ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Drew Philp - Journalist, screenwriter
Drew Philp is the author of "A $500 House in Detroit: Rebuilding an Abandoned Home and an American City," a memoir of rebuilding a former abandoned home while finding his place in his city, country, race and generation.

Why you should listen

Drew Philp is a freelance writer living in his rehabbed house and most often covers inequity in the Midwest for the Guardian. He has hitchhiked the Rustbelt to speak with average Americans about changing manhood and walked to Cleveland from Detroit to speak to postindustrial trump supporters in pursuit of stories. Philp has also been published in BuzzFeed, The Detroit Free Press, De Correspondent and other national and international outlets.

In 2009, Philp bought an abandoned house in Detroit with no windows, plumbing or electricity, which was filled with 10,000 pounds of trash. Living without heat for nearly two years, fighting wild packs of dogs, and harvesting materials from the often burning neighborhood, Philp repaired the house with his own hands and the help of his dynamic community. He lives there with his dog Gratiot. 

Philp has also hitchhiked the US, co-taught a class on race to all white students at the University of Michigan, written scripts in the film industry and taught for many years inside prisons and juvenile justice institutions across the state. His accolades include the Stuart and Vernice Gross award for literature, an 11th Hour Food and Farming Fellowship facilitated by Michael Pollan and a 2017 Kresge Arts in Detroit fellowship.

More profile about the speaker
Drew Philp | Speaker | TED.com
TEDNYC

Drew Philp: My $500 house in Detroit -- and the neighbors who helped me rebuild it

