ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robert Thurman - Buddhist scholar
The first American to be ordained a Tibetan Monk by the Dalai Lama, Robert A.F. Thurman is a scholar, author and tireless proponent of peace.

Why you should listen

Tenzin Robert Thurman became a Tibetan monk at age 24. He's a professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist studies at Columbia University, and co-founder of Tibet House US, a nonprofit dedicated to the preservation and promotion of Tibetan civilization.

Thurman's focus is on the balance between inner insight and cultural harmony. In interpreting the teachings of Buddha, he argues that happiness can be reliable and satisfying in an enduring way without depriving others.

He has translated many Buddhist Sutras, or teachings, and written many books, recently taking on the topic of Anger for the recent Oxford series on the seven deadly sins. He maintains a podcast on Buddhist topics. And yes, he is Uma's dad.

More profile about the speaker
Robert Thurman | Speaker | TED.com
TEDSalon 2006

Robert Thurman: We can be Buddhas

Bob Thurman說:人人皆可成佛

Filmed:
2,047,266 views

在高速網路架構的世界上,我們隨時隨地在接收資訊。佛教學者Bob Thurman認為,這種巨大的啟蒙,正是我們邁向佛性的第一步。
- Buddhist scholar
The first American to be ordained a Tibetan Monk by the Dalai Lama, Robert A.F. Thurman is a scholar, author and tireless proponent of peace. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:31
Thank you.
0
6000
4000
謝謝。
00:35
And I feel like this whole整個 evening晚間 has been very amazing驚人 to me.
1
10000
4000
今晚我一直都覺得殊勝愉悅。
00:39
I feel it's sort分類 of like the Vimalakirti維摩 Sutra佛經,
2
14000
4000
我想起《維摩詰經》(Vimalakirti Sutra)的經文,
00:43
an ancient work from ancient India印度
3
18000
3000
這部經書是古印度的作品,
00:46
in which哪一個 the Buddha appears出現 at the beginning開始 and a whole整個 bunch of people
4
21000
6000
開頭述說佛陀路經一座名為Vaisali的大城,
00:52
come to see him from the biggest最大 city in the area, Vaishali費沙,
5
27000
4000
許多人趕來瞻仰他,
00:56
and they bring帶來 some sort分類 of jeweled珠光寶氣 parasols遮陽傘 to make an offering to him.
6
31000
4000
並帶來了鑲著寶石的華麗陽傘要供養他。
01:00
All the young年輕 people, actually其實, from the city.
7
35000
3000
城裡所有的年輕人都來了,
01:03
The old fogeysfogeys don't come because they're mad at Buddha,
8
38000
5000
但是年長的人卻沒來,因為他們對佛陀產生了憎恨之心。
01:08
because when he came來了 to their city he accepted公認 --
9
43000
2000
佛陀每到一個地方,
01:10
he always accepts接受 the first invitation請帖 that comes to him, from whoever it is,
10
45000
4000
都接受第一個人的供養,不問階級,
01:14
and the local本地 geisha藝妓, a movie-star影星 sort分類 of person,
11
49000
4000
而這裡第一個邀請他的人是位「藝妓」,大約是像電影明星的人吧!
01:18
raced賽跑 the elders長老 of the city in a chariot and invited邀請 him first.
12
53000
3000
他的座車超越了城裡的長者,捷足先登請佛陀接受供養。
01:21
So he was hanging out with the movie電影 star, and of course課程 they were grumbling牢騷:
