ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dread Scott - Visual artist
Dread Scott makes revolutionary art to propel history forward.

Why you should listen

Dread Scott's work is exhibited across the US and internationally. In 1989, his art became the center of national controversy over its transgressive use of the American flag, while he was a student at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. President G.H.W. Bush called his art "disgraceful," and the entire US Senate denounced and outlawed this work. Scott became part of a landmark Supreme Court case when he and others defied the new law by burning flags on the steps of the US Capitol. His studio is now based in Brooklyn. 

Scott's work has been included in exhibitions at New York's MoMA PS1, the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis and Gallery MOMO in Cape Town, South Africa. His performance work has been presented at BAM in Brooklyn and on the streets of Harlem, NY. His work is in the collection of the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Brooklyn Museum, and it has been featured on the cover of Artforum magazine and the front page of NYTimes.com. Scott is a recipient of a 2018 United States Artists Fellowship and grants from the Creative Capital Foundation and the Open Society Institute. He works in a range of media, from performance and photography to screen-printing and video.   

Scott plays with fire -- metaphorically and sometimes literally -- as when he burned $171 on Wall Street and encouraged those with money to add theirs to the pyre. His work asks viewers to look soberly at America's past and our present. Writing about a recent banner project, Angelica Rogers wrote in the New York Times: "...it was difficult to look away from the flag's blocky, capitalized type. 'A Man Was Lynched by Police Yesterday.' It shouted the words so matter-of-factly that I felt myself physically flinch."

Scott is currently working on Slave Rebellion Reenactment, a community engaged performance that will reenact the largest rebellion of enslaved people in American History.

More profile about the speaker
Dread Scott | Speaker | TED.com
TED2018

Dread Scott: How art can shape America's conversation about freedom

Filmed:
1,368,594 views

In this quick talk, visual artist Dread Scott tells the story of one of his most transgressive art installations, which drew national attention for its controversial use of the American flag and led to a landmark First Amendment case in the US Supreme Court.
- Visual artist
Dread Scott makes revolutionary art to propel history forward. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I am a visual artist,
0
858
1475
00:14
and I make revolutionary art
to propel history forward.
1
2357
3381
00:18
I'm going to come right out
and tell you something:
2
6369
2411
00:20
I don't accept the economic foundation,
3
8804
1865
00:22
the social relations
4
10693
1161
00:23
or the governing ideas of America.
5
11878
1700
00:26
My art contributes to fundamental change
6
14523
1934
00:28
by encouraging an audience to address
big questions from that perspective.
7
16481
3879
00:32
Social change is hard,
but ideas matter tremendously.
8
20892
3286
00:37
When I say I'm an artist,
most people think, "Oh, he's a painter."
9
25594
3120
00:40
Behind me, you can see
some of the kind of work I do.
10
28738
2533
00:43
"Imagine a World
Without America" is a painting,
11
31295
2337
00:45
but I work in a range of media,
12
33656
1493
00:47
including photography,
video and performance art.
13
35173
3000
00:53
A current project,
"Slave Rebellion Reenactment,"
14
41536
2818
00:56
is going to be reenacted
on the outskirts of New Orleans
15
44378
2976
00:59
this November.
16
47378
1159
01:02
In 1989, I had an artwork that became
the center of controversy
17
50500
3879
01:06
over its transgressive use
of the American flag.
18
54403
2648
01:09
"What is the Proper Way
to Display a US Flag?"
19
57620
2634
01:12
is a conceptual work that encouraged
audience participation.
20
60278
3074
01:16
It consisted of a photo montage
that had text that read,
21
64003
2697
01:18
"What is the Proper Way
to Display a US Flag?"
22
66724
2495
01:21
Below that were books that people
could write responses to that question in,
23
69243
3598
01:24
and below that was a flag
that people had the option of standing on.
24
72865
3197
01:28
The photo montage consisted
of images of South Korean students
25
76086
3060
01:31
burning American flags,
26
79170
1447
01:32
holding signs that said,
"Yankee go home. Son of a bitch,"
27
80641
2824
01:35
and below that were flag-draped coffins
coming back from Vietnam.
28
83489
3239
01:39
People wrote long and short answers.
29
87461
2068
01:41
Thousands of people engaged with the work
in a lot of different languages.
30
89553
3542
01:45
Some of the people said,
31
93420
1295
01:47
"I'm a German girl.
32
95414
1254
01:48
If we Germans would admire
our flag as you all do,
33
96692
3022
01:51
we would be called Nazis again.
34
99738
1735
01:53
I think you do have too much
trouble about this flag."
35
101497
2606
01:57
"I think that the artist
should be returned to his heritage,
36
105930
2832
02:00
i.e., the jungles of Africa,
37
108786
1645
02:02
and then he can shovel manure
in his artistic way."
38
110455
2626
02:06
"This flag I'm standing on stands for
everything oppressive in this system:
39
114981
3601
02:10
the murder of the Indians
and all the oppressed around the world,
40
118606
3068
02:13
including my brother
who was shot by a pig,
41
121698
2004
02:15
who kicked over his body
to 'make sure the nigger was dead.'
42
123726
3036
02:19
That pig was wearing the flag.
43
127776
1603
02:21
Thank you, Dread Scott,
for this opportunity."
44
129403
2342
02:24
"As a veteran defending the flag,
45
132259
1601
02:25
I personally would never
defend your stupid ass!
46
133884
2269
02:28
You should be shot!" -- US Navy Seal Team.
47
136177
2518
02:32
As you can see, people had
very strong reactions about the flag then,
48
140463
3462
02:35
as they do now.
49
143949
1231
02:37
There were demonstrations of veterans
in front of the Art Institute of Chicago.
50
145606
3784
02:41
They chanted things like,
51
149414
1249
02:42
"The flag and the artist,
hang them both high,"
52
150687
2248
02:44
evoking images of lynching.
53
152959
1524
02:46
I received numerous death threats,
54
154507
1638
02:48
and bomb threats
were phoned in to my school.
55
156169
2130
02:50
It was a very dangerous situation.
56
158323
1680
02:52
Later, President Bush called
the work "disgraceful,"
57
160401
2533
02:54
which I viewed as a tremendous honor,
58
162958
1795
02:56
and Congress outlawed the work.
59
164777
1525
02:58
(Laughter)
60
166326
1105
02:59
I became part of a Supreme Court case
when I and others defied that law,
61
167455
4017
03:03
by burning flags
on the steps of the Capitol.
62
171496
2185
03:06
That action and the subsequent
legal and political battle
63
174485
3120
03:09
led to a landmark First Amendment decision
that prevented the government
64
177629
3678
03:13
from demanding
patriotism be mandatory.
65
181331
2378
03:16
But let me back up a bit.
66
184169
1220
03:17
These people literally wanted me dead.
67
185413
2260
03:20
What I would do at this moment
would make a difference.
68
188633
2624
03:23
This is me at the exact same moment,
69
191281
2047
03:25
eight stories above that crowd.
70
193352
1781
03:28
It was supposed to be for a photo shoot
71
196368
1881
03:30
that was going to take place on the steps
where the veterans were at that time.
72
198273
3795
03:34
It wouldn't have been safe
for me to be there, to say the least.
73
202092
3026
03:37
But it was really important
to do that shoot,
74
205142
2141
03:39
because while some wanted to kill me,
it was also a situation
75
207307
2889
03:42
where those who viewed the American flag
as standing for everything oppressive
76
210220
3690
03:45
in this system
77
213934
1156
03:47
felt that they had a voice,
78
215114
1295
03:48
and that voice needed to be amplified.
79
216433
1967
03:50
The point is this:
80
218837
1224
03:52
changing anything --
81
220085
1370
03:53
whether it's conventional ideas
about US national symbols,
82
221479
4002
03:57
traditional thinking challenged
by scientific breakthroughs
83
225505
2922
04:00
or ousting an authoritarian president --
84
228451
2428
04:02
requires a lot of things.
85
230903
1327
04:04
It requires courage,
86
232254
1612
04:05
luck
87
233890
1155
04:07
and also vision and boldness of action.
88
235069
2644
04:10
But on luck --
89
238971
1170
04:12
I have to say, the photo shoot we did
might not have worked out so well.
90
240165
3473
04:15
We laughed after we were out of the area.
91
243662
2430
04:18
But the thing is, it was worth the risk
92
246116
1868
04:20
because of the stakes that were involved.
93
248008
2007
04:22
And in this case, the luck
led to a wonderful,
94
250039
2153
04:24
profound and powerful situation
95
252216
1511
04:25
that was also humorous.
96
253751
1466
04:27
Thank you.
97
255241
1164
04:28
(Applause)
98
256429
2376

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dread Scott - Visual artist
Dread Scott makes revolutionary art to propel history forward.

Why you should listen

Dread Scott's work is exhibited across the US and internationally. In 1989, his art became the center of national controversy over its transgressive use of the American flag, while he was a student at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. President G.H.W. Bush called his art "disgraceful," and the entire US Senate denounced and outlawed this work. Scott became part of a landmark Supreme Court case when he and others defied the new law by burning flags on the steps of the US Capitol. His studio is now based in Brooklyn. 

Scott's work has been included in exhibitions at New York's MoMA PS1, the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis and Gallery MOMO in Cape Town, South Africa. His performance work has been presented at BAM in Brooklyn and on the streets of Harlem, NY. His work is in the collection of the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Brooklyn Museum, and it has been featured on the cover of Artforum magazine and the front page of NYTimes.com. Scott is a recipient of a 2018 United States Artists Fellowship and grants from the Creative Capital Foundation and the Open Society Institute. He works in a range of media, from performance and photography to screen-printing and video.   

Scott plays with fire -- metaphorically and sometimes literally -- as when he burned $171 on Wall Street and encouraged those with money to add theirs to the pyre. His work asks viewers to look soberly at America's past and our present. Writing about a recent banner project, Angelica Rogers wrote in the New York Times: "...it was difficult to look away from the flag's blocky, capitalized type. 'A Man Was Lynched by Police Yesterday.' It shouted the words so matter-of-factly that I felt myself physically flinch."

Scott is currently working on Slave Rebellion Reenactment, a community engaged performance that will reenact the largest rebellion of enslaved people in American History.

More profile about the speaker
Dread Scott | Speaker | TED.com