德魯 ‧ 菲利普: 我在底特律的五百元房子和協助我重建的鄰居

Filmed:
1,348,024 views

2009 年,記者兼編劇德魯菲利普用 $500 在底特律買了一間損壞的房子。在後續幾年,他清理內部和房中塞滿的一大堆垃圾。他不只學到如何修復房子,還有如何建立社區。這是場獻給他所愛的城市的演說,在演說中,菲利普告訴我們「積極的睦鄰」是什麼,以及證明我們有「可以同心協力創造新世界的力量,在政府拒絕的時候,我們可以自己動手。」
- Journalist, screenwriter
Drew Philp is the author of "A $500 House in Detroit: Rebuilding an Abandoned Home and an American City," a memoir of rebuilding a former abandoned home while finding his place in his city, country, race and generation. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
In 2009, I bought a house
in Detroit底特律 for 500 dollars美元.
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2009 年,我在底特律買了
一間房子,價格是 500 美元。
00:17
It had no windows視窗,
no plumbing水暖, no electricity電力
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這間房子沒有窗戶、
沒有抽水馬桶、沒有電力,
00:21
and it was filled填充 with trash垃圾.
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裡面還滿是垃圾。
00:24
The first floor地板 held保持 nearly幾乎
10,000 pounds英鎊 of garbage垃圾,
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一樓就有近 4500 公斤的垃圾,
00:28
and that included包括 the better part部分
of a Dodge躲閃 Caravan大篷車,
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其中包括一輛道奇
Caravan 比較好的部分,
00:31
cut into chunks with a reciprocating往復 saw.
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但它被電鋸分割成了數塊。
00:33
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
00:34
I lived生活 nearly幾乎 two years年份 without heat,
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我住了近兩年沒暖氣,
00:36
woke醒來 up out of a dead sleep睡覺
multiple times to gunshots槍聲,
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多次在沉睡中被槍聲驚醒,
00:40
was attacked襲擊 by a pack of wild野生 dogs小狗
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被野狗群攻擊,
00:44
and ripped撕開 my kitchen廚房 cabinets櫥櫃
from an abandoned school學校
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我的櫥櫃是從一間廢棄學校拿來的,
00:48
as they were actively積極地 tearing撕裂
that school學校 down.
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當時他們正積極地拆除學校。
00:52
This, of course課程, is the Detroit底特律
that your hear about.
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當然,這是你們聽說的底特律。
00:55
Make no mistake錯誤, it's real真實.
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沒有錯,這是真的。
00:58
But there's another另一個 Detroit底特律, too.
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但也還有另一個底特律。
01:00
Another另一個 Detroit底特律 that's more hopeful有希望,
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那個底特律更有希望、
01:02
more innovative創新,
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更創新,
01:04
and may可能 just provide提供 some of the answers答案
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或可提供一些答案
01:06
to cities城市 struggling奮鬥的 to reinvent重塑
themselves他們自己 everywhere到處.
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給各地正在努力自我改造的城市。。
01:10
These answers答案, however然而, do not
necessarily一定 adhere附著 to conventional常規 wisdom智慧
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然而,這些答案不見得會
符合大家對於
「好的開發」的傳統認知。
01:14
about good development發展.
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01:17
I think Detroit's底特律 real真實 strength強度
boils down to two words:
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我認為底特律的優點
可以歸結為五個字:
01:21
radical激進 neighborliness睦鄰友好.
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積極的睦鄰。
01:24
And I wasn't able能夠 to see it myself
until直到 I lived生活 there.
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而在我住到那裡之前,
我都無法看見這一點。
01:28
About a decade ago,
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大約在 10 年前,
01:29
I moved移動 to Detroit底特律 with no friends朋友,
no job工作 and no money,
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我搬到底特律,沒有朋友、
沒有工作、沒有錢,
01:33
at a time when it seemed似乎
like everyone大家 else其他 was moving移動 out.
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那個時候,似乎所有人
都在搬出底特律。
01:36
Between之間 2000 and 2010,
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2000 至 2010 年間,
01:39
25 percent百分 of the city's城市的 population人口 left.
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全市人口有 25 % 離開了。
01:42
This included包括 about half
of the elementary-aged初級年齡 children孩子.
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其中約包括一半的小學年紀的學童。
01:46
This was after six decades幾十年 of decline下降.
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這發生在長達 60 年的衰退之後。
01:48
A city built內置 for almost幾乎 two million百萬
was down to less than 800,000.
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這座城市是為了容納 200 萬人
建造,現在卻只剩下 80 萬人。
01:54
What you usually平時 don't hear
is that people didn't go very far.
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我們通常不會聽到的是,
大家並沒有走遠。
01:58
The population人口 of the Detroit底特律
metro地鐵 area itself本身
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底特律市區本身的人口
02:02
has largely大部分 remained保持 steady穩定
since以來 the '70s.
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在 70 年代之後就大致上穩定了。
02:05
Most people who left Detroit底特律
just went to the suburbs郊區,
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大部分離開底特律的人
只是搬到近郊去,
02:08
while the 139 square廣場 miles英里
of the city deteriorated惡化,
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但城市有 22 萬平方公尺的
面積都惡化了,
02:12
leaving離開 some estimates估計 as high
as 40 square廣場 miles英里 of abandoned land土地 --
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估計約有高達 6 萬平公尺
的廢棄土地,
02:17
about the size尺寸 of San Francisco弗朗西斯科.
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這大約是舊金山市的大小。
02:21
Aside在旁邊 from platitudes老生常談 such這樣 as the vague模糊
and agentless代理 "deindustrialization工業化,"
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除了模糊且不負責任的
「反工業化」陳詞濫調,
02:25
Detroit's底特律 exodus出埃及記 can be summed總結 up
with two structures結構:
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底特律大量的人口外移
可以用兩種結構來總結:
02:28
freeways高速公路 and walls牆壁.
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高速公路和牆壁。
