TEDxBeaconStreet
Kandice Sumner: How America's public schools keep kids in poverty
坎德丝・萨姆纳: 美国公立学校如何未能让孩子走出贫困
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Readability: 3.9
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为什么一个好的教育仅限于富人的孩子？美国低收入社区的学校，特别是有色人种的社区学校，缺少富裕学校中那些标准的资源：乐器、新书、健康的学校午餐和足球场。这些都对学生的潜力产生了深刻的影响。坎德丝 萨姆纳在她波士顿的教室里每天都会看到不平等。在这个启发人心的演讲里，她要求我们面对事实，并挑战事实。
Kandice Sumner - Educator
Kandice Sumner thinks we've been looking at the "achievement gap" in education all wrong. Full bio
Kandice Sumner thinks we've been looking at the "achievement gap" in education all wrong. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I want to talk to you about my kids.
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我想和你们谈谈我的孩子们，
我知道每个人会都觉得
自己的孩子是最棒的，
自己的孩子是最棒的，
00:15
Now, I know everyone thinks
that their kid is the most fantastic,
that their kid is the most fantastic,
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是世界上最漂亮的。
00:20
the most beautiful kid that ever lived.
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但是我的孩子们，
他们真的是这样。
他们真的是这样。
00:23
But mine really are.
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（笑声）
00:24
(Laughter)
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我有696个孩子，
00:25
I have 696 kids,
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他们是你见过的最聪明，
最具创造力，
最具创造力，
00:28
and they are the most intelligent,
inventive, innovative,
inventive, innovative,
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最有才华，最有能力的孩子。
00:32
brilliant and powerful kids
that you'll ever meet.
that you'll ever meet.
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任何我有幸教导过的
学生，都是我的孩子。
学生，都是我的孩子。
00:37
Any student I've had the honor of teaching
in my classroom is my kid.
in my classroom is my kid.
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但是，因为他们的
亲生父母并不富裕，
亲生父母并不富裕，
00:42
However, because their "real"
parents aren't rich
parents aren't rich
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而且他们大多数都是有色人种，
00:46
and, I argue, because they
are mostly of color,
are mostly of color,
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所以他们很少看到我眼中的
00:49
they will seldom get to see in themselves
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他们的闪光点。
00:51
the awesomeness that I see in them.
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因为我在他们的身上
看见了自己的影子，
看见了自己的影子，
00:54
Because what I see in them is myself --
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或是说本可能是我现在的情况。
00:57
or what would have been myself.
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我是两个勤奋的，有大学学历的
01:01
I am the daughter of two hardworking,
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非裔美籍父母的女儿，
01:04
college-educated, African-American parents
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他们选择成为了人民的公仆，
01:06
who chose careers as public servants:
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我的父亲是牧师，
我的母亲是教育工作者。
我的母亲是教育工作者。
01:09
my father, a minister;
my mother, an educator.
my mother, an educator.
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财富从来都不是
我们家庭的第一目标。
我们家庭的第一目标。
01:13
Wealth was never the primary
ambition in our house.
ambition in our house.
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因为不算富裕，
01:16
Because of this lack of wealth,
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01:18
we lived in a neighborhood
that lacked wealth,
that lacked wealth,
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我们住在一个贫穷的社区，
因此附近的学校条件也不算很好。
01:20
and henceforth a school system
that lacked wealth.
that lacked wealth.
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01:24
Luckily, however, we struck
the educational jackpot
the educational jackpot
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幸运的是，当时我们中了教育的大奖，
他们启动了一个
无偿废除种族歧视的项目，
无偿废除种族歧视的项目，
01:28
in a voluntary desegregation program
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把城市内黑皮肤和棕皮肤的孩子，
01:30
that buses inner-city kids --
black and brown --
black and brown --
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接送到到城郊富裕的白人学校读书。
01:33
out to suburban schools -- rich and white.
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五岁时，我要乘一个小时的巴士，
01:37
At five years old, I had to take
an hour-long bus ride
an hour-long bus ride
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到很远的地方，
01:41
to a faraway place
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接受更好的教育。
01:43
to get a better education.
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五岁的时候，
我以为每个人的生活都跟我一样。
我以为每个人的生活都跟我一样。
01:45
At five years old, I thought
everyone had a life just like mine.
everyone had a life just like mine.
