TEDYouth 2015
Raymond Wang: How germs travel on planes -- and how we can stop them
Raymond Wang: Bagaimana kuman menyebar di dalam pesawat -- dan bagaimana kita bisa menghentikannya
Filmed:
Readability: 3.6
1,821,024 views
Raymond Wang masih berusia 17 tahun, tapi Ia sudah membantu mebangun masa depan yang lebih sehat. Dengan menggunakan dinamika fluida, Wang menciptakan simulasi komputasi bagaimana udara mengalir pada pesawat, dan hal yang ditemukannya cukup menggelisahkan -- ketika seseorang bersin di pesawat, aliran udara justru mempermudah penyebaran patogen ke penumpang lainnya. Wang menunjukkan animasi mengesankan tentang bagaimana bersin menyebar di dalam kabin pesawat, beserta solusinya yang telah meraih penghargaan: sebuah alat kecil berupa bilah untuk menambah sirkulasi udara bersih di dalam pesawat dan menggiring udara yang mengandung patogen keluar dari sirkulasi udara.
Raymond Wang - Inventor
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Can I get a show of hands --
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Tolong angkat tangan --
00:15
how many of you in this room
have been on a plane in this past year?
have been on a plane in this past year?
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berapa dari kalian di ruangan ini
yang sudah naik pesawat tahun lalu?
yang sudah naik pesawat tahun lalu?
00:20
That's pretty good.
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Cukup bagus.
00:21
Well, it turns out that you
share that experience
share that experience
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Sepertinya kalian memiliki pengalaman
yang sama
yang sama
00:24
with more than three billion
people every year.
people every year.
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seperti lebih dari 3 milyar
orang lainnya setiap tahun.
orang lainnya setiap tahun.
00:27
And when we put so many people
in all these metal tubes
in all these metal tubes
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Ketika kita masukkan cukup banyak orang
ke dalam tabung logam
ke dalam tabung logam
00:30
that fly all over the world,
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yang terbang ke seluruh dunia,
00:31
sometimes, things like this can happen
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kadang, hal seperti ini bisa terjadi
00:34
and you get a disease epidemic.
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dan kamu terjangkit wabah penyakit.
Saya pertama kali tertarik dengan
topik ini
topik ini
00:37
I first actually got into this topic
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00:39
when I heard about the Ebola
outbreak last year.
outbreak last year.
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saat mendengar tentang wabah Ebola
tahun lalu.
tahun lalu.
00:41
And it turns out that,
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Dan ternyata,
00:43
although Ebola spreads
through these more range-limited,
through these more range-limited,
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meski Ebola memiliki
jangkauan infeksi terbatas,
jangkauan infeksi terbatas,
00:46
large-droplet routes,
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melalui cairan tubuh,
00:47
there's all these other sorts of diseases
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terdapat berbagai macam penyakit lain
00:49
that can be spread in the airplane cabin.
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yang dapat menyebar di kabin pesawat.
00:51
The worst part is, when we take
a look at some of the numbers,
a look at some of the numbers,
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Yang paling buruk adalah, kalau
kita lihat statistiknya,
kita lihat statistiknya,
00:54
it's pretty scary.
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cukup mengerikan.
00:56
So with H1N1,
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Jadi dengan H1N1,
00:57
there was this guy that decided
to go on the plane
to go on the plane
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seorang pria yang memutuskan naik pesawat
01:00
and in the matter of a single flight
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dan hanya dalam satu kali penerbangan
01:02
actually spread the disease
to 17 other people.
to 17 other people.
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menularkan penyakitnya pada 17 orang.
01:04
And then there was this
other guy with SARS,
other guy with SARS,
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Lalu ada pria ini, yang menderita SARS,
01:06
who managed to go on a three-hour flight
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yang duduk dalam penerbangan selama 3 jam
01:08
and spread the disease to 22 other people.
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dan menulari 22 orang lainnya.
01:11
That's not exactly my idea
of a great superpower.
of a great superpower.
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Tentu saja itu tidak keren.