02:31
The freeways高速公路,
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高速公路,
02:32
coupled耦合 with massive大規模的
governmental政府 subsidies補貼
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透過基礎建設和家庭貸款,
02:35
for the suburbs郊區 via通過
infrastructure基礎設施 and home loans貸款,
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和政府對近郊的大量補助綁在一起,
讓大家能夠自由地離開城市,
02:39
allowed允許 people to leave離開 the city at will,
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把稅金、工作和教育基金一起帶走。
02:41
taking服用 with it tax base基礎,
jobs工作 and education教育 dollars美元.
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02:46
The walls牆壁 made製作 sure
only certain某些 people could leave離開.
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牆壁則是確保只有某些人能夠離開,
02:50
In multiple places地方,
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在許多地方,
磗頭和水泥牆阻隔了城市與近郊,
02:51
brick and concrete具體 walls牆壁
separate分離 city and suburbs郊區,
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02:55
white白色 and black黑色,
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黑人與白人,
02:56
running賽跑 directly across橫過 municipal市政 streets街道
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跨越過城市的街道、
02:58
and through通過 neighborhoods社區.
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穿過社區。
03:00
They're mere physical物理 manifestations表現
of racist種族主義者 housing住房 practices做法
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它們是種族主義的真實呈現,
03:04
such這樣 as redlining圈閱,
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比如畫紅線、
【拒絕提供服務、房貸給有色人種】
03:05
[Denying否認 services服務 to people of color顏色]
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限制契約 【屋主、建商和市政組織
達成共識,拒絕賣房給有色人種】
03:07
restrictive限制 covenants公約
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03:09
and outright公然 terror恐怖.
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和徹頭徹尾的恐怖。
【炸彈攻擊、縱火和謀殺】
03:11
In 1971, the Ku Klux三K Klan三K黨
bombed轟炸 10 school學校 buses公共汽車
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1971 年,3K黨炸了十台校車,
只因為學生沒有實行種族隔離,
03:15
rather than have them transport運輸
integrated集成 students學生們.
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03:19
All these have made製作 Detroit底特律
the most racially種族 segregated隔離 metro地鐵 area
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這一切讓底特律成為全美
種族主義最興盛的都市。
03:23
in the United聯合的 States狀態.
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03:26
I grew成長 up in a small town in Michigan密歇根州,
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我在密西根的一個小鎮長大,
03:28
the son兒子 of a relatively相對
blue-collar藍領 family家庭.
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我的家庭屬於藍領階層。
03:31
And after university大學,
I wanted to do something --
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大學畢業後,我想要做點什麼──
03:33
probably大概 naïvelyvely --
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可能很天真──
03:35
to help.
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我想協助。
03:36
I didn't want to be one of the almost幾乎
50 percent百分 of college學院 graduates畢業生
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當時有近 50% 的大學生
畢業後選擇到其他州發展,
03:40
leaving離開 the state at the time,
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我不想要成為其中之一,
03:42
and I thought I might威力 use
my fancy幻想 college學院 education教育 at home
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我想我可以用得來不易的大學教育
03:45
for something positive.
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在家鄉做些正面的事。
03:47
I'd been reading this great
American美國 philosopher哲學家 named命名 Grace恩典 Lee背風處 Boggs柏格斯
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我一直在閱讀偉大的美國哲學家
葛莉絲 ‧ 李 ‧ 博格斯的作品,
03:51
who happened發生 to live生活 in Detroit底特律,
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她剛好住在底特律,
03:53
and she said something I can't forget忘記.
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她說了一段話讓我永遠無法忘懷,
03:56
"The most radical激進 thing
that I ever did was to stay put."
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「我所做過最激進的事情,
就是維持現狀。」
04:02
I thought buying購買 a house might威力
indelibly不可磨滅 tie領帶 me to the city
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我心想,買一間房子可能會
讓我不得不與這城市有所連結,
04:06
while acting演戲 as a physical物理 protest抗議
to these walls牆壁 and freeways高速公路.
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於此同時我也實際地向
這些牆壁和高速公路抗議。
04:10
Because grants補助 and loans貸款
weren't available可得到 to everyone大家,
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因為補助金和貸款並非人人可得,
04:12
I decided決定 I was going
to do this without them
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我決定不用它們來買房子,
04:15
and that I would wage工資 my personal個人 fight鬥爭
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我要展開一場個人的戰鬥,
04:16
against反對 the city that had loomed迫近
over my childhood童年 with power功率 tools工具.
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對抗這個使用權力工具
讓我的童年籠罩在陰霾的城市。
04:21
I eventually終於 found發現 an abandoned house
in a neighborhood鄰里 called PoletownPoletown.
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我終於在一個叫做波爾鎮的社區
找到了一間廢棄的房子。
04:25
It looked看著 like the apocalypse啟示
had descended下降.
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波爾鎮看起來好像是
世界末日降臨似的。
04:28
The neighborhood鄰里 was prairie草原 land土地.
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這附近是草原土地。
04:30
A huge巨大, open打開 expanse廣闊 of waist-high齊腰高 grass
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一大片開闊、雜草及腰的草地上,
04:33
cluttered凌亂 only by a handful少數
of crippled, abandoned structures結構
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只有少數殘缺的廢棄建築物
04:36
and a few少數 brave勇敢 holdouts釘子戶
with well-kept保存良好 homes家園.
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和幾間保存完好的房屋勇敢挺立著。
04:40
Just a 15-minute-分鐘 bike自行車 ride
from the baseball棒球 stadium體育場 downtown市中心,
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儘管騎腳踏車到鬧區的
棒球場只要 15 分鐘,
04:45
the neighborhood鄰里 was positively積極 rural鄉村.
