TED2013
Michael Green: Why we should build wooden skyscrapers
Majkl Grin (Michael Green): Zašto treba da gradimo drvene oblakodere
Filmed:
Readability: 3.7
1,360,251 views
Gradite oblakoder? Zaboravite na čelik i beton, kaže arhitekta Majkl Grin, i sagradite ga od... drveta. Kako kaže u ovom zanimljivom govoru, ne samo da je moguće graditi sigurne zgrade od drveta do 30 spratova u visinu (i više, nada se), već je to neophodno.
Michael Green - Architect
Michael Green wants to solve architecture’s biggest challenge -- meeting worldwide housing demand without increasing carbon emissions -- by building with carbon-sequestering wood instead of concrete and steel. Full bio
Michael Green wants to solve architecture’s biggest challenge -- meeting worldwide housing demand without increasing carbon emissions -- by building with carbon-sequestering wood instead of concrete and steel. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
This is my grandfather.
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Ovo je moj deda.
00:16
And this is my son.
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A ovo je moj sin.
00:18
My grandfather taught me to work with wood
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Deda me je naučio
da radim sa drvetom
da radim sa drvetom
00:20
when I was a little boy,
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kad sam bio mali dečak
00:22
and he also taught me the idea that
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i takođe me je naučio ideji
00:24
if you cut down a tree to turn it into something,
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da ako isečeš drvo
da bi ga pretvorio u nešto,
da bi ga pretvorio u nešto,
00:27
honor that tree's life and make it as beautiful
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poštuj život tog drveta
i napravi to
i napravi to
00:29
as you possibly can.
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najlepše što možeš.
00:31
My little boy reminded me
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Moj dečak me podseća
00:35
that for all the technology and all the toys in the world,
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da za svu tehnologiju
i sve igračke na svetu,
i sve igračke na svetu,
00:38
sometimes just a small block of wood,
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ponekad samo mali komad drveta,
00:40
if you stack it up tall,
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ako ga naslažeš u visinu
00:42
actually is an incredibly inspiring thing.
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u stvari je neverovatno
inspirativna stvar.
inspirativna stvar.
00:46
These are my buildings.
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Ovo su moje zgrade.
00:48
I build all around the world
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Gradim širom sveta
00:49
out of our office in Vancouver and New York.
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iz naše kancelarije
u Vankuveru i Njujorku.
u Vankuveru i Njujorku.
00:52
And we build buildings of different sizes and styles
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Gradimo zgrade raznih
veličina i stilova
veličina i stilova
00:55
and different materials, depending on where we are.
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i od različitih materijala,
u zavisnosti od toga gde smo.
u zavisnosti od toga gde smo.
00:57
But wood is the material that I love the most,
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Ali drvo je materijal
koji najviše volim
koji najviše volim
00:59
and I'm going to tell you the story about wood.
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i ispričaću vam priču o drvetu.
01:01
And part of the reason I love it is that every time
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Deo razloga zašto ga volim je taj
što svaki put
što svaki put
01:03
people go into my buildings that are wood,
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kad ljudi uđu u moje zgrade
koje su od drveta,
koje su od drveta,
01:06
I notice they react completely differently.
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primetim da reaguju potpuno drugačije.
01:08
I've never seen anybody walk into one of my buildings
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Nikad nisam video da neko uđe
u neku od mojih zgrada
u neku od mojih zgrada
01:11
and hug a steel or a concrete column,
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i zagrli čelični ili betonski stub,
01:13
but I've actually seen that happen in a wood building.
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ali sam video to
u zgradama od drveta.
u zgradama od drveta.
01:16
I've actually seen how people touch the wood,
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Video sam ljude
kako dodiruju drvo
kako dodiruju drvo
01:19
and I think there's a reason for it.
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i mislim da postoji razlog za to.
01:21
Just like snowflakes, no two pieces of wood
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Isto kao i snežne pahuljice,
ni dva komada drveta
ni dva komada drveta
01:23
can ever be the same anywhere on Earth.
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nikada i nigde na Zemlji
ne mogu biti isti.
ne mogu biti isti.
01:26
That's a wonderful thing.
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To je divna stvar.
01:28
I like to think that wood
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Sviđa mi se da mislim da drvo
01:30
gives Mother Nature fingerprints in our buildings.
