TEDWomen 2016
Sisonke Msimang: If a story moves you, act on it
錫松克 姆西曼: 如果故事打動你，就請開始行動
Filmed:
Readability: 3.7
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作家姆西曼說：「故事是必要的，但它們不像看起來那麼神奇」。在這場風趣而發人深省的演說中，姆西曼針對「人們重視故事卻忽視事實」的現象提出質疑。在這個人們誤以為「傾聽就是行動」的關鍵時刻，姆西曼要我們關閉手機，離開螢幕，走進現實的世界，為社會正義制定計劃，採取行動。
Sisonke Msimang - Writer, activist
Sisonke Msimang untangles the threads of race, class and gender that run through the fabric of African and global culture. Full bio
Sisonke Msimang untangles the threads of race, class and gender that run through the fabric of African and global culture. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
So earlier this year,
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今年年初，
我被告知要發表一場 TED 的演說。
00:14
I was informed that I would be
doing a TED Talk.
doing a TED Talk.
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00:18
So I was excited, then I panicked,
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一開始我很興奮，然後變成緊張，
00:20
then I was excited, then I panicked,
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然後又很興奮，然後又很緊張，
就在興奮與緊張之間，
00:22
and in between the excitement
and the panicking,
and the panicking,
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我開始進行一些研究，
00:24
I started to do my research,
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00:27
and my research primarily consisted
of Googling how to give a great TED Talk.
of Googling how to give a great TED Talk.
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我的研究主要是用 Google 搜尋：
如何發表一場完美的 TED 演說。
如何發表一場完美的 TED 演說。
（笑聲）
00:31
(Laughter)
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00:32
And interspersed with that,
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在這個過程中，
00:34
I was Googling Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.
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我也查詢了
奇瑪曼達．恩格茲．阿迪契。
奇瑪曼達．恩格茲．阿迪契。
00:37
How many of you know who that is?
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有多少人知道她是誰嗎？
00:38
(Cheers)
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（鼓掌）
00:41
So I was Googling her
because I always Google her
because I always Google her
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我 Google了她
因為我經常 Google 她，
因為我經常 Google 她，
因為我是她的粉絲，
00:44
because I'm just a fan,
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00:45
but also because she always has
important and interesting things to say.
important and interesting things to say.
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而且因為她總是講了
重要又有趣的事情。
重要又有趣的事情。
00:49
And the combination of those searches
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所有搜尋到的結果，
00:52
kept leading me to her talk
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總是把我引導到她的演講，
00:55
on the dangers of a single story,
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關於只聽單一故事的危險性，
00:58
on what happens
when we have a solitary lens
when we have a solitary lens
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關於當我們只用一種視角
01:01
through which to understand
certain groups of people,
certain groups of people,
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去觀察某些特定群體的後果。
01:04
and it is the perfect talk.
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這是一場完美的演講。
01:07
It's the talk that I would have given
if I had been famous first.
if I had been famous first.
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如果當初是我先成名的話，
這就是我想進行的演講。
這就是我想進行的演講。
01:12
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
你知道，就像，她是非洲人，
而我也是非洲人；
而我也是非洲人；
01:14
You know, and you know,
like, she's African and I'm African,
like, she's African and I'm African,
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01:17
and she's a feminist and I'm a feminist,
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她是女權主義者，
而我也是女權主義者；
而我也是女權主義者；
01:19
and she's a storyteller
and I'm a storyteller,
and I'm a storyteller,
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她講故事，而我也講故事；
01:21
so I really felt like it's my talk.
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所以我真的認為那是我的演講。
01:23
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:26
So I decided that I was going
to learn how to code,
to learn how to code,
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所以我決定學習寫程式，
01:29
and then I was going to hack the internet
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然後去入侵網際網路，
01:31
and I would take down all the copies
of that talk that existed,
of that talk that existed,
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把所有這場演講的影片全部刪除，
然後我會把演講內容背熟，
01:35
and then I would memorize it,
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01:37
and then I would come here
and deliver it as if it was my own speech.
and deliver it as if it was my own speech.