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這區全然和鄉下一樣。
04:48
What houses房屋 were left looked看著 like
cardboard紙板 boxes盒子 left in the rain;
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剩下的房屋看起來
像雨中殘留的紙箱。
04:52
two-story二層 monstrosities怪物
with wide-open張大 shells砲彈
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兩層樓高的怪物,屋殼大開、
04:55
and melted融化了 porches門廊.
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門廊傾頹倒塌。
04:57
One of the most striking引人注目 things
I remember記得 were the rosebushes玫瑰叢,
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我所記得最震撼的東西之一
就是薔薇花叢,
05:00
forgotten忘記了 and running賽跑 wild野生
over tumbled-down暴跌 fences圍欄,
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它們被遺忘,無節制地生長,
爬過殘破不堪的籬笆,
05:04
no longer cared照顧 for by anyone任何人.
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不再有任何人在乎。
05:07
This was my house on the day
I boarded登上 it up
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這是我初登家門的那一天,
05:10
to protect保護 it from the elements分子
and further進一步 decay衰變.
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我去保護它不進一步朽爛。
05:13
I eventually終於 purchased購買 it
from the county in a live生活 auction拍賣.
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我最終在一場拍賣會上
向政府買下了它。
05:16
I'd assumed假定 the neighborhood鄰里 was dead.
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我假定這個小區已死,
05:18
That I was some kind of pioneer先鋒.
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我算是某種先鋒。
05:22
Well, I couldn't不能 have been more wrong錯誤.
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然而我錯到不能再錯了,
05:24
I was in no way a pioneer先鋒,
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我完全不是先鋒者,
05:26
and would come to understand理解
how offensive進攻 that is.
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且我漸漸了解到那樣的
想法有多麼冒犯。
05:29
One of the first things I learned學到了
was to add my voice語音 to the chorus合唱,
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我最先學到的幾件事之一,
是要把我的聲音加到合唱團裡,
05:33
not overwrite覆蓋 what was already已經 happening事件.
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而不是把已發生的事情重寫。
05:36
(Voice語音 breaking破壞) Because
the neighborhood鄰里 hadn't有沒有 died死亡.
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(聲音斷續)因為這個小區還沒死。
它只是變樣了,而它轉變的方式,
05:38
It had just transformed改造 in a way
that was difficult to see
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若不是住在那裡是很難看見的。
05:41
if you didn't live生活 there.
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05:43
PoletownPoletown was home
to an incredibly令人難以置信 resourceful足智多謀,
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波爾鎮是一個非常有資源、
05:45
incredibly令人難以置信 intelligent智能
and incredibly令人難以置信 resilient彈性 community社區.
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非常有智慧,且非常有韌性的社區。
05:50
It was there I first experienced有經驗的
the power功率 of radical激進 neighborliness睦鄰友好.
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在那裡,我初次體驗到
「積極的睦鄰」的力量。
05:55
During the year I worked工作
on my house before moving移動 in,
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在搬進去之前,我花了
一年整修我的房子,
05:58
I lived生活 in a microcommunitymicrocommunity
inside PoletownPoletown,
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那段期間我就住在
波爾鎮裡的一個微型社區內,
06:01
founded成立 by a wild野生 and virtuous farmer農民
named命名 Paul保羅 WeertzWeertz.
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它由一位狂野且正直的
農夫保羅 ‧ 沃茲創立,
06:05
Paul保羅 was a teacher老師
in a Detroit底特律 public上市 school學校
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保羅在底特律一所
公立學校擔任老師,
06:08
for pregnant and parenting育兒 mothers母親,
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教導懷孕和帶孩子的母親,
06:09
and his idea理念 was to teach
the young年輕 women婦女 to raise提高 their children孩子
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他的想法是,若要教導
年輕女性養育她們的孩子,
06:12
by first raising提高 plants植物 and animals動物.
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就要先教她們養育動物和植物。
06:15
While the national國民 average平均 graduation畢業 rate
for pregnant teens青少年 is about 40 percent百分,
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全國懷孕青少女的
平均畢業率是 40 % ,
06:20
at Catherine凱瑟琳 Ferguson弗格森 Academy學院
it was often經常 above以上 90,
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在凱瑟琳費格遜中學卻超過 90 % ,
06:23
in part部分 due應有 to Paul's保羅 ingenuity創造力.
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部分原因就是保羅的獨創性。
06:25
Paul保羅 brought much of this innovation革新
to his block in PoletownPoletown,
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保羅把許多創新的概念帶回到
他在波爾鎮的街區,
06:28
which哪一個 he'd他會 stewardedstewarded
for more than 30 years年份,
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他在那裡至少服務了 30 年,
06:31
purchasing購買 houses房屋
when they were abandoned,
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在房子被廢棄時將它們買下來,
06:33
convincing使人信服 his friends朋友 to move移動 in
and neighbors鄰居 to stay
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說服朋友搬進去、遊說鄰居留下,
06:36
and helping幫助 those who wanted
to buy購買 their own擁有 and fix固定 them up.
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以及協助想要買自己房子的人安頓。
06:40
In a neighborhood鄰里 where many許多 blocks
now only hold保持 one or two houses房屋,
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在這個小區,有許多街區現在
都只剩一間或兩間房子了,
06:44
all the homes家園 on Paul's保羅 block stand.
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但在保羅的街區,
所有的家園都還在。
06:47
It's an incredible難以置信 testament遺囑
to the power功率 of community社區,
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這充分證明了社區的力量,
06:49
to staying in one place地點
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待在一個地方──
06:50
and to taking服用 ownership所有權
of one's那些 own擁有 surroundings環境 --
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掌控自己的環境,
06:53
of simply只是 doing it yourself你自己.
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單純的靠自己動手。
06:56
It's the kind of place地點 where black黑色 doctors醫生