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ostavlja otiske prstiju Majke prirode
na našim zgradama.
na našim zgradama.
01:34
It's Mother Nature's fingerprints that make
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Otisci prstiju Majke prirode
su ti koji čine
su ti koji čine
01:36
our buildings connect us to nature in the built environment.
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da nas naše zgrade povežu s prirodom
u okruženju napravljenom ljudskom rukom.
u okruženju napravljenom ljudskom rukom.
01:41
Now, I live in Vancouver, near a forest
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Živim u Vankuveru, pored šume
01:43
that grows to 33 stories tall.
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koja raste do visine
zgrade od 33 sprata.
zgrade od 33 sprata.
01:46
Down the coast here in California, the redwood forest
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Uz obalu ovde u Kaliforniji
šuma sekvoje
šuma sekvoje
01:48
grows to 40 stories tall.
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raste do visine
od 40 spratova.
od 40 spratova.
01:51
But the buildings that we think about in wood
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Ali zgrade od drveta na koje mislimo
01:54
are only four stories tall in most places on Earth.
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su visoke samo četiri sprata
na većini mesta na Zemlji.
na većini mesta na Zemlji.
01:57
Even building codes actually limit the ability for us to build
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I pravila gradnje u stvari ograničavaju
našu mogućnost da gradimo
našu mogućnost da gradimo
02:01
much taller than four stories in many places,
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zgrade mnogo više od četiri sprata
na mnogim mestima
na mnogim mestima
02:03
and that's true here in the United States.
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i to je tako i ovde
u Sjedinjenim Državama.
u Sjedinjenim Državama.
02:05
Now there are exceptions,
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Postoje izuzeci,
02:07
but there needs to be some exceptions,
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ali i potrebno je
da postoje izuzeci
da postoje izuzeci
02:09
and things are going to change, I'm hoping.
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i stvari će se promeniti, nadam se.
02:11
And the reason I think that way is that
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Razlog zbog čega tako mislim je taj
02:13
today half of us live in cities,
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što danas polovina nas
živi u gradovima
živi u gradovima
02:16
and that number is going to grow to 75 percent.
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i taj broj će porasti do 75 procenata.
02:19
Cities and density mean that our buildings
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Gradovi i gustina znače
da će naše zgrade
da će naše zgrade
02:21
are going to continue to be big,
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i dalje biti velike
02:24
and I think there's a role for wood to play in cities.
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i mislim da postoji uloga
koju drvo može da odigra u gradu.
koju drvo može da odigra u gradu.
02:28
And I feel that way because three billion people
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Mislim tako jer će
za tri milijarde ljudi
za tri milijarde ljudi
02:31
in the world today, over the next 20 years,
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u svetu danas,
za 20 godina,
za 20 godina,
02:34
will need a new home.
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biti potreban novi dom.
02:35
That's 40 percent of the world that are going to need
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To je 40 posto sveta
kojem će biti potrebna
kojem će biti potrebna
02:37
a new building built for them in the next 20 years.
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nova zgrada izgrađena za njih
u sledećih 20 godina.
u sledećih 20 godina.
02:41
Now, one in three people living in cities today
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Jedan od tri čoveka
koji živi u gradovima danas,
koji živi u gradovima danas,
02:43
actually live in a slum.
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u stvari živi u sirotinjskom kraju.
02:45
That's one billion people in the world live in slums.
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To je milijardu ljudi u svetu
koji žive u sirotinjskim krajevima.
koji žive u sirotinjskim krajevima.
02:48
A hundred million people in the world are homeless.
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Sto miliona ljudi u svetu
su beskućnici.
su beskućnici.
02:53
The scale of the challenge for architects
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Veličina izazova
sa kojim se suočavaju
sa kojim se suočavaju
02:55
and for society to deal with in building
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arhitekte i društvo
u graditeljstvu
u graditeljstvu
02:58
is to find a solution to house these people.
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je u tome da nađu rešenje
da udome ove ljude.
da udome ove ljude.
03:02
But the challenge is, as we move to cities,
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Ali izazov je,
kako se selimo u gradove,
kako se selimo u gradove,
03:06
cities are built in these two materials,
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oni su sagrađeni
od dva materijala:
od dva materijala:
03:09
steel and concrete, and they're great materials.