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然後就把它當成自己的演講說出來。
01:40
So that plan was going really well,
except the coding part,
except the coding part,
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整個計劃進行得非常成功，
除了寫程式的部分之外；
除了寫程式的部分之外；
01:43
and then one morning a few months ago,
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直到在幾個月前的一個早上，
01:47
I woke up
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當我醒來時，
01:49
to the news that the wife
of a certain presidential candidate
of a certain presidential candidate
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看到一則新聞當中，
某位總統候選人的太太
某位總統候選人的太太
01:54
had given a speech that --
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發表了一場演說──
01:57
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:59
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
感覺很詭異，聽起來像是
另一個我喜歡的人在演講，
另一個我喜歡的人在演講，
02:04
that sounded eerily like a speech
given by one of my other faves,
given by one of my other faves,
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蜜雪兒．歐巴馬。
02:09
Michelle Obama.
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（歡呼）
02:10
(Cheers)
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02:12
And so I decided that I should
probably write my own TED Talk,
probably write my own TED Talk,
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於是我決定應該寫一篇
自己的 TED 演講稿，
自己的 TED 演講稿，
這就是我現在要做的。
02:17
and so that is what I am here to do.
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我要說的是自己對於
「說故事」的觀察。
「說故事」的觀察。
02:19
I'm here to talk about
my own observations about storytelling.
my own observations about storytelling.
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當然，我會告訴你故事的力量，
02:24
I want to talk to you
about the power of stories, of course,
about the power of stories, of course,
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但是我也想談它的侷限性，
02:28
but I also want to talk
about their limitations,
about their limitations,
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02:31
particularly for those of us
who are interested in social justice.
who are interested in social justice.
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特別是對於我們之中，
某些關注社會正義的人。
某些關注社會正義的人。
02:36
So since Adichie gave that talk
seven years ago,
seven years ago,
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自從七年前阿迪契的演講之後，
02:39
there has been a boom in storytelling.
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說故事形成一股風潮。
02:41
Stories are everywhere,
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到處都是故事，
雖然這可能是老生常談，
02:44
and if there was a danger
in the telling of one tired old tale,
in the telling of one tired old tale,
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02:48
then I think there has got to be
lots to celebrate about the flourishing
lots to celebrate about the flourishing
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但我還是認爲能有這麼多的故事，
能有這麼多的聲音出現，
是很值得慶祝的事。
是很值得慶祝的事。
02:52
of so many stories and so many voices.
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02:55
Stories are the antidote to bias.
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故事是偏見的解藥。
02:58
In fact, today, if you are middle class
and connected via the internet,
and connected via the internet,
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實際上，如今，如果你屬於中產階級，
而且能連上網際網路，
而且能連上網際網路，
03:04
you can download stories
at the touch of a button
at the touch of a button
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你可以下載很多故事，
只需要按下滑鼠按鈕，
只需要按下滑鼠按鈕，
03:07
or the swipe of a screen.
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或是滑動觸控螢幕。
03:08
You can listen to a podcast
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你可以藉由收聼 Podcast，
03:10
about what it's like
to grow up Dalit in Kolkata.
to grow up Dalit in Kolkata.
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瞭解加爾各答地區的
賤民階層如何生活。
賤民階層如何生活。
03:14
You can hear an indigenous
man in Australia
man in Australia
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你可以聽到澳洲的原住民
03:16
talk about the trials and triumphs
of raising his children in dignity
of raising his children in dignity
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談論關於教育出端莊、
具有自尊的孩子，
具有自尊的孩子，
所需要進行的嘗試與成功經驗。
03:21
and in pride.
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03:22
Stories make us fall in love.
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故事讓我們相愛。
03:24
They heal rifts and they bridge divides.
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故事能治癒裂痕，弭平分歧。
故事甚至能讓我們更容易
03:27
Stories can even make it easier for us
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03:29
to talk about the deaths
of people in our societies
of people in our societies
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談論社會上某些市井小民的死亡，
03:32
who don't matter,
because they make us care.
because they make us care.
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因爲故事讓我們關注這些事。
03:34
Right?
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對嗎？
03:36
I'm not so sure,
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我不是很確定，
03:38
and I actually work for a place
called the Centre for Stories.
called the Centre for Stories.
