TEDWomen 2017
Clemantine Wamariya: War and what comes after
克萊門坦 · 瓦瑪莉亞: 戰爭和戰爭之後
Filmed:
Readability: 2.8
1,057,110 views
盧安達內戰發生時，克萊門坦 · 瓦瑪莉亞六歲。戰爭迫使她和她姐姐逃離家鄉基加利，丟下他們的父母和他們所熟悉的一切。在這場深刻的個人化演說中，她講述了她的故事，描述她如何變為難民，在接下來的六年間住過七個國家的難民營──以及她如何在事後試著合理化解這一切。
Clemantine Wamariya - Storyteller, human rights advocate
In her work, Clemantine Wamariya is learning and sharing how remembering our life experiences in story form guides us to make sense and appreciate our present moments. Full bio
In her work, Clemantine Wamariya is learning and sharing how remembering our life experiences in story form guides us to make sense and appreciate our present moments. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Words matter.
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字詞是很重要的。
00:19
They can heal
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它們能治癒，
00:21
and they can kill ...
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它們也能殺戮……
00:24
yet, they have a limit.
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然而，它們也有極限。
00:28
When I was in eighth grade,
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我讀八年級的時候，
00:32
my teacher gave me a vocabulary sheet
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我的老師給我一張字彙表，
00:36
with the word "genocide."
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上面有「種族滅絕」這個詞。
00:43
I hated it.
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我很恨它。
00:46
The word genocide is clinical ...
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種族滅絕這個詞是無情的……
00:52
overgeneral ...
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過度概推的……
00:56
bloodless ...
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殘酷冷血的……
00:58
dehumanizing.
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毫無人性化可言的。
01:03
No word
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沒有字詞
01:06
can describe
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能夠描述
01:08
what this does to a nation.
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它對一個國家做了什麼。
01:14
You need to know,
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你們要知道，
01:15
in this kind of war,
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在這種戰爭中，
01:19
husbands kills wives,
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丈夫會殺死妻子，
01:22
wives kill husbands,
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妻子會殺死丈夫，
01:26
neighbors and friends kill each other.
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鄰居和朋友殺害彼此。
01:33
Someone
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某個
01:36
in power
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有權的人
01:37
says,
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說：
01:39
"Those over there ...
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「那邊的那些人……
01:42
they don't belong.
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他們不屬於這裡。
01:44
They're not human."
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他們不是人。」
01:47
And people believe it.
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而大家就相信了。
01:51
I don't want words
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我不想要用任何詞
01:54
to describe this kind of behavior.
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來描述這種行為。
01:58
I want words to stop it.
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我想要用字詞來阻止它的發生。
02:04
But where are the words to stop this?
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但能用來阻止它的語言在哪裡？
02:08
And how do we find the words?
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我們要如何找到那些字詞？
02:14
But I believe, truly,
we have to keep trying.
we have to keep trying.
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但我真心相信，
我們得要持續嘗試。
我們得要持續嘗試。
02:21
I was born in Kigali, Rwanda.
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我出生於盧安達的基加利。
02:26
I felt loved by my entire family
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我感受到我全家人的愛，
02:31
and my neighbors.
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及我鄰居對我的愛。
02:34
I was constantly
being teased by everybody,
being teased by everybody,
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我常常被每個人戲弄，
02:38
especially my two older siblings.
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特別是兩位比我年長的手足。
02:42
When I lost my front tooth,
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當我的門牙掉下來時，
02:45
my brother looked at me and said,
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我哥哥看著我，說：
02:47
"Oh, it has happened to you, too?
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「喔，你也遇到這狀況了？
02:51
It will never grow back."
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它永遠不會長回來。」
02:53
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:54
I enjoyed playing everywhere,
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我很享受到處玩耍，
02:56
especially my mother's garden
and my neighbor's.
and my neighbor's.
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特別是去我媽媽的花園
和鄰居的花園裡玩。
和鄰居的花園裡玩。
03:01
I loved my kindergarten.
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我很愛我的幼稚園。
03:04
We sang songs,
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我們會唱歌，
03:06
we played everywhere
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我們到處玩耍，
03:08
and ate lunch.
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吃午餐。
03:11
I had a childhood
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我擁有的童年，
03:14
that I would wish for anyone.
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是我希望大家都能擁有的。
03:20
But when I was six,
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但當我六歲時，
03:23
the adults in my family
began to speak in whispers
began to speak in whispers
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我家中的成人們開始竊竊私語，
03:29
and shushed me any time
that I asked a question.
that I asked a question.
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當我問問題時就叫我安靜。
03:35
One night,
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有天晚上，
03:36
my mom and dad came.
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我媽媽和爸爸來了。
03:39
They had this strange look
when they woke us.
when they woke us.
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他們叫醒我們時，表情很奇怪。
03:43
They sent my older sister Claire and I
to our grandparent's,
to our grandparent's,
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他們把我姐姐克萊兒和我
送到我們的祖父母家，
送到我們的祖父母家，
03:48
hoping whatever was happening
would blow away.
would blow away.