13
56000
4000
於是佛陀便到這位明星的家裡去,而鄉紳們開始發起了牢騷。
01:25
"He's supposed應該 to be religious宗教 and all this.
14
60000
2000
「還以為佛陀有多清淨呢!
01:27
What's he doing over there at Amrapali'sAmrapali的 house with all his 500 monks和尚,"
15
62000
5000
居然帶著五百人的僧團到Amrpali這樣的人家裡去。」
01:32
and so on. They were all grumbling牢騷, and so they boycotted抵制 him.
16
67000
4000
抱怨聲此起彼落,接著他們聯合起來抵制佛陀,
01:36
They wouldn't不會 go listen to him.
17
71000
1000
拒絕聆聽佛陀講經說法。
01:37
But the young年輕 people all came來了.
18
72000
2000
但是年輕人都來參加了,
01:39
And they brought this kind of a jeweled珠光寶氣 parasol陽傘, and they put it on the ground地面.
19
74000
4000
帶著華麗的寶傘,供在地上向佛陀致意。
01:43
And as soon不久 as they had laid鋪設 all these,
20
78000
2000
就在此時,
01:45
all their big stack of these jeweled珠光寶氣 parasols遮陽傘 that they used to carry攜帶 in ancient India印度,
21
80000
5000
對古印度人來說再尋常不過的,地上成堆的寶石陽傘,
01:50
he performed執行 a kind of special特別 effect影響 which哪一個 made製作 it into a giant巨人 planetarium天文館,
22
85000
7000
被佛陀的神通力變成了巨大的星象儀,
01:57
the wonder奇蹟 of the universe宇宙. Everyone大家 looked看著 in that, and they saw in there
23
92000
3000
浩瀚神妙的宇宙呈現在眾人眼前。一眼望去,
02:00
the total interconnectedness互聯 of all life in all universes宇宙.
24
95000
4000
世上眾生彼此都緊密相連,這個世界和其他眾多的世界也都連結在一起。
02:04
And of course課程, in the Buddhist佛教徒 cosmos宇宙 there are millions百萬 and billions數十億 of planets行星
25
99000
4000
佛陀的宇宙觀認為,像地球一樣有人類生存的星球
02:08
with human人的 life on it,
26
103000
2000
多不勝數,
02:10
and enlightened開明 beings眾生 can see the life on all the other planets行星.
27
105000
3000
參透真理,便有神通可以看見其他星球上的生命。
02:13
So they don't -- when they look out and they see those lights燈火 that you showed顯示
28
108000
3000
所以他們仰望星空時,
02:16
in the sky天空 -- they don't just see sort分類 of pieces of matter burning燃燒
29
111000
4000
不只看到宇宙的物質碎片、岩石、
02:20
or rocks岩石 or flames火焰 or gases氣體 exploding爆炸.
30
115000
4000
爆炸的火花及氣體,
02:24
They actually其實 see landscapes景觀 and human人的 beings眾生
31
119000
2000
更看見了星球上的風景、人類、
02:26
and gods and dragons小龍 and serpent beings眾生 and goddesses女神 and things like that.
32
121000
6000
神、龍、蛇,等等的。
02:32
He made製作 that special特別 effect影響 at the beginning開始
33
127000
2000
他展現的神通讓聽眾開始思考
02:34
to get everyone大家 to think about interconnection互連
34
129000
3000
「生命共同體」這件事,
02:37
and interconnectedness互聯 and how everything in life was totally完全 interconnected互聯.
35
132000
5000
世上的事、物、因緣,其實是環環相扣的。
02:42
And then Leilei磊磊 -- I know his other name名稱 -- told us about interconnection互連,
36
137000
8000
然後,Leilei-這是他(佛陀)的另一個名字-也告訴我們人類彼此的關係是很密切的,
02:50
and how we're all totally完全 interconnected互聯 here,
37
145000
3000
我們的命運緊緊相連,
02:53
and how we've我們已經 all known已知 each other. And of course課程 in the Buddhist佛教徒 universe宇宙,
38
148000
3000
為什麼我們會認識彼此。當然,在佛陀的宇宙裡,
02:56
we've我們已經 already已經 doneDONE this already已經 billions數十億 of times in many許多, many許多 lifetimes壽命 in the past過去.
