TED2017
Ashton Applewhite: Let's end ageism
Ashton Applewhite: 让我们终止年龄歧视
Filmed:
Readability: 4.4
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不是时间的流逝使得变老如此艰难。是年龄歧视，这是一种让我们与未来的自己－－ 以及和其他人陷入冲突的一种偏见。Ashton Applewhite呼吁我们消除对变老的恐惧，加入到对这种社会偏见的挑战中。“变老不是一个需要被修复的问题或是需要被治愈的疾病，”她说，“它是一个自然的，强大的，将我们所有人连结在一起的生命过程。”
Ashton Applewhite - Author, activist
Ashton Applewhite asks us to look at ageism -- the assumption that older people are alike and that aging impoverishes us. Full bio
Ashton Applewhite asks us to look at ageism -- the assumption that older people are alike and that aging impoverishes us. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
在座的每个人终将会变得怎样？
00:13
What's one thing that every person
in this room is going to become?
in this room is going to become?
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变老。
00:17
Older.
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大部分人想到这个
都吓得不敢动弹。
都吓得不敢动弹。
00:18
And most of us are scared stiff
at the prospect.
at the prospect.
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00:20
How does that word make you feel?
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你对那个词的感觉是什么？
00:23
I used to feel the same way.
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我曾经也有同感。
00:25
What was I most worried about?
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我最担心的是什么？
00:27
Ending up drooling
in some grim institutional hallway.
in some grim institutional hallway.
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以在阴暗的疗养院的
过道上淌着口水告终。
过道上淌着口水告终。
00:31
And then I learned that only
four percent of older Americans
four percent of older Americans
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然后我发现只有4%的美国老年人
00:34
are living in nursing homes,
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住在疗养院，
而且这一比例在下降。
00:35
and the percentage is dropping.
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00:38
What else was I worried about?
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我还担心什么？
00:40
Dementia.
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老年痴呆。
00:41
Turns out that most of us
can think just fine to the end.
can think just fine to the end.
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但是大部分人直到死之前
脑子也还能运转。
脑子也还能运转。
00:44
Dementia rates are dropping, too.
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老年痴呆的比例也在下降。
真正的流行病是
对失忆的焦虑。
对失忆的焦虑。
00:46
The real epidemic is anxiety
over memory loss.
over memory loss.
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（观众笑声）
00:49
(Laughter)
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我也在想老年人很忧郁，
00:51
I also figured that old people
were depressed
were depressed
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因为他们老了
而且快要死了。
而且快要死了。
00:54
because they were old
and they were going to die soon.
and they were going to die soon.
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（观众笑声）
00:57
(Laughter)
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结果发现人们活得越久，
00:59
It turns out that the longer people live,
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就越不害怕死亡。
01:01
the less they fear dying,
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人们在出生和死亡之时
是最快乐的。
是最快乐的。
01:02
and that people are happiest at
the beginnings and the end of their lives.
the beginnings and the end of their lives.
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这是快乐U型曲线，
01:06
It's called the U-curve of happiness,
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是被全球许多研究证明的。
01:08
and it's been borne out
by dozens of studies around the world.
by dozens of studies around the world.
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你不必成为佛教徒
或是亿万富翁。
或是亿万富翁。
01:12
You don't have to be a Buddhist
or a billionaire.
or a billionaire.
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这条曲线展示变老
是如何影响大脑的。
是如何影响大脑的。
01:14
The curve is a function of the way
aging itself affects the brain.
aging itself affects the brain.
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01:19
So I started feeling a lot better
about getting older,
about getting older,
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所以我开始感到变老
不是那么糟糕了。
不是那么糟糕了。
01:22
and I started obsessing about why
so few people know these things.
so few people know these things.
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我也开始好奇为什么
没几个人懂得这些道理。
没几个人懂得这些道理。
01:27
The reason is ageism:
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原因在于年龄歧视，
即基于年龄的歧视和偏见。
01:29
discrimination and stereotyping
on the basis of age.
on the basis of age.
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01:33
We experience it anytime someone assumes
we're too old for something,
we're too old for something,
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比如有人说我们太老了，
不能做某事，
不能做某事，
01:37
instead of finding out who we are
and what we're capable of,
and what we're capable of,
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而不关心我们是谁
我们能做什么。
我们能做什么。
或者说我们太年轻。
01:40
or too young.