live生活 next下一個 to white白色 hipsters時髦
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在那裡,黑人醫生家的隔壁
住著時髦白人
07:00
next下一個 to immigrant移民 mothers母親 from Hungary匈牙利
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及來自匈牙利的移民母親,
07:02
or talented天才 writers作家
from the jungles叢林 of Belize伯利茲,
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或是來自貝里斯叢林的天才作家,
07:04
showing展示 me Detroit底特律
wasn't just black黑色 and white白色,
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這讓我見識到,
底特律不只是黑與白,
07:07
and diversity多樣 could flourish繁榮
when it's encouraged鼓勵.
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當它的多樣性受到鼓勵時,它會興盛。
07:10
Each year, neighbors鄰居 assemble集合 to bale hay乾草
for the farm農場 animals動物 on the block,
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每年,鄰居們會一起將乾草打成捆,
供街區的牧場動物用,
07:14
teaching教學 me just how much
a small group of people can get doneDONE
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這教導了我,
當一小群人通力合作時
07:18
when they work together一起,
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能完成多少的事,
07:19
and the magnetism磁性 of fantastical荒誕
yet然而 practical實際的 ideas思路.
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以及荒誕卻又實際的
想法有多吸引人。
07:24
Radical激進 neighborliness睦鄰友好 is every一切 house
behind背後 Paul's保羅 block burning燃燒 down,
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「積極的睦鄰」是當保羅住的街區
後面的每間房子都燒毀,
07:29
and instead代替 of letting出租 it fill up
with trash垃圾 and despair絕望,
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他選擇不讓土地堆滿垃圾和絕望,
07:32
Paul保羅 and the surrounding周圍 community社區
creating創建 a giant巨人 circular garden花園
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偕同周圍的社區一同
建造一座圍繞著果樹、蜂窩
07:35
ringed環狀的 with dozens許多 of fruit水果 trees樹木,
beehives蜂箱 and garden花園 plots地塊
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以及花圃的巨大圓形花園,
07:39
for anyone任何人 that wants one,
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提供給任何想要的人,
07:41
helping幫助 me see that our challenges挑戰
can often經常 be assets資產.
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這讓我見識到,我們的
挑戰通常也會是種資產。
07:45
It's where residents居民 are experimenting試驗
with renewable可再生 energy能源 and urban城市的 farming農業
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在那裡,居民正在實驗
創造再生能源和城市農場,
07:49
and offering their skills技能
and discoveries發現 to others其他,
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並提供他們的技能與發現給其他人,
07:52
illustrating說明 we don't necessarily一定
have to beg the government政府
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這說明了我們不見得非得要求政府
07:55
to provide提供 solutions解決方案.
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提供解決方案。
07:56
We can start開始 ourselves我們自己.
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我們可以自己開始。
07:58
It's where, for months個月,
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在那裡,數月來
07:59
one of my neighbors鄰居
left her front面前 door unlocked解鎖
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我一位鄰居的前門都沒上鎖,
08:02
in one of the most violent暴力
and dangerous危險 cities城市 in America美國
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在美國最暴力且危險的城市之一,
08:04
so I could have a shower淋浴
whenever每當 I needed需要 to go to work,
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她不鎖門,以讓我上工前
能隨時去她家淋浴,
08:07
as I didn't yet然而 have one.
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因為我家沒有。
08:10
It was when it came來了 time to raise提高
the beam光束 on my own擁有 house
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當到了我自己的房子要把支撐結構的
08:13
that holds持有 the structure結構體 aloft高舉 --
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樑柱抬起到高處時,
08:14
a beam光束 that I cut out of an abandoned
recycling回收 factory down the street
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那樑柱是我從同條街上
沒有一面牆壁還立著的廢棄
回收工廠取得的──
08:18
when not a single wall
was left standing常設 --
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08:20
a dozen residents居民 of PoletownPoletown
showed顯示 up to help lift電梯 it, Amish阿米甚 style樣式.
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波爾鎮十多名居民協助我抬樑柱,
門諾會艾美許人的方式。
08:25
Radical激進 neighborliness睦鄰友好 is a zygote受精卵
that grows成長 into a worldview世界觀
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積極的睦鄰如同一顆
承載著美好價值的受精卵,
08:29
that ends結束 up in homes家園 and communities社區
rebuilt重建 in ways方法 that respect尊重 humanity人性
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它最終會成長為以尊重人性與環境
為重建基礎的家園和社區,
08:33
and the environment環境.
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08:34
It's realizing實現 we have the power功率
to create創建 the world世界 anew重新 together一起
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我們了解到,我們可以
同心協力創造出新世界,
08:38
and to do it ourselves我們自己
when our governments政府 refuse垃圾.
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在政府拒絕的時候,
我們可以自己動手。
08:42
This is the Detroit底特律 that you
don't hear much about.
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這是各位很少聽到的底特律。
08:45
The Detroit底特律 between之間
the ruin廢墟 pornA片 on one hand
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這個底特律,一邊是廢墟般的場景,
08:48
and the hipster潮人 coffee咖啡 shops商店
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另一邊則是時髦咖啡廳
08:50
and billionaires億萬富翁
saving保存 the city on the other.
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和拯救城市的百萬富翁。
08:53
There's a third第三 way to rebuild重建,
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還有第三種重建的方式,
08:55
and it declines下降 to make
the same相同 mistakes錯誤 of the past過去.
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且它避免讓我們犯下
和過去相同的錯誤。
08:59
While building建造 my house,
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重建我的房子時,
09:00
I found發現 something
I didn't know I was looking for --
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我找到了我不知道我在尋找的東西,
09:02
what a lot of millennials千禧
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那是許多千禧世代
09:04
and people who are moving移動