39
151000
5000
我們已經討論過這個問題千百萬次,在無數個前世。
03:01
And I didn't give the talk always. You did, and we had to watch you, and so forth向前.
40
156000
9000
前世的我不常說這樣的話,但你說過,我們曾看著你發表演說…如此這般。
03:10
And we're all still trying to, I guess猜測 we're all trying to become成為 TEDstersTEDsters,
41
165000
4000
而現在我們仍然在嘗試,嗯,也許我們都想成為TED的傳教士,
03:14
if that's a modern現代 form形成 of enlightenment啟示.
42
169000
4000
如果TED算是一種新的啟蒙方式的話。
03:18
I guess猜測 so. Because in a way, if a TEDsterTEDster relates涉及 to all the interconnectedness互聯
43
173000
4000
我想是的。如果一位TED成員能將理念藉由互通的網路、電腦傳播出去,
03:22
of all the computers電腦 and everything, it's the forging鍛造 of a mass awareness意識,
44
177000
6000
大眾的知識就會形成,
03:28
of where everybody每個人 can really know everything
45
183000
2000
而世界上的人就會知道在何時何地
03:30
that's going on everywhere到處 in the planet行星.
46
185000
2000
有什麼事情正在發生。
03:32
And therefore因此 it will become成為 intolerable無法忍受 --
47
187000
2000
然後令人不能忍受的是-
03:34
what compassion同情 is, is where it will become成為 intolerable無法忍受 for us,
48
189000
4000
什麼是慈悲?慈悲就是我們完全無法忍受這樣的事:
03:38
totally完全 intolerable無法忍受 that we sit here in comfort安慰 and in pleasure樂趣 and enjoying享受
49
193000
6000
我們坐在這裡,非常舒服,享受人生,
03:44
the life of the mind心神 or whatever隨你 it is,
50
199000
2000
愉快地思考,
03:46
and there are people who are absolutely絕對 riddled百病 with disease疾病
51
201000
5000
卻還有很多人必須和疾病奮鬥,
03:51
and they cannot不能 have a bite of food餐飲 and they have no place地點,
52
206000
3000
沒有食物可吃,沒有地方可住,
03:54
or they're being存在 brutalized摧殘 by some terrible可怕 person and so forth向前.
53
209000
3000
或者被暴虐的人折磨凌遲…。
03:57
It just becomes intolerable無法忍受.
54
212000
2000
這是我們所無法忍受的。
03:59
With all of us knowing會心 everything, we're kind of forced被迫 by technology技術
55
214000
6000
我們都知道這些事,因為進步的科技驅策我們,
04:05
to become成為 Buddhas or something, to become成為 enlightened開明.
56
220000
4000
使得我們可以像佛陀、聖賢一樣知天下事,像他們一樣大徹大悟。
04:09
And of course課程, we all will be deeply disappointed失望 when we do.
57
224000
6000
我們知道這些事的時候一定會很沮喪。
04:15
Because we think that because we are kind of tired of what we do,
58
230000
7000
因為我們總是想著,我們做的事情已經夠累人了,
04:22
a little bit tired, we do suffer遭受.
59
237000
2000
我們自己也在受苦啊。
04:24
We do enjoy請享用 our misery苦難 in a certain某些 way.
60
239000
3000
這麼說的話我們就是在「享受」我們的不幸了。
04:27
We distract轉移 ourselves我們自己 from our misery苦難 by running賽跑 around somewhere某處,
61
242000
3000
我們為了驅除內心的痛苦,一直往外跑,到很多地方去,
04:30
but basically基本上 we all have this common共同 misery苦難
62
245000
2000
但是其實我們每個人都有同樣的不幸,
04:32
that we are sort分類 of stuck卡住 inside our skins
63
247000
3000
那就是都把自己困在身體裡,
04:35
and everyone大家 else其他 is out there.
64
250000
3000
把他人關在外面。
04:38
And occasionally偶爾 we get together一起 with another另一個 person stuck卡住 in their skin皮膚
65
253000
3000
有時我們遇見了別人,一樣把自我封閉起來的人,