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这两种都是年龄歧视。
01:41
Ageism cuts both ways.
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01:44
All -isms are socially constructed
ideas -- racism, sexism, homophobia --
ideas -- racism, sexism, homophobia --
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所有的“主义”都是社会构建的意识，
像种族主义、性别歧视及同性恋恐惧。
像种族主义、性别歧视及同性恋恐惧。
01:49
and that means we make them up,
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这意味着这些都是
我们自己创造出来的，
我们自己创造出来的，
而且它们是可以随着时间改变的。
01:51
and they can change over time.
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01:54
All these prejudices
pit us against each other
pit us against each other
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因为这些偏见，我们互相争斗，
01:57
to maintain the status quo,
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使得现状难以改变。
就好像美国汽车工人和
墨西哥汽车工人斗争，
墨西哥汽车工人斗争，
01:59
like auto workers in the US competing
against auto workers in Mexico
against auto workers in Mexico
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而不是团结起来提高工资。
02:03
instead of organizing for better wages.
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（观众掌声）
02:06
(Applause)
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我们知道不能根据
种族或性别分配资源，
种族或性别分配资源，
02:07
We know it's not OK to allocate
resources by race or by sex.
resources by race or by sex.
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那又怎么能把年轻人
的需求和老年人相比较？
的需求和老年人相比较？
02:12
Why should it be OK to weigh
the needs of the young against the old?
the needs of the young against the old?
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02:16
All prejudice relies on "othering" --
seeing a group of people
seeing a group of people
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所有的偏见都基于
“异化”——把一群人
“异化”——把一群人
当做自己之外的群体：
02:20
as other than ourselves:
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其他种族、其他宗教、
其他国籍。
其他国籍。
02:21
other race, other religion,
other nationality.
other nationality.
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02:25
The strange thing about ageism:
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年龄歧视的奇怪之处在于
02:27
that other is us.
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那个所谓的“异”
是我们自己。
是我们自己。
02:30
Ageism feeds on denial --
our reluctance to acknowledge
our reluctance to acknowledge
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年龄歧视来自否认——
我们不愿意承认
我们不愿意承认
我们终将变老。
02:33
that we are going to become
that older person.
that older person.
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02:36
It's denial when we try
to pass for younger
to pass for younger
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这种否认体现在希望“逆生长”
或者迷信抗衰老产品，
02:39
or when we believe in anti-aging products,
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或者觉得我们的身体
在背叛我们，
在背叛我们，
02:42
or when we feel like our bodies
are betraying us,
are betraying us,
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但其实只是身体
在发生自然变化。
在发生自然变化。
02:45
simply because they are changing.
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02:48
Why on earth do we stop celebrating
the ability to adapt and grow
the ability to adapt and grow
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为什么一路走来，我们不再为
增强的适应力和生长
欢欣鼓舞了呢？
欢欣鼓舞了呢？
02:52
as we move through life?
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02:54
Why should aging well mean
struggling to look and move
struggling to look and move
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为什么优雅老去就意味着
拼命让自己的外表和行为
拼命让自己的外表和行为
要和年轻时一样呢？
02:57
like younger versions of ourselves?
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02:59
It's embarrassing
to be called out as older
to be called out as older
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我们自己不以变老为耻，
才不会觉得被人说老丢脸。
03:02
until we quit being embarrassed about it,
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而且时刻担心着未来
是不健康的。
是不健康的。
03:04
and it's not healthy to go through life
dreading our futures.
dreading our futures.
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越早走出否认自己年龄
的死循环中，
的死循环中，
03:07
The sooner we get off
this hamster wheel of age denial,
this hamster wheel of age denial,
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我们会变得越好。
03:10
the better off we are.
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03:13
Stereotypes are always
a mistake, of course,
a mistake, of course,
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刻板印象总是错的，
而年龄歧视更是如此。
03:15
but especially when it comes to age,
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因为我们活得越久，
03:17
because the longer we live,
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我们彼此就变得越不相同，
03:18
the more different
from one another we become.
from one another we become.
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对吧？想想看。
03:21
Right? Think about it.
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03:22
And yet, we tend to think of everyone
in a retirement home
in a retirement home
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然而，我们却默认住在疗养院的人
都是一个年龄——老人。
03:25
as the same age: old --
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03:27
(Laughter)
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（观众笑声）
03:28
when they can span four decades.