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事實上我在一個叫
「故事中心」的地方工作。
「故事中心」的地方工作。
03:41
And my job is to help to tell stories
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我的工作是幫助人們
說出一些挑戰主流論述的故事，
例如我們經常討論的議題：
例如我們經常討論的議題：
03:46
that challenge mainstream narratives
about what it means to be black
about what it means to be black
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身爲黑人，穆斯林，難民
03:49
or a Muslim or a refugee
or any of those other categories
or any of those other categories
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以及其他族群，背後所代表的含意。
03:52
that we talk about all the time.
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03:55
But I come to this work
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但是我接手這份工作，
03:57
after a long history
as a social justice activist,
as a social justice activist,
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是在我長期從事社會正義行動之後，
04:00
and so I'm really interested in the ways
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而且讓我非常感興趣的，
04:02
that people talk
about nonfiction storytelling
about nonfiction storytelling
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是人們在談論「紀實故事」時
所持的態度和方式，
所持的態度和方式，
04:05
as though it's about
more than entertainment,
more than entertainment,
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認為它不只是娛樂，
04:07
as though it's about being
a catalyst for social action.
a catalyst for social action.
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認為它是社會行動的催化劑。
我們常聽到人們說：
04:11
It's not uncommon to hear people say
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04:14
that stories make
the world a better place.
the world a better place.
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故事能讓世界更美好。
04:18
Increasingly, though, I worry
that even the most poignant stories,
that even the most poignant stories,
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不過我開始擔心：
即使是最讓人感動的故事，
即使是最讓人感動的故事，
04:22
particularly the stories about people
who no one seems to care about,
who no one seems to care about,
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特別是那些市井小民的故事，
04:26
can often get in the way
of action towards social justice.
of action towards social justice.
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也經常會妨礙到社會正義的進行。
04:29
Now, this is not because
storytellers mean any harm.
storytellers mean any harm.
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這不是因爲說故事的人
故意要造成傷害。
故意要造成傷害。
恰恰相反，
04:33
Quite the contrary.
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04:34
Storytellers are often do-gooders
like me and, I suspect, yourselves.
like me and, I suspect, yourselves.
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說故事的人通常是想要做好事的人，
例如我，以及在座的你們。
例如我，以及在座的你們。
而聼故事的人
04:39
And the audiences of storytellers
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通常也是充滿熱情和同情心的人。
04:42
are often deeply compassionate
and empathetic people.
and empathetic people.
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但是，好的動機也會導致
意想不到的後果，
意想不到的後果，
04:46
Still, good intentions
can have unintended consequences,
can have unintended consequences,
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04:51
and so I want to propose that stories
are not as magical as they seem.
are not as magical as they seem.
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所以我想強調的是，
說故事並不像看起來那麽神奇。
說故事並不像看起來那麽神奇。
有三個原因，總是要有三個──
04:55
So three -- because
it's always got to be three --
it's always got to be three --
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04:58
three reasons why I think
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我認爲有三個原因，
05:00
that stories don't necessarily
make the world a better place.
make the world a better place.
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故事不一定會讓世界變得更好。
05:06
Firstly, stories can create
an illusion of solidarity.
an illusion of solidarity.
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首先，故事能產生一種
「共同一致」的幻覺。
「共同一致」的幻覺。
05:10
There is nothing
like that feel-good factor you get
like that feel-good factor you get
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沒有其他東西能夠像
聽了奇幻故事一樣，
聽了奇幻故事一樣，
05:12
from listening to a fantastic story
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能帶給你更好的感覺了；
05:15
where you feel like you
climbed that mountain, right,
climbed that mountain, right,
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就彷彿是你自己征服了那座山，是的。
或者是你和一位死刑犯成為朋友。
05:18
or that you befriended
that death row inmate.
that death row inmate.
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但是你並沒有真的去做。
05:21
But you didn't.
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05:23
You haven't done anything.
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你沒有完成任何事。
05:25
Listening is an important
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傾聽故事是很重要的一步，
05:26
but insufficient step
towards social action.
towards social action.
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但對於社會行動來説，仍然不足夠。
05:31
Secondly, I think often we are drawn
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第二，我認爲人們經常會被
那些令人喜愛、具有人性化的
05:34
towards characters and protagonists
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05:36
who are likable and human.
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角色和主人公所吸引。
05:40
And this makes sense, of course, right?