04:41
and the two of us enjoy請享用 each other, and each one tries嘗試 to get out of their own擁有,
66
256000
5000
兩個人都在享受自我的世界。然後我們想跳出自己的小宇宙
04:46
and ultimately最終 it fails失敗 of course課程, and then we're back into this thing.
67
261000
4000
而終究沒有成功,結果就又回到一樣的循環去。
04:50
Because our egocentric自我中心 perception知覺 -- from the Buddha's point of view視圖, misperception誤解 --
68
265000
6000
我們自我中心的想法-佛陀認為是一種錯誤的觀念-
04:56
is that all we are is what is inside our skin皮膚.
69
271000
4000
認為自我就是該阻隔外在而在身體裡面的。
05:00
And it's inside and outside, self and other,
70
275000
3000
我們區分內在跟外在,自己跟他人,
05:03
and other is all very different不同.
71
278000
1000
每個他人又都是不一樣的。
05:04
And everyone大家 here is unfortunately不幸 carrying攜帶 that habitual慣常的 perception知覺,
72
279000
3000
至於所謂的其他人,每個人也都抱持同樣的想法,
05:07
a little bit, right?
73
282000
3000
多少都有吧?
05:10
You know, someone有人 sitting坐在 next下一個 to you in a seat座位 -- that's OK because you're in a theater劇院,
74
285000
3000
好比說,有時候有人會坐在你旁邊,在電影院裡的時候還沒關係,
05:13
but if you were sitting坐在 on a park公園 bench長凳 and someone有人 came來了 up and satSAT that close to you,
75
288000
3000
可是如果你在公園裡,有不認識的人跟你共坐一張長凳,
05:16
you'd freak怪物 out.
76
291000
2000
你應該會嚇壞了吧。
05:18
What do they want from me? Like, who's誰是 that?
77
293000
3000
這人到底想幹嘛?他是誰?
05:21
And so you wouldn't不會 sit that close to another另一個 person
78
296000
3000
然後,要是你,你也不會和別人坐得太近,
05:24
because of your notion概念 that it's you versus the universe宇宙 -- that's all Buddha discovered發現.
79
299000
6000
因為我們先入為主的觀念就是「我」對抗「宇宙」。這些就是佛陀發現的問題。
05:30
Because that cosmic宇宙的 basic基本 idea理念 that it is us all alone單獨, each of us,
80
305000
5000
我們的宇宙觀認為我們每個人都是孤孤單單的,
05:35
and everyone大家 else其他 is different不同,
81
310000
3000
人與人之間也都不一樣,
05:38
then that puts看跌期權 us in an impossible不可能 situation情況, doesn't it?
82
313000
3000
這種想法把我們逼進死巷裡去了,不是嗎?
05:41
Who is it who's誰是 going to get enough足夠 attention注意 from the world世界?
83
316000
3000
誰才能脫穎而出成為焦點?
05:44
Who's誰是 going to get enough足夠 out of the world世界?
84
319000
3000
誰能夠在世界上得到滿足?
05:47
Who's誰是 not going to be overrun氾濫 by an infinite無窮 number of other beings眾生 --
85
322000
3000
如果每個人都應該跟別人不一樣的話,我們都在背負數十億人給予的沉重壓力,
05:50
if you're different不同 from all the other beings眾生?
86
325000
3000
誰能夠逃離這種無形的壓力?
05:53
So where compassion同情 comes is where you
87
328000
4000
這時候慈悲的心就出現了,
05:57
surprisingly出奇 discover發現 you lose失去 yourself你自己 in some way:
88
332000
5000
在你驚訝地發現自己迷失了的時候;
06:02
through通過 art藝術, through通過 meditation冥想, through通過 understanding理解, through通過 knowledge知識 actually其實,
89
337000
5000
透過藝術、沉思、了解、知識,
06:07
knowing會心 that you have no such這樣 boundary邊界,
90
342000
2000
你會發現其實自我沒有界線,
06:09
knowing會心 your interconnectedness互聯 with other beings眾生.
91
344000
3000
我們和世上的眾生緊密相連在一起。
06:12
You can experience經驗 yourself你自己 as the other beings眾生
92
347000
