喜悦
的人们以及地方，
的人们以及地方，
04:05
and I work to represent them.
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我会努力来代表他们。
那就是为什么我写的故事是关于
04:07
And that's why I write stories
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未来女孩愿赌上一切去拯救植物，
04:08
about futuristic girls that risk
everything to save plants
everything to save plants
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或是去和骆驼赛跑，
04:13
or to race camels
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或甚至只是跳舞。
04:15
or even just to dance,
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向乐趣致敬，
04:18
to honor fun,
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因为我的世界大部份是快乐的。
04:19
because my world is mostly happy.
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我知道在目前这个分裂的世界里，快乐是项特权，
04:21
And I know happiness is a privilege
in this current splintered world
in this current splintered world
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在这个世界，
需要勤勉才能保持希望。
需要勤勉才能保持希望。
04:25
where remaining hopeful
requires diligence.
requires diligence.
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04:31
But maybe, if you join me
in creating, curating and commissioning
in creating, curating and commissioning
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但也许，如果你们能加入我，
创作、策划、实现
创作、策划、实现
04:36
more AfroBubbleGum art,
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更多非洲泡泡糖艺术，
也许会有希望达成
一个不同的世界观，
一个不同的世界观，
04:38
there might be hope
for a different view of the world,
for a different view of the world,
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一个快乐的非洲观，
04:41
a happy Africa view
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那里孩童因为母亲的黑色幽默
04:43
where children are strangely traumatized
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而受到奇特的心理创伤，
04:45
by their mother's dark sense of humor,
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（笑声）
04:47
(Laughter)
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但同时，他们也索求好玩、激烈、轻浮的艺术，
04:48
but also they're claiming fun,
fierce and frivolous art
fierce and frivolous art
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以所有不严肃的非洲事物之名。
04:53
in the name of all things
unseriously African.
unseriously African.
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04:58
Because we're AfroBubbleGumists
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因为我们是非洲泡泡糖艺术家，
05:00
and there's so many more of us
than you can imagine.
than you can imagine.
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我们的人数超过你们的想像。
05:04
Thank you so much.
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非常感谢。
05:05
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Wanuri Kahiu - Filmmaker, writerWanuri Kahiu wants to curate, commission and create art that celebrates fun, fierce and frivolous Africa.
Why you should listen
Born in Nairobi, TED Fellow Wanuri Kahiu is part of the new generation of African filmmakers. Her films have received international acclaim and have been screened in more than 100 film festivals around the world. To date, Kahiu has written and directed six films and is working on her second feature length film.
Kahiu's first feature film, From a Whisper, based on the real events surrounding the 1998 twin bombings of US Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, won Best Narrative Feature in 2010 at the Pan African Film Festival in Los Angeles as well as five awards at the African Movie Academy Award, including Best Director and Best Screenplay.
In 2009 Wanuri produced TV documentary For Our Land about Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Professor Wangari Maathai for MNET, a pan-African cable station. In 2010, her short science fiction Pumzi premiered at Sundance and went on to win best short film at Cannes and the silver at Carthage Film Festival in Tunisia. Pumzi also earned Kahiu the Citta di Venezia 2010 award in Venice, Italy. She is currently in post production on her second feature film, Rafiki, as well as a feature length documentary Ger about UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador Ger Duany.
Wanuri Kahiu | Speaker | TED.com