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而且這也符合常理，是不是？
05:42
Because if you like someone,
then you care about them.
then you care about them.
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因爲如果你喜歡他們，
你自然就會關心他們。
你自然就會關心他們。
05:45
But the inverse is also true.
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但反之亦然。
05:47
If you don't like someone,
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如果你不喜歡他們，
05:49
then you don't care about them.
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你自然也不會關心他們。
05:51
And if you don't care about them,
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如果你不關心他們，
05:53
you don't have to see yourself
as having a moral obligation
as having a moral obligation
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你自然也不會認爲
自己負有道義責任，
自己負有道義責任，
去思考那些人周遭的生活環境。
05:56
to think about the circumstances
that shaped their lives.
that shaped their lives.
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06:01
I learned this lesson
when I was 14 years old.
when I was 14 years old.
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我在 14 嵗時學到了這一點。
我學到的是，實際上
你不一定要喜歡某個人，
你不一定要喜歡某個人，
06:04
I learned that actually,
you don't have to like someone
you don't have to like someone
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才能認可他的智慧；
06:07
to recognize their wisdom,
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而且你也不需要喜歡某個人，
06:08
and you certainly
don't have to like someone
don't have to like someone
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才能和他站在同一陣線。
06:10
to take a stand by their side.
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06:12
So my bike was stolen
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我的脚踏車被偷了，
在我騎著它的的時候──
06:15
while I was riding it --
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06:17
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:18
which is possible if you're
riding slowly enough, which I was.
riding slowly enough, which I was.
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這是可能的，如果你騎得夠慢，
我當時就是這樣。
我當時就是這樣。
06:21
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:23
So one minute
I'm cutting across this field
I'm cutting across this field
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就在我正要穿過一片田地的時候，
就在奈洛比附近，我生長的地方，
06:26
in the Nairobi neighborhood
where I grew up,
where I grew up,
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06:28
and it's like a very bumpy path,
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因為路非常崎嶇不平，
06:31
and so when you're riding a bike,
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所以當你騎車時，
06:32
you don't want to be like, you know --
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你不會想要......你知道的──
06:35
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:38
And so I'm going like this,
slowly pedaling,
slowly pedaling,
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所以我就騎得很慢。
06:42
and all of a sudden, I'm on the floor.
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突然間，我摔倒在地上。
06:45
I'm on the ground, and I look up,
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當我躺在地上時，抬頭一看，
06:47
and there's this kid peddling away
in the getaway vehicle,
in the getaway vehicle,
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有個小孩正騎著車逃跑，
06:50
which is my bike,
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他騎著我的脚踏車。
06:51
and he's about 11 or 12 years old,
and I'm on the floor,
and I'm on the floor,
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他大概 11 或 12 嵗，
我還倒在地上，
我還倒在地上，
然後我大哭，因為我存了很久的錢
才買了這輛脚踏車，
才買了這輛脚踏車，
06:55
and I'm crying because I saved
a lot of money for that bike,
a lot of money for that bike,
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06:58
and I'm crying and I stand up
and I start screaming.
and I start screaming.
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於是我一邊哭，一邊站起來大喊。
07:00
Instinct steps in,
and I start screaming, "Mwizi, mwizi!"
and I start screaming, "Mwizi, mwizi!"
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出於本能，我開始大喊：
"Mwizi, mwizi! "
"Mwizi, mwizi! "
這在斯瓦希里語中
代表「小偷」的意思。
代表「小偷」的意思。
07:04
which means "thief" in Swahili.
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這時候許多人從伐木場跑出來，
07:07
And out of the woodworks,
all of these people come out
all of these people come out
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他們開始追趕。
07:12
and they start to give chase.
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07:14
This is Africa, so mob justice in action.
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這是在非洲，當時暴民政治
正在興起。是吧？
正在興起。是吧？
07:16
Right?
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（笑聲）
07:17
And I round the corner,
and they've captured him,
and they've captured him,
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當我走到轉角時，
他們已經抓住了小偷。
他們已經抓住了小偷。
07:20
they've caught him.
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他們已經抓住了他。
07:22
The suspect has been apprehended,
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嫌犯已被逮捕，
07:24
and they make him give me my bike back,
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他們要他把脚踏車還給我，
07:27
and they also make him apologize.