back to cities城市 are looking for.
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以及搬回城市的人在尋找的東西。
09:07
Radical激進 neighborliness睦鄰友好 is just
another另一個 word for true真正 community社區,
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積極的睦鄰其實就是
真正的社區的同義詞,
09:11
the kind bound my memory記憶 and history歷史,
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連結著記憶與故事,
相互信任感與熟悉感,
09:13
mutual相互 trust相信 and familiarity熟悉
built內置 over years年份 and irreplaceable不可替代.
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建立在經年累月不可替代的基礎上。
09:18
And now, as you may可能 have heard聽說,
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你們可能有聽說過,
09:20
Detroit底特律 is having a renaissance再生
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底特律有項復興運動,
09:22
and pulling itself本身 up
from the ashes灰燼 of despair絕望,
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將它自己從絕望的灰燼當中拉起來,
09:25
and the children孩子 and grandchildren孫子
of those who fled逃離 are returning回國,
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逃離者的孩子與孫子都回來了,
09:28
which哪一個 is true真正.
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這是真的。
09:31
What isn't true真正 is that this renaissance再生
is reaching到達 most DetroitersDetroiters,
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但有件事不是真的:這項復興
觸及了底特律大部分地方,
09:34
or even more than a small fraction分數 of them
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可以說它其實只觸及了底特律
09:36
that don't live生活 in the central中央
areas of the city.
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非中心區域一小部分的人們。
09:39
These are the kind of people
that have been in Detroit底特律 for generations
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這些人是世世代代住在底特律的人,
09:43
and are mostly大多 black黑色.
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大多數是黑人。
09:44
In 2016 alone單獨,
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光在 2016 年,
09:46
just last year,
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只是去年,
09:48
(Voice語音 breaking破壞) one in six
houses房屋 in Detroit底特律
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(抽蓄聲)在底特律,六間房子中
09:51
had their water shut關閉 off.
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就有一間遭到斷水。
09:55
Excuse藉口 me.
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抱歉。
09:58
The United聯合的 Nations國家 has called this
a violation違反 of human人的 rights權利.
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聯合國稱之為違反人權。
10:03
And since以來 2005, one in three houses房屋 --
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從 2005 年起,
三間房子中就有一間──
10:06
think about this, please --
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請想想這一點──
10:09
one in every一切 three houses房屋
has been foreclosed止 贖 in the city,
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在這個城市中,三間房子
就有一間的贖回權被取消,
10:13
representing代表 a population人口
about the size尺寸 of Buffalo水牛, New York紐約.
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這些人數大約等同
紐約水牛城的人口數。
10:17
(Sniffles流 鼻涕)
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(吸氣聲)
10:19
One in three houses房屋 foreclosed止 贖 is not
a crisis危機 of personal個人 responsibility責任;
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三間房子就有一間的贖回權被取消,
這不是個人責任的危機,
10:24
it is systemic系統的.
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是體制的危機。
10:26
Many許多 DetroitersDetroiters, myself included包括,
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許多底特律人,包括我自己,
10:29
are worried擔心 segregation隔離
is now returning回國 to the city itself本身
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擔心種族隔離又會跟隨著這波復興
10:33
on the coattails提攜 of this renaissance再生.
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1972
回到這個城市中。
10:38
Ten years年份 ago,
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十年前,
10:39
it was not possible可能
to go anywhere隨地 in Detroit底特律
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在底特律,不論走到任何地方,
10:41
and be in a crowd人群
completely全然 made製作 of white白色 people.
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都不可能身處在全是白人的人群中。
10:45
Now, troublinglytroublingly, that is possible可能.
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現在卻有可能了,這點讓人擔憂。
10:48
This is the price價錢 that we're paying付款
for conventional常規 economic經濟 resurgence再起.
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這是我們為了傳統
經濟復甦付出的代價。
10:54
We're creating創建 two DetroitsDetroits,
two classes of citizens公民,
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我們在創造兩個底特律,兩種市民,
10:58
cracking開裂 the community社區 apart距離.
212
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把社區分裂。
11:00
For all the money and subsidies補貼,
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為了所有的金錢和補助,
11:02
for all the streetlights路燈 installed安裝,
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街燈的安裝費用,
11:04
the dollars美元 for new stadiums體育場館
and slick華而不實的 advertisements廣告
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新體育館、浮誇廣告,
11:06
and positive buzz蜂鳴器,
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以及激勵人心的話題,
11:08
we're shutting關閉 off water
to tens of thousands數千 of people
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我們停止供水給
就住在五大湖邊上的數萬人,
11:12
living活的 right on the Great Lakes,
218
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1748
11:14
the world's世界 largest最大 source資源 of it.
219
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五大湖是世界上最大的水源。
11:17
Separate分離 has always meant意味著 unequal不等.
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分離通常都表示不平等。
11:20
This is a grave mistake錯誤 for all of us.
221
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對我們所有人而言,這都是個大錯。
11:24
When economic經濟 development發展
comes at the cost成本 of community社區,
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當經濟發展的代價要由社區承擔時,
11:26
it's not just those
who have lost丟失 their homes家園
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受到傷害的人,不只是失去家園的人
11:29
