ABOUT THE SPEAKER
John Koenig - Writer
John Koenig is writing an original dictionary of made-up words.

Why you should listen

John Koenig has spent the last seven years writing an original dictionary of made-up words, The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows, which fills gaps in the language with hundreds of new terms for emotions. This project seeks to restore sadness to its original meaning (from Latin satis, "fullness") by defining moments of melancholy that we may all feel, but never think to mention -- deepening our understanding of each other by broadening the emotional palette, from avenoir, "the desire to see memories in advance," to zenosyne, "the sense that time keeps going faster."

Each entry is a collage of word roots borrowed from languages all around the world. Some entries are even beginning to enter the language outright:

sonder n. The realization that each random passerby is living a life as vivid and complex as your own -- populated with their own ambitions, friends, routines, worries and inherited craziness -- an epic story that continues invisibly around you like an anthill sprawling deep underground, with elaborate passageways to thousands of other lives that you'll never know existed, in which you might appear only once, as an extra sipping coffee in the background, as a blur of traffic passing on the highway, as a lighted window at dusk.

His original YouTube series, The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows, which he writes, edits and narrates himself, has drawn acclaim from John Green and Beyoncé to Michael from Vsauce. "Each episode is a soothing meditation on its subject, fortified by a hypnotic soundtrack and Koenig’s twistingly intelligent narration," writes The Daily Dot.

He currently works as a freelance video editor, voice actor, graphic designer, illustrator, photographer, director and writer. His writing has been published in countless tattoos, stories, song titles and band names, but never on paper -- though he is currently working on publishing a book adaptation. Originally from Minnesota and Geneva, Switzerland, John lives in Budapest with his wife.

More profile about the speaker
John Koenig | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxBerkeley

John Koenig: Beautiful new words to describe obscure emotions

John Koenig: Fermosas palabras novas para describir emocións escuras

Filmed:
1,814,744 views

A John Koenig encántalle atopar palabras que expresen os nosos sentimentos non manifestados, como "lachesism (fame de desastre) e "sonder" (o recoñecemento que as vidas de todos os demais son tan complexas e descoñecidas como a nosa). Nesta charla, el medita sobre o significado que lles damos ás palabras e como estes significados se aferran a nós.
- Writer
John Koenig is writing an original dictionary of made-up words. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
Today I want to talk
about the meaning of words,
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Hoxe quero falar
do significado das palabras,
00:16
how we define them
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cómo as definimos
00:17
and how they, almost as revenge,
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e cómo, case como en vinganza,
00:20
define us.
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elas nos definen.
00:21
The English language
is a magnificent sponge.
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O idioma inglés é unha gran esponxa.
00:24
I love the English language.
I'm glad that I speak it.
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Amo o inglés e encántame falalo.
00:27
But for all that, it has a lot of holes.
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Pero por todo iso, ten moitos baleiros.
00:30
In Greek, there's a word, "lachesism"
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En grego, existe a palabra "lachesism"
00:32
which is the hunger for disaster.
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que é "fame de desastre".
00:36
You know, when you see
a thunderstorm on the horizon
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Como cando vén unha tormenta no horizonte
00:40
and you just find yourself
rooting for the storm.
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e arelamos que chegue.
00:44
In Mandarin, they have a word "yù yī" --
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En mandarín, teñen a palabra "yù yī"
00:46
I'm not pronouncing that correctly --
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(Non a pronuncio ben)
00:48
which means the longing
to feel intensely again
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que significa a saudade
de sentir de forma intensa
00:51
the way you did when you were a kid.
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como cando eran nenos.
00:55
In Polish, they have a word "jouska"
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En polaco, teñen a palabra "jouska"
00:58
which is the kind of
hypothetical conversation
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que é un tipo de conversación hipotética
01:02
that you compulsively
play out in your head.
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que compulsivamente tes na túa cabeza.
01:06
And finally, in German,
of course in German,
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E en alemán, por suposto,
01:09
they have a word called "zielschmerz"
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teñen a palabra "zielschmerz"
01:12
which is the dread
of getting what you want.
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que é o medo a obter o que queres.
01:15
(Laughter)
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(Risas)
Por fin, cumprindo un soño de toda a vida.
01:20
Finally fulfilling a lifelong dream.
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01:23
I'm German myself,
so I know exactly what that feels like.
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Son alemán e sei cómo se sente.
01:27
Now, I'm not sure
if I would use any of these words
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Non estou seguro
de se usaría algunha destas palabras
01:29
as I go about my day,
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no meu día a día,
01:31
but I'm really glad they exist.
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pero alégrome de que existan.
01:33
But the only reason they exist
is because I made them up.
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Pero a única razón de que existan
é que eu as inventei.
01:37
I am the author of "The Dictionary
of Obscure Sorrows,"
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Son o autor do
Dicionario de Coitas Escuras,
01:41
which I've been writing
for the last seven years.
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que estiven escribindo
durante os últimos 7 anos.
01:44
And the whole mission of the project
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E a meta toda do proxecto
01:46
is to find holes
in the language of emotion
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é atopar baleiros na linguaxe das emocións
01:51
and try to fill them
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e procurar enchelos
01:52
so that we have a way of talking
about all those human peccadilloes
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para termos un xeito de falar
sobre todos os pecadiños humanos
01:56
and quirks of the human condition
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e as peculiaridades da condición humana
01:58
that we all feel
but may not think to talk about
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que todos sentimos,
pero sobre as que non falamos
02:02
because we don't have the words to do it.
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porque non temos as palabras axeitadas.
02:05
And about halfway through this project,
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Á metade do proxecto,
02:08
I defined "sonder,"
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definín "sonder",
02:09
the idea that we all think of ourselves
as the main character
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a idea na que todos
nos consideramos protagonistas
02:13
and everyone else is just extras.
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e os demais son extras.
02:15
But in reality,
we're all the main character,
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Pero en realidade,
todos somos os protagonistas
02:18
and you yourself are an extra
in someone else's story.
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e ti mesmo es un extra
na historia do outro.
02:23
And so as soon as I published that,
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En canto o publiquei,
02:26
I got a lot of response from people
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tiven moitas respostas da xente
02:28
saying, "Thank you for giving voice
to something I had felt all my life
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dicindo "Grazas por nomear
algo que sentín toda a miña vida,
02:32
but there was no word for that."
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pero ao que non sabía como chamarlle".
02:35
So it made them feel less alone.
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Fíxoos menos solitarios.
02:38
That's the power of words,
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Ese é o poder das palabras:
02:40
to make us feel less alone.
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facérennos sentir menos sós.
Pouco tempo despois
comecei a notar que "sonder"
02:44
And it was not long after that
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02:46
that I started to notice sonder
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02:47
being used earnestly
in conversations online,
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estába a usarse en conversacións en liña,
02:52
and not long after I actually noticed it,
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e non moito despois de notalo,
02:55
I caught it next to me
in an actual conversation in person.
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escoiteino nunha conversa real.
Non hai sentimento máis raro
que inventar unha palabra
02:58
There is no stranger feeling
than making up a word
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03:01
and then seeing it
take on a mind of its own.
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e logo vela adoptada por outra mente.
Non teño palabra para isto aínda,
pero tereina.
03:05
I don't have a word
for that yet, but I will.
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(Risas)
03:07
(Laughter)
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03:09
I'm working on it.
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Estou niso.
03:11
I started to think
about what makes words real,
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Empecei a pensar sobre
que fai reais as palabras
03:15
because a lot of people ask me,
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porque moitos me preguntan,
03:17
the most common thing
I got from people is,
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o máis común que me din é:
03:19
"Well, are these words made up?
I don't really understand."
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"Mais, estas palabras son inventadas?
Non acabo de entendelo".
03:22
And I didn't really know what to tell them
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Non souben que dicirlles
porque cando "sonder" despegou
03:24
because once sonder started to take off,
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03:26
who am I to say what words
are real and what aren't.
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non podía dicir que palabras
son ou non reais.
03:30
And so I sort of felt like Steve Jobs,
who described his epiphany
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Así sentinme como Steve Jobs
describindo a súa epifanía,
03:34
as when he realized that most of us,
as we go through the day,
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cando viu que moitos de nos
no noso día a día
03:37
we just try to avoid
bouncing against the walls too much
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tratamos de evitar golpearnos
coas paredes a miúdo
03:40
and just sort of get on with things.
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e completamos os nosos deberes.
03:43
But once you realize that people --
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Mais cando te decatas de que a xente...
03:48
that this world was built
by people no smarter than you,
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que este mundo foi feito por persoas