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而且他們還要他道歉。
07:29
Again, you know,
typical African justice, right?
typical African justice, right?
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你知道，這是典型的非洲正義，是吧？
所以他們要他說：對不起。
07:33
And so they make him say sorry.
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07:34
And so we stand there facing each other,
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我們當時就面對面站著，
07:36
and he looks at me, and he says sorry,
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他看著我，說了對不起。
但是他用非常憤怒的表情看著我，
07:39
but he looks at me
with this unbridled fury.
with this unbridled fury.
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他非常，非常生氣。
07:43
He is very, very angry.
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07:47
And it is the first time that I have been
confronted with someone
confronted with someone
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這是我第一次直接面對著，
一個只是因爲我的身份
而不喜歡我的人。
而不喜歡我的人。
07:50
who doesn't like me
simply because of what I represent.
simply because of what I represent.
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07:53
He looks at me
with this look as if to say,
with this look as if to say,
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他帶著那種神情看著我，彷彿在説：
07:55
"You, with your shiny skin
and your bike, you're angry at me?"
and your bike, you're angry at me?"
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「你，你有光滑的皮膚，
還有一輛脚踏車，你對我生氣？」
還有一輛脚踏車，你對我生氣？」
08:01
So it was a hard lesson
that he didn't like me,
that he didn't like me,
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我知道他不喜歡我，這的確不好受，
但是你知道嗎，他這樣想是正常的。
08:04
but you know what, he was right.
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08:06
I was a middle-class kid
living in a poor country.
living in a poor country.
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在這個貧窮的國家，
我是一個生長在中產階層的小孩。
我是一個生長在中產階層的小孩。
08:10
I had a bike, and he barely had food.
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我擁有一輛脚踏車，
而他幾乎連食物都沒有。
而他幾乎連食物都沒有。
08:13
Sometimes, it's the messages
that we don't want to hear,
that we don't want to hear,
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有時候，有些訊息是我們不想聼的；
08:16
the ones that make us
want to crawl out of ourselves,
want to crawl out of ourselves,
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但是那些讓我們坐立難安的訊息，
08:19
that we need to hear the most.
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卻正是我們最需要聼的。
08:21
For every lovable storyteller
who steals your heart,
who steals your heart,
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在每一位我們所喜愛的
故事演說者背後，
故事演說者背後，
08:25
there are hundreds more
whose voices are slurred and ragged,
whose voices are slurred and ragged,
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有成百上千個被忽略、
疲憊不堪的聲音，
疲憊不堪的聲音，
08:29
who don't get to stand up on a stage
dressed in fine clothes like this.
dressed in fine clothes like this.
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他們沒有機會穿上這麽好的衣服，
站在這個講臺上。
站在這個講臺上。
08:34
There are a million
angry-boy-on-a-bike stories
angry-boy-on-a-bike stories
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有數百萬則像是
脚踏車上生氣男孩的故事，
脚踏車上生氣男孩的故事，
我們不應該忽視他們，
08:38
and we can't afford to ignore them
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08:40
simply because we don't like
their protagonists
their protagonists
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只是因爲我們不喜歡
那些故事裏的主角，
那些故事裏的主角，
08:43
or because that's not the kid
that we would bring home with us
that we would bring home with us
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或者只是因爲，
他不是我們在孤兒院
想領養的那個小孩。
想領養的那個小孩。
08:46
from the orphanage.
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08:48
The third reason that I think
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而第三個原因，
08:50
that stories don't necessarily
make the world a better place
make the world a better place
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我認爲故事不一定能讓世界更美好，
08:54
is that too often we are so invested
in the personal narrative
in the personal narrative
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是因爲我們經常
過於投入在個人敘事中，
過於投入在個人敘事中，
08:57
that we forget
to look at the bigger picture.
to look at the bigger picture.
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而讓我們忘記去綜觀全局。
當某些人告訴我們
他們感覺到羞辱時，
他們感覺到羞辱時，
09:00
And so we applaud someone
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09:02
when they tell us
about their feelings of shame,
about their feelings of shame,
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我們會為他們鼓掌，
09:05
but we don't necessarily
link that to oppression.
link that to oppression.