01:15
When we take a look at this,
what we also find
what we also find
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Kalau kita pelajari, kita akan menemukan
01:18
is that it's very difficult
to pre-screen for these diseases.
to pre-screen for these diseases.
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bahwa sangat sulit melakukan
pemindaian dini penyakit ini.
pemindaian dini penyakit ini.
01:21
So when someone actually
goes on a plane,
goes on a plane,
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Jadi ketika seseorang naik pesawat,
01:23
they could be sick
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dia bisa saja sakit
01:24
and they could actually
be in this latency period
be in this latency period
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dan dia bisa saja masih berada
dalam periode latensi
dalam periode latensi
01:27
in which they could actually
have the disease
have the disease
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dimana dia sudah terjangkit
01:29
but not exhibit any symptoms,
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namun belum menunjukkan gejala,
01:31
and they could, in turn,
spread the disease
spread the disease
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dan karenanya, dapat
menyebarkan penyakit itu
menyebarkan penyakit itu
01:33
to many other people in the cabin.
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ke banyak penumpang lain di kabin.
01:35
How that actually works is that right now
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Bagaimana ini terjadi, yaitu melalui
01:37
we've got air coming in
from the top of the cabin
from the top of the cabin
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udara yang masuk melalui bagian atas kabin
01:39
and from the side of the cabin,
as you see in blue.
as you see in blue.
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dan dari bagian samping kabin,
yang warna biru.
yang warna biru.
01:41
And then also, that air goes out
through these very efficient filters
through these very efficient filters
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Lalu, udara yang sama keluar melalui
saringan udara yang sangat efisien ini
saringan udara yang sangat efisien ini
01:46
that eliminate 99.97 percent
of pathogens near the outlets.
of pathogens near the outlets.
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mampu menghilangkan 99,97 persen
patogen, yang terletak di ventilasi.
patogen, yang terletak di ventilasi.
01:51
What happens right now, though,
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Namun yang terjadi sekarang,
01:52
is that we have this
mixing airflow pattern.
mixing airflow pattern.
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kita mendapatkan
percampuran aliran udara.
percampuran aliran udara.
01:55
So if someone were to actually sneeze,
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Jadi jika seseorang bersin.
01:56
that air would get swirled
around multiple times
around multiple times
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udara terkontaminasi menyebar
di sekeliling beberapa kali
di sekeliling beberapa kali
01:59
before it even has a chance
to go out through the filter.
to go out through the filter.
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sebelum dapat melewati
saringan udara.
saringan udara.
02:03
So I thought: clearly, this
is a pretty serious problem.
is a pretty serious problem.
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Jadi saya pikir: ini jelas
merupakan masalah serius.
merupakan masalah serius.
02:07
I didn't have the money
to go out and buy a plane,
to go out and buy a plane,
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Saya tak punya uang untuk membeli pesawat,
02:10
so I decided to build a computer instead.
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jadi saya putuskan merakit komputer saja.
02:13
It actually turns out that
with computational fluid dynamics,
with computational fluid dynamics,
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Ternyata dengan memakai
dinamika fluida komputasi,
dinamika fluida komputasi,
02:16
what we're able to do
is create these simulations
is create these simulations
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kita bisa membuat simulasi berikut
02:18
that give us higher resolutions
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dengan resolusi lebih tinggi pula
02:20
than actually physically going
in and taking readings in the plane.
in and taking readings in the plane.
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daripada benar-benar menggunakan
pesawat sungguhan.
pesawat sungguhan.
02:24
And so how, essentially, this works
is you would start out
is you would start out
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Cara kerjanya seperti ini,
kita mulai dengan
kita mulai dengan
02:27
with these 2D drawings --
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gambar 2D ini --
02:29
these are floating around
in technical papers around the Internet.
in technical papers around the Internet.
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gambar ini banyak terdapat pada
karya ilmiah teknis di Internet.
karya ilmiah teknis di Internet.
02:32
I take that and then I put it
into this 3D-modeling software,
into this 3D-modeling software,
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Saya mengambil dan memasukkannya
di program modeling 3D ini,
di program modeling 3D ini,
02:35
really building that 3D model.
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dan benar-benar dapat berhasil.
02:37
And then I divide that model
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
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Lalu saya memisahkan model yang saya buat
itu menjadi bagian-bagian kecil ini,
itu menjadi bagian-bagian kecil ini,
02:41
essentially meshing it so that
the computer can better understand it.
the computer can better understand it.
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pada dasarnya membuat mesh darinya
agar komputer lebih mampu memahaminya.
agar komputer lebih mampu memahaminya.
02:45
And then I tell the computer where
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
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Saya masukkan data tentang
keluar-masuk udara kabin ke komputer,
keluar-masuk udara kabin ke komputer,
02:49
throw in a bunch of physics
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dan menggunakan hukum fisika,
02:50
and basically sit there and wait until
the computer calculates the simulation.
the computer calculates the simulation.
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saya tinggal duduk menunggu komputer
mengkalkulasi simulasi itu.
mengkalkulasi simulasi itu.
02:56
So what we get, actually,
with the conventional cabin is this:
with the conventional cabin is this:
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Jadi yang kita dapatkan dari
kabin konvensional adalah:
kabin konvensional adalah:
02:59
you'll notice the middle person sneezing,
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ketika orang di tengah itu bersin,
03:02
and we go "Splat!" -- it goes
right into people's faces.
right into people's faces.
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semburannya langsung mengenai
muka penumpang lain.
muka penumpang lain.
03:06
It's pretty disgusting.
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Sungguh menijikkan.
03:08
From the front, you'll notice
those two passengers
those two passengers
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Dari depan, kalian bisa lihat
dua penumpang
dua penumpang
03:11
sitting next to the central passenger
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yang duduk di sampingya
03:12
not exactly having a great time.
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pasti merasa jengkel.
03:14
And when we take a look
at that from the side,
at that from the side,
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dan kalau kita lihat dari samping,
03:16
you'll also notice those pathogens
spreading across the length of the cabin.
spreading across the length of the cabin.
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kalian bisa lihat bahwa patogen
menyebar sepanjang kabin.
menyebar sepanjang kabin.
03:22
The first thing I thought was,
"This is no good."
"This is no good."
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Saya langsung berpikir,
"Ini nggak bagus."
"Ini nggak bagus."
03:24
So I actually conducted
more than 32 different simulations
more than 32 different simulations
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Jadi saya sudah melakukan
lebih dari 32 simulasi berbeda
lebih dari 32 simulasi berbeda
03:27
and ultimately, I came up
with this solution right here.
with this solution right here.
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dan puncaknya, saya menemukan solusi ini.
03:31
This is what I call a -- patent pending --
Global Inlet Director.
Global Inlet Director.
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Ini yang saya sebut -- masih menunggu
hak paten -- Global Inlet Director.
hak paten -- Global Inlet Director.
03:34
With this, we're able to reduce
pathogen transmission
pathogen transmission
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Dengan ini, kita dapat mengurangi
transmisi patogen
transmisi patogen
03:37
by about 55 times,
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55 kali (lebih baik),
03:39
and increase fresh-air inhalation
by about 190 percent.
by about 190 percent.
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dan menambahkan inhalasi
udara bersih sebesar 190 persen.
udara bersih sebesar 190 persen.
03:42
So how this actually works
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Jadi begini cara kerjanya.
03:44
is we would install this piece
of composite material
of composite material
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Kita pasang bagian yang terbuat dari
material komposit ini
material komposit ini
03:47
into these existing spots
that are already in the plane.
that are already in the plane.
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pada titik-titik berikut di dalam pesawat.
03:50
So it's very cost-effective to install
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Jadi pemasangan benda ini sangat hemat
03:52
and we can do this directly overnight.
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dan dapat dilakukan dalam semalam.
03:54
All we have to do is put a couple
of screws in there and you're good to go.
of screws in there and you're good to go.
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Kita cukup memasang beberapa baut
dan selesai sudah.
dan selesai sudah.
03:57
And the results that we get
are absolutely amazing.
are absolutely amazing.
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Dan hasilnya sungguh menakjubkan.
04:00
Instead of having those problematic
swirling airflow patterns,
swirling airflow patterns,
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Alih-alih aliran udara yang berputar
tak karuan seperti tadi,
tak karuan seperti tadi,
04:04
we can create these walls of air
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kita dapat membuat dinding udara ini
04:05
that come down in-between the passengers
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yang bergerak turun di antara penumpang
04:08
to create personalized breathing zones.
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guna memberikan zona-bernafas pribadi.
04:09
So you'll notice the middle passenger
here is sneezing again,
here is sneezing again,
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Jadi ketika penumpang di tengah
ini bersin lagi,
ini bersin lagi,
04:12
but this time, we're able
to effectively push that down
to effectively push that down
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kali ini kita bisa mengarahkannya
ke bawah dengan efektif
ke bawah dengan efektif
04:15
to the filters for elimination.
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menuju saringan udara untuk dieliminasi.
04:18
And same thing from the side,
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Di samping terjadi hal sama,
04:19
you'll notice we're able to directly
push those pathogens down.
push those pathogens down.
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kamu bisa lihat kini patogen
terdorong ke bawah.
terdorong ke bawah.
04:23
So if you take a look again now
at the same scenario
at the same scenario
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Jadi kalau kamu lihat lagi
skenario yang sama sekarang,
skenario yang sama sekarang,
04:27
but with this innovation installed,
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tapi dengan inovasi ini terpasang,
04:28
you'll notice the middle
passenger sneezes,
passenger sneezes,
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ketika penumpang di tengah bersin,
04:30
and this time, we're pushing
that straight down into the outlet
that straight down into the outlet
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dan kali ini, kita membuatnya langsung
ke bawah menuju outlet
ke bawah menuju outlet
04:34
before it gets a chance
to infect any other people.
to infect any other people.
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sebelum mendapat kesempatan
untuk menjangkiti orang lain.
untuk menjangkiti orang lain.
04:37
So you'll notice the two passengers
sitting next to the middle guy
sitting next to the middle guy
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Jadi kedua penumpang yang duduk
di samping orang itu
di samping orang itu
04:40
are breathing virtually
no pathogens at all.
no pathogens at all.
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hampir tidak menghirup
patogen sama sekali.
patogen sama sekali.
04:43
Take a look at that from the side as well,
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Dilihat dari samping juga,
04:45
you see a very efficient system.
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sistem ini sangat efisien.
04:47
And in short, with this system, we win.
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Pendek kata, dengan sistem ini,
kita menang.
kita menang.
04:51
When we take a look at what this means,
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Jadi apa artinya, yang kita lihat disini
04:54
what we see is that this not only works
if the middle passenger sneezes,
if the middle passenger sneezes,
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sistem ini tidak hanya bekerja
jika penumpang di tengah bersin,
jika penumpang di tengah bersin,
04:57
but also if the window-seat
passenger sneezes
passenger sneezes
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namun juga ketika penumpang yang
duduk di dekat jendela
duduk di dekat jendela
05:00
or if the aisle-seat passenger sneezes.
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atau penumpang di sisi lorong bersin.
05:03
And so with this solution, what does
this mean for the world?
this mean for the world?
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Jadi apa arti solusi ini untuk dunia?
05:06
Well, when we take a look at this
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Jadi kalau kita lihat aplikasi
05:09
from the computer simulation
into real life,
into real life,
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simulasi computer dalam kehidupan nyata,
05:12
we can see with this 3D model
that I built over here,
that I built over here,
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dapat kita lihat dengan model 3D
menggunakan printer 3D
menggunakan printer 3D
05:15
essentially using 3D printing,
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yang saya buat di sini,
05:17
we can see those same
airflow patterns coming down,
airflow patterns coming down,
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kita bisa melihat pola aliran udara
yang sama menuju ke bawah,
yang sama menuju ke bawah,
05:20
right to the passengers.
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langsung ke penumpang.
05:22
In the past, the SARS epidemic
actually cost the world
actually cost the world
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Dulu, wabah SARS menghabiskan biaya
05:26
about 40 billion dollars.
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sekitar 40 milyar dolar.
05:27
And in the future,
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Dan di masa depan,
05:29
a big disease outbreak
could actually cost the world
could actually cost the world
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wabah besar dapat memakan biaya
05:31
in excess of three trillion dollars.
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hingga lebih dari 3 triliun dolar.
05:33
So before, it used to be that you had
to take an airplane out of service
to take an airplane out of service
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Jadi sebelumnya, kita harus
mengistirahatkan pesawat
mengistirahatkan pesawat
05:37
for one to two months,
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selama 1 hingga 2 bulan,
05:39
spend tens of thousands of man hours
and several million dollars
and several million dollars
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menghabiskan ribuan jam dan
beberapa juta dolar
beberapa juta dolar
untuk mencoba mengubah sesuatu.
05:42
to try to change something.
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05:44
But now, we're able to install
something essentially overnight
something essentially overnight
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Tapi sekarang, kita dapat memasang
system ini dengan mudah dalam semalam
system ini dengan mudah dalam semalam
05:47
and see results right away.
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dan langsung mendapatkan hasil.
05:49
So it's really now a matter of taking
this through to certification,
this through to certification,
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Jadi kini tinggal mendapatkan sertifikasi
atas penemuan ini,
atas penemuan ini,
05:52
flight testing,
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uji coba penerbangan,
05:54
and going through all of these
regulatory approvals processes.
regulatory approvals processes.
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dan melalui semua proses perizinan
yang ada.
yang ada.
05:57
But it just really goes to show
that sometimes the best solutions
that sometimes the best solutions
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Tapi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa
terkadang solusi terbaik
terkadang solusi terbaik
06:00
are the simplest solutions.
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adalah solusi termudah.
06:01
And two years ago, even,
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Dan bahkan dua tahun yang lalu,
06:05
this project would not have happened,
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proyek ini tidak mungkin dilakukan,
06:06
just because the technology then
wouldn't have supported it.
wouldn't have supported it.
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hanya karena teknologi yang ada
tidak mendukung.
tidak mendukung.
06:09
But now with advanced computing
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Namun sekarang, dengan komputasi lanjutan
06:12
and how developed our Internet is,
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dan perkembangan Internet,
06:14
it's really the golden era for innovation.
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kita ada dalam masa keemasaan
bagi inovasi.
bagi inovasi.
Dan pertanyaan yang saya tanyakan pada
kalian semua hari ini: Kenapa menunggu?
kalian semua hari ini: Kenapa menunggu?
06:17
And so the question I ask all
of you today is: why wait?
of you today is: why wait?
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06:20
Together, we can build the future today.
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Bersama, kita dapat membangun masa depan,
hari ini.
hari ini.
06:23
Thanks.
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Terima kasih.
06:24
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Raymond Wang - InventorRaymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers.
Why you should listen
Raymond Wang is a Canadian youth innovator who is passionate about science, technology, engineering and entrepreneurship. He is one of Canada's Top 20 Under 20, and most recently, the recipient of the Gordon E. Moore award for the Top Project at the 2015 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF).
Raymond enjoys exploring STEM and promoting global sustainability. His latest engineering innovations, including his work with aircraft cabin airflow and his inventions of the “Weather Harvester,” “Smart Knee Assistant” and "Smart Bin,” have achieved international recognition.
Raymond is enthusiastic about inspiring others to pursue STEM opportunities. He actively reaches out to the local community through camps & associations, in addition to communities around the world through YouTube & Modern Media.
Having a strong passion for sustainability, Raymond has founded Sustainable Youth Canada, a youth-led non-profit organization dedicated to empowering young people in Affiliated Regions established from coast to coast to be leaders in tackling issues with environmental and energy sustainability.
In his spare time, Raymond enjoys exploring music as both a National Youth Band clarinetist and an avid pianist. He is also a keen director of films and videos; many of his productions have been recognized at local film festivals.
Raymond envisions himself pursuing a career in science, applying research and innovation with a business approach to do his part in bettering the world.
Raymond Wang | Speaker | TED.com