ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sinéad Burke - Writer, educator
Sinéad Burke amplifies voices and instigates curious conversations.

Why you should listen

Since her first days of elementary school, Sinéad Burke has understood the power of education to combat ignorance, to challenge the status quo and to give agency to the most vulnerable. She wanted to become a teacher -- one who ensured that children felt represented, listened to and safe in her classroom -- and she graduated at the top of her class, receiving the Vere Foster Medal from Marino Institute of Education.

Through writing, public speaking and social media, Burke highlights the lack of inclusivity within the fashion industry and encourages the industry to design for and with disabled people. She critiques the ways in which the media talks about and to women, offering an alternative conversation that celebrates the achievements of others with her "Extraordinary Women" interview series.

Burke has visited schools, workplaces, government agencies and the White House to facilitate honest conversations about education, disability, fashion and accessibility. She advocates for the inclusion of all and challenges officials to legislate with most marginalized in our communities.

Bure is currently undertaking a PhD in Trinity College, Dublin on human rights education that specifically comments on the ways in which schools allow children to have a voice. She values kindness, empathy and volunteerism, and she is an ambassador for the Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children and the Irish Girl Guides.

More profile about the speaker
Sinéad Burke | Speaker | TED.com
TEDNYC

Sinéad Burke: Why design should include everyone

Sinead Burke: 點解設計係每個人嘅事?