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čelika i betona
i to su sjajni materijali.
i to su sjajni materijali.
03:12
They're the materials of the last century.
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To su materijali poslednjeg stoleća.
03:14
But they're also materials with very high energy
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Ali to su takođe materijali
sa veoma velikom energijom
sa veoma velikom energijom
03:17
and very high greenhouse gas emissions in their process.
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i veoma velikom emisijom
gasova staklene bašte u svom procesu.
gasova staklene bašte u svom procesu.
03:21
Steel represents about three percent
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Čelik predstavlja oko 3 procenta
03:23
of man's greenhouse gas emissions,
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čovekovih emisija
gasa staklene bašte,
gasa staklene bašte,
03:25
and concrete is over five percent.
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a beton preko 5 procenata.
03:28
So if you think about that, eight percent
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Ako razmislite o tome,
osam procenata
osam procenata
03:31
of our contribution to greenhouse gases today
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našeg doprinosa
gasovima staklene bašte danas
gasovima staklene bašte danas
03:34
comes from those two materials alone.
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dolazi samo od ova dva materijala.
03:37
We don't think about it a lot, and unfortunately,
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Mi ne mislimo mnogo o tome
i nažalost,
i nažalost,
03:40
we actually don't even think about buildings, I think,
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ne mislimo čak
ni o zgradama, ja mislim,
ni o zgradama, ja mislim,
03:42
as much as we should.
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onoliko koliko bi trebalo.
03:43
This is a U.S. statistic about the impact of greenhouse gases.
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Ovo je statistika SAD
o uticaju gasova staklene bašte.
o uticaju gasova staklene bašte.
03:47
Almost half of our greenhouse gases are related to the building industry,
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Skoro polovina naših gasova staklene bašte
je u vezi sa građevinarstvom
je u vezi sa građevinarstvom
03:50
and if we look at energy, it's the same story.
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i ako pogledamo energiju,
ista je priča.
ista je priča.
03:53
You'll notice that transportation's sort of second down that list,
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Videćete da je prevoz
na drugom mestu te liste,
na drugom mestu te liste,
03:56
but that's the conversation we mostly hear about.
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ali to je nešto što uglavnom čujemo.
03:58
And although a lot of that is about energy,
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Iako puno toga zavisi od energije,
04:02
it's also so much about carbon.
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takođe puno zavisi i od ugljenika
04:05
The problem I see is that, ultimately,
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Problem kako ga ja vidim
je u tome da, konačno,
je u tome da, konačno,
04:08
the clash of how we solve that problem
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sudaranje načina
na koje rešavamo taj problem
na koje rešavamo taj problem
04:10
of serving those three billion people that need a home,
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opsluživanja tri milijarde ljudi
kojima treba dom
kojima treba dom
04:13
and climate change, are a head-on collision
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i klimatskih promena,
je čeoni sudar
je čeoni sudar
04:17
about to happen, or already happening.
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koji treba da se dogodi
ili se već događa.
ili se već događa.
04:20
That challenge means that we have to start thinking in new ways,
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Taj izazov znači da treba da počnemo
da razmišljamo na nove načine
da razmišljamo na nove načine
04:23
and I think wood is going to be part of that solution,
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i mislim da će drvo biti
deo tog rešenja
deo tog rešenja
04:25
and I'm going to tell you the story of why.
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i ispričaću vam zašto.
04:27
As an architect, wood is the only material,
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Kao arhitekti, drvo je jedini materijal,
04:29
big material, that I can build with
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veliki materijal,
sa kojim mogu da gradim,
sa kojim mogu da gradim,
04:32
that's already grown by the power of the sun.
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koji je izrastao uz pomoć
sunčeve energije.
sunčeve energije.
04:35
When a tree grows in the forest and gives off oxygen
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Kada drvo raste u šumi
i ispušta kiseonik
i ispušta kiseonik
04:38
and soaks up carbon dioxide,
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i apsorbuje ugljen-dioksid
04:40
and it dies and it falls to the forest floor,
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i umre i padne na šumsko tlo,
04:43
it gives that carbon dioxide back to the atmosphere or into the ground.
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ono vraća ugljen-dioksid
u atmosferu ili u zemlju.
u atmosferu ili u zemlju.
04:48
If it burns in a forest fire, it's going to give that carbon
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Ako izgori u šumskom požaru,
takođe će vratiti taj ugljenik
takođe će vratiti taj ugljenik
04:51
back to the atmosphere as well.
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nazad u atmosferu.
04:53
But if you take that wood and you put it into a building
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Ali ako uzmete to drvo
i napravite od njega zgradu
i napravite od njega zgradu
04:56
or into a piece of furniture or into that wooden toy,
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ili komad nameštaja
ili drvenu igračku,
ili drvenu igračku,
05:00
it actually has an amazing capacity
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ono u stvari ima
neverovatnu sposobnost
neverovatnu sposobnost
05:01
to store the carbon and provide us with a sequestration.
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da skladišti ugljenik
i omogućava nam njegovo oduzimanje.
i omogućava nam njegovo oduzimanje.
05:05
One cubic meter of wood will store
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Jedan kubni metar drveta
će uskladištiti
će uskladištiti
05:09
one tonne of carbon dioxide.
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jednu tonu ugljen-dioksida.
05:11
Now our two solutions to climate are obviously
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Naša dva rešenja za klimu
su, očigledno,
su, očigledno,
05:14
to reduce our emissions and find storage.
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da smanjimo emisije
i nađemo skladište.
i nađemo skladište.
05:16
Wood is the only major material building material
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Drvo je jedini od glavnih
materijala za gradnju
materijala za gradnju
05:18
I can build with that actually does both those two things.
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sa kojim mogu da gradim
i koji radi obe ove stvari.
i koji radi obe ove stvari.
05:22
So I believe that we have
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Verujem da imamo
05:25
an ethic that the Earth grows our food,
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moralni princip
da nam Zemlja daje hranu
da nam Zemlja daje hranu
05:28
and we need to move to an ethic in this century
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i u ovom veku moramo
da pređemo na moralni princip
da pređemo na moralni princip
05:30
that the Earth should grow our homes.
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da nam Zemlja daje domove.
05:33
Now, how are we going to do that
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A kako ćemo to da uradimo
05:34
when we're urbanizing at this rate
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kada sprovodimo urbanizaciju
ovim tempom
ovim tempom
05:36
and we think about wood buildings only at four stories?
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i razmišljamo samo
o drvenim zrgadama od četiri sprata?
o drvenim zrgadama od četiri sprata?
05:38
We need to reduce the concrete and steel and we need
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Treba da smanjimo beton i čelik
05:41
to grow bigger, and what we've been working on
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i da gradimo više zgrade
i ono na čemu radimo
i ono na čemu radimo
05:42
is 30-story tall buildings made of wood.
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su zgrade od drveta
od 30 spratova
od 30 spratova
05:47
We've been engineering them with an engineer
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Projektujemo ih sa inženjerom
05:51
named Eric Karsh who works with me on it,
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po imenu Erik Karš
koji radi sa mnom na tome
koji radi sa mnom na tome
05:53
and we've been doing this new work because
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i radimo ovaj novi posao
05:56
there are new wood products out there for us to use,
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jer postoje novi proizvodi od drveta
koje možemo da koristimo
koje možemo da koristimo
05:58
and we call them mass timber panels.
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i zovemo ih masovne drvene ploče.
06:00
These are panels made with young trees,
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Ove ploče su napravljene
od mladog drveća,
od mladog drveća,
06:03
small growth trees, small pieces of wood
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niskog drveća,
malih komada drveta
malih komada drveta
06:06
glued together to make panels that are enormous:
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zalepljenih jedan za drugi
da bi formirali ploče koje su ogromne:
da bi formirali ploče koje su ogromne:
06:09
eight feet wide, 64 feet long, and of various thicknesses.
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2.5 metra široke, 19.5 metara dugačke
i raznih debljina.
i raznih debljina.
06:13
The way I describe this best, I've found, is to say
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Način na koji najbolje mogu
da opišem ovo, je taj
da opišem ovo, je taj
06:16
that we're all used to two-by-four construction
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da smo svi navikli
na gradnju 2 puta 4
na gradnju 2 puta 4
06:18
when we think about wood.
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kada mislimo o drvetu.
06:19
That's what people jump to as a conclusion.
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To je ono što ljudi
preuranjeno zaključuju.
preuranjeno zaključuju.
06:22
Two-by-four construction is sort of like the little
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Gradnja 2 puta 4 je nešto kao
06:24
eight-dot bricks of Lego that we all played with as kids,
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male Lego kocke sa 8 tačaka
sa kojima smo se svi igrali kao deca
sa kojima smo se svi igrali kao deca
06:26
and you can make all kinds of cool things out of Lego
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i možete napraviti razne super stvari
od Lego kocki
od Lego kocki
06:29
at that size, and out of two-by-fours.
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te veličine
i od kocki 2 puta 4.
i od kocki 2 puta 4.
06:32
But do remember when you were a kid,
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Ali setite se kad ste bili deca
06:33
and you kind of sifted through the pile in your basement,
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i pretraživali gomilu u vašem podrumu
06:35
and you found that big 24-dot brick of Lego,
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i nalazili veliku Lego kocku
od 24 tačke
od 24 tačke
06:38
and you were kind of like,
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i rekli biste nešto kao:
06:39
"Cool, this is awesome. I can build something really big,
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"Super, ovo je sjajno.
Mogu da sagradim nešto baš veliko
Mogu da sagradim nešto baš veliko
06:41
and this is going to be great."
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i biće super."
06:43
That's the change.
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To je ta promena.
06:44
Mass timber panels are those 24-dot bricks.
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Masovne drvene ploče
su te kocke od 24 tačke.
su te kocke od 24 tačke.
06:47
They're changing the scale of what we can do,
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One menjaju razmeru onoga
što možemo da uradimo
što možemo da uradimo
06:49
and what we've developed is something we call FFTT,
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i ono što smo razvili,
je nešto što zovemo FFTT,
je nešto što zovemo FFTT,
06:51
which is a Creative Commons solution
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što je rešenje "Creative Commons"-a
06:54
to building a very flexible system
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za izgradnju veoma fleksibilnog sistema
06:59
of building with these large panels where we tilt up
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gradnje sa ovim velikim pločama
gde možemo da gradimo
gde možemo da gradimo
07:01
six stories at a time if we want to.
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šest spratova odjednom,
ako hoćemo.
ako hoćemo.
07:05
This animation shows you how the building goes together
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Ova animacija vam pokazuje
kako se zgrada sklapa
kako se zgrada sklapa
07:09
in a very simple way, but these buildings are available
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na vrlo jednostavan način,
ali ove zgrade su sada dostupne
ali ove zgrade su sada dostupne
07:12
for architects and engineers now to build on
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arhitektama i inženjerima da grade
07:15
for different cultures in the world,
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za različite kulture u svetu,
07:16
different architectural styles and characters.
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različite arhitektonske stilove
i karaktere.
i karaktere.
07:19
In order for us to build safely,
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Da bismo gradili bezbedno
07:22
we've engineered these buildings, actually,
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projektovali smo ove zgrade
07:24
to work in a Vancouver context,
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da funkcionišu u okolnostima Vankuvera,
07:26
where we're a high seismic zone,
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gde smo u visoko trusnoj oblasti,
07:27
even at 30 stories tall.
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čak 30 spratova u visinu.
07:31
Now obviously, every time I bring this up,
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Očigledno, svaki put kad pomenem ovo,
07:32
people even, you know, here at the conference, say,
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čak i ovde na konferenciji,
ljudi kažu:
ljudi kažu:
07:34
"Are you serious? Thirty stories? How's that going to happen?"
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"Jesi li ozbiljan? Trideset spratova?
Kako ćeš to da uradiš?"
Kako ćeš to da uradiš?"
07:37
And there's a lot of really good questions that are asked
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A ima puno stvarno dobrih
i važnih pitanja koja postavljaju
i važnih pitanja koja postavljaju
07:41
and important questions that we spent quite a long time
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i za koja provedemo puno vremena
07:43
working on the answers to as we put together
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smišljajući odgovore,
dok sastavljamo
dok sastavljamo
07:45
our report and the peer reviewed report.
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naš izveštaj i reviziju
izveštaja kolega.
izveštaja kolega.
07:48
I'm just going to focus on a few of them,
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Fokusiraću se na nekoliko njih
07:49
and let's start with fire, because I think fire
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i da počnemo sa vatrom,
jer mislim da je vatra
jer mislim da je vatra
07:51
is probably the first one that you're all thinking about right now.
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verovatno prvo
o čemu svi razmišljate sada.
o čemu svi razmišljate sada.
07:53
Fair enough.
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To je u redu.
07:54
And the way I describe it is this.
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Način na koji to opisujem je ovaj.
07:56
If I asked you to take a match and light it
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Ako vas zamolim
da uzmete šibicu i zapalite je
da uzmete šibicu i zapalite je
07:58
and hold up a log and try to get that log to go on fire,
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i držite cepanicu
i pokušate da je zapalite,
i pokušate da je zapalite,
08:02
it doesn't happen, right? We all know that.
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to se ne dešava, zar ne?
Svi to znamo.
Svi to znamo.
08:04
But to build a fire, you kind of start with small pieces
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Da biste zapalili vatru,
počinjete od malih komada drveta
počinjete od malih komada drveta
08:07
of wood and you work your way up,
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i raspaljujete je
08:08
and eventually you can add the log to the fire,
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i posle nekog vremena
možete da stavite cepanicu na vatru
možete da stavite cepanicu na vatru
08:11
and when you do add the log to the fire, of course,
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i kad ste je stavili, naravno,
08:13
it burns, but it burns slowly.
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ona gori, ali gori polako.
08:16
Well, mass timber panels, these new products
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Masovne drvene ploče,
ovi novi proizvodi
ovi novi proizvodi
08:18
that we're using, are much like the log.
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koje koristimo,
su prilično iste kao cepanice.
su prilično iste kao cepanice.
08:20
It's hard to start them on fire, and when they do,
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Teško je zapaliti ih,
a kada se zapale
a kada se zapale
08:23
they actually burn extraordinarily predictably,
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u stvari gore neobično predvidivo
08:26
and we can use fire science in order to predict
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i možemo upotrebiti nauku o vatri
da bismo predvideli
da bismo predvideli
08:28
and make these buildings as safe as concrete
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i učinili ove zgrade
sigurnim kao betonske
sigurnim kao betonske
08:30
and as safe as steel.
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i čelične.
08:33
The next big issue, deforestation.
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Sledeći veliki problem,
seča šuma.
seča šuma.
08:36
Eighteen percent of our contribution
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18 procenata naše zasluge
08:38
to greenhouse gas emissions worldwide
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za emisije gasova staklene bašte
širom sveta
širom sveta
08:40
is the result of deforestation.
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je rezultat seče šuma.
08:42
The last thing we want to do is cut down trees.
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Poslednje što želimo je
da sečemo drveće.
da sečemo drveće.
08:45
Or, the last thing we want to do is cut down the wrong trees.
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Ili poslednje što želimo je
da sečemo pogrešno drveće.
da sečemo pogrešno drveće.
08:49
There are models for sustainable forestry
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Postoje modeli održivog šumarstva
08:52
that allow us to cut trees properly,
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koji nam omogućavaju
da sečemo drveće kako treba
da sečemo drveće kako treba
08:54
and those are the only trees appropriate
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i to je jedino drveće pogodno
08:56
to use for these kinds of systems.
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za upotrebu u ovakvim sistemima.
08:58
Now I actually think that these ideas
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Mislim da će ove ideje
09:00
will change the economics of deforestation.
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promeniti ekonomiju seče šuma.
09:04
In countries with deforestation issues,
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U zemljama sa problemima
sa sečom šuma
sa sečom šuma
09:06
we need to find a way to provide
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moramo da nađemo način
da obezbedimo
da obezbedimo
09:08
better value for the forest
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veću vrednost šumama
09:11
and actually encourage people to make money
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i podstaknemo ljude
da zarađuju novac
da zarađuju novac
09:13
through very fast growth cycles --
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kroz vrlo brze cikluse rasta -
09:15
10-, 12-, 15-year-old trees that make these products
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10, 12, 15 godina staro drveće
koje čini ove proizvode
koje čini ove proizvode
09:18
and allow us to build at this scale.
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i omogućava nam
da gradimo u ovoj meri.
da gradimo u ovoj meri.
09:20
We've calculated a 20-story building:
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Napravili smo proračun
za zgradu od 20 spratova.
za zgradu od 20 spratova.
09:23
We'll grow enough wood in North America every 13 minutes.
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Uzgajaćemo dovoljno drveta
u Severnoj Americi svakih 13 minuta.
u Severnoj Americi svakih 13 minuta.
09:26
That's how much it takes.
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Toliko je potrebno.
09:28
The carbon story here is a really good one.
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Priča sa ugljenikom
ovde je stvarno dobra.
ovde je stvarno dobra.
09:31
If we built a 20-story building out of cement and concrete,
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Da smo izgradili zgradu
od cementa i betona,
od cementa i betona,
09:35
the process would result in the manufacturing
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taj proces bi rezultirao
proizvodnjom
proizvodnjom
09:37
of that cement and 1,200 tonnes of carbon dioxide.
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tog cementa i 1.200 tona
ugljen-dioksida.
ugljen-dioksida.
09:41
If we did it in wood, in this solution,
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Da smo je izgradili od drveta,
u ovom rešenju,
u ovom rešenju,
09:44
we'd sequester about 3,100 tonnes,
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oduzeli bismo oko 3.100 tona
09:45
for a net difference of 4,300 tonnes.
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za neto razliku od 4.300 tona.
09:48
That's the equivalent of about 900 cars
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Ekvivalent tome je
900 automobila
900 automobila
09:51
removed from the road in one year.
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sklonjenih sa puteva
za godinu dana.
za godinu dana.
09:54
Think back to that three billion people
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Pomislite na onih 3 milijarde ljudi
09:55
that need a new home,
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kojima treba novi dom
09:57
and maybe this is a contributor to reducing.
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i možda će ovo doprineti smanjenju.
10:00
We're at the beginning of a revolution, I hope,
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Na početku smo revolucije,
nadam se,
nadam se,
10:02
in the way we build, because this is the first new way
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u načinu na koji gradimo,
jer ovo je prvi novi način
jer ovo je prvi novi način
10:04
to build a skyscraper in probably 100 years or more.
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za gradnju oblakodera
u verovatno 100 godina ili više.
u verovatno 100 godina ili više.
10:09
But the challenge is changing society's perception
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Ali promeniti percepciju društva
o mogućnostima
o mogućnostima
10:12
of possibility, and it's a huge challenge.
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je izazov i to veliki.
10:14
The engineering is, truthfully, the easy part of this.
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Gradnja je, iskreno,
lakši deo ovoga.
lakši deo ovoga.
10:17
And the way I describe it is this.
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Ja to ovako opisujem.
10:20
The first skyscraper, technically --
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Prvi oblakoder, tehički -
10:22
and the definition of a skyscraper is 10 stories tall, believe it or not —
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a po definiciji oblakoder je zgrada
od 10 spratova, verovali ili ne -
od 10 spratova, verovali ili ne -
10:24
but the first skyscraper was this one in Chicago,
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prvi oblakoder je bio ovaj u Čikagu
10:26
and people were terrified to walk underneath this building.
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i ljudi su se plašili
da prođu ispod ove zgrade.
da prođu ispod ove zgrade.
10:30
But only four years after it was built,
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Ali samo četiri godine kasnije
10:31
Gustave Eiffel was building the Eiffel Tower,
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Gustav Ajfel je gradio Ajfelov toranj
10:34
and as he built the Eiffel Tower,
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i kako ga je sagradio,
10:36
he changed the skylines of the cities of the world,
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tako je promenio horizonte gradova sveta,
10:40
changed and created a competition
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promenio i stvorio konkurenciju
10:43
between places like New York City and Chicago,
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između mesta kao što su
Njujork i Čikago
Njujork i Čikago
10:46
where developers started building bigger and bigger buildings
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gde su graditelji počeli
da prave sve veće zgrade
da prave sve veće zgrade
10:48
and pushing the envelope up higher and higher
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i da pomeraju granicu visine
10:52
with better and better engineering.
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sa sve boljim graditeljstvom.
10:54
We built this model in New York, actually,
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Napravili smo ovaj model u Njujorku
10:56
as a theoretical model on the campus
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kao teoretski model studentskog grada
10:59
of a technical university soon to come,
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tehničkog univerziteta koji se osniva
11:01
and the reason we picked this site
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i razlog što smo izabrali ovu lokaciju
11:03
to just show you what these buildings may look like,
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je da vam pokažemo
kako ove zgrade mogu da izgledaju
kako ove zgrade mogu da izgledaju
11:06
because the exterior can change.
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jer spoljašnjost može da se menja.
11:07
It's really just the structure that we're talking about.
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U stvari samo govorimo o strukturi.
11:10
The reason we picked it is because this is a technical university,
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Razlog što smo ga izabrali je taj
što je ovo tehnički univerzitet
što je ovo tehnički univerzitet
11:13
and I believe that wood is the most
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i verujem da je drvo
11:15
technologically advanced material I can build with.
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tehnološki najnapredniji materijal
sa kojim mogu da gradim.
sa kojim mogu da gradim.
11:19
It just happens to be that Mother Nature holds the patent,
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Slučajno Majka priroda drži patent
11:22
and we don't really feel comfortable with it.
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i ne osećamo se prijatno zbog toga.
11:24
But that's the way it should be,
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Ali tako treba da bude,
11:26
nature's fingerprints in the built environment.
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otisci prstiju prirode
u okruženju stvorenom ljudskom rukom.
u okruženju stvorenom ljudskom rukom.
11:30
I'm looking for this opportunity
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Tražim mogućnost
11:32
to create an Eiffel Tower moment, we call it.
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da ostvarim "momenat Ajfelovog tornja",
koko to zovemo.
koko to zovemo.
11:35
Buildings are starting to go up around the world.
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Zgrade počinju da niču
širom sveta.
širom sveta.
11:37
There's a building in London that's nine stories,
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Postoji zgrada u Londonu
od devet spratova,
od devet spratova,
11:39
a new building that just finished in Australia
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nova zgrada, tek završena,
u Australiji
u Australiji
11:41
that I believe is 10 or 11.
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koja ima, ja mislim, 10 ili 11.
11:43
We're starting to push the height up of these wood buildings,
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Počinjemo da podižemo visinu
ovih drvenih zgrada
ovih drvenih zgrada
11:47
and we're hoping, and I'm hoping,
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i nadamo se i ja se nadam
11:49
that my hometown of Vancouver actually potentially
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da će moj grad Vankuver možda
11:52
announces the world's tallest at around 20 stories
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objaviti najvišu zgradu na svetu
od oko 20 spratova
od oko 20 spratova
11:54
in the not-so-distant future.
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u ne tako dalekoj budućnosti.
11:57
That Eiffel Tower moment will break the ceiling,
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Taj "momenat Ajfelovog tornja"
će probiti plafon,
će probiti plafon,
12:00
these arbitrary ceilings of height,
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taj proizvoljni plafon visine
12:01
and allow wood buildings to join the competition.
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i omogućiti drvenim zgradama
da uđu u trku.
da uđu u trku.
12:04
And I believe the race is ultimately on.
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I mislim da je trka konačno počela.
12:06
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
12:08
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michael Green - ArchitectMichael Green wants to solve architecture’s biggest challenge -- meeting worldwide housing demand without increasing carbon emissions -- by building with carbon-sequestering wood instead of concrete and steel.
Why you should listen
Michael Green is calling for rapid systemic change in the way we build. To end the global housing and climate crises, we need to get past innovation-stifling regulations and well-meaning but misguided ideas popularized by mainstream media. His proposal: Forget steel, straw, concrete, shipping containers, and rammed earth. Use wood to erect urban skyscrapers. “When the Eiffel Tower was built, nobody thought it could be done. Now it’s a symbol of Paris,” Green told the Vancouver Sun. “Projects like it really triggered an innovation on how cities were built. Man moves by innovation and [by] aiming for the moon.”
Green, whose projects range from retail boutiques and housing in North America to a sustainable community in Asia, explores the plausibility of tall wood buildings -- the costs, benefits, and engineering challenges -- in an extensive 2012 white paper. The TED Talent Search winner also teaches and mentors at the University of British Columbia’s School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA).
More profile about the speakerGreen, whose projects range from retail boutiques and housing in North America to a sustainable community in Asia, explores the plausibility of tall wood buildings -- the costs, benefits, and engineering challenges -- in an extensive 2012 white paper. The TED Talent Search winner also teaches and mentors at the University of British Columbia’s School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA).
Michael Green | Speaker | TED.com