ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Vikram Patel - Mental health care advocate
Vikram Patel helps bring better mental health care to low-resource communities -- by teaching ordinary people to deliver basic psychiatric services.

Why you should listen

In towns and villages that have few clinics, doctors and nurses, one particular need often gets overlooked: mental health. When there is no psychiatrist, how do people get care when they need it? Vikram Patel studies how to treat conditions like depression and schizophrenia in low-resource communities, and he's come up with a powerful model: training the community to help.

Based in Goa for much of the year, Patel is part of a policy group that's developing India's first national mental health policy; he's the co-founder of Sangath, a local NGO dedicated to mental health and family wellbeing. In London, he co-directs the Centre for Global Mental Health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. And he led the efforts to set up the Movement for Global Mental Health, a network that supports mental health care as a basic human right.

From Sangath's mission statement: "At the heart of our vision lies the ‘treatment gap’ for mental disorders; the gap between the number of people with a mental disorder and the number who receive care for their mental disorders."

More profile about the speaker
Vikram Patel | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2012

Vikram Patel: Mental health for all by involving all

Vikram Patel: Saúde mental para todos involucrando a todos

Filmed:
1,103,181 views

Aproximadamente 450 millóns de persoas están afectadas por enfermidades mentais no mundo. Nos paises ricos, tan só a mitade reciben os coidados apropiados, pero nos paises en desenvolvemento, cerca do 90 por cento non reciben tratamento debido á escaseza de psiquiatras. Vikram Patel esboza un enfoque moi prometedor: a formación de membros nas comunidades para que realicen intervencións de saúde mental, capacitando a persoas sen estudos para que presten coidados a outras persoas da comunidade.
- Mental health care advocate
Vikram Patel helps bring better mental health care to low-resource communities -- by teaching ordinary people to deliver basic psychiatric services. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:16
I want you to imagine this for a moment.
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Quero que se imaxinen isto
00:19
Two men, Rahul and Rajiv,
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Dous homes, Tahul e Rajiv,
00:21
living in the same neighborhood,
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os dous viven no mesmo barrio,
00:23
from the same educational background, similar occupation,
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teñen a mesma formación
e traballos semellantes
e os dous se achegan
ao servizo de urxencias
00:27
and they both turn up at their local accident emergency
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00:29
complaining of acute chest pain.
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queixándose dunha dor aguda no peito.
00:32
Rahul is offered a cardiac procedure,
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A Rahul fanlle probas do corazón
00:35
but Rajiv is sent home.
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pero a Rajiv non: mándanno a casa.
00:38
What might explain the difference in the experience
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Cal é a explicación do trato distinto
00:41
of these two nearly identical men?
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en dúas persoas practicamente iguais?
00:44
Rajiv suffers from a mental illness.
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Rajiv sofre unha enfermidade mental.
00:47
The difference in the quality of medical care
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A diferenza
na calidade dos coidados médicos
00:51
received by people with mental illness is one of the reasons
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recebidos por persoas
con enfermidade mental
é unha das razóns
polas que viven menos tempo
00:53
why they live shorter lives
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que as persoas sen enfermidade mental
00:55
than people without mental illness.
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00:57
Even in the best-resourced countries in the world,
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Mesmo nos paises
que dispoñen de máis recursos no mundo,
01:00
this life expectancy gap is as much as 20 years.
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a diferenza na espectativa de vida
supera os 20 anos.
Nos paises en vías de desenvolvemento
01:04
In the developing countries of the world, this gap
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a diferenza aínda é maior
01:06
is even larger.
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Pero ademais, as enfermidades mentais
poden matar de forma máis directa.
01:09
But of course, mental illnesses can kill in more direct ways
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01:12
as well. The most obvious example is suicide.
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O exemplo máis obvio é o suicidio
01:15
It might surprise some of you here, as it did me,
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Pode que lles sorprenda,
como me pasou a min,
cando descubrín que o suicidio
é unha das principais causas de morte
01:18
when I discovered that suicide is at the top of the list
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01:21
of the leading causes of death in young people
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entre a xente nova en todo o mundo
01:23
in all countries in the world,
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01:25
including the poorest countries of the world.
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incluíndo os paises máis pobres do planeta
01:28
But beyond the impact of a health condition
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Pero máis que o impacto que un problema
de saúde teña na esperanza de vida
01:31
on life expectancy, we're also concerned
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a nós preocúpanos
o seu efecto na calidade de vida
01:33