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我以为每个人都会去学校上学，
01:50
I thought everyone went to school
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但是就只有我一个人用棕色蜡笔
01:52
and were the only ones
using the brown crayons
using the brown crayons
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给家庭画像上色，
01:55
to color in their family portraits,
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而其他人都是用浅色蜡笔的。
01:56
while everyone else was using
the peach-colored ones.
the peach-colored ones.
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五岁的时候，
我以为每个人都跟我一样。
我以为每个人都跟我一样。
02:00
At five years old, I thought
everyone was just like me.
everyone was just like me.
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但当我长大了，
我开始意识到一些事情，比如：
我开始意识到一些事情，比如：
02:04
But as I got older, I started
noticing things, like:
noticing things, like:
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为什么邻居家的小伙伴不用
02:08
How come my neighborhood friend
don't have to wake up
don't have to wake up
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在早上五点起床，
02:11
at five o'clock in the morning,
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去一小时车程外的学校？
02:13
and go to a school that's an hour away?
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为什么我能学习演奏小提琴，
02:16
How come I'm learning to play the violin
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而邻居家的小伙伴连音乐课都没有？
02:18
while my neighborhood friends
don't even have a music class?
don't even have a music class?
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为什么邻居家小伙伴的
学习和阅读材料
学习和阅读材料
02:23
Why were my neighborhood friends
learning and reading material
learning and reading material
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我在两三年前就学过了？
02:26
that I had done two to three years prior?
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随着年龄的增长，
02:29
See, as I got older,
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我开始产生一些负罪感，
02:32
I started to have
this unlawful feeling in my belly,
this unlawful feeling in my belly,
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像是我在做一些我不该做的事情，
02:36
like I was doing something
that I wasn't supposed to be doing;
that I wasn't supposed to be doing;
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拿走一些不属于我的东西；
02:40
taking something that wasn't mine;
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收到一份
02:43
receiving a gift,
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写着别人名字的礼物。
02:45
but with someone else's name on it.
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我能接触到的所有这些美好的事情，
02:47
All these amazing things
that I was being exposed to
that I was being exposed to
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我都觉得
02:51
and experiencing,
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超越了我应有的权利。
02:53
I felt I wasn't really supposed to have.
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我不应该有权进入图书馆、
使用装配齐全的健身器械，
使用装配齐全的健身器械，
02:57
I wasn't supposed to have a library,
fully equipped athletic facilities,
fully equipped athletic facilities,
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甚至在安全场地
玩耍的权利都没有。
玩耍的权利都没有。
03:01
or safe fields to play in.
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03:04
I wasn't supposed to have
theatre departments
theatre departments
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我们不应该有
拥有定期戏剧，演唱会,
03:06
with seasonal plays and concerts --
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数字化视觉表演艺术的戏剧学院。
03:08
digital, visual, performing arts.
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03:11
I wasn't supposed to have
fully resourced biology or chemistry labs,
fully resourced biology or chemistry labs,
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我本应无权进入有着
齐全设备的生物和化学实验室，
齐全设备的生物和化学实验室，
无权上挨家挨户载学生的校车，
03:16
school buses that brought me door-to-door,
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不应享用新鲜的学校午餐，
03:19
freshly prepared school lunches
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甚至是空调。
03:21
or even air conditioning.
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这些都是我的孩子们没有的。
03:24
These are things my kids don't get.
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长大后，
03:26
You see, as I got older,
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虽然我对这些难得的机会
03:28
while I was grateful
for this amazing opportunity
for this amazing opportunity
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感到感激，
03:31
that I was being given,
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但依旧有一些无法消散的痛楚：
03:32
there was this ever-present pang of:
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其他人怎么办呢？
03:36
But what about everyone else?
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有上千个和我一样的孩子，
03:39
There are thousands
of other kids just like me,
of other kids just like me,
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他们也应该得到这样的机会。
03:42
who deserve this, too.
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为什么不是所有人都有这个机会呢？
03:44
Why doesn't everyone get this?
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为什么高质量教育仅限于富人？
03:46
Why is a high-quality education
only exclusive to the rich?
only exclusive to the rich?