non máis intelixentes ca ti,
03:52
then you can reach out
and touch those walls
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podes estricar a man e tocar esas paredes
03:54
and even put your hand through them
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a aínda atravesalas coas túas mans
03:55
and realize that you have
the power to change it.
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e ver que tes o poder de lograr cambios.
03:59
And when people ask me,
"Are these words real?"
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Cando me preguntan,
"Son reais estas palabras?".
04:02
I had a variety of answers
that I tried out.
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Tiña varias respostas que ensaiei.
04:04
Some of them made sense.
Some of them didn't.
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Algunhas con sentido. Outras non.
04:07
But one of them I tried out was,
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Pero unha que probei foi:
04:08
"Well, a word is real
if you want it to be real."
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"Ben, é real se queres que o sexa".
04:12
The way that this path is real
because people wanted it to be there.
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Como este camiño que é real
porque a xente desexa que estea aí.
04:16
(Laughter)
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(Risas)
04:18
It happens on college
campuses all the time.
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Sucede nas universidades seguido.
04:20
It's called a "desire path."
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Chámase "camiño do desexo".
04:21
(Laughter)
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(Risas)
04:22
But then I decided,
what people are really asking
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Pero decidín que o que preguntan
en realidade
cando preguntan se a palabra
é real, é:
04:25
when they're asking if a word is real,
they're really asking,
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04:27
"Well, how many brains
will this give me access to?"
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"A cantas mentes terei acceso con ela?".
04:33
Because I think that's
a lot of how we look at language.
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Porque creo que se parece moito
a como vemos a linguaxe.
04:35
A word is essentially a key
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Unha palabra é en esencia unha chave
04:38
that gets us into certain people's heads.
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que nos dá acceso ás cabezas dos outros.
04:41
And if it gets us into one brain,
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E se nos dá acceso a unha cabeza,
04:44
it's not really worth it,
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non paga a pena,
04:46
not really worth knowing.
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non serve sabela.
04:47
Two brains, eh, it depends on who it is.
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Dous cerebros, depende de quen sexan.
04:49
A million brains, OK, now we're talking.
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Un millón de cerebros, ben, está ben.
04:52
And so a real word is one that gets you
access to as many brains as you can.
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Unha palabra real é a que che dá acceso
a tantas mentes como poidas.
04:59
That's what makes it worth knowing.
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Por iso paga a pena sabela.
05:02
Incidentally, the realest word of all
by this measure is this.
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Logo, a palabra máis real
con esta medida é esta:
05:06
[O.K.]
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O.K.
05:08
That's it.
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Iso é.
05:09
The realest word we have.
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Temos a máis real.
05:11
That is the closest thing we have
to a master key.
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É o máis preto a unha chave mestra.
05:13
That's the most commonly
understood word in the world,
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É a palabra máis comprendida no mundo,
sen importar onde esteas.
05:16
no matter where you are.
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05:17
The problem with that is,
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O problema é que
05:18
no one seems to know
what those two letters stand for.
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ninguén parece saber
que significan esas dúas letras.
05:21
(Laughter)
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(Risas)
05:23
Which is kind of weird, right?
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O que é algo raro, non si?
05:26
I mean, it could be a misspelling
of "all correct," I guess,
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Creo que podería ser
un erro de "all correct"
05:29
or "old kinderhook."
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ou "old kinderhook".
05:30
No one really seems to know,
but the fact that it doesn't matter
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Ninguén parece sabelo,
pero o feito de que tanto nos dea
05:34
says something about
how we add meaning to words.
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di algo sobre como
engadimos significado ás palabras.
05:38
The meaning is not
in the words themselves.
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O significado non está nas palabras.
05:41
We're the ones
that pour ourselves into it.
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Somos nós quen nos metemos nelas.
05:45
And I think, when we're all searching
for meaning in our lives,
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Penso que cando estamos
buscando sentido nas nosas vidas
05:50
and searching for the meaning of life,
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e buscando sentido á vida,
05:51
I think words have
something to do with that.
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penso que as palabras teñen que ver niso.
05:56
And I think if you're looking
for the meaning of something,
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Creo que se estás buscando
o significado de algo,
05:58
the dictionary is a decent place to start.
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o dicionario é o lugar para comezar.
06:01
It brings a sense of order
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Dálle un sentido de orde
06:04
to a very chaotic universe.
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a un universo moi caótico.
06:06
Our view of things is so limited
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A nosa visión das cousas é tan limitada
06:09
that we have to come up
with patterns and shorthands
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que debemos inventar
patróns e abreviaturas
06:12
and try to figure out
a way to interpret it
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e tratar de descubrir
una forma de interpretala
06:14
and be able to get on with our day.
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e poder seguir co teu día a día.
06:17
We need words to contain us,
to define ourselves.
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Necesitamos palabras
que nos inclúan, que nos definan.
06:21
I think a lot of us feel boxed in
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Creo que moitos nos sentimos limitados
06:24
by how we use these words.
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por como usamos estas palabras.
06:25
We forget that words are made up.
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Esquecemos que son inventadas.
06:28
It's not just my words.
All words are made up,
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Non só ás miñas palabras.
Todas son inventadas,
06:31
but not all of them mean something.
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pero non todas significan algo.
06:33
We're all just sort of
trapped in our own lexicons
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Estamos atrapados no noso léxico
06:38
that don't necessarily correlate
with people who aren't already like us,
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que non sempre coincide coa xente
que xa non é coma nós
06:42
and so I think I feel us drifting apart
a little more every year,
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e penso que estamos a distanciarnos
un pouco máis ano a ano,
06:47
the more seriously we take words.
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canto máis en serio tomamos as palabras.
06:51
Because remember, words are not real.
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Lembren, as palabras non son reais.
06:55
They don't have meaning. We do.
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Non teñen significado. Nós si.
06:58
And I'd like to leave you with a reading
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E quero deixalos cunha pasaxe
07:01
from one of my favorite philosophers,
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dun dos meus filósofos favoritos,
07:04
Bill Watterson, who created
"Calvin and Hobbes."
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Bill Watterson, creador de
Calvin e Hobbes.
07:06
He said,
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El dixo:
07:09
"Creating a life that reflects
your values and satisfies your soul
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"Crear unha vida que reflicta
os teus valores e satisfaga a túa alma
07:12
is a rare achievement.
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é un logro pouco común.
07:14
To invent your own life's meaning
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Inventar o significado da túa propia vida
07:17
is not easy,
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é un logro pouco frecuente,
07:18
but it is still allowed,
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pero aínda está permitido
07:20
and I think you'll be
happier for the trouble."
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e coido que serás
máis feliz pola dificultade".
07:23
Thank you.
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Grazas.
07:24
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
Translated by Andrea Garriga M.
Reviewed by Xosé María Moreno