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但這時我們不一定會聯想到壓迫。
09:09
We nod understandingly
when someone says they felt small,
when someone says they felt small,
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當有人說他們覺得自己渺小，
我們會理解地點點頭，
我們會理解地點點頭，
09:12
but we don't link that to discrimination.
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但是我們不會聯想到這是歧視。
那些最重要的故事，
特別是有關社會正義的，
特別是有關社會正義的，
09:15
The most important stories,
especially for social justice,
especially for social justice,
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09:18
are those that do both,
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是那些能夠兼顧兩方面的故事，
09:20
that are both personal and allow us
to explore and understand the political.
to explore and understand the political.
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不僅能讓我們心有所感，
又能讓我們去探究和理解它背後的政治。
又能讓我們去探究和理解它背後的政治。
09:25
But it's not just
about the stories we like
about the stories we like
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但這不僅僅是關於
我們所喜歡的故事，
我們所喜歡的故事，
09:27
versus the stories we choose to ignore.
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以及我們所選擇忽視的故事
兩者間的比較。
兩者間的比較。
09:29
Increasingly, we are living in a society
where there are larger forces at play,
where there are larger forces at play,
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逐漸的，我們生活的社會裏
出現了一股愈來愈大的力量。
出現了一股愈來愈大的力量。
09:33
where stories are actually for many people
beginning to replace the news.
beginning to replace the news.
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事實上，許多人開始
用故事來取代新聞。
用故事來取代新聞。
09:38
Yeah?
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沒錯吧？
我們所處的時代，正在見證著：
事實開始不被重視，
事實開始不被重視，
09:39
We live in a time where we are witnessing
the decline of facts,
the decline of facts,
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情感開始主導一切，
09:43
when emotions rule
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而理性的分析，令人感覺枯燥，對吧？
09:45
and analysis, it's kind of boring, right?
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09:48
Where we value what we feel
more than what we actually know.
more than what we actually know.
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我們重視自己的感覺
遠勝過我們實際知道的真相。
遠勝過我們實際知道的真相。
09:54
A recent report by the Pew Center
on trends in America
on trends in America
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探討美國趨勢的皮尤研究中心
最近有一份報告，
最近有一份報告，
09:58
indicates that only 10 percent
of young adults under the age of 30
of young adults under the age of 30
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顯示在 30 歲以下的年輕人當中，
衹有 10% 的人
「非常信任傳播媒體」。
「非常信任傳播媒體」。
10:04
"place a lot of trust in the media."
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10:07
Now, this is significant.
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這是很重要的警訊。
10:09
It means that storytellers
are gaining trust
are gaining trust
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這意味著，在講述故事的人
10:12
at precisely the same moment
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贏得信任的同時，
10:13
that many in the media
are losing the confidence in the public.
are losing the confidence in the public.
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傳播媒體正在失去大眾的信心。
10:18
This is not a good thing,
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這不是件好事。
10:20
because while stories are important
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因爲故事雖然很重要，
10:22
and they help us
to have insights in many ways,
to have insights in many ways,
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它能幫助我們在很多方面獲得領悟，
10:24
we need the media.
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但是我們仍然需要傳播媒體。
在我從事社會正義行動的時期，
10:26
From my years
as a social justice activist,
as a social justice activist,
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10:29
I know very well that we need
credible facts from media institutions
credible facts from media institutions
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我很清楚的知道，我們需要
結合傳媒機構提供的可靠事實，
結合傳媒機構提供的可靠事實，
以及講述故事者，强而有力的聲音。
10:35
combined with the powerful voices
of storytellers.
of storytellers.
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10:39
That's what pushes the needle forward
in terms of social justice.
in terms of social justice.
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這才能推動社會正義的前進。
10:43
In the final analysis, of course,
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最後的分析，當然，
10:48
it is justice
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衹有正義
10:50
that makes the world a better place,
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才能讓這個世界更美好。
10:52
not stories. Right?
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而不是故事本身，對吧？
10:55
And so if it is justice that we are after,
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所以說如果我們追求的是正義，
我認爲我們不應該聚焦在
媒體或是講故事的人身上。
媒體或是講故事的人身上。
10:58
then I think we mustn't focus
on the media or on storytellers.
on the media or on storytellers.