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我好像心存一些幸存者的怜悯，
03:51
It was like I had some sort
of survivor's remorse.
of survivor's remorse.
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我所有邻居家的小伙伴都在经历
03:55
All of my neighborhood friends
were experiencing
were experiencing
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一场教育界的脱轨，
03:57
an educational train wreck
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而我却乘坐着巴士，幸存了下来。
03:59
that I was saved from through a bus ride.
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我就像是教育界的摩西
（圣经中犹太人的古代领袖），大声呼喊，
（圣经中犹太人的古代领袖），大声呼喊，
04:04
I was like an educational Moses screaming,
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“让我的人民
04:06
"Let my people go ...
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走向高质量教育！”
04:08
to high-quality schools!"
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（笑声）
04:10
(Laughter)
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我亲眼见证过其他人是
如何被对待，被教育的。
如何被对待，被教育的。
04:11
I'd seen firsthand how the other half
was being treated and educated.
was being treated and educated.
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我见过有高质量教育保证的环境，
04:16
I'd seen the educational promised land,
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我要纠正这种不公，不是为了我自己。
04:19
and I could not for the life of me
justify the disparity.
justify the disparity.
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现在，我在一所和当年自己接受教育
庇护前的学校类似的学校执教，
庇护前的学校类似的学校执教，
04:25
I now teach in the very same school system
from which I sought refuge.
from which I sought refuge.
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我亲身知晓那些
在学生时代教给我的东西，
在学生时代教给我的东西，
04:30
I know firsthand the tools
that were given to me as a student,
that were given to me as a student,
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现在，作为一名老师，
我却没有能力把相同的东西
我却没有能力把相同的东西
04:35
and now as a teacher, I don't have
access to those same tools
access to those same tools
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教给我的学生。
04:39
to give my students.
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无数个夜晚，我在沮丧，
04:41
There have been countless nights
when I've cried in frustration,
when I've cried in frustration,
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愤怒，
04:46
anger
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和悲伤中哭泣，
04:47
and sorrow,
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因为我无法用我被教育的
那种方式来教育我的孩子们，
那种方式来教育我的孩子们，
04:48
because I can't teach my kids
the way that I was taught,
the way that I was taught,
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04:52
because I don't have access
to the same resources or tools
to the same resources or tools
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因为我接触不到那些
曾经在我接受教育时用到的
曾经在我接受教育时用到的
资源和工具。
04:56
that were used to teach me.
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我的孩子们本应得到更好的教育。
04:59
My kids deserve so much better.
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我们不断为这个概念而苦恼：
05:02
We sit and we keep banging
our heads again this term:
our heads again this term:
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“成绩差距，成绩差距！”
05:05
"Achievement gap, achievement gap!"
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理解一下为什么有些孩子表现良好，
05:08
Is it really that hard to understand
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而有些表现不好，真的很难吗？
05:11
why these kids perform well
and these kids don't?
and these kids don't?
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真是这样吗？
05:14
I mean, really.
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05:16
I think we've got it all wrong.
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我觉得我们都搞错了。
我认为我们，
05:18
I think we,
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正如格洛丽亚・兰德森・比林斯说的一样，
05:20
as Gloria Ladson-Billings says,
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应该颠覆我们的思维和表述方式，
做到名如其实。
做到名如其实。
05:22
should flip our paradigm and our language
and call it was it really is.
and call it was it really is.
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这不是成绩差距，
05:27
It's not an achievement gap;
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这是教育负债，
05:29
it's an education debt,
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那些我们之前放弃在黑皮肤和
05:32
for all of the foregone schooling
resources that were never invested
resources that were never invested
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棕皮肤的孩子身上
投资教育资源的负债。
投资教育资源的负债。
05:37
in the education of the black
and brown child over time.
and brown child over time.
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美国历史上一个鲜为人知的秘密，
05:42
A little-known secret in American history
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唯一一个为
有色人种创造的美国机构，
有色人种创造的美国机构，
05:45
is that the only American institution
created specifically for people of color
created specifically for people of color
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就是美国奴隶交易市场——
05:51
is the American slave trade --
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05:53
and some would argue the prison system,
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有些人可能会说，还有监狱系统，
但那就是另外
一个TED演讲的主题了。
一个TED演讲的主题了。
05:55
but that's another topic
for another TED Talk.
for another TED Talk.