Filmed:
1,435,325 views

Sinead Burke 敏銳地察覺到我哋好多人基本上睇唔到嘅細節。對於身高 105 公分(或 3 呎 5 吋)嘅佢嚟講,被設計嘅世界——從門鍞嘅高度到提供鞋尺碼範圍——往往抑制住佢自主能力。佢係今次嘅講堂上會講一名矮個子闖蕩世界究竟係點樣嘅體驗畀我哋聽,並問道:「我咃設計究竟冇考慮到邊個呢?」
- Writer, educator
Sinéad Burke amplifies voices and instigates curious conversations. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I want to give you a new新增功能 perspective視角.
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我想帶畀你哋一個新嘅視野
00:16
That sounds聽上去 grandiose宏偉, and it is.
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聽起來好壯觀,佢的確係
00:19
I left Ireland愛爾蘭 yesterday琴日 morning早上.
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我勤日上晝離開愛爾蘭
00:21
I traveled旅行 from Dublin都柏林 to New新增功能 York約克
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從都柏林飛到紐約
00:24
independently獨立.
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自己一個人
00:26
But the design設計 of an airport機場,
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但係個飛機場
00:28
plane飛機 and terminal終端
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飛機同機場侯機樓嘅設計
00:30
offers提供 little independence獨立 when
you're 105 and a half一半 centimeters厘米 tall.
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為身高只有 105.5 厘米嘅人
提供好少嘅獨立空間
00:35
For Americans美國人, that's 3' 5".
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對美國人嚟講,即係3英尺5英寸
00:39
I was whisked護送 through透過 the airport機場
by airline航空公司 assistants助理 in a wheelchair輪椅.
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我坐住輪椅,俾工作人員
推住穿過飛機場
00:44
Now, I don't need to use a wheelchair輪椅,
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其實,我唔使坐輪椅
00:47
but the design設計 of an airport機場
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但係飛機場嘅設計
00:49
and its lack缺乏 of accessibility輔助
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加上佢冇障礙輔助功能
00:52
means意味着 that it's my only way
to get through透過.
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使到我唯有咁來過個飛機場
00:55
With my carry-on隨身攜帶 bag between之間 my feet隻腳,
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我嘅隨身行李放喺腳邊
00:58
I was wheeled through透過
security安全, preclearancepreclearance
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我被人推過安檢,境外入境審查
01:01
and I arrived at my boarding寄宿 gate.
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之後來佐入機口
01:04
I use the accessibility輔助
services服務 in the airport機場
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我利用無障礙輔助服務
01:07
because most of the terminal終端
is just not designed設計 with me in mind介意.
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因為多數侯機設計
都無考慮到我咁嘅人
01:11
Take security安全, for example例子.
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就攞安檢舉個例
01:14
I'm not strong enough
to lift電梯 my carry-on隨身攜帶 bag
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我根本就唔夠大隻將我個隨身行李
01:17
from the ground地面 to the carousel旋轉木馬.
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從地下抬上個運輸帶
01:20
I stand at eye眼睛 level水平 with it.
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我同運輸帶差唔多高矮
01:22
And those who work in that space空間
for safety安全 purposes目的 cannot唔可以 help me
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係嗰個崗位嘅工作人員
因為安全性嘅緣故
01:27
and cannot唔可以 do it for me.
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唔可以幫我
01:30
Design設計 inhibits抑制 my autonomy自治
and my independence獨立.
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設計約束到我嘅自主同獨立能力
01:35
But traveling旅行 at this size大小,
it isn't all bad.
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但係我咁嘅體型去旅遊,都唔係壞事
01:38
The leg room間房 in economy經濟
is like business業務 class.
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經濟艙對我類講,就寬敞到好似商務艙
01:41
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
01:44
I often經常 forget唔記得 that I'm a little person.
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我經常都會唔記得我係一位矮人
01:47
It's the physical物理 environment環境
and society社會 that remind me.
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係物理環境同社會提醒我
01:52
Using使用 a public公眾 bathroom浴室
is an excruciating痛苦 experience經驗.
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去公共廁所係一個好痛苦嘅經驗
01:56
I walk into the cubicle間房
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我行入去厠所間
01:59
but I can't reach達到 the lock on the door.
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但係我手掂唔到個門鎖
02:01
I'm creative創造性 and resilient彈性.
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我係有創意同適應能力
02:05
I look around and see if there's
a bin that I can turn upside著數 down.
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我睇下有冇垃圾桶可以畀我反過做凳
02:09
Is it safe安全?
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安全?
02:11
Not really.
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唔係
02:12
Is it hygienic衛生 and sanitary衛生?
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乾淨同衛生?
02:15
Definitely絕對 not.
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肯定唔係
02:17
But the alternative替代 is much worse更糟.
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但係另外嘅選擇仲衰
02:20
If that doesn't work, I use my phone電話.
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如果嗰個方法行唔通,我用手機
02:23
It gives me an additional額外
four-四- to six-inch六寸 reach達到,
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佢將我加長四到六英寸
02:26
and I try to jam果醬 the lock closed關閉
with my iPhoneIphone.
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我試著用我嘅蘋果手機去鎖上個門鎖
02:29
Now, I imagine想象 that's not what Jony简妮 Ive學院
had in mind介意 when he designed設計 the iPhoneIphone,
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我惗喬納森艾維
當初設計蘋果唔係畀我咁用嘅
02:34
but it works工程.
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但係呢招真係得
02:36
The alternative替代
is that I approach方法 a stranger陌生人.
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另一個辦法就係去搵生普人幫手
02:40
I apologize道歉 profusely大汗