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我們必須關注聽眾，
11:01
We must focus on audiences,
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11:04
on anyone who has ever turned on a radio
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關注那些打開收音機
11:07
or listened to a podcast,
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或收聼 podcast 的人，
11:09
and that means all of us.
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這就意味著我們每一個人。
11:11
So a few concluding thoughts
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最後我有一些想法，
11:13
on what audiences can do
to make the world a better place.
to make the world a better place.
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關於聽眾能做些什麽，
讓這個世界更美好。
讓這個世界更美好。
11:18
So firstly, the world
would be a better place, I think,
would be a better place, I think,
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首先，我認爲這個世界會變得更好，
11:21
if audiences were more curious
and more skeptical
and more skeptical
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如果聽眾能夠更加好奇、更加質疑，
11:25
and asked more questions
about the social context
about the social context
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並且對於他們喜愛的故事
背後的社會脈絡，
背後的社會脈絡，
11:28
that created those stories
that they love so much.
that they love so much.
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提出更多問題。
11:32
Secondly, the world
would be a better place
would be a better place
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其次，這個世界會更加美好，
11:34
if audiences recognized
that storytelling is intellectual work.
that storytelling is intellectual work.
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如果大家能意識到
說故事是耗費腦力的工作。
說故事是耗費腦力的工作。
11:39
And I think it would
be important for audiences
be important for audiences
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另外我認為有件事
對聽眾來說是非常重要的，
對聽眾來說是非常重要的，
11:42
to demand more buttons
on their favorite websites,
on their favorite websites,
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就是要求他們喜愛的網站
增加更多的按鈕，
增加更多的按鈕，
11:47
buttons for example that say,
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比如說，像這樣的一個按鈕：
「如果你喜歡這個故事，請點擊這裏，
11:50
"If you liked this story,
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11:52
click here to support a cause
your storyteller believes in."
your storyteller believes in."
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支持講故事那人所捍衛的信念。」
11:56
Or "click here to contribute
to your storyteller's next big idea."
to your storyteller's next big idea."
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或者是「點擊這裏
來捐贈她下一個大理念」。
來捐贈她下一個大理念」。
12:02
Often, we are committed to the platforms,
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我們一般總是忠於某個網路平台，
12:05
but not necessarily
to the storytellers themselves.
to the storytellers themselves.
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而不是在故事人的本身。
12:07
And then lastly, I think that audiences
can make the world a better place
can make the world a better place
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最後，我想大家可以讓世界更美好，
12:12
by switching off their phones,
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我們可以關掉手機，
12:15
by stepping away from their screens
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遠離各種電子螢幕，
12:17
and stepping out into the real world
beyond what feels safe.
beyond what feels safe.
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走進這個真實，
但感覺不太安全的世界。
但感覺不太安全的世界。
12:22
Alice Walker has said,
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愛麗絲．華克曾經説過，
12:24
"Look closely at the present
you are constructing.
you are constructing.
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「仔細看著你正在建造的當下，
12:28
It should look like the future
you are dreaming."
you are dreaming."
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那應該是你夢想中的未來。」
講故事的人能幫助我們去夢想，
12:32
Storytellers can help us to dream,
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12:34
but it's up to all of us
to have a plan for justice.
to have a plan for justice.
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但是最終還是要靠我們自己
為正義制定計劃，採取行動。
為正義制定計劃，採取行動。
12:39
Thank you.
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謝謝大家。
12:40
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sisonke Msimang - Writer, activistSisonke Msimang untangles the threads of race, class and gender that run through the fabric of African and global culture.
Why you should listen
Sisonke Msimang tells stories about justice and human rights. In the early part of her career, Msimang set up a fund fight for people whose health had been compromised by their race, class and gender identities. In 2008 she became the executive director of the Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa, responsible for making grants on human rights projects. Msimang is now the head of programs at the Centre for Stories, a new initiative that collects, preserves and shares stories about migrants, refugees and diverse people and places linked to the Indian Ocean Rim.
Msimang has been awarded a number of fellowships including from Yale University, the University of the Witwatersrand and the Aspen Institute. She also contributes regularly to the New York Times, Newsweek, the Guardian and a range of other outlets. You can watch her Moth talk on the power of listening here.
Sisonke Msimang | Speaker | TED.com