3000
我們可以體驗其它的生命,
06:15
when you see through通過 the delusion妄想 of being存在 separated分離 from them.
93
350000
5000
只要我們放下「自我」跟「他人」的偏差觀念,
06:20
When you do that, you're forced被迫 to feel what they feel.
94
355000
3000
並感受他們的感受。
06:23
Luckily, they say -- I still am not sure --
95
358000
4000
這樣是很幸運沒錯,不過卻有人說-我還不太確定-
06:27
but luckily, they say that when you reach達到 that point because some people have said
96
362000
4000
幸運歸幸運,他們說如果有人達到這樣的境界,
06:31
in the Buddhist佛教徒 literature文學, they say, "Oh who would really want to be compassionate富於同情心的?
97
366000
3000
聽從了佛經的教誨,他們會說,噢,真的有人想變成慈悲的人嗎?
06:34
How awful可怕! I'm so miserable on my own擁有. My head is aching疼痛.
98
369000
5000
太可怕了!我自己的生活就已經很悲慘了。我頭痛,
06:39
My bones骨頭 are aching疼痛. I go from birth分娩 to death死亡. I'm never satisfied滿意.
99
374000
3000
骨頭痛,我必須經歷生老病死。我從未感到滿足。
06:42
I never have enough足夠, even if I'm a billionaire億萬富翁, I don't have enough足夠.
100
377000
3000
擁有的總是不夠,就算我成為百億富翁還是覺得錢不夠,
06:45
I need a hundred billion十億." So I'm like that.
101
380000
3000
我要一千億才夠。我就是這樣的。
06:48
Imagine想像 if I had to feel even a hundred other people's人們 suffering痛苦.
102
383000
6000
如果我還必須感受其他人的痛苦,
06:54
It would be terrible可怕.
103
389000
2000
那真是太可怕了。
06:56
But apparently顯然地, this is a strange奇怪 paradox悖論 of life.
104
391000
3000
不過這正是生命的弔詭之處。
06:59
When you're no longer locked鎖定 in yourself你自己,
105
394000
4000
當我們不再禁錮自我的時候,
07:03
and as the wisdom智慧 or the intelligence情報 or the scientific科學 knowledge知識
106
398000
3000
一切智慧、知識就能進來,
07:06
of the nature性質 of the world世界, that enables使 you to let your mind心神 spread傳播 out,
107
401000
8000
讓我們認識世界的法則,我們的心胸就會開闊,
07:14
and empathize同情, and enhance提高 the basic基本 human人的 ability能力 of empathizing移情,
108
409000
4000
讓我們能夠找回純潔的本性,能憐憫他人,
07:18
and realizing實現 that you are the other being存在,
109
413000
3000
知道我們就是其他的生命。
07:21
somehow不知何故 by that opening開盤, you can see the deeper更深 nature性質 of life. And you can,
110
416000
6000
然後我們就能看清生命的深層意義,
07:27
you get away from this terrible可怕 iron circle of I, me, me, mine,
111
422000
8000
解脫自我的枷鎖,不再以「我」為中心,
07:35
like the Beatles披頭士樂隊 used to sing.
112
430000
2000
就像披頭四唱的那樣。
07:37
You know, we really learned學到了 everything in the '60s.
113
432000
2000
其實啊,我們在六零年代就學完所有事情了。
07:39
Too bad nobody沒有人 ever woke醒來 up to it,
114
434000
4000
可惜的是沒有人發現,
07:43
and they've他們已經 been trying to suppress壓制 it since以來 then.
115
438000
2000
還一直拼命想要超越那個年代。
07:45
I, me, me, mine. It's like a perfect完善 song歌曲, that song歌曲. A perfect完善 teaching教學.
116
440000
5000
我,我,我,還是我。這是多麼完美的吟詠,多麼完美的教誨。
07:50
But when we're relieved安心 from that,
117
445000
3000
然而如果我們能夠超越的話,
07:53
we somehow不知何故 then become成為 interested有興趣 in all the other beings眾生.
118
448000
2000
我們會為世上的其他生命吸引,
07:55
And we feel ourselves我們自己 differently不同. It's totally完全 strange奇怪.