or access訪問 to water who are harmed傷害,
224
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或是被斷水的人,
11:31
but it breaks休息 little pieces
of our own擁有 humanity人性 as well.
225
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我們自身的人性也會隨之被粉碎。
11:38
None沒有 of us can truly be free自由,
226
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我們沒有人能夠真正自由,
11:40
none沒有 of us can truly be comfortable自在,
227
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我們沒有人能夠真正舒適,
11:42
until直到 our neighbors鄰居 are, too.
228
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1732
除非我們的鄰居也能。
11:44
For those of us coming未來 in,
229
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對於我們這些進來的人而言,
11:46
it means手段 we must必須 make sure
we aren't inadvertently不經意間 contributing貢獻
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2995
那意味著我們要確保
我們不會不小心造成
11:49
to the destruction毀壞 of community社區 again,
231
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2209
社區的再次毀滅,
11:51
and to follow跟隨 the lead
232
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1151
並要追隨多年來
11:53
of those who have been working加工
on these problems問題 for years年份.
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一直努力在解決
這些問題的人的領導。
11:56
In Detroit底特律, that means手段 average平均 citizens公民
deputizing代理 themselves他們自己
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在底特律,那意著一般市民
要成為自己的代理人,
12:00
to create創建 water stations and deliveries交付
for those who have lost丟失 access訪問 to it.
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建立供水站以及輸水服務
給被斷水的人。
12:04
Or clergy牧師 and teachers教師
engaging in civil國內 disobedience不服從
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2759
神職人員及老師
要參與市民違抗行動,
12:07
to block water shutoff關閉 trucks卡車.
237
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1747
阻擋來斷水的卡車。
12:09
It's organizations組織 buying購買 back
foreclosed止 贖 homes家園 for their inhabitants居民
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是組織幫居民把他們
失去贖回權的家買回來,
12:13
or fighting戰鬥 misinformation誤傳
on forced被迫 sales銷售 through通過 social社會 media媒體
239
721310
3342
並透過社交媒體及志工服務熱線
對抗強迫讓售的錯誤資訊。
12:16
and volunteer-run志願者運行 hotlines熱線.
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1828
12:19
For me, it means手段 helping幫助 others其他
to raise提高 the beams
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2634
對我來說,那意味著協助他人
在他們先前廢棄的家園裡撐起樑柱,
12:21
on their own擁有 formerly以前 abandoned houses房屋,
242
729889
2218
12:24
or helping幫助 to educate教育
those with privilege特權,
243
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2187
或協助教育那些有特權的人,
12:26
now increasingly日益 moving移動 into cities城市,
244
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1984
越來越多這類人正在搬到城市,
12:28
how we might威力 come in and support支持
245
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告訴他們我們該如何
支持既有的社區,
12:30
rather than stress強調 existing現有 communities社區.
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而不是施壓於它們。
12:32
It's chipping碎裂 in when
a small group of neighbors鄰居 decides決定
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當一群鄰居決定要買回
一個失去贖回權的家,
12:35
to buy購買 back a foreclosed止 贖 home
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並將方屋契約交還給居住者時,
12:37
and return返回 the deeds行為 to the occupants居住者.
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與他們共同出資。
12:40
And for you, for all of us,
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對你們、我們所有人而言,
那意味著要在我們自己的社區中
找到一個角色來扮演。
12:42
it means手段 finding發現 a role角色 to play
in our own擁有 communities社區.
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12:46
It means手段 living活的 your life as a reflection反射
of the world世界 that you want to live生活 in.
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那意味著要把你們的生活
轉化成你真正喜歡的樣子。
12:51
It means手段 trusting信任的 those
who know the problems問題 best最好 --
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那意味著信任那些最清楚問題的人──
12:54
the people who live生活 them --
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活在問題中的人──
12:56
with solutions解決方案.
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相信他們能解決。
12:58
I know a third第三 way is possible可能
because I have lived生活 it.
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我知道有第三種可行的方式,
因為我親身經歷過。
13:02
I live生活 it right now
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我正在經歷中,
13:07
in a neighborhood鄰里 called PoletownPoletown
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在叫做波爾鎮的小區,
13:08
in one of the most
maligned非議 cities城市 in the world世界.
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它位在世界上最
惡名昭彰的城市之一。
13:11
If we can do it in Detroit底特律,
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若我們在底特律能做到,
13:13
you can do it wherever哪裡 you're from, too.
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不論你來自何方,你可以做到。
13:16
What I've learned學到了 over the last decade,
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在過去十年我所學到的是,
13:18
building建造 my house,
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建造我的房子
13:19
wasn't so much about wiring接線
or plumbing水暖 or carpentry木工 --
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重點不在於電線、
抽水馬桶,或木工──
13:22
although雖然 I did learn學習 these things --
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雖然我的確有學到這些──
13:25
is that true真正 change更改, real真實 change更改,
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重點在於真實的改變、真正的改變,
13:28
starts啟動 first with community社區,
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從社區開始,
13:30
with a radical激進 sense
of what it means手段 to be a neighbor鄰居.
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帶著對於「鄰居」
含意的根本理解開始。
13:34
It turned轉身 at least最小 one
abandoned house into a home.
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它至少能夠將一間
廢棄的房子轉變成一個家。
13:38
Thank you.
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謝謝。
13:39
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by Lilian Chiu
Reviewed by Vera LIN