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我會猛咁道歉
02:42
and I ask問吓 them to stand guard警衛
outside外面 my cubicle間房 door.
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叫佢哋企喺我廁所間前邊幫我睇住
02:47
They do
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佢哋就企
02:48
and I emerge出現 grateful感激
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之後我猛咁講多謝
02:51
but absolutely絕對 mortified羞愧,
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又覺得好尷尬
02:54
and hope希望 that they didn't notice通知
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希望佢哋當時冇睇到
02:55
that I left the bathroom浴室
without washing my hands.
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我冇洗手就走咗
02:59
I carry進行 hand sanitizer with me
every single day
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我日日都會隨身帶消毒洗手液
03:03
because the sink下沉, soap肥皂 dispenser分配器,
hand dryer烘乾機 and mirror鏡子
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因為我都唔夠高用
03:08
are all out of my reach達到.
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洗手盤,肥皂機,烘乾機,同埋鏡
03:11
Now, the accessible訪問 bathroom浴室
is somewhat有 D of an option選項.
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宜家,無障礙廁所係我另一個選擇
03:13
In this space空間, I can reach達到
the lock on the door,
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喺呢個空間裡邊,我可以踮到個門鎖,
03:16
the sink下沉, the soap肥皂 dispenser分配器,
the hand dryer烘乾機 and the mirror鏡子.
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洗手盤,肥皂機,烘乾機,同埋塊鏡
03:22
Yet尚未, I cannot唔可以 use the toilet廁所.
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冇錯,我仲係用唔到個馬桶
03:26
It is deliberately故意 designed設計 higher
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個馬桶設計專登整高啲
03:29
so that wheelchair輪椅 users用戶
can transfer轉移 across with ease緩解.
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咁樣坐輪椅嘅人可以
好容易咁移到馬桶上面
03:33
This is a wonderful美妙
and necessary必要 innovation創新,
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設計得非常之好,仲有創意
03:37
but in the design設計 world世界, when we describe描述
a new新增功能 project項目 or idea想法 as accessible訪問,
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設計界裡面嘅無障礙
03:42
what does that mean?
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其實係咩意思呢?
03:44
Who is it accessible訪問 to?
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受益者又係邊個呢?
03:47
And whose needs需要
are not being accommodated容納 for?
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邊啲人需要但又冇被列入考慮範圍?
03:52
Now, the bathroom浴室 is an example例子
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廁所就係一個例子
03:53
of where design設計 impinges撞擊 upon之後 my dignity尊嚴,
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佢嘅設計對我嘅尊嚴帶嚟好大打擊
03:56
but the physical物理 environment環境 impacts影響
upon之後 me in much more casual休閒 ways方式 too,
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物理環境更加隨意咁影響我
04:01
something as simple簡單
as ordering訂購 a cup of coffee咖啡.
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啲好簡單嘅事,比如叫杯咖啡
04:04
Now, I'll admit承認 it.
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我承認
04:06
I drink far too much coffee咖啡.
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我飲太多咖啡
04:08
My order is a skinny vanilla latte咖啡,
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我通常叫一杯脫脂雲呢嗱拿鐵
04:11
but I'm trying試圖
to wean小兒 myself自己 off the syrup糖漿.
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我試緊戒糖漿
04:14
But the coffee咖啡 shop,
it's not designed設計 well,
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個咖啡店設計得唔係幾好
04:17
at least最小 not for me.
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至少對我來講
04:19
Queuing排隊, I'm standing
beside旁邊 the pastry糕點 cabinet內閣
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我企喺個甜點壁橱隔離個度排隊
04:22
and the barista店員 calls調用 for the next order.
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咖啡師叫下一個單時
04:25
"Next, please!" they shout.
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佢哋叫︰「唔該, 下一位啊。」
04:28
They can't see me.
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佢哋見唔到我
04:30
The person next to me in the queue隊列
pointsD to my existence存在
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排喺我後邊嘅人會指出我嘅存在
04:33
and everyone個個都 is embarrassed尷尬.
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大家都覺得好尷尬
04:36
I order as quick快速 as I can
and I move移動 along沿 to collect收集 my coffee咖啡.
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於是我快啲落單,去旁邊等我杯咖啡
04:40
Now, think just for a second第二.
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大家用幾秒去惗下
04:43
Where do they put it?
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佢哋將杯咖啡放喺邊度
04:45
Up high and without a lid.
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放喺高處,仲冇蓋
04:48
Reaching達到 up to collect收集 a coffee咖啡
that I have paid支付 for
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去攞我畀咗錢嘅咖啡
04:51
is an incredibly令人難以置信 dangerous危險 experience經驗.
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係好危險嘅體驗
04:54
But design設計 also impinges撞擊
on the clothes that I want to wear穿.
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連服裝設計都會打擊到我
04:57
I want garments
that reflect反映 my personality人格.
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我想買啲可以突顯我嘅個性嘅服裝
05:01
It's difficult困難 to find
in the childrenswear童裝 department部門.
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只不過咁嘅樣式,喺童裝部好難搵到
05:04
And often經常 womenswear女裝
requires需要 far too many好多 alterations.
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好多時候女裝需要修改
05:08
I want shoes that affect影響 my maturity,
professionalism專業 and sophistication複雜.
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我想買會顯得我
成熟,專業,同埋有教養嘅鞋
05:14
Instead相反, I'm offered提供 sneakers运动鞋
with Velcro魔術貼 straps and light-up亮起 shoes.
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但係我得有魔術貼嘅帆布鞋
同會發光嘅鞋可以簡
05:19