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05:58
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
05:59
The public school system of this country
was built, bought and paid for
was built, bought and paid for
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这个国家的公立学校系统是使用
奴隶交易和奴隶劳动的
资源建立起来的。
资源建立起来的。
06:03
using commerce generated
from the slave trade and slave labor.
from the slave trade and slave labor.
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当非裔美国人被奴役并被禁止上学，
06:08
While African-Americans were enslaved
and prohibited from schooling,
and prohibited from schooling,
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用他们的劳动建立起来的机构
06:12
their labor established
the very institution
the very institution
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却把他们排除在外。
06:15
from which they were excluded.
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从那时起，每个法案、教育政策和改革
06:18
Ever since then, every court case,
educational policy, reform,
educational policy, reform,
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都尝试改变这个设计，
06:23
has been an attempt
to retrofit the design,
to retrofit the design,
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而不是停下并思考：
06:26
rather than just stopping
and acknowledging:
and acknowledging:
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我们从一开始就是错的。
06:29
we've had it all wrong from the beginning.
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一个过于简化的美国教育史。
06:33
An oversimplification
of American educational history.
of American educational history.
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好的，听仔细了。
06:37
All right, just bear with me.
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黑人被排除在外，很显然，
因为奴隶制的原因。
因为奴隶制的原因。
06:39
Blacks were kept out -- you know,
the whole slavery thing.
the whole slavery thing.
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06:43
With the help
of philanthropic white people,
of philanthropic white people,
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通过白人慈善的帮助，
他们建造了自己的学校。
06:45
they built their own schools.
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分开的，平等的体系，还不赖。
06:46
Separate but equal was OK.
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06:49
But while we all know
things were indeed separate,
things were indeed separate,
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但是我们知道，真实情况是，
的确是分开的，
的确是分开的，
但却是不平等的体系。
06:52
they were in no ways equal.
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1954年发生了棕色人种和
堪萨斯州托皮卡教育协会的斗争；
堪萨斯州托皮卡教育协会的斗争；
06:54
Enter Brown v. the Board of Education
of Topeka, Kansas in 1954;
of Topeka, Kansas in 1954;
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种族区分变得不再合法了。
06:59
legal separation of the races
is now illegal.
is now illegal.
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但很少有人注意到后来所有
07:03
But very few people pay attention
to all of the court cases since then,
to all of the court cases since then,
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并未实现那场斗争意图实现的
07:10
that have undone the educational
promised land for every child
promised land for every child
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理想中的高等教育的法庭案件。
07:15
that Brown v. Board intended.
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有些人会说，
我们今天的学校种族隔离
我们今天的学校种族隔离
07:18
Some argue that today our schools
are now more segregated
are now more segregated
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要比我们尝试废除种族隔离
之前更严重。
之前更严重。
07:22
than they ever were before we tried
to desegregate them in the first place.
to desegregate them in the first place.
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教导我的孩子们废除种族隔离，
小石城事件（1954法案导火索），
小石城事件（1954法案导火索），
07:27
Teaching my kids about desegregation,
the Little Rock Nine,
the Little Rock Nine,
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民权运动，
07:31
the Civil Rights Movement,
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是我的课堂里最尴尬的时刻，
07:32
is a real awkward moment in my classroom,
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因为我会听到一个孩子问：
07:36
when I have to hear
the voice of a child ask,
the voice of a child ask,
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“如果学校在1954年
就废除了种族隔离，
就废除了种族隔离，
07:39
"If schools were desegregated in 1954,
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为什么这里没有白人孩子呢？”
07:43
how come there are no white kids here?"
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（笑声）
07:45
(Laughter)
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这些孩子不傻。
07:47
These kids aren't dumb.
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他们知道什么发生了，
07:49
They know exactly what's happening,
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而什么没发生。
07:51
and what's not.
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07:53
They know that when it comes to schooling,
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他们知道谈到教育，
黑人的情况不重要，
07:56
black lives don't matter
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而且他们从来都不重要。
07:59
and they never have.
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几年来，我竭尽全力
教导我的孩子爱上阅读。
教导我的孩子爱上阅读。
08:02
For years, I tried desperately
to cultivate in my kids a love of reading.
to cultivate in my kids a love of reading.
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我用那些从二手书店，捐赠品商店
08:09
I'd amassed a modest classroom library
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和阁楼收集到的书
08:12
of books I'd accumulated
from secondhand shops,
from secondhand shops,
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08:15
thrift stores, attics -- you know.
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建造了一个简易的教室图书馆。
但是当我说出这些可怕的文字
08:18
But whenever I said those dreadful words,
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“拿出一本书去读”的时候，
08:20
"Take out a book and read,"
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你会觉得我好像宣布了战争。
08:22
you'd think I'd just declared war.
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这是折磨。
08:25
It was torture.
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一天，
08:27
One day,
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我听说一个网站，
叫做捐赠者的选择，
叫做捐赠者的选择，
08:29
after I'd heard about this website
called DonorsChoose,
called DonorsChoose,
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老师能够创建一个愿望单
08:32
where classroom teachers create wish lists
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列出他们需要放在教室里的东西，
08:34
of items they need for their classroom
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然后匿名捐赠者就会满足他们的愿望，
08:36
and anonymous donors fulfill them,
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我觉得我应该尝试一下，
于是就列了一个
于是就列了一个
08:39
I figured I'd go out on a limb
and just make a wish list
and just make a wish list
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少年梦想图书馆的愿望单。
08:43
of the teenager's dream library.
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超过200本新书一本本被送到了我的教室。
08:47
Over 200 brand-new books
were sent to my room piece by piece.
were sent to my room piece by piece.
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08:52
Every day there were new deliveries
and my kids would exclaim with glee,
and my kids would exclaim with glee,
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每天都会有新包裹送来，
我的孩子们就会高兴地欢呼：
我的孩子们就会高兴地欢呼：
“这就像过圣诞节！”
08:57
"This feels like Christmas!"
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（笑声）
08:59
(Laughter)
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然后他们会说，
09:00
Then they'd say,
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“萨姆纳老师，
这些书是哪里来的？”
这些书是哪里来的？”
09:01
"Ms. Sumner, where did
these books come from?"
these books come from?"
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然后我回答：
09:04
And then I'd reply,
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“来自全国的陌生人，
他们想让你们拥有这些书。”
他们想让你们拥有这些书。”
09:05
"Strangers from all over the country
wanted you to have these."
wanted you to have these."
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然后他们会很怀疑的说，
09:10
And then they'd say, almost suspiciously,
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“但是它们是崭新的。”
09:14
"But they're brand-new."
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（笑声）
09:16
(Laughter)
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对此，我会回答，
09:17
To which I'd reply,
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“你们应该得到崭新的书籍。”
09:18
"You deserve brand-new books."
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09:22
The whole experience hit home
for me when one of my girls,
for me when one of my girls,
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当我的一个姑娘这么说时，
我深受触动，
我深受触动，
当她打开书本的包装时说，
09:25
as she peeled open a crisp paperback said,
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“萨姆纳老师，
我知道是你买了这些书，
我知道是你买了这些书，
09:29
"Ms. Sumner -- you know,
I figured you bought these books,
I figured you bought these books,
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因为你们老师总是给我们买东西。
09:33
'cause you teachers
are always buying us stuff.
are always buying us stuff.
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但是得知是一个
我不认识的陌生人
我不认识的陌生人
09:37
But to know that a stranger,
someone I don't even know,
someone I don't even know,
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这么关心我，
09:41
cares this much about me
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09:43
is pretty cool."
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其实挺酷的。”
09:45
Knowing that strangers
will take care of you
will take care of you
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知道会等到陌生人的照顾，
是我的孩子们承受不起的特权。
09:48
is a privilege my kids aren't afforded.
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自从那次捐赠以后，
09:52
Ever since the donation,
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孩子们陆续登记把书带回家，
09:53
there has been a steady stream of kids
signing out books to take home,
signing out books to take home,
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3858
并激动的归还它们，
09:57
and then returning them
with the exclamation,
with the exclamation,
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“这本真棒！”
10:00
"This one was good!"
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（笑声）
10:01
(Laughter)
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1048
现在当我说，
“拿本书去看”的时候，
“拿本书去看”的时候，
10:03
Now when I say,
"Take out a book and read,"
"Take out a book and read,"
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孩子们会迫不及待冲到我的图书馆。
10:05
kids rush to my library.