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希望不論發生什麼事都會煙消雲散。
03:54
Soon we had to escape from there, too.
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很快我們也得逃離那裡。
03:59
We hid,
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我們躲藏，
04:00
we crawled,
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我們匍匐，
04:02
we sometimes ran.
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有時我們快跑。
04:08
Sometimes I heard laughter
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有時，我聽見笑聲，
04:14
and then screaming and crying
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接著是尖叫聲和哭聲，
04:19
and then noise that I had never heard.
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接著是我從來沒有聽過的噪音。
04:24
You see,
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是這樣的，
04:25
I did not know
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我當時不知道
04:29
what those noises were.
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那些噪音是什麼。
04:32
They were neither human --
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它們不是人類的聲音──
04:34
and also at the same time,
they were human.
they were human.
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但同時，它們又是人類的聲音。
04:38
I saw people who were not breathing.
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我看到沒有呼吸的人，
04:43
I thought they were asleep.
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我以為他們在沉睡。
04:48
I still didn't understand what death was,
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我當時並不了解死亡是什麼，
04:53
or killing in itself.
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或者殺戮是什麼。
04:57
When we would stop
to rest for a little bit
to rest for a little bit
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當我們停下來休息一下，
05:01
or search for food,
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或是尋找食物時，
05:03
I would close my eyes,
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我會閉上我的眼睛，
05:05
hoping when I opened them,
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希望當我睜開眼睛時，
05:07
I would be awake.
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我會醒來。
05:11
I had no idea which direction was home.
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我不知道哪個方向才是家。
05:16
Days were for hiding
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白天要躲藏，
05:20
and night for walking.
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晚上才能行走。
05:28
You go from a person who's away from home
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你會從一個遠離家的人，
05:33
to a person with no home.
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變成一個沒有家的人。
05:37
The place that is supposed to want you
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應該要接納你的那個地方，
05:39
has pushed you out,
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把你趕出來，
05:44
and no one takes you in.
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沒有人肯收留你。
05:48
You are unwanted
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沒有人
05:52
by anyone.
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想要你。
05:56
You are a refugee.
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你是個難民。
06:02
From age six to 12,
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從六歲到十二歲，
06:04
I lived in seven different countries,
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我住過七個不同的國家，
06:08
moving from one refugee camp to another,
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從一個難民營搬到另一個，
06:12
hoping we would be wanted.
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希望會有人要我們。
06:18
My older sister Claire,
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我姐姐克萊兒，
06:20
she became a young mother ...
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她成了年輕的母親……
06:25
and a master at getting things done.
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以及是個能把各種事物都搞定的大師。
06:29
When I was 12,
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我十二歲時，
06:31
I came to America with Claire
and her family on refugee status.
and her family on refugee status.
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我和克萊兒及她的家人
以難民的身份來到美國。
以難民的身份來到美國。
06:39
And that's only the beginning,
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那只是開端，
06:42
because even though I was 12 years old,
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因為，即使我當時十二歲，
06:45
sometimes I felt like three years old
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有時我感覺自己才三歲，
06:47
and sometimes 50 years old.
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有時卻是五十歲。
06:50
My past receded,
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我的過去變淡了，
06:52
grew jumbled,
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變混亂了，
06:54
distorted.
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變扭曲了。
06:56
Everything was too much
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一切都難以承受，
06:59
and nothing.
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卻又微不足道。
07:02
Time seemed like pages torn out of a book
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時間就像是從書上撕下來的頁面，
07:08
and scattered everywhere.
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散在各處。
07:11
This still happens to me
standing right here.
standing right here.
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就連我現在站在這裡，
都還有這種感覺。
都還有這種感覺。
07:20
After I got to America,
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在我到了美國之後，
07:25
Claire and I did not talk about our past.
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克萊兒和我避而不談我們的過去。
07:31
In 2006,
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2006 年，
07:33
after 12 years
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我與我的家人
07:37
being separated away from my family,
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分離了十二年，
07:39
and then seven years
knowing that they were dead
knowing that they were dead
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知道他們已經死亡了七年，
07:42
and them thinking that we were dead,
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他們也以為我死了，
07:44
we reunited ...
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終於，我們重聚了……
07:47
in the most dramatic,
American way possible.
American way possible.
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以最戲劇性的美式方法重聚了。
07:53
Live,
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電視
07:55
on television --
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實況轉播──
07:57
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
07:58
on "The Oprah Show."
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在《歐普拉秀》上。
08:00
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:01
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
08:09
I told you, I told you.
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我說過了，我說過了。
08:10
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:13
But after the show,
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但在節目之後，
08:20
as I spent time with my mom and dad
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當我花時間和我爸媽、
08:25
and my little sister
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妹妹，還有
08:28
and my two new siblings that I never met,
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兩個我沒見過的手足相處，
08:33
I felt anger.
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我感到憤怒。
08:36
I felt every deep pain in me.