Now, I'm not totally完全 opposed反對
to light-up亮起 shoes.
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我唔係完完全全唔鍾意發光鞋
05:23
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
05:25
But design設計 also impacts影響
on such simple簡單 things,
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設計同樣影響到一啲好簡單嘅事
05:28
like sitting on a chair椅子.
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就比如坐喺個凳度
05:30
I cannot唔可以 go from a standing
to a seating座位 position位置 with grace恩典.
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從企到坐,我都做唔到優雅
05:35
Due由于 to the standards標準
of design設計 heights高度 of chairs椅子,
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因為凳高度設計嘅標準
05:38
I have to crawl on my hands and knees膝蓋
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我要用手同膝頭哥
05:41
just to get on top返回頁首 of it,
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爬上個凳度
05:42
whilst also being conscious意識
that it might可能 tip貼士 over at any stage階段.
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而個凳分分鐘跌
05:48
But whilst design設計 impacts影響 on me
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設計影響我,無論係凳
05:49
whether係唔係 it's a chair椅子,
a bathroom浴室, a coffee咖啡 shop, or clothes,
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廁所,咖啡店,亦或買衫
05:54
I rely依賴 on and benefit效益
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我依靠
05:57
from the kindness善良 of strangers陌生人.
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生普人嘅善意
06:01
But not everybody大家 is so nice.
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但唔係人人都係好人
06:04
I'm reminded that I'm a little person
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生普人
06:07
when a stranger陌生人 pointsD,
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指住我
06:09
stares凝視,
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望住我
06:11
laughs,
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笑我
06:13
calls調用 me a name名字,
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同我起花名
06:15
or takes a photograph of me.
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或影我相,時時提醒我,我係侏儒
06:17
This happens發生 almost爭 D every day.
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幾乎日日都有咁嘅事
06:20
With the rise上升 of social社會 media媒體,
it has given me an opportunity機會
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隨著社交媒體變得愈嚟愈廣泛
06:23
and a platform平台 to have a voice聲音
as a blogger博客 and as an activist活動傢,
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佢畀咗我個平台做博客同行動家
06:28
but it has also made作出 me nervous緊張
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佢同樣令我緊張
06:30
that I might可能 become成為 a memeMeme
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喺無經我同意嘅情況下
06:32
or a viral病毒 sensation感覺,
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我可能變成模因
06:35
all without my consent同意.
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又或者突然變紅
06:38
So let's take a moment時刻 right now
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所以宜家我哋就用啲時間
06:40
to make something very clear清楚.
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講清啲事
06:43
The word "midget侏儒" is a slur誹謗.
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「侏儒」係個貶義詞
06:47
It evolved進化 from PT Barnum's巴納姆嘅 era時代
of circuses馬戲團 and freak怪物 shows顯示.
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佢係從巴納姆嘅馬戲團
同畸形秀時代演變出嚟
06:52
Society社會 has evolved進化.
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社會已經變咗
06:55
So should our vocabulary詞彙.
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所以我咃嘅用詞要跟上
06:57
Language語言 is a powerful強大 tool工具.
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語言係一個強大嘅工具
07:00
It does not just name名字 our society社會.
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佢唔單止畀我咃社會名義
07:02
It shapes形狀 it.
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佢仲塑造社會
07:04
I am incredibly令人難以置信 proud驕傲
to be a little person,
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因為軟骨發育不全症遺傳
07:08
to have inherited繼承
the condition條件 of achondroplasiaachondroplasia.
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成為矮人,我覺得好自豪
07:11
But I am most proud驕傲 to be Sinead辛内.
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我最自豪嘅就係身為西尼德
07:14
AchondroplasiaAchondroplasia is
the most common常見 form形式 of dwarfism侏儒.
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軟骨發育不全症係最常見嘅侏儒症
07:18
AchondroplasiaAchondroplasia translates翻譯
as "without cartilage軟骨 formation形成."
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又叫「冇軟骨形成」
07:22
I have short limbs四肢
and achondroplasticachondroplastic facial面部 features特徵,
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我手短腳短
面部有軟骨發育不全嘅特徵
07:26
my forehead額頭 and my nose鼻子.
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比如我嘅額頭同鼻
07:29
My arms武器 do not straighten伸直 fully完全,
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我兩隻手申唔直
07:32
but I can lick my elbow.
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但係我舔到自己嘅手肘
07:34
I'm not showing顯示 you that one.
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我係唔會秀畀你睇
07:37
AchondroplasiaAchondroplasia occurs發生 in approximately大約
one in every 20,000 births出生.
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每約2萬名新生嬰,
就有一名患上軟骨發育不全症
07:42
80 percent百分比 of little people
are born出生 to two average-height平均高度 parents父母.
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80% 矮人嘅父母都係中等身高
07:47
That means意味着 that anybody任何人 in this room間房
could have a child孩子 with achondroplasiaachondroplasia.
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即係話任何人都有可能
生軟骨發育不全嘅BB
07:51
Yet尚未, I inherited繼承 my condition條件 from my dad老竇.
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我係因為爸爸嘅遺傳
07:55
I'd like to show顯示 you a photo of my family家庭.
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我畀你哋睇下我嘅全家福
07:59
My mother母親 is average平均 height高度,
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我媽咪嘅身高中等
08:01
my father老竇 is a little person
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我爹地係矮人
08:03
and I am the eldest of five children孩子.
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我係最大嘅家庭成員
08:06
I have three sisters姐妹 and one brother哥哥.
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我有三個妹,一個細佬
08:09
They are all average平均 height高度.
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佢哋都係中等身高
08:12
I am incredibly令人難以置信 fortunate好彩呀
to have been born出生 into a family家庭
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我好幸運生係一個
08:15
that cultivated栽培
my curiosity好奇心 and my tenacity堅韌,
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培養我嘅好奇心同韌力嘅家庭
08:19
that protected保護 me from the unkindness無情
and ignorance無知 of strangers陌生人
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喺陌生人嘅不友善對待,
同愚昧影響下保護我
08:24
and that armed武裝 me with the resilience彈性,
creativity創造力 and confidence信心
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令我能屈能伸,
08:28
that I needed需要 to survive生存 and manipulate操縱
the physical物理 environment環境 and society社會.
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有喺物理環境和社會生存
嘅創意同自信心
08:34
If I was to pinpoint確定 any reason原因
why I am successful成功,
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如果我講出我成功嘅一個因素
08:38
it is because I was
and I am a loved child孩子,
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就係,我一直都係一個受寵愛嘅囡囡
08:43
now, a loved child孩子
with a lot of sass駁嘴 and sarcasm諷刺,
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一個牙尖嘴利嘅受寵愛囡囡
08:47
but a loved child孩子 nonetheless儘管如此.
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但無論係點,我都係被寵愛嘅
08:50
In giving you an insight洞察力
into who I am today今日
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我畀咗你哋,一個我係邊個嘅睇法
08:54
I wanted to offer提供 you a new新增功能 perspective視角.
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我想畀你哋一個全新嘅視野
08:57
I wanted to challenge挑戰 the idea想法
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我想要挑戰嘅概念係
08:58
that design設計 is but a tool工具
to create創建 function功能 and beauty.
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設計係一個創造功能同美麗嘅工具
09:03
Design設計 greatly大大 impacts影響
upon之後 people's人民 lives生活,
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設計對人嘅生活影響好大
09:07
all lives生活.
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所有人
09:09
Design設計 is a way in which
we can feel included包括 in the world世界,
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設計係一種令我哋覺得
09:13
but it is also a way in which
we can uphold秉承 a person's人嘅 dignity尊嚴
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俾世界接納嘅方式
09:17
and their佢哋 human人類 rights權利.
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亦係一個維護尊嚴同人權嘅方式
09:19
Design設計 can also inflict造成 vulnerability漏洞
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設計同樣可以
09:22
on a group whose needs需要 aren't唔係 considered諗緊.
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傷害一個需要被忽視嘅群體
09:26
So today今日, I want
your perceptions看法 challenged挑戰.
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所以,今日我想挑戰各位嘅觀念
09:30
Who are we not designing設計 for?
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我哋設計冇考慮咩人?
09:33
How can we amplify放大 their佢哋 voices聲音
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我哋點樣可以放大
09:35
and their佢哋 experiences經驗?
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佢哋嘅聲音同經驗?
09:38
What is the next step?
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下一步係咩?
09:40
Design設計 is an enormous巨大 privilege特權,
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設計係個龐大嘅特權
09:43
but it is a bigger responsibility責任.
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亦係更加大嘅責任
09:45
I want you to open打開 your eyes眼睛.
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我想你哋擘大你哋嘅眼睛
09:48
Thank you so much.
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多謝大家
09:50
(Applause掌聲)
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(拍手)
Translated by Grace Lai
Reviewed by Sylvia He

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sinéad Burke - Writer, educator
Sinéad Burke amplifies voices and instigates curious conversations.

Why you should listen

Since her first days of elementary school, Sinéad Burke has understood the power of education to combat ignorance, to challenge the status quo and to give agency to the most vulnerable. She wanted to become a teacher -- one who ensured that children felt represented, listened to and safe in her classroom -- and she graduated at the top of her class, receiving the Vere Foster Medal from Marino Institute of Education.

Through writing, public speaking and social media, Burke highlights the lack of inclusivity within the fashion industry and encourages the industry to design for and with disabled people. She critiques the ways in which the media talks about and to women, offering an alternative conversation that celebrates the achievements of others with her "Extraordinary Women" interview series.

Burke has visited schools, workplaces, government agencies and the White House to facilitate honest conversations about education, disability, fashion and accessibility. She advocates for the inclusion of all and challenges officials to legislate with most marginalized in our communities.

Bure is currently undertaking a PhD in Trinity College, Dublin on human rights education that specifically comments on the ways in which schools allow children to have a voice. She values kindness, empathy and volunteerism, and she is an ambassador for the Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children and the Irish Girl Guides.

More profile about the speaker
Sinéad Burke | Speaker | TED.com