ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Drew Philp - Journalist, screenwriter
Drew Philp is the author of "A $500 House in Detroit: Rebuilding an Abandoned Home and an American City," a memoir of rebuilding a former abandoned home while finding his place in his city, country, race and generation.

Why you should listen

Drew Philp is a freelance writer living in his rehabbed house and most often covers inequity in the Midwest for the Guardian. He has hitchhiked the Rustbelt to speak with average Americans about changing manhood and walked to Cleveland from Detroit to speak to postindustrial trump supporters in pursuit of stories. Philp has also been published in BuzzFeed, The Detroit Free Press, De Correspondent and other national and international outlets.

In 2009, Philp bought an abandoned house in Detroit with no windows, plumbing or electricity, which was filled with 10,000 pounds of trash. Living without heat for nearly two years, fighting wild packs of dogs, and harvesting materials from the often burning neighborhood, Philp repaired the house with his own hands and the help of his dynamic community. He lives there with his dog Gratiot. 

Philp has also hitchhiked the US, co-taught a class on race to all white students at the University of Michigan, written scripts in the film industry and taught for many years inside prisons and juvenile justice institutions across the state. His accolades include the Stuart and Vernice Gross award for literature, an 11th Hour Food and Farming Fellowship facilitated by Michael Pollan and a 2017 Kresge Arts in Detroit fellowship.

More profile about the speaker
Drew Philp | Speaker | TED.com
TEDNYC

Drew Philp: My $500 house in Detroit -- and the neighbors who helped me rebuild it