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Drew Philp - Journalist, screenwriter
Drew Philp is the author of "A $500 House in Detroit: Rebuilding an Abandoned Home and an American City," a memoir of rebuilding a former abandoned home while finding his place in his city, country, race and generation.

Why you should listen

Drew Philp is a freelance writer living in his rehabbed house and most often covers inequity in the Midwest for the Guardian. He has hitchhiked the Rustbelt to speak with average Americans about changing manhood and walked to Cleveland from Detroit to speak to postindustrial trump supporters in pursuit of stories. Philp has also been published in BuzzFeed, The Detroit Free Press, De Correspondent and other national and international outlets.

In 2009, Philp bought an abandoned house in Detroit with no windows, plumbing or electricity, which was filled with 10,000 pounds of trash. Living without heat for nearly two years, fighting wild packs of dogs, and harvesting materials from the often burning neighborhood, Philp repaired the house with his own hands and the help of his dynamic community. He lives there with his dog Gratiot. 

Philp has also hitchhiked the US, co-taught a class on race to all white students at the University of Michigan, written scripts in the film industry and taught for many years inside prisons and juvenile justice institutions across the state. His accolades include the Stuart and Vernice Gross award for literature, an 11th Hour Food and Farming Fellowship facilitated by Michael Pollan and a 2017 Kresge Arts in Detroit fellowship.

More profile about the speaker
Drew Philp | Speaker | TED.com