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我感到內在所有深刻的痛苦。
08:43
And I know that
there is absolutely nothing,
there is absolutely nothing,
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我知道絕對沒有可能，
08:48
nothing,
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沒有可能，
08:50
that could restore the time
we lost with each other
we lost with each other
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可以彌補我們本來
應該給彼此的時間，
應該給彼此的時間，
08:55
and the relationship we could've had.
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以及本來可以擁有的關係。
09:00
Soon, my parents
moved to the United States,
moved to the United States,
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沒多久，我父母搬到美國，
09:04
but like Claire,
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但就像克萊兒，
09:07
they don't talk about our past.
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他們也不談我們的過去。
09:12
They live in never-ending present.
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他們活在永無止境的現在。
09:16
Not asking too many questions,
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不問太多問題，
09:19
not allowing themselves to feel --
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不允許他們自己去感受──
09:24
moving in small steps.
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以小步伐移動。
09:29
None of us, of course,
can make sense of what happened to us.
can make sense of what happened to us.
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當然，我們都無法將
發生在我們身上的事真正化解。
發生在我們身上的事真正化解。
09:38
Though my family is alive --
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雖然我的家人還活著──
09:42
yes, we were broken,
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是的，我們是破碎的，
09:45
and yes, we are numb
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是的，我們是麻木的，
09:48
and we were silenced
by our own experience.
by our own experience.
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而且我們因為所經歷的事而沈默。
09:55
It's not just my family.
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不只有我的家人如此。
10:02
Rwanda is not the only country
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並不只有在盧安達
10:07
where people have turned on each other
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大家才會攻擊彼此，
10:10
and murdered each other.
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謀殺彼此。
10:13
The entire human race,
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所有人類，
10:17
in many ways,
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在許多層面上，
10:18
is like my family.
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就和我的家人一樣。
10:23
Not dead;
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沒有死；
10:25
yes, broken, numb and silenced
by the violence of the world
by the violence of the world
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是的，因為世界的暴力
而破碎、麻木，及沉默。
而破碎、麻木，及沉默。
10:31
that has taken over.
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那暴力佔據了一切。
10:35
You see,
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你們知道嗎，
10:36
the chaos of the violence continues inside
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暴力的混亂持續著，
10:41
in the words we use
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就在我們使用的字詞中，
10:45
and the stories
we create every single day.
we create every single day.
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以及我們每天創造的故事中。
10:51
But also on the labels
that we impose on ourselves
that we impose on ourselves
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但也在我們貼在彼此身上的
10:57
and each other.
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標籤裏。
11:01
Once we call someone "other,"
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一旦我們稱某人是「其他人」、
11:06
"less than,"
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「處於劣勢」、
11:07
"one of them"
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「他們的一員」，
11:09
or "better than,"
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或「處於優勢」，
11:11
believe me ...
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相信我……
11:16
under the right condition,
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在合適的條件下，
11:20
it's a short path to more destruction.
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它就是通往更多毀滅的捷徑。
11:25
More chaos
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更多的混亂，
11:27
and more noise
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和更多的喧囂
11:29
that we will not understand.
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就這樣無法理解地發生了。
11:33
Words will never be enough
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字詞永遠不足以
11:37
to quantify and qualify
the many magnitudes
the many magnitudes
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量化、質化許多程度重大
11:42
of human-caused destruction.
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人類所造成的毀滅。
11:49
In order for us
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為了讓我們能夠
11:53
to stop the violence
that goes on in the world,
that goes on in the world,
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阻止世界上不斷發生的暴力，
11:59
I hope --
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我希望──
12:01
at least I beg you --
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至少我懇求各位──
12:03
to pause.
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暫停下來。
12:06
Let's ask ourselves:
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讓我們問問自己：
12:11
Who are we without words?
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沒有了字詞，我們是誰？
12:16
Who are we without labels?
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沒有了標籤，我們是誰？
12:21
Who are we in our breath?
188
729480
3240
在我們呼吸裏，我們是誰？
12:26
Who are we in our heartbeat?
189
734640
4800
在我們心跳時，我們又是誰？
12:33
(Applause)
190
741000
4760
（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Clemantine Wamariya - Storyteller, human rights advocateIn her work, Clemantine Wamariya is learning and sharing how remembering our life experiences in story form guides us to make sense and appreciate our present moments.
Why you should listen
Clemantine Wamariya is a human rights advocate, social entrepreneur and public speaker committed to inspiring others through the power of storytelling. Her personal accounts of childhood in Rwanda, displacement throughout war-torn countries and various refugee camps have encouraged myriads of people to persevere despite great odds. With no formal education before the age of 13, Wamariya went on to graduate from Yale University with a BA in Comparative Literature.
Wamariya was recognized for her dedication to improving the lives of others, especially the underserved. In 2011, President Obama appointed her, as the youngest member in history, to the board of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and she was reappointed in 2016. She continues to share her experiences of adversity and seized opportunities as a way to reframe the way her audiences think, whether it be about their own privilege or basic human rights -- and she strives to catalyze development personally, locally and globally. Though still a nomad, she is based out of San Francisco, where she is writing her first book, due in spring 2018.
Clemantine Wamariya | Speaker | TED.com