德鲁 · 菲尔普: 我在底特律五百美元的房屋——还有帮我重建的邻居们。

Filmed:
1,348,024 views

在2009年,新闻记者兼剧作家德鲁·菲尔普斯用500美元在底特律买了一个荒废的房屋。在之后的几年,当他清理房屋并移出了成堆的垃圾时,他不仅仅只学会了如何修房子——还认识到了如何建设一个社区,来纪念他依恋的那个城市。菲尔普斯讲述了‘激进的睦邻关系‘并且例证了当政府拒绝帮助时,我们有能力靠我们自己共同重建这个世界。
- Journalist, screenwriter
Drew Philp is the author of "A $500 House in Detroit: Rebuilding an Abandoned Home and an American City," a memoir of rebuilding a former abandoned home while finding his place in his city, country, race and generation. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
In 2009, I bought a house
in Detroit底特律 for 500 dollars美元.
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2009年,我花了500美元
在底特律买了一套房子。
00:17
It had no windows视窗,
no plumbing水暖, no electricity电力
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房子里没有窗户,
没有排水管,没有电,
而且到处都是垃圾。
00:21
and it was filled填充 with trash垃圾.
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00:24
The first floor地板 held保持 nearly几乎
10,000 pounds英镑 of garbage垃圾,
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一楼就有将近一万磅的垃圾,
其中包括残缺的道奇车部件,
00:28
and that included包括 the better part部分
of a Dodge道奇 Caravan大篷车,
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00:31
cut into chunks with a reciprocating往复 saw.
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不过已经被电锯大卸八块了。
(笑声)
00:33
(Laughter笑声)
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00:34
I lived生活 nearly几乎 two years年份 without heat,
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我在没有暖气的条件下
度过了将近两年,
00:36
woke醒来 up out of a dead sleep睡觉
multiple times to gunshots枪声,
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几次在熟睡中被枪声惊醒,
00:40
was attacked袭击 by a pack of wild野生 dogs小狗
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甚至还被一群野狗袭击过。
我的橱柜是从一所
废弃的学校中搞来的,
00:44
and ripped撕开 my kitchen厨房 cabinets橱柜
from an abandoned school学校
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趁着他们把那所学校拆掉的时候。
00:48
as they were actively积极地 tearing撕裂
that school学校 down.
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00:52
This, of course课程, is the Detroit底特律
that your hear about.
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当然了,这正是
你们平时听说到的底特律。
没错,这是真的。
00:55
Make no mistake错误, it's real真实.
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00:58
But there's another另一个 Detroit底特律, too.
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但是还有另一个底特律。
那个底特律更加充满希望,
01:00
Another另一个 Detroit底特律 that's more hopeful有希望,
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01:02
more innovative创新,
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充满创造力,
可能为其他在复苏中挣扎的城市
01:04
and may可能 just provide提供 some of the answers答案
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01:06
to cities城市 struggling奋斗的 to reinvent重塑
themselves他们自己 everywhere到处.
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提供了一些答案。
01:10
These answers答案, however然而, do not
necessarily一定 adhere附着 to conventional常规 wisdom智慧
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但是这些答案不一定
遵从关于良性发展的
01:14
about good development发展.
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常规认知。
01:17
I think Detroit's底特律 real真实 strength强度
boils down to two words:
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我认为底特律真正的长处
可以归结为寥寥几字:
激进的睦邻关系。
01:21
radical激进 neighborliness睦邻友好.
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01:24
And I wasn't able能够 to see it myself
until直到 I lived生活 there.
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我住在那里之后,
才切身感受了到那种关系。
01:28
About a decade ago,
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大概十年前,
01:29
I moved移动 to Detroit底特律 with no friends朋友,
no job工作 and no money,
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我搬到了底特律,没有朋友,
没有工作,也没什么钱,
那时候似乎其他所有人
都在搬离这座城市。
01:33
at a time when it seemed似乎
like everyone大家 else其他 was moving移动 out.
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01:36
Between之间 2000 and 2010,
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2000年到2010年之间,
25%的城市人口离开了这里,
01:39
25 percent百分 of the city's城市的 population人口 left.
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其中包括一半的小学学龄儿童。
01:42
This included包括 about half
of the elementary-aged小学老人 children孩子.
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01:46
This was after six decades几十年 of decline下降.
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这一切发生在六十年的衰退之后。
01:48
A city built内置 for almost几乎 two million百万
was down to less than 800,000.
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一座可容纳两百万人的都市,
人口却锐减至不足八十万。
01:54
What you usually平时 don't hear
is that people didn't go very far.
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但人们通常不了解的是,
那些人并没有走远。
01:58
The population人口 of the Detroit底特律
metro地铁 area itself本身
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整个底特律都会区的人口,
自70年代以来基本保持稳定。
02:02
has largely大部分 remained保持 steady稳定
since以来 the '70s.
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02:05
Most people who left Detroit底特律
just went to the suburbs郊区,
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大多数人只是离开了
市中心来到了城郊,
02:08
while the 139 square广场 miles英里
of the city deteriorated恶化,
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当这座城市139平方英里的
土地都在衰退,
02:12
leaving离开 some estimates估计 as high
as 40 square广场 miles英里 of abandoned land土地 --
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包括40平方英里的废弃土地——
大概相当于一个旧金山的面积。
02:17
about the size尺寸 of San Francisco弗朗西斯科.
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02:21
Aside在旁边 from platitudes老生常谈 such这样 as the vague模糊
and agentless无代理 "deindustrialization非工业化,"
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除了泛泛而谈的
“去工业化”这样的陈词滥调,
人口从底特律撤出的动机
可以被归结于两种结构:
02:25
Detroit's底特律 exodus出埃及记 can be summed总结 up
with two structures结构:
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高速公路和墙。
02:28
freeways高速公路 and walls墙壁.
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02:31
The freeways高速公路,