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而他们的年龄跨度可达40岁。
你能说一群20岁到60岁的人
03:31
Can you imagine thinking that way
about a group of people
about a group of people
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都差不多大吗？
03:33
between the ages of 20 and 60?
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03:36
When you get to a party, do you head
for people your own age?
for people your own age?
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你在派对上是不是
只和同龄人一起玩？
只和同龄人一起玩？
03:39
Have you ever grumbled
about entitled millennials?
about entitled millennials?
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你是否抱怨过新一代的年轻人？
你是否放弃一个发型，
一段关系或者一次约会，
一段关系或者一次约会，
03:43
Have you ever rejected a haircut
or a relationship or an outing
or a relationship or an outing
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只因在年龄上不合适？
03:47
because it's not age-appropriate?
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03:49
For adults, there's no such thing.
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对成年人来说，根本没有这回事。
03:51
All these behaviors are ageist.
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这些行为都是年龄歧视。
03:53
We all do them,
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我们都这么做，
03:55
and we can't challenge bias
unless we're aware of it.
unless we're aware of it.
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只有意识到偏见的存在，
我们才能去挑战它。
我们才能去挑战它。
03:58
Nobody's born ageist,
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年龄歧视并非与生俱来，
04:00
but it starts at early childhood,
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而是形成于童年早期。
与此同时形成的还有
对于种族和性别的态度。
对于种族和性别的态度。
04:01
around the same time attitudes
towards race and gender start to form,
towards race and gender start to form,
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因为我们每时每刻都在被
媒体和流行文化中
媒体和流行文化中
04:05
because negative messages
about late life bombard us
about late life bombard us
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关于晚年生活的负面信息轰炸。
04:08
from the media and popular
culture at every turn.
culture at every turn.
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04:12
Right? Wrinkles are ugly.
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不是吗？皱纹太难看，
04:13
Old people are pathetic.
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老人很可怜，
04:15
It's sad to be old.
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变老很可悲。
04:17
Look at Hollywood.
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看看好莱坞。
04:18
A survey of recent
Best Picture nominations
Best Picture nominations
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一项关于最近的
“最佳影片”提名的调查
“最佳影片”提名的调查
发现有台词或是名字的
角色中只有12%
角色中只有12%
04:20
found that only 12 percent
of speaking or named characters
of speaking or named characters
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年龄在60岁及以上。
04:24
were age 60 and up,
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他们中有许多
都是有缺陷的形象。
都是有缺陷的形象。
04:25
and many of them
were portrayed as impaired.
were portrayed as impaired.
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04:29
Older people can be
the most ageist of all,
the most ageist of all,
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我们老年人的年龄歧视观
可能是最严重的，
可能是最严重的，
因为我们用一生
来内化这些信息。
来内化这些信息。
04:31
because we've had a lifetime
to internalize these messages
to internalize these messages
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我们从没想过
提出异议。
提出异议。
04:34
and we've never thought to challenge them.
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04:36
I had to acknowledge it
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我不得不承认这一点，
04:38
and stop colluding.
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并停止内化负面信息。
04:40
"Senior moment" quips, for example:
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比如，“这一刻我老了”的玩笑
我不再开这种玩笑，
因为我想到
因为我想到
04:42
I stopped making them when it dawned on me
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04:44
that when I lost
the car keys in high school,
the car keys in high school,
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在高中弄丢车钥匙时
我没有说“这一刻我还小”。
04:46
I didn't call it a "junior moment."
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04:48
(Laughter)
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（观众笑声）
04:50
I stopped blaming
my sore knee on being 64.
my sore knee on being 64.
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我不再抱怨说我酸痛的
一侧膝盖64岁了。
一侧膝盖64岁了。
另一边膝盖不疼，
04:53
My other knee doesn't hurt,
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却也64岁了。
04:55
and it's just as old.
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（观众笑声）
04:56
(Laughter)
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（观众掌声）
04:59
(Applause)
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我们都在担心变老
带来的一些问题，
带来的一些问题，
05:00
We are all worried about
some aspect of getting older,
some aspect of getting older,
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像是钱用完了，
05:03
whether running out of money,
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或者生病、独居，
05:04
getting sick, ending up alone,
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这些恐惧合情合理
而且真实存在。
而且真实存在。
05:07
and those fears are legitimate and real.