119
450000
4000
對自己的看法也會大大改觀。這很奇怪,
07:59
It's totally完全 strange奇怪.
120
454000
2000
非常奇怪。
08:01
The Dalai達賴 Lama喇嘛 always likes喜歡 to say --
121
456000
3000
達賴喇嘛總喜歡說,
08:04
he says that when you give birth分娩 in your mind心神 to the idea理念 of compassion同情,
122
459000
5000
一個人想到要發憐憫之心,
08:09
it's because you realize實現 that you yourself你自己 and your pains辛勞 and pleasures樂趣
123
464000
4000
是因為他覺得自己的存在、痛苦和快樂已經變得微不足道,
08:13
are finally最後 too small a theater劇院 for your intelligence情報.
124
468000
4000
不值得多花心思了。
08:17
It's really too boring無聊 whether是否 you feel like this or like that, or what, you know --
125
472000
5000
探究自己的感受到底如何只會越想越無趣,
08:22
and the more you focus焦點 on how you feel, by the way, the worse更差 it gets得到.
126
477000
6000
而且越這樣追根究柢,事情就會變得越糟。
08:28
Like, even when you're having a good time,
127
483000
2000
比如說,連我們覺得很快樂的時候,都還要再去想
08:30
when is the good time over?
128
485000
2000
「這麼快樂的時光什麼時候會結束?」
08:32
The good time is over when you think, how good is it?
129
487000
4000
當我們開始探究快樂時光到底有多快樂的時候,快樂時光就結束了。
08:36
And then it's never good enough足夠.
130
491000
3000
所謂的快樂時光永遠不夠快樂。
08:39
I love that Leilei磊磊 said that the way of helping幫助 those who are suffering痛苦 badly
131
494000
5000
我喜歡Leilei 說的,幫助受困在「自我」
08:44
on the physical物理 plane平面 or on other planes飛機 is having a good time,
132
499000
5000
及其他執念的人解脫的方法,就是享受人生。
08:49
doing it by having a good time.
133
504000
2000
我們幫助他們,也是在享受人生。
08:51
I think the Dalai達賴 Lama喇嘛 should have heard聽說 that. I wish希望 he'd他會 been there to hear that.
134
506000
3000
我想達賴喇嘛一定聽過,我希望他是在佛前聽過的。
08:54
He once一旦 told me -- he looked看著 kind of sad傷心;
135
509000
2000
他曾經跟我說過-帶點哀傷地說,
08:56
he worries very much about the haves富人 and have-nots無產者.
136
511000
2000
他很擔心世界上那些已經擁有一切、跟一無所有的人。
08:58
He looked看著 a little sad傷心, because he said, well, a hundred years年份 ago,
137
513000
4000
他的面容哀戚,因為他說一百年前,
09:02
they went and took everything away from the haves富人.
138
517000
3000
一無所有的人把富足的人搶得一點不剩。
09:05
You know, the big communist共產 revolutions革命, Russia俄國 and China中國 and so forth向前.
139
520000
3000
好比說俄羅斯跟中國的共產主義革命。
09:08
They took it all away by violence暴力,
140
523000
2000
他們訴諸暴力搶奪,
09:10
saying they were going to give it to everyone大家, and then they were even worse更差.
141
525000
4000
宣稱會把搶來的東西分給每一個人,但是他們卻更為腐化,
09:14
They didn't help at all.
142
529000
2000
根本沒有貢獻。
09:16
So what could possibly或者 change更改 this terrible可怕 gap間隙 that has opened打開 up in the world世界 today今天?
143
531000
6000
所以我們現在要怎麼弭平這麼深遠的鴻溝呢?
09:22
And so then he looks容貌 at me.
144
537000
2000
他看著我。
09:24
So I said, "Well, you know, you're all in this yourself你自己. You teach: it's generosity慷慨,"
145
539000
5000
我說:「我覺得你陷得太深了。我只想到你平常教我們
09:29
was all I could think of. What is virtue美德?
146
544000
3000
要有慷慨的心。我們說的良心-
09:32
But of course課程, what you said, I think the key to saving保存 the world世界, the key to compassion同情
147
547000
6000
拯救世界的關鍵,也是發慈悲心的關鍵,
09:38
is that it is more fun開玩笑.
148
553000
4000
是要歡喜去做。
09:42
It should be doneDONE by fun開玩笑. Generosity慷慨 is more fun開玩笑. That's the key.
149
557000
5000
去做這些事的時候應該是高興的。慷慨的心讓人覺得快樂。這才是重點。
09:47
Everybody每個人 has the wrong錯誤 idea理念. They think Buddha was so boring無聊,
150
562000
4000
可是大家都搞錯了。他們覺得佛陀很無趣,
09:51
and they're so surprised詫異 when they meet遇到 Dalai達賴 Lama喇嘛 and he's fairly相當 jolly歡樂.
151
566000
4000
然而當他們接觸達賴喇嘛的時候,他們很驚訝於他的隨和歡喜。
09:55
Even though雖然 his people are being存在 genocidedgenocided --
152
570000
2000
即使他的族人正遭遇種族屠殺-
09:57
and believe me, he feels感覺 every一切 blow打擊 on every一切 old nun's修女 head,
153
572000
5000
相信我,他對於每一座中國監獄裡
10:02
in every一切 Chinese中文 prison監獄. He feels感覺 it.
154
577000
3000
僧侶頭上挨的每一擊都感同身受。真的。
10:05
He feels感覺 the way they are harvesting收穫 yaks犛牛 nowadays如今.
155
580000
3000
對於人們濫捕珍貴的犛牛也是一樣,
10:08
I won't慣於 even say what they do. But he feels感覺 it.
156
583000
4000
濫殺者的行為令人不忍卒聽,他也能夠感受到。
10:12
And yet然而 he's very jolly歡樂. He's extremely非常 jolly歡樂.
157
587000
4000
但他還是很歡喜,非常歡喜。
10:16
Because when you open打開 up like that,
158
591000
3000
因為我們的心胸開闊的時候,
10:19
then you can't just -- what good does it do to add being存在 miserable with others'其他' misery苦難?
159
594000
6000
我們就不會沉溺於悲傷-把悲傷的人弄得更難過有什麼好處?
10:25
You have to find some vision視力 where you see how hopeful有希望 it is,
160
600000
3000
看事情的角度應該要調整得積極一點,
10:28
how it can be changed.
161
603000
2000
去想能怎麼把它變得更好。
10:30
Look at that beautiful美麗 thing Chiho齊合 showed顯示 us. She scared害怕 us with the lava岩漿 man.
162
605000
4000
看看日本藝術家青島千穗展示給我們的美麗圖畫,她畫了一個很可怕的岩漿人,
10:34
She scared害怕 us with the lava岩漿 man is coming未來,
163
609000
3000
在她的畫裡,岩漿人要入侵了、
10:37
then the tsunami海嘯 is coming未來,
164
612000
2000
海嘯也要來了,
10:39
but then finally最後 there were flowers花卉 and trees樹木, and it was very beautiful美麗.
165
614000
6000
可是結局卻是鳥語花香,很美麗的世界。
10:45
It's really lovely可愛.
166
620000
2000
真的很美麗。
10:47
So, compassion同情 means手段 to feel the feelings情懷 of others其他,
167
622000
6000
所以,憐憫關懷意味著感人所感,
10:53
and the human人的 being存在 actually其實 is compassion同情.
168
628000
3000
每個人都該有惻隱之心,
10:56
The human人的 being存在 is almost幾乎 out of time.
169
631000
4000
不過這已經快過時了。
11:00
The human人的 being存在 is compassion同情 because what is our brain for?
170
635000
4000
惻隱之心人皆有之,那我們的大腦拿來做什麼?
11:04
Now, Jim's吉姆 brain is memorizing記憶 the almanac歷書.
171
639000
6000
博聞強記的人可以把一整本年鑑背起來,
11:10
But he could memorize記憶 all the needs需求 of all the beings眾生 that he is, he will, he did.
172
645000
5000
如果他也可以把所有眾生的需要記起來,他過去、現在、未來的生命;
11:15
He could memorize記憶 all kinds of fantastic奇妙 things to help many許多 beings眾生.
173
650000
5000
如果他也把各種幫助眾生的好方法記起來的話,
11:20
And he would have tremendous巨大 fun開玩笑 doing that.
174
655000
3000
他一定會更快樂。
11:23
So the first person who gets得到 happy快樂,
175
658000
2000
所以人要快樂的首要之務
11:25
when you stop focusing調焦 on the self-centered以自我為中心 situation情況 of, how happy快樂 am I,
176
660000
5000
就是不要再自我中心了,不要再去想自己到底快不快樂,
11:30
where you're always dissatisfied不滿意 --
177
665000
2000
這樣永遠不會滿足-
11:32
as Mick米克 Jagger told us. You never get any satisfaction滿意 that way.
178
667000
5000
就像Mick Jagger(滾石樂團主唱)說的,這樣永遠不能滿足。
11:37
So then you decide決定, "Well, I'm sick生病 of myself.
179
672000
2000
再來你會想,我受夠自己了!
11:39
I'm going to think of how other people can be happy快樂.
180
674000
3000
我要來想想如何讓別人快樂。
11:42
I'm going to get up in the morning早上 and think,
181
677000
1000
我要早起思索,
11:43
what can I do for even one other person, even a dog, my dog, my cat,
182
678000
4000
能為別人做什麼,就算只是一個人也好,就算是狗貓
11:47
my pet寵物, my butterfly蝴蝶?"
183
682000
3000
寵物蝴蝶的都好。
11:50
And the first person who gets得到 happy快樂 when you do that,
184
685000
2000
再者,得到快樂的人
11:52
you don't do anything for anybody任何人 else其他, but you get happier幸福, you yourself你自己,
185
687000
5000
不見得為別人做了什麼事,但就是變得歡喜了,自己感受到快樂,
11:57
because your whole整個 perception知覺 broadens變寬
186
692000
3000
因為思想觀念變寬闊了,
12:00
and you suddenly突然 see the whole整個 world世界 and all of the people in it.
187
695000
4000
就會突然看見整個世界還有所有的居民。
12:04
And you realize實現 that this -- being存在 with these people --
188
699000
2000
然後你便會了解,跟人們在一起,
12:06
is the flower garden花園 that Chiho齊合 showed顯示 us.
189
701000
2000
那種美好就如同青島千穗展示的花園一般。
12:08
It is Nirvana.
190
703000
2000
那就是涅槃,無憂無慮的快樂境界。
12:10
And my time is up. And I know the TEDTED commandments戒律.
191
705000
2000
我的時間到了,我也知道TED的規則,
12:12
Thank you.
192
707000
2000
謝謝大家。
Translated by Vicky Liao
Reviewed by Chih-Yuan Huang

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robert Thurman - Buddhist scholar
The first American to be ordained a Tibetan Monk by the Dalai Lama, Robert A.F. Thurman is a scholar, author and tireless proponent of peace.

Why you should listen

Tenzin Robert Thurman became a Tibetan monk at age 24. He's a professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist studies at Columbia University, and co-founder of Tibet House US, a nonprofit dedicated to the preservation and promotion of Tibetan civilization.

Thurman's focus is on the balance between inner insight and cultural harmony. In interpreting the teachings of Buddha, he argues that happiness can be reliable and satisfying in an enduring way without depriving others.

He has translated many Buddhist Sutras, or teachings, and written many books, recently taking on the topic of Anger for the recent Oxford series on the seven deadly sins. He maintains a podcast on Buddhist topics. And yes, he is Uma's dad.

More profile about the speaker
Robert Thurman | Speaker | TED.com