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
John Koenig - Writer
John Koenig is writing an original dictionary of made-up words.

Why you should listen

John Koenig has spent the last seven years writing an original dictionary of made-up words, The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows, which fills gaps in the language with hundreds of new terms for emotions. This project seeks to restore sadness to its original meaning (from Latin satis, "fullness") by defining moments of melancholy that we may all feel, but never think to mention -- deepening our understanding of each other by broadening the emotional palette, from avenoir, "the desire to see memories in advance," to zenosyne, "the sense that time keeps going faster."

Each entry is a collage of word roots borrowed from languages all around the world. Some entries are even beginning to enter the language outright:

sonder n. The realization that each random passerby is living a life as vivid and complex as your own -- populated with their own ambitions, friends, routines, worries and inherited craziness -- an epic story that continues invisibly around you like an anthill sprawling deep underground, with elaborate passageways to thousands of other lives that you'll never know existed, in which you might appear only once, as an extra sipping coffee in the background, as a blur of traffic passing on the highway, as a lighted window at dusk.

His original YouTube series, The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows, which he writes, edits and narrates himself, has drawn acclaim from John Green and Beyoncé to Michael from Vsauce. "Each episode is a soothing meditation on its subject, fortified by a hypnotic soundtrack and Koenig’s twistingly intelligent narration," writes The Daily Dot.

He currently works as a freelance video editor, voice actor, graphic designer, illustrator, photographer, director and writer. His writing has been published in countless tattoos, stories, song titles and band names, but never on paper -- though he is currently working on publishing a book adaptation. Originally from Minnesota and Geneva, Switzerland, John lives in Budapest with his wife.

More profile about the speaker
John Koenig | Speaker | TED.com