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并不是他们不想读书，
10:08
It wasn't that they didn't want to read,
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相反，如果有资源，他们会很享受阅读。
10:10
but instead, they'd gladly read
if the resources were there.
if the resources were there.
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官方点说，
10:17
Institutionally speaking,
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我们的公立学校系统未曾满足过
黑皮肤和棕皮肤孩子们的需求。
黑皮肤和棕皮肤孩子们的需求。
10:19
our public school system has never
done right by the black and brown child.
done right by the black and brown child.
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4352
我们持续关注结果，
10:24
We keep focusing on the end results
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或者考试成绩，
10:26
or test results,
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然后被打击。
10:28
and getting frustrated.
200
616029
1846
我们陷入灾难，然后思考，
10:29
We get to a catastrophe and we wonder,
201
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“为何会变得这么糟的，
我们是如何走到这一步的？”
我们是如何走到这一步的？”
10:32
"How did it get so bad?
How did we get here?"
How did we get here?"
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这真的有用吗？
10:35
Really?
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1155
10:37
If you neglect a child long enough,
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如果你忽视一个孩子太久，
10:39
you no longer have
the right to be surprised
the right to be surprised
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3090
你就没有权利为糟糕的结果
感到惊讶。
10:42
when things don't turn out well.
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不要再疑惑，
10:45
Stop being perplexed
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1734
迷茫，
10:47
or confused
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1626
困惑，
10:48
or befuddled
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1476
10:50
by the achievement gap,
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1926
因为成绩差距，
收入差距，
10:52
the income gap,
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1223
犯罪几率，
10:53
the incarceration rates,\
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或者任何社会经济学中
表达不平等的术语。
表达不平等的术语。
10:55
or whatever socioeconomic disparity
is the new "it" term for the moment.
is the new "it" term for the moment.
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5047
我们国家的问题，
11:01
The problems we have as a country
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2442
正是我们自身创造的问题。
11:03
are the problems we created as a country.
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2083
教育的质量是和
11:06
The quality of your education
is directly proportionate
is directly proportionate
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你的大学，
11:10
to your access to college,
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1858
你的工作，
11:12
your access to jobs,
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1728
还有你的未来直接挂钩的。
11:13
your access to the future.
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661936
1708
11:17
Until we live in a world where every kid
can get a high-quality education
can get a high-quality education
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在我们能让每个孩子，
无论他们住在哪里，
无论他们住在哪里，
无论肤色，
11:22
no matter where they live,
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1536
都能够得到高质量教育之前，
11:24
or the color of their skin,
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1880
放眼整个社会，
我们还有很多任务要完成。
我们还有很多任务要完成。
11:26
there are things we can do
on a macro level.
on a macro level.
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4060
11:31
School funding should not
be decided by property taxes
be decided by property taxes
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3564
学校的资金不应该由资产税，
或一些时髦的经济公式决定，
11:34
or some funky economic equation
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2231
让富人孩子持续受益于
州政府经济扶持，
州政府经济扶持，
11:37
where rich kids continue
to benefit from state aid,
to benefit from state aid,
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而穷人孩子的食物和资源
11:40
while poor kids are continuously
having food and resources
having food and resources
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4085
却被持续的夺走。
11:44
taken from their mouths.
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1593
州长，参议员，市长，市议员——
11:46
Governors, senators, mayors,
city council members --
city council members --
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3761
如果我们把公立教育
叫做公立教育，
叫做公立教育，
11:50
if we're going to call
public education public education,
public education public education,
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那它应该就是这样。
11:53
then it should be just that.
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1583
11:55
Otherwise, we should
call it what it really is:
call it what it really is:
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2983
要不然，它就该名如其实的被称作：
贫困保险。
11:58
poverty insurance.
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1565
“公立教育的定义：
12:01
"Public education:
234
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从1954年，让穷孩子持续贫困。”
12:02
keeping poor kids poor since 1954."
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（笑声）
12:05
(Laughter)
236
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1452
如果，作为一个国家，我们
真的相信教育是“伟大的平衡器”，
真的相信教育是“伟大的平衡器”，
12:08
If we really, as a country, believe
that education is the "great equalizer,"
that education is the "great equalizer,"
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5098
那教育就应该是公正平等的。
12:13
then it should be just that:
equal and equitable.
equal and equitable.
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直到今天，
我们的民主教育还并不民主。
我们的民主教育还并不民主。
12:18
Until then, there's no democracy
in our democratic education.
in our democratic education.
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客观来说，
12:23
On a mezzo level:
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1507
从历史角度上，黑皮肤
和棕皮肤孩子的教育
和棕皮肤孩子的教育
12:25
historically speaking, the education
of the black and brown child
of the black and brown child
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一直都建立在他人的慈善之上。
12:28
has always depended
on the philanthropy of others.
on the philanthropy of others.
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3471
不幸的是，至今都没改变。
12:32
And unfortunately, today it still does.
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2794
如果你们的儿子，女儿，
侄子，侄女或者邻居，
侄子，侄女或者邻居，
12:35
If your son or daughter or niece
or nephew or neighbor
or nephew or neighbor
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或者街尾的小蒂米
12:40
or little Timmy down the street
245
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1563
12:42
goes to an affluent school,
246
750253
2303
去了一个富裕的学校，
挑战他们学校的委员会，
让他们接收一个贫困的学校，
让他们接收一个贫困的学校，
12:44
challenge your school committee
to adopt an impoverished school
to adopt an impoverished school
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或者一个简陋的教室。
12:47
or an impoverished classroom.
248
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2039
利用这些意义重大的沟通和关系
12:49
Close the divide by engaging
in communication
in communication
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3397
来结束分离。
12:53
and relationships that matter.
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2197
当资源被共享，
12:56
When resources are shared,
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1954
他们就不再被隔离，
12:58
they're not divided;
252
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1692
就等同资源的倍增。
12:59
they're multiplied.
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1457
具体点来说：
13:01
And on a micro level:
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1839
如果你是一个人类，
13:03
if you're a human being,
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13:05
donate.
256
773985
1166
去捐赠吧。
时间，金钱，资源，机会——
13:07
Time, money, resources, opportunities --
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在你心中的，无论是什么东西。
13:11
whatever is in your heart.
258
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2363
13:14
There are websites like DonorsChoose
259
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2204
有像“捐赠者的选择”这样的网站，
它们意识到了不平等，
13:17
that recognize the disparity
260
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2054
并且真的想要为之做些什么。
13:19
and actually want
to do something about it.
to do something about it.
261
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2495
木匠没有工具还是木匠吗？
13:23
What is a carpenter with no tools?
262
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2204
13:26
What is an actress with no stage?
263
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2322
演员没有舞台还是演员吗？
科学家没有实验室还算科学家吗？
13:28
What is a scientist with no laboratory?
264
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2457
13:31
What is a doctor with no equipment?
265
799859
2727
医生没有设备能成为医生吗？
让我告诉你们：
13:35
I'll tell you:
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13:36
they're my kids.
267
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1464
他们是我的孩子。
13:39
Shouldn't they be your kids, too?
268
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1816
但他们不也是你们的孩子吗？
谢谢。
13:41
Thank you.
269
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1151
（鼓掌）
13:43
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kandice Sumner - EducatorKandice Sumner thinks we've been looking at the "achievement gap" in education all wrong.
Why you should listen
Kandice A. Sumner, M.Ed. teaches humanities (a combination of history and English) for the Boston Public Schools and is a Doctoral student in Urban Educational Policy. Sumner created and facilitates a professional development curriculum entitled R.A.C.E. (race, achievement, culture and equity) to engage professionals of all ages on how to conduct courageous critical conversations concerning race for the betterment of today’s youth. As the subject of the documentary film Far From Home, Kandice speaks publicly and consults with organizations on facilitating difficult conversations about race and education.
Born and raised in urban Boston, Kandice graduated from a suburban school system through a voluntary desegregation program (METCO). She then matriculated Spelman College (a historically Black liberal arts college) and graduated Phi Beta Kappa. From being one of a few Blacks in her school to learning at a historically Black college to teaching in the underserved and predominately Black and Latino neighborhoods of Boston, Sumner has spent a lifetime traversing the lines of race, class and gender.
Kandice Sumner | Speaker | TED.com