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05:10
But what never dawns on most of us
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但大多数人不应该认为
步入老年后的生活
05:12
is that the experience of reaching old age
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会变得更好或更坏。
05:14
can be better or worse
depending on the culture
depending on the culture
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这好和坏取决于所处的文化。
05:16
in which it takes place.
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05:18
It is not having a vagina
that makes life harder for women.
that makes life harder for women.
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让女性的生活更为艰辛的，
不是生理结构的差异，
不是生理结构的差异，
而是性别歧视。
05:22
It's sexism.
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（观众掌声）
05:23
(Applause)
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让男同性恋生活更艰难的
不是爱上一个男人，
不是爱上一个男人，
05:25
It's not loving a man that makes
life harder for gay guys.
life harder for gay guys.
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而是社会对同性恋的排斥。
05:27
It's homophobia.
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给老年生活增加额外困难的，
05:29
And it is not the passage of time
that makes getting older
that makes getting older
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不是时间的流逝，
05:32
so much harder than it has to be.
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而是年龄歧视。
05:34
It is ageism.
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05:35
When labels are hard to read
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当商标看不清，
或者没有扶手，
05:37
or there's no handrail
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或者那可恶的罐头打不开时，
05:38
or we can't open the damn jar,
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我们责怪自己，
05:40
we blame ourselves,
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05:41
our failure to age successfully,
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怪自己输给了年龄，
05:44
instead of the ageism that makes
those natural transitions shameful
those natural transitions shameful
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而忘记了是年龄歧视使
这自然的过渡成为羞耻，
这自然的过渡成为羞耻，
使生活的障碍变得可以理解。
05:48
and the discrimination that makes
those barriers acceptable.
those barriers acceptable.
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05:52
You can't make money off satisfaction,
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人人都满意的地方没有商机，
但羞耻和恐惧却能创造市场，
05:54
but shame and fear create markets,
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而资本主义总是需要新市场。
05:57
and capitalism always needs new markets.
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06:00
Who says wrinkles are ugly?
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是谁说皱纹丑的？
是市值几十亿美金的
护肤产业。
护肤产业。
06:02
The multi-billion-dollar
skin care industry.
skin care industry.
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06:05
Who says perimenopause and low T
and mild cognitive impairment
and mild cognitive impairment
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是谁说绝经、男性功能障碍
和轻度认知障碍
和轻度认知障碍
是疾病？
06:09
are medical conditions?
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是市值上万亿美元的
制药产业。
制药产业。
06:10
The trillion-dollar
pharmaceutical industry.
pharmaceutical industry.
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（观众欢呼）
06:12
(Cheers)
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我们对其中的运作
看得越清楚，
看得越清楚，
06:13
The more clearly we see
these forces at work,
these forces at work,
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越能产生另一种更积极、
06:16
the easier it is to come up
with alternative, more positive
with alternative, more positive
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更准确的认识。
06:19
and more accurate narratives.
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06:22
Aging is not a problem to be fixed
or a disease to be cured.
or a disease to be cured.
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变老不是需要解决的问题，
也不是需要治疗的疾病。
也不是需要治疗的疾病。
它是一个自然的、强大的
生命历程，把所有人连结起来。
生命历程，把所有人连结起来。
06:26
It is a natural, powerful,
lifelong process that unites us all.
lifelong process that unites us all.
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06:32
Changing the culture is a tall order,
I know that, but culture is fluid.
I know that, but culture is fluid.
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改变文化很难，这我知道，
但文化会流动变化。
但文化会流动变化。
06:36
Look at how much the position
of women has changed in my lifetime
of women has changed in my lifetime
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看看女性地位在我经历的
时代里变化多大，
时代里变化多大，
看看同性恋运动
在短短几十年里
在短短几十年里
06:40
or the incredible strides
that the gay rights movement
that the gay rights movement
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取得多了不起的进展，对吧？
06:42
has made in just a few decades, right?
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（观众掌声）
06:44
(Applause)
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看看性别观念。
06:45
Look at gender.
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06:47
We used to think of it
as a binary, male or female,
as a binary, male or female,
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我们曾经认为性别是二元的，
只有男或女，
只有男或女，
现在我们了解了
性别是连续的频谱。
性别是连续的频谱。
06:50
and now we understand it's a spectrum.
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同样，当前正应该抛弃
“老或少”的二元年龄观。
“老或少”的二元年龄观。
06:52
It is high time to ditch
the old-young binary, too.
the old-young binary, too.
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在年老和年少之间
没有一条明确的界限，
没有一条明确的界限，
06:55
There is no line in the sand
between old and young,
between old and young,
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过了那条线都是下坡路。
06:58
after which it's all downhill.
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我们越是等待这种观念自行改变，
07:00
And the longer we wait
to challenge that idea,
to challenge that idea,
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其对我们自身和我们的地位
造成的损害越大。
造成的损害越大。
07:02
the more damage it does
to ourselves and our place in the world,
to ourselves and our place in the world,
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例如在普遍有年龄歧视的职场中。
07:06
like in the workforce,
where age discrimination is rampant.
where age discrimination is rampant.
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07:10
In Silicon Valley, engineers
are getting Botoxed and hair-plugged
are getting Botoxed and hair-plugged
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在硅谷，工程师们都会
打医疗美容针，做植发，
打医疗美容针，做植发，
才去参加关键的面试。
07:14
before key interviews --
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这还是三十多岁、
专业过硬的白人男性。
专业过硬的白人男性。
07:15
and these are skilled
white men in their 30s,
white men in their 30s,
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所以想象一下在食物链
更下层的影响。
更下层的影响。
07:17
so imagine the effects
further down the food chain.
further down the food chain.
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（观众笑声）
07:20
(Laughter)
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这对个人和经济的
影响是灾难性的。
影响是灾难性的。
07:22
The personal and economic
consequences are devastating.
consequences are devastating.
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对大龄职员的偏见
都经不住检验。
都经不住检验。
07:26
Not one stereotype about older workers
holds up under scrutiny.
holds up under scrutiny.
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企业不是因为其员工年轻
才具有适应性和创新能力。
才具有适应性和创新能力。
07:30
Companies aren't adaptable and creative
because their employees are young;
because their employees are young;
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就算没有很多年轻雇员也行。
07:34
they're adaptable and creative despite it.
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07:37
Companies --
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企业——
（观众笑声）
07:38
(Laughter)
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（观众掌声）
07:39
(Applause)
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我们都知道人员多样化的企业
不仅是更好的工作环境，
不仅是更好的工作环境，
07:42
We know that diverse companies
aren't just better places to work;
aren't just better places to work;
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也运作得更好。
07:45
they work better.
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就像种族和性别，
年龄意味着多样化。
年龄意味着多样化。
07:46
And just like race and sex,
age is a criterion for diversity.
age is a criterion for diversity.
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07:51
A growing body of fascinating research
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越来越多的惊人研究
显示对老龄的态度
07:53
shows that attitudes towards aging
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影响了我们的大脑和身体
在细胞层面上的运作。
在细胞层面上的运作。
07:54
affect how our minds and bodies
function at the cellular level.
function at the cellular level.
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当我们和年长的人
这样讲话（说话更大声），
这样讲话（说话更大声），
07:58
When we talk to older people
like this (Speaks more loudly)
like this (Speaks more loudly)
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或称呼他们“甜心”或“年轻女士”的时候——
08:01
or call them "sweetie" or "young lady" --
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也就是所谓的“老人腔调”——
08:03
it's called elderspeak --
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他们似乎一下就老了，
08:04
they appear to instantly age,
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2003
走路和说话方式趋于弱势。
08:06
walking and talking less competently.
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08:09
People with more positive
feelings towards aging
feelings towards aging
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有些人对年老的态度更积极，
他们走路更快，
08:11
walk faster,
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在记忆力测试中
表现得更好，
表现得更好，
08:13
they do better on memory tests,
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康复得更快，
活得越久。
活得越久。
08:14
they heal quicker, and they live longer.
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08:18
Even with brains
full of plaques and tangles,
full of plaques and tangles,
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即使是大脑布满了
团块和结节，
团块和结节，
一些人直到生命将尽
仍然思维敏捷。
仍然思维敏捷。
08:20
some people stayed sharp to the end.
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1980
08:23
What did they have in common?
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他们有什么共同点？
目的性。
08:24
A sense of purpose.
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在晚年仍有目标
的最大障碍是什么？
的最大障碍是什么？
08:26
And what's the biggest obstacle
to having a sense of purpose in late life?
to having a sense of purpose in late life?
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将老去等同于被淘汰
的文化观念。
的文化观念。
08:29
A culture that tells us that getting older
means shuffling offstage.
means shuffling offstage.
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4118
08:33
That's why the World Health
Organization is developing
Organization is developing
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因此，世卫组织在进行
一项反年龄歧视的全球性运动，
08:36
a global anti-ageism initiative
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1588
不仅是要延长生命，还要
延长保持健康的时间。
延长保持健康的时间。
08:38
to extend not just
life span but health span.
life span but health span.
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08:42
Women experience the double whammy
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2009
女性遭受两重歧视，
08:44
of ageism and sexism,
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既有年龄歧视，
又有性别歧视，
又有性别歧视，
因而老去的过程
别有一番滋味。
别有一番滋味。
08:45
so we experience aging differently.
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08:48
There's a double standard
at work here -- shocker --
at work here -- shocker --
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职场中有一个
双重标准令人震惊：
双重标准令人震惊：
（观众笑声）
08:51
(Laughter)
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年龄增长使男人升值，
却使女人贬值。
却使女人贬值。
08:52
the notion that aging enhances men
and devalues women.
and devalues women.
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08:56
Women reinforce this double standard
when we compete to stay young,
when we compete to stay young,
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4325
当女人竞相要留住青春，
这个观念进一步固化。
这个观念进一步固化。
另一个观念具有惩罚和失败的意味。
09:00
another punishing and losing proposition.
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在场的女同胞们，你们真的相信
09:03
Does any woman in this room really believe
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现在的自己是个次品——
09:06
that she is a lesser version --
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1986
与从前的自己相比，更无趣，
更难享受床笫之欢，
更难享受床笫之欢，
09:08
less interesting, less fun in bed,
less valuable --
less valuable --
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3396
09:11
than the woman she once was?
209
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1991
更没有价值？
09:14
This discrimination affects our health,
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1884
这个歧视影响着我们的健康、
生活质量和收入。
09:16
our well-being and our income,
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随着时间流逝，
这些影响越来越强。
这些影响越来越强。
09:18
and the effects add up over time.
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09:20
They are further compounded
by race and by class,
by race and by class,
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种族和社会阶级的压力，
加强了负面影响。
加强了负面影响。
这就是为什么
世界上的任何地方
世界上的任何地方
09:23
which is why, everywhere in the world,
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最最贫穷的是
有色民族的老女人。
有色民族的老女人。
09:25
the poorest of the poor
are old women of color.
are old women of color.
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09:29
What's the takeaway from that map?
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地图上显而易见的是什么？
是到了2050年，我们中
每五个就有一个，
每五个就有一个，
09:31
By 2050, one out of five of us,
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2408
也就是将近两百万人，
09:33
almost two billion people,
218
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1746
将会达到或超过60岁。
09:35
will be age 60 and up.
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2022
长寿是人类社会进步的
一个基本特征。
一个基本特征。
09:37
Longevity is a fundamental hallmark
of human progress.
of human progress.
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这些年老人群意味着一个巨大的、
前所未有的、没有被触及的市场。
前所未有的、没有被触及的市场。
09:41
All these older people represent a vast
unprecedented and untapped market.
unprecedented and untapped market.
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5234
09:47
And yet, capitalism and urbanization
have propelled age bias
have propelled age bias
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然而，资本主义和城市化
使得对老龄的偏见
使得对老龄的偏见
09:51
into every corner of the globe,
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2039
在全球的每一个角落扩散，
从老年人生活最好的瑞士，
09:53
from Switzerland,
where elders fare the best,
where elders fare the best,
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到在全球老年人生活状况指数中
排名垫底的阿富汗。
排名垫底的阿富汗。
09:55
to Afghanistan, which sits at the bottom
of the Global AgeWatch Index.
of the Global AgeWatch Index.
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但那个排名遗漏了
全世界一半的国家，
全世界一半的国家，
10:00
Half of the world's countries
aren't mentioned on that list
aren't mentioned on that list
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因为人们不愿意投入精力
去收集近两百万人的数据，
去收集近两百万人的数据，
10:03
because we don't bother to collect data
on millions of people
on millions of people
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因为这些人已不再年轻。
10:07
because they're no longer young.
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10:09
Almost two-thirds of people
over 60 around the world
over 60 around the world
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全世界60岁以上人口中，
将近三分之二表示
将近三分之二表示
他们得不到医疗服务。
10:12
say they have trouble
accessing healthcare.
accessing healthcare.
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近四分之三的人说他们的收入
满足不了基本生活需求，
满足不了基本生活需求，
10:15
Almost three-quarters say their income
doesn't cover basic services
doesn't cover basic services
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比如食物、水、电
和像样的住房。
和像样的住房。
10:18
like food, water, electricity,
and decent housing.
and decent housing.
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3757
10:23
Is this the world we want our children,
who may well live to be a hundred,
who may well live to be a hundred,
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我们的孩子也许能活到上百岁，
这难道是我们想要留给他们的
这难道是我们想要留给他们的
世界吗？
10:27
to inherit?
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每个人，无论年龄，
无论性别，无论国籍，
无论性别，无论国籍，
10:28
Everyone -- all ages,
all genders, all nationalities --
all genders, all nationalities --
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10:32
is old or future-old,
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都终将变老。
我们必须果断行动，否则
都会面临年龄歧视的压力。
都会面临年龄歧视的压力。
10:34
and unless we put an end to it,
ageism will oppress us all.
ageism will oppress us all.
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于是我们就有了一个
集体倡议的完美目标。
集体倡议的完美目标。
10:38
And that makes it a perfect target
for collective advocacy.
for collective advocacy.
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10:43
Why add another -ism to the list
when so many, racism in particular,
when so many, racism in particular,
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我们已经有如此多的“主义”
需要消除，尤其是种族主义，
需要消除，尤其是种族主义，
又何必另添一个？
10:47
call out for action?
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事实是，
10:49
Here's the thing:
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1233
10:50
we don't have to choose.
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1770
这些主义不分先后。
10:52
When we make the world
a better place to grow old in,
a better place to grow old in,
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2695
这个世界一旦变成
可以安然老去的地方，
可以安然老去的地方，
也就变成人们可以
坦然面对出身异国、
坦然面对出身异国、
10:54
we make it a better place
in which to be from somewhere else,
in which to be from somewhere else,
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3141
身有残疾、
10:58
to have a disability,
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1534
与众不同、生活不富裕、
身为有色民族的身份。
身为有色民族的身份。
10:59
to be queer, to be non-rich,
to be non-white.
to be non-white.
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3104
11:03
And when we show up at all ages
for whatever cause matters most to us --
for whatever cause matters most to us --
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无论是几岁，当我们为自己
最重视的东西挺身而出——
最重视的东西挺身而出——
拯救鲸鱼或是维护民主——
11:07
save the whales, save the democracy --
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我们不仅是在使
这些行动更加高效，
这些行动更加高效，
11:10
we not only make
that effort more effective,
that effort more effective,
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在这一过程中也是
在消除年龄歧视。
在消除年龄歧视。
11:13
we dismantle ageism in the process.
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11:16
Longevity is here to stay.
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我们将更加长寿。
结束年龄歧视的运动在进行中。
11:18
A movement to end ageism is underway.
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我是其中一员，我希望你们也加入我。
11:20
I'm in it, and I hope you will join me.
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11:24
(Applause and cheers)
254
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（观众掌声和欢呼声）
11:28
Thank you. Let's do it! Let's do it!
255
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4165
谢谢，让我们行动起来！行动起来！
11:33
(Applause)
256
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2895
（观众掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ashton Applewhite - Author, activistAshton Applewhite asks us to look at ageism -- the assumption that older people are alike and that aging impoverishes us.
Why you should listen
Ashton Applewhite would like us to think differently about growing older. As she writes: "Aging is a natural, lifelong, powerful process that unites us all. So how come so many of us unthinkingly assume that depression, diapers, and dementia lie ahead? Because of ageism -- the last socially sanctioned prejudice."
She's the author of This Chair Rocks: A Manifesto Against Ageism and is the voice of the Yo, Is This Ageist? blog. She is also the author of Cutting Loose: Why Women Who End Their Marriages Do So Well -- and was a clue on Jeopardy! as the author of the mega bestseller series, Truly Tasteless Jokes. (Who is Blanche Knott?)
Ashton Applewhite | Speaker | TED.com