about the quality of life lived.
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Para analizar simultaneamente
o impacto dun problema de saúde
01:36
Now, in order for us to examine the overall impact
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01:38
of a health condition both on life expectancy
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sobre a cantidade e a calidade de vida
01:41
as well as on the quality of life lived, we need to use
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necesitamos usar un indicador
chamado AVAD
01:44
a metric called the DALY,
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01:45
which stands for a Disability-Adjusted Life Year.
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e que se corresponde cos
Anos de Vida Axustados por Discapacidade
Cando facemos isto,
01:50
Now when we do that, we discover some startling things
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descubrimos cousas alarmantes
sobre a saúde mental
01:52
about mental illness from a global perspective.
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dende unha perspectiva global
01:55
We discover that, for example, mental illnesses are
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Descubrimos, por exemplo,
...que a enfermidade mental é unha das
principais causas de invalidez no mundo
01:58
amongst the leading causes of disability around the world.
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A depresión, por exemplo, é a terceira
causa de incapacidade no mundo
02:03
Depression, for example, is the third-leading cause
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02:06
of disability, alongside conditions such as
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xunto con enfermidades
como a diarrea e a neumonía en nenos.
02:09
diarrhea and pneumonia in children.
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Cando xuntas todas as enferidades mentais
02:12
When you put all the mental illnesses together,
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02:14
they account for roughly 15 percent
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representan arredor do 15%
de todas as enfermidades do mundo.
02:16
of the total global burden of disease.
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02:19
Indeed, mental illnesses are also very damaging
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A verdade é que
se trata dunhas doenzas moi daniñas.
02:24
to people's lives, but beyond just the burden of disease,
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Pero máis alá da carga de enfermidade
imos considerar as cifras absolutas.
02:29
let us consider the absolute numbers.
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A Organización Mundial da Saúde estima...
02:32
The World Health Organization estimates
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02:34
that there are nearly four to five hundred million people
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que hai entre 400 e 500 millóns de persoas
02:37
living on our tiny planet
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vivindo no noso pequeno planeta
02:39
who are affected by a mental illness.
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que padecen enfermidades mentais.
02:41
Now some of you here
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Algúns de vostedes parecen
un pouco sorprendidos por este número
02:43
look a bit astonished by that number,
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pero consideren por un momento
a incrible variedade de doenzas mentais,
02:45
but consider for a moment the incredible diversity
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02:48
of mental illnesses, from autism and intellectual disability
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dende o autismo e a
deficiencia mental na infancia,
02:51
in childhood, through to depression and anxiety,
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ata a depresión e a ansiedade,
02:54
substance misuse and psychosis in adulthood,
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abuso de substancias e psicose en adultos
02:56
all the way through to dementia in old age,
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para chegar á demencia na vellez,
02:58
and I'm pretty sure that each and every one us
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e teño para min que todos os presentes
03:01
present here today can think of at least one person,
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podemos pensar
polo menos nunha persoa, unha persoa
03:04
at least one person, who's affected by mental illness
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afectada por unha enfermidade mental
03:07
in our most intimate social networks.
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no noso círculo social máis próximo.
03:12
I see some nodding heads there.
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Vexo que algúns asinten coa cabeza.
03:15
But beyond the staggering numbers,
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Pero alén das cifras sorprendentes
03:18
what's truly important from a global health point of view,
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o realmente importante
dende o punto de vista da saúde mundial
03:21
what's truly worrying from a global health point of view,
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o realmente preocupante
dende o punto de vista da saúde mundial
03:23
is that the vast majority of these affected individuals
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e que a grande maioría
deses individuos afectados
03:27
do not receive the care
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non reciben os coidados que
sabemos que poden cambiar as súas vidas
03:29
that we know can transform their lives, and remember,
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e lembren que temos firmes evidencias
03:31
we do have robust evidence that a range of interventions,
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de que unha chea de medidas,
03:34
medicines, psychological interventions,
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medicinas,
intervencións psicolóxicas e sociais
03:37
and social interventions, can make a vast difference.