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对于高速公路,
02:32
coupled耦合 with massive大规模的
governmental政府 subsidies补贴
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政府通过建设基础设施
和发放家庭贷款,
02:35
for the suburbs郊区 via通过
infrastructure基础设施 and home loans贷款,
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对城郊提供了大量的补助,
因此人们可以任意离开城市,
02:39
allowed允许 people to leave离开 the city at will,
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02:41
taking服用 with it tax base基础,
jobs工作 and education教育 dollars美元.
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离开的同时可以带着税基,
工作以及教育资金。
02:46
The walls墙壁 made制作 sure
only certain某些 people could leave离开.
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墙壁则确保了
只有特定的人可以离开。
02:50
In multiple places地方,
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在一些地方,
02:51
brick and concrete具体 walls墙壁
separate分离 city and suburbs郊区,
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砖墙和水泥墙分隔了城市和城郊,
以及白人和黑人,
02:55
white白色 and black黑色,
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它们直接横穿市政道路和街区,
02:56
running赛跑 directly across横过 municipal市政 streets街道
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穿过近邻社区。
02:58
and through通过 neighborhoods社区.
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03:00
They're mere physical物理 manifestations表现
of racist种族主义者 housing住房 practices做法
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这些安置划分案例只是
种族主义的一种实际表现而已,
诸如划红线注销,
03:04
such这样 as redlining红线,
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03:05
[Denying否认 services服务 to people of color颜色]
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[拒绝向有色人种提供服务]
限制性条约,
03:07
restrictive限制 covenants公约
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03:09
and outright公然 terror恐怖.
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还有彻头彻尾的恐怖威胁。
03:11
In 1971, the Ku Klux三K Klan三K党
bombed轰炸 10 school学校 buses公共汽车
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1971年,
3K党炸毁了十辆校车,
就为了不让它们接送有色学生。
03:15
rather than have them transport运输
integrated集成 students学生们.
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03:19
All these have made制作 Detroit底特律
the most racially种族 segregated隔离 metro地铁 area
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这一切把底特律变成了
美国种族隔离现象
最严重的都会区。
03:23
in the United联合的 States状态.
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03:26
I grew成长 up in a small town in Michigan密歇根州,
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我在密歇根的一座小镇长大,
03:28
the son儿子 of a relatively相对
blue-collar蓝领 family家庭.
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家庭成员属于蓝领阶级。
03:31
And after university大学,
I wanted to do something --
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大学后,我想过做些什么——
可能是很天真的想法——
03:33
probably大概 naïvelyvely --
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来提供帮助。
03:35
to help.
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03:36
I didn't want to be one of the almost几乎
50 percent百分 of college学院 graduates毕业生
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有将近百分之五十的毕业生
会离开密歇根,
但我不想成为其中之一。
03:40
leaving离开 the state at the time,
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并且我觉得我可以
用我光鲜的教育背景,
03:42
and I thought I might威力 use
my fancy幻想 college学院 education教育 at home
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在家里做些积极的事情。
03:45
for something positive.
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03:47
I'd been reading this great
American美国 philosopher哲学家 named命名 Grace恩典 Lee背风处 Boggs博格斯
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我当时一直在读伟大的美国哲学家
格蕾丝 · 李 · 博格斯的著作,
正巧她就住在底特律,
03:51
who happened发生 to live生活 in Detroit底特律,
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03:53
and she said something I can't forget忘记.
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她说过一句令我永生难忘的话。
03:56
"The most radical激进 thing
that I ever did was to stay put."
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“我所做过的最激进的事情,
就是维持现状。"
04:02
I thought buying购买 a house might威力
indelibly不可磨灭 tie领带 me to the city
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我觉得买房可能会把我
牢牢地与这座城市绑在一起,
实质上这样做也有
反对这些墙和高速公路的意思。
04:06
while acting演戏 as a physical物理 protest抗议
to these walls墙壁 and freeways高速公路.
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04:10
Because grants补助 and loans贷款
weren't available可得到 to everyone大家,
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因为这些补助和贷款
并不是面向每一个人的,
04:12
I decided决定 I was going
to do this without them
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所以我决定不用这笔钱买房。
我要以个人的名义
04:15
and that I would wage工资 my personal个人 fight斗争
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与这座利用权力工具
困扰了我童年的城市对抗。
04:16
against反对 the city that had loomed迫近
over my childhood童年 with power功率 tools工具.
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04:21
I eventually终于 found发现 an abandoned house
in a neighborhood邻里 called PoletownPoletown.
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最终我在一块叫波尔镇的街区
找到了一处废弃的房子。
04:25
It looked看着 like the apocalypse启示
had descended下降.
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房子看上去就像是
经历了天启浩劫一样。
04:28
The neighborhood邻里 was prairie草原 land土地.
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这块街区简直就是片牧场,
04:30
A huge巨大, open打开 expanse广阔 of waist-high齐腰高 grass
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一块广袤,杂草及腰的开阔地,
上面堆着残破的废弃建筑,
04:33
cluttered凌乱 only by a handful少数
of crippled, abandoned structures结构
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还有寥寥几位仍在坚持着的人,
和他们维护得还不错的家。
04:36
and a few少数 brave勇敢 holdouts钉子户
with well-kept保存良好 homes家园.
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04:40
Just a 15-minute-分钟 bike自行车 ride
from the baseball棒球 stadium体育场 downtown市中心,
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到市区的垒球场骑自行车
只需要十五分钟,
这里的街区和乡下一样。
04:45
the neighborhood邻里 was positively积极 rural乡村.
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04:48
What houses房屋 were left looked看着 like
cardboard纸板 boxes盒子 left in the rain;
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余下的房子就像是
雨中的硬纸箱一样,
两层的畸形结构,外露的墙壁,
04:52
two-story二层 monstrosities怪物
with wide-open张大 shells炮弹
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还有难以分辨的走廊。
04:55
and melted融化了 porches门廊.
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04:57
One of the most striking引人注目 things
I remember记得 were the rosebushes玫瑰丛,
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我印象最深的是那些
被人遗忘的玫瑰丛,
在倒塌的围栏上狂野生长,
05:00
forgotten忘记了 and running赛跑 wild野生
over tumbled-down暴跌 fences围栏,
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却又无人在意。
05:04
no longer cared照顾 for by anyone任何人.
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05:07
This was my house on the day
I boarded登上 it up
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这就是我用木板把房子
遮起来的样子,
以减轻天气的影响和进一步侵蚀。
05:10
to protect保护 it from the elements分子
and further进一步 decay衰变.
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05:13
I eventually终于 purchased购买 it
from the county in a live生活 auction拍卖.
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最后我从州政府手里
通过拍卖买下了它。
我认为这块街区已经毫无生机,
05:16
I'd assumed假定 the neighborhood邻里 was dead.
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05:18
That I was some kind of pioneer先锋.
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而我也算是个拓荒者。
05:22
Well, I couldn't不能 have been more wrong错误.
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然而,我大错特错了。
05:24
I was in no way a pioneer先锋,
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我根本不是什么拓荒者,
05:26
and would come to understand理解
how offensive进攻 that is.
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同时也意识到了这种想法有多鲁莽。
05:29
One of the first things I learned学到了
was to add my voice语音 to the chorus合唱,
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我最先知道的几件事之一,
便是能在社区管理中占有一席之地,
而不是重写这里的历史。
05:33
not overwrite覆盖 what was already已经 happening事件.
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05:36
(Voice语音 breaking破坏) Because
the neighborhood邻里 hadn't有没有 died死亡.
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(声音颤抖地)
因为这街区并没有消逝,
它已经通过一种方式转变了,
而如果你没有在这里住过
05:38
It had just transformed改造 in a way
that was difficult to see
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就很难察觉。
05:41
if you didn't live生活 there.
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05:43
PoletownPoletown was home
to an incredibly令人难以置信 resourceful足智多谋,
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波尔镇属于一个资源极其丰富,
05:45
incredibly令人难以置信 intelligent智能
and incredibly令人难以置信 resilient弹性 community社区.
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人们极其聪明,富有生机的社区。
05:50
It was there I first experienced有经验的
the power功率 of radical激进 neighborliness睦邻友好.
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那是我第一次感受到
激进的睦邻力量。
05:55
During the year I worked工作
on my house before moving移动 in,
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在搬过来前,我在房子里
办公的那段时间,
我生活在波尔镇中的一个小街区,
05:58
I lived生活 in a microcommunitymicrocommunity
inside PoletownPoletown,
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06:01
founded成立 by a wild野生 and virtuous farmer农民
named命名 Paul保罗 WeertzWeertz.
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那个街区是由保罗 · 威兹,
一个粗犷但善良的农场主建起的。
06:05
Paul保罗 was a teacher老师
in a Detroit底特律 public上市 school学校
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保罗曾经是底特律公立学校的一名教师,
为怀孕并且需要教育子女的母亲们授课。
06:08
for pregnant and parenting育儿 mothers母亲,
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06:09
and his idea理念 was to teach
the young年轻 women妇女 to raise提高 their children孩子
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他的想法是:让年轻妇女养育子女前,
先让她们养育植物和动物。
06:12
by first raising提高 plants植物 and animals动物.
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06:15
While the national国民 average平均 graduation毕业 rate
for pregnant teens青少年 is about 40 percent百分,
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当时全国孕妇的平均毕业率
仅有40%左右,
相比之下,凯瑟琳 · 弗格森学院的
毕业率却经常高于90%。
06:20
at Catherine凯瑟琳 Ferguson弗格森 Academy学院
it was often经常 above以上 90,
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这要部分归功于保罗的独创性。
06:23
in part部分 due应有 to Paul's保罗 ingenuity创造力.
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06:25
Paul保罗 brought much of this innovation革新
to his block in PoletownPoletown,
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保罗将这样的创新
带到了他的波尔镇街区,
他管理了30多年的地方,
06:28
which哪一个 he'd他会 stewarded一家或者多家
for more than 30 years年份,
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当房子被遗弃时,
保罗买下了它们,
06:31
purchasing购买 houses房屋
when they were abandoned,
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一边说服他的朋友搬过来,
一边劝说邻居们留下。
06:33
convincing使人信服 his friends朋友 to move移动 in
and neighbors邻居 to stay
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此外还帮助那些想购买
私人房屋的人们进行规划。
06:36
and helping帮助 those who wanted
to buy购买 their own拥有 and fix固定 them up.
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06:40
In a neighborhood邻里 where many许多 blocks
now only hold保持 one or two houses房屋,
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在一个每条街区只留下了
一到两个房屋的社区内,
保罗所在的街区却依然充满生机。
06:44
all the homes家园 on Paul's保罗 block stand.
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这对于社区的能力
是一个艰难的考验。
06:47
It's an incredible难以置信 testament遗嘱
to the power功率 of community社区,
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你呆在一个地方,
06:49
to staying in one place地点
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却需要对你周边的
地区履行所有权——
06:50
and to taking服用 ownership所有权
of one's那些 own拥有 surroundings环境 --
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而且仅仅由你自己实现。
06:53
of simply只是 doing it yourself你自己.
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06:56
It's the kind of place地点 where black黑色 doctors医生
live生活 next下一个 to white白色 hipsters时髦
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这里充斥着形形色色的人。
黑人医生们与白人嬉皮士,
匈牙利的移民母亲为邻,
07:00
next下一个 to immigrant移民 mothers母亲 from Hungary匈牙利
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或者伯利兹城雨林中
才华横溢的作家,
07:02
or talented天才 writers作家
from the jungles丛林 of Belize伯利兹,
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向我展现了一个
不仅只有黑人和白人,
07:04
showing展示 me Detroit底特律
wasn't just black黑色 and white白色,
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和促进多样性过程中所衍生出的
欣欣向荣的底特律。
07:07
and diversity多样 could flourish繁荣
when it's encouraged鼓励.
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07:10
Each year, neighbors邻居 assemble集合 to bale hay干草
for the farm农场 animals动物 on the block,
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每年,家家户户聚在一起
为街区牧场里的动物们捆干草,
同时也使我懂得
当一群人共同努力时
07:14
teaching教学 me just how much
a small group of people can get doneDONE
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所能实现的成绩,
07:18
when they work together一起,
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以及充满幻想而又实际的
想法的吸引力。
07:19
and the magnetism磁性 of fantastical荒诞
yet然而 practical实际的 ideas思路.
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07:24
Radical激进 neighborliness睦邻友好 is every一切 house
behind背后 Paul's保罗 block burning燃烧 down,
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激进的睦邻关系是,当保罗街区后的
所有房屋被焚烧后,
保罗和临近社区的居民并没有
让垃圾和失望充斥其中,
07:29
and instead代替 of letting出租 it fill up
with trash垃圾 and despair绝望,
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而是为任何想要花园的人
07:32
Paul保罗 and the surrounding周围 community社区
creating创建 a giant巨人 circular garden花园
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建起了一个巨大的圆形花园,
一个被几十棵果树,蜂巢以及园地
07:35
ringed环状的 with dozens许多 of fruit水果 trees树木,
beehives蜂箱 and garden花园 plots地块
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所环绕的地方,
07:39
for anyone任何人 that wants one,
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这使我理解了挑战经常也
可以成为我们的财富。
07:41
helping帮助 me see that our challenges挑战
can often经常 be assets资产.
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07:45
It's where residents居民 are experimenting试验
with renewable可再生 energy能源 and urban城市的 farming农业
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保罗的社区是一个居民们尝试
使用新型能源和城市农耕,
并且将他们的技能和发现
提供给他人的地方。
07:49
and offering their skills技能
and discoveries发现 to others其他,
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这体现了我们并不需要乞求政府
07:52
illustrating说明 we don't necessarily一定
have to beg the government政府
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来为我们出谋划策。
07:55
to provide提供 solutions解决方案.
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我们可以自力更生。
07:56
We can start开始 ourselves我们自己.
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07:58
It's where, for months个月,
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在这里,几个月来,
07:59
one of my neighbors邻居
left her front面前 door unlocked解锁
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在全美最暴力
且危险的一座城市中,
我的一位邻居却常常不锁前门,
08:02
in one of the most violent暴力
and dangerous危险 cities城市 in America美国
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就是为了我可以在
需要去工作的时候冲个澡,
08:04
so I could have a shower淋浴
whenever每当 I needed需要 to go to work,
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因为当时我家里没有淋浴。
08:07
as I didn't yet然而 have one.
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08:10
It was when it came来了 time to raise提高
the beam光束 on my own拥有 house
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激进的睦邻关系也是,
当我给自己的房子装上横梁,
来支撑高处的架构——
08:13
that holds持有 the structure结构体 aloft高举 --
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08:14
a beam光束 that I cut out of an abandoned
recycling回收 factory down the street
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横梁是我从街边一个
废品回收工厂中找到的,
那时这个工厂已经快成废墟了——
08:18
when not a single wall
was left standing常设 --
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十几个波尔镇居民赶来,
以孟诺教派的风格来帮助升起它。
08:20
a dozen residents居民 of PoletownPoletown
showed显示 up to help lift电梯 it, Amish阿米什 style样式.
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08:25
Radical激进 neighborliness睦邻友好 is a zygote受精卵
that grows成长 into a worldview世界观
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激进的睦邻关系是一颗种子,
它会变成一种世界观,最终
以尊重人类和环境的方式
08:29
that ends结束 up in homes家园 and communities社区
rebuilt重建 in ways方法 that respect尊重 humanity人性
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重建家园和社区。
08:33
and the environment环境.
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08:34
It's realizing实现 we have the power功率
to create创建 the world世界 anew重新 together一起
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毋庸置疑,我们有能力重建这个世界,
并且当政府拒绝重建时,
将由我们自己实现。
08:38
and to do it ourselves我们自己
when our governments政府 refuse垃圾.
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08:42
This is the Detroit底特律 that you
don't hear much about.
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这是一个你从未听闻的底特律。
08:45
The Detroit底特律 between之间
the ruin废墟 pornA片 on one hand
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一面是颓废的景象,
另一面则有时尚咖啡店
08:48
and the hipster潮人 coffee咖啡 shops商店
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和亿万富翁在拯救着这个城市。
08:50
and billionaires亿万富翁
saving保存 the city on the other.
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08:53
There's a third第三 way to rebuild重建,
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还有第三种重建的方法,
08:55
and it declines下降 to make
the same相同 mistakes错误 of the past过去.
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它已经走向没落,
重复犯着过去的错误。
08:59
While building建造 my house,
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当我建造我的房子时,
发现了一些我不知道
自己正在寻找的东西——
09:00
I found发现 something
I didn't know I was looking for --
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也是许多千禧一代
09:02
what a lot of millennials千禧
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和搬至城市的人正在寻找的。
09:04
and people who are moving移动
back to cities城市 are looking for.
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09:07
Radical激进 neighborliness睦邻友好 is just
another另一个 word for true真正 community社区,
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激进的睦邻关系只是
另一个描述真实社区的词汇,
被记忆和历史,
09:11
the kind bound my memory记忆 and history历史,
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09:13
mutual相互 trust相信 and familiarity熟悉
built内置 over years年份 and irreplaceable不可替代.
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以及几年前相互建立起的,愈发
无可替代的信任和熟悉感牢牢拴在一起。
09:18
And now, as you may可能 have heard听说,
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现在,你也许已经听说,
底特律正在复兴,
09:20
Detroit底特律 is having a renaissance再生
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09:22
and pulling itself本身 up
from the ashes灰烬 of despair绝望,
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走出那片绝望的灰烬,
那些离开的子子孙孙们
也正在归途中,
09:25
and the children孩子 and grandchildren孙子
of those who fled逃离 are returning回国,
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这是真的。
09:28
which哪一个 is true真正.
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09:31
What isn't true真正 is that this renaissance再生
is reaching到达 most DetroitersDetroiters,
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然而,这股复兴潮
并未席卷每个底特律人,
或者说只有一小部分的
底特律人参与了复兴,
09:34
or even more than a small fraction分数 of them
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09:36
that don't live生活 in the central中央
areas of the city.
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但却没有体现在
中心市区的人们身上。
09:39
These are the kind of people
that have been in Detroit底特律 for generations
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这便是已世世代代
生活在底特律的人们,
大多数是黑人。
09:43
and are mostly大多 black黑色.
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09:44
In 2016 alone单独,
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单是2016年,
就是去年,
09:46
just last year,
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09:48
(Voice语音 breaking破坏) one in six
houses房屋 in Detroit底特律
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(声音颤抖地)在底特律,
每六个房子中就有一个
09:51
had their water shut关闭 off.
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被停水。
09:55
Excuse借口 me.
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对不起。
09:58
The United联合的 Nations国家 has called this
a violation违反 of human人的 rights权利.
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这种行为已被联合国称作违反人权。
10:03
And since以来 2005, one in three houses房屋 --
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不仅如此,自从2005年,
每三个房子中就有一个 ——
请想象一下 ——
10:06
think about this, please --
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10:09
one in every一切 three houses房屋
has been foreclosed止 赎 in the city,
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每三个房子中就有一个
被撤销了抵押品赎回权。
相当于纽约州水牛城的人口数量。
10:13
representing代表 a population人口
about the size尺寸 of Buffalo水牛, New York纽约.
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10:17
(Sniffles流 鼻涕)
200
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(抽噎)
10:19
One in three houses房屋 foreclosed止 赎 is not
a crisis危机 of personal个人 responsibility责任;
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被取消了抵押品赎回权的房屋中有
三分之一并不是因为个人危机造成,
这是系统性的。
10:24
it is systemic系统的.
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10:26
Many许多 DetroitersDetroiters, myself included包括,
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许多底特律人,包括我自己,
在复兴之初从原来担心种族隔离,
10:29
are worried担心 segregation隔离
is now returning回国 to the city itself本身
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到现在回到了城市。
10:33
on the coattails提携 of this renaissance再生.
205
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10:38
Ten years年份 ago,
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十年前,
在底特律自还不可能找到
10:39
it was not possible可能
to go anywhere随地 in Detroit底特律
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10:41
and be in a crowd人群
completely全然 made制作 of white白色 people.
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一个完全由白人组成的群体。
令人忧心的是,现在
这已经已成为了可能。
10:45
Now, troublinglytroublingly, that is possible可能.
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10:48
This is the price价钱 that we're paying付款
for conventional常规 economic经济 resurgence再起.
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这是我们为传统经济复苏付出的代价。
我们正在创造两个底特律,
两个阶级的市民,
10:54
We're creating创建 two Detroits底特律,
two classes of citizens公民,
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将这个社区分解。
10:58
cracking开裂 the community社区 apart距离.
212
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1761
11:00
For all the money and subsidies补贴,
213
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1648
为了所有的钱和救助金,
11:02
for all the streetlights路灯 installed安装,
214
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为了所有装配的路灯,
11:04
the dollars美元 for new stadiums体育场馆
and slick华而不实的 advertisements广告
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2845
为了用于新体育馆和
华而不实的广告的美元,
还有良好的口碑,
11:06
and positive buzz蜂鸣器,
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11:08
we're shutting关闭 off water
to tens of thousands数千 of people
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我们在给上万人停水,
而他们就是住在五大湖旁的人,
11:12
living活的 right on the Great Lakes,
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1748
五大湖是世界上最大的水源。
11:14
the world's世界 largest最大 source资源 of it.
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11:17
Separate分离 has always meant意味着 unequal不等.
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隔离总代表着不平等。
11:20
This is a grave mistake错误 for all of us.
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对我们来说这是一个严重的错误。
11:24
When economic经济 development发展
comes at the cost成本 of community社区,
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当经济在以社区为代价进行发展,
受害的不仅仅是那些失去了房子的人,
11:26
it's not just those
who have lost丢失 their homes家园
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2187
或者那些房子靠近水源的人。
11:29
or access访问 to water who are harmed伤害,
224
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1937
11:31
but it breaks休息 little pieces
of our own拥有 humanity人性 as well.
225
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3672
它也将我们自己的人性
弄得支离破碎。
11:38
None没有 of us can truly be free自由,
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我们无法做到绝对自由,
11:40
none没有 of us can truly be comfortable自在,
227
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我们无法做到绝对舒适,
直到我们的邻居也加入进来。
11:42
until直到 our neighbors邻居 are, too.
228
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1732
11:44
For those of us coming未来 in,
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对于我们那些搬过来的人,
11:46
it means手段 we must必须 make sure
we aren't inadvertently不经意间 contributing贡献
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2995
我们必须保证我们不是间接地
再次毁坏这里的社区,
11:49
to the destruction毁坏 of community社区 again,
231
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2209
而是要跟随着那些
11:51
and to follow跟随 the lead
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1151
11:53
of those who have been working加工
on these problems问题 for years年份.
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2991
已经花了数年解决这些问题的人。
在底特律,那意味着
市民们要代表他们自己,
11:56
In Detroit底特律, that means手段 average平均 citizens公民
deputizing代理 themselves他们自己
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来为水资源匮乏和交通不便的
地方建造水站和运输站。
12:00
to create创建 water stations and deliveries交付
for those who have lost丢失 access访问 to it.
235
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3677
12:04
Or clergy牧师 and teachers教师
engaging in civil国内 disobedience不服从
236
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2759
或者牧师和教师们
通过非暴力抗争,
来阻止切断水源的卡车。
12:07
to block water shutoff关闭 trucks卡车.
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1747
12:09
It's organizations组织 buying购买 back
foreclosed止 赎 homes家园 for their inhabitants居民
238
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3866
一些组织们为他们的居民
买回了取消抵押品赎回权的房屋,
或者通过社会媒体和志愿者热线
12:13
or fighting战斗 misinformation误传
on forced被迫 sales销售 through通过 social社会 media媒体
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3342
与强制销售的错误信息做斗争。
12:16
and volunteer-run志愿者经营 hotlines热线.
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12:19
For me, it means手段 helping帮助 others其他
to raise提高 the beams
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在我看来,这意味着帮助
其他人将横梁升起,
放到他们之前丢弃的房屋上,
12:21
on their own拥有 formerly以前 abandoned houses房屋,
242
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2218
或者教育那些有特权的人,
12:24
or helping帮助 to educate教育
those with privilege特权,
243
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2187
他们正在大量的向其他城市搬迁,
12:26
now increasingly日益 moving移动 into cities城市,
244
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1984
12:28
how we might威力 come in and support支持
245
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要让他们知道如何扶持既有的社区,
12:30
rather than stress强调 existing现有 communities社区.
246
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2275
而不是对其施以压力。
这也意味着,一些邻居们决定一起出钱
12:32
It's chipping碎裂 in when
a small group of neighbors邻居 decides决定
247
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去买回一个已被撤销
抵押品赎回权的房子,
12:35
to buy购买 back a foreclosed止 赎 home
248
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1797
12:37
and return返回 the deeds行为 to the occupants居住者.
249
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2154
并将房产契归还给原房产所有者。
12:40
And for you, for all of us,
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2605
对于你,对于我们所有人,
它意味着我们要在
自己的社区中发挥作用。
12:42
it means手段 finding发现 a role角色 to play
in our own拥有 communities社区.
251
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12:46
It means手段 living活的 your life as a reflection反射
of the world世界 that you want to live生活 in.
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也意味着你生活中的一举一动都会
反映出你所期待的世界的样子。
这意味着相信那些
最了解这些问题的人——
12:51
It means手段 trusting信任的 those
who know the problems问题 best最好 --
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那些身陷这些问题中的人——
12:54
the people who live生活 them --
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有着最好的解决方案。
12:56
with solutions解决方案.
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12:58
I know a third第三 way is possible可能
because I have lived生活 it.
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我知道有可能存在第三种方法,
因为我亲身经历过。
13:02
I live生活 it right now
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我正身处一个叫
13:07
in a neighborhood邻里 called PoletownPoletown
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‘波尔镇’的社区,
世界上受到最多诽谤的城市之一。
13:08
in one of the most
maligned非议 cities城市 in the world世界.
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13:11
If we can do it in Detroit底特律,
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如果我们可以在底特律做到,
13:13
you can do it wherever哪里 you're from, too.
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无论你来自何处,
你同样可以做到。
13:16
What I've learned学到了 over the last decade,
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这是我前十年所学到的:
建造我的房子,
13:18
building建造 my house,
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并不全是装电线,
装水管或做木工一类的事情,
13:19
wasn't so much about wiring接线
or plumbing水暖 or carpentry木工 --
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13:22
although虽然 I did learn学习 these things --
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不过我也的确学会了这些东西——
13:25
is that true真正 change更改, real真实 change更改,
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那些真正的改变
从社区开始,
13:28
starts启动 first with community社区,
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发扬着一种激进的观念:
如何做一个好邻居。
13:30
with a radical激进 sense
of what it means手段 to be a neighbor邻居.
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13:34
It turned转身 at least最小 one
abandoned house into a home.
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它至少将一个被遗弃的
房屋变成了温馨的家。
13:38
Thank you.
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谢谢。
13:39
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Homer Li

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Drew Philp - Journalist, screenwriter
Drew Philp is the author of "A $500 House in Detroit: Rebuilding an Abandoned Home and an American City," a memoir of rebuilding a former abandoned home while finding his place in his city, country, race and generation.

Why you should listen

Drew Philp is a freelance writer living in his rehabbed house and most often covers inequity in the Midwest for the Guardian. He has hitchhiked the Rustbelt to speak with average Americans about changing manhood and walked to Cleveland from Detroit to speak to postindustrial trump supporters in pursuit of stories. Philp has also been published in BuzzFeed, The Detroit Free Press, De Correspondent and other national and international outlets.

In 2009, Philp bought an abandoned house in Detroit with no windows, plumbing or electricity, which was filled with 10,000 pounds of trash. Living without heat for nearly two years, fighting wild packs of dogs, and harvesting materials from the often burning neighborhood, Philp repaired the house with his own hands and the help of his dynamic community. He lives there with his dog Gratiot. 

Philp has also hitchhiked the US, co-taught a class on race to all white students at the University of Michigan, written scripts in the film industry and taught for many years inside prisons and juvenile justice institutions across the state. His accolades include the Stuart and Vernice Gross award for literature, an 11th Hour Food and Farming Fellowship facilitated by Michael Pollan and a 2017 Kresge Arts in Detroit fellowship.

More profile about the speaker
Drew Philp | Speaker | TED.com