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poden cambiar por completo a situación.
03:40
And yet, even in the best-resourced countries,
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Aínda así,
mesmo nos países de mais recursos
03:42
for example here in Europe, roughly 50 percent
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por exemplo, aquí, en Europa
cerca dun 50% das persoas afectadas
non reciben eses tratamentos
03:45
of affected people don't receive these interventions.
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No tipo de paises en que eu traballo
03:48
In the sorts of countries I work in,
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03:51
that so-called treatment gap
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esta ausencia de tratamento
03:53
approaches an astonishing 90 percent.
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acércase ao sorprendente 90%.
03:58
It isn't surprising, then, that if you should speak
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Por iso non é raro
se tes que falar cunha persoa
que padece unha enfermidade mental
04:01
to anyone affected by a mental illness,
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escoitar historias de sufrimento oculto
04:03
the chances are that you will hear stories
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04:06
of hidden suffering, shame and discrimination
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vergoña e discriminación
en case tódolos ámbitos da súa vida.
04:10
in nearly every sector of their lives.
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04:13
But perhaps most heartbreaking of all
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Pero quizais, o máis desgarrador de todo
04:16
are the stories of the abuse
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sexan as historias de abuso
04:19
of even the most basic human rights,
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mesmo dos dereitos humanos máis básicos
04:21
such as the young woman shown in this image here
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tal e como amosa a imaxe desta nena
04:24
that are played out every day,
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que acontecen
tódolos días, tristemente
04:26
sadly, even in the very institutions that were built to care
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incluso nas institucións
creadas para cuidar a estas persoas,
04:30
for people with mental illnesses, the mental hospitals.
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os hospitais mentais.
04:34
It's this injustice that has really driven my mission
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Esta inxusticia foi decisiva
para que eu me propuxera como misión
04:37
to try to do a little bit to transform the lives
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intentar transformar as vidas
de persoas afectadas por enfermedad mental
04:39
of people affected by mental illness, and a particularly
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e me centro
sobre todo en tender unha ponte
04:42
critical action that I focused on is to bridge the gulf
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entre os coñecementos que temos
04:46
between the knowledge we have that can transform lives,
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capaces de transformar vidas,
04:49
the knowledge of effective treatments, and how we actually
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os coñecementos
sobre tratamentos efectivos,
04:51
use that knowledge in the everyday world.
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e o uso diario que facemos
destes coñecementos no mundo.
04:55
And an especially important challenge that I've had to face
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E un desafío
especialmente importante co que me atopei
04:58
is the great shortage of mental health professionals,
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é a grande escaseza
de profesionais de saúde mental,
05:01
such as psychiatrists and psychologists,
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psiquiatras e psicólogos,
05:02
particularly in the developing world.
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sobre todo
nos paises en vías de desenvolvemento.
05:05
Now I trained in medicine in India, and after that
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Estudiei medicina na India,
e despois
elexín psiquiatría como especialidade
05:08
I chose psychiatry as my specialty, much to the dismay
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para desgusto
da miña nai e de toda a miña familia
05:11
of my mother and all my family members who
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05:13
kind of thought neurosurgery would be
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que pensaban que a neurocirurxía
sería unha opción máis respectable
05:15
a more respectable option for their brilliant son.
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para o seu brillante fillo.
05:18
Any case, I went on, I soldiered on with psychiatry,
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Sexa como fora
eu seguín coa psiquiatría,
05:21
and found myself training in Britain in some of
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e atopeime estudando en Inglaterra
nalgún dos mellores hospitais do país.
05:23
the best hospitals in this country. I was very privileged.
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Fun un privilexiado.
Traballei nun grupo moi talentoso,
05:26
I worked in a team of incredibly talented, compassionate,
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compasivo, pero o máis importante
moi ben formado e especializado
05:29
but most importantly, highly trained, specialized
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en saúde mental.
05:32
mental health professionals.
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Pouco despois de rematar os estudos
05:35
Soon after my training, I found myself working
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05:37
first in Zimbabwe and then in India, and I was confronted
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comecei a traballar
primeiro en Zimbabue e despois na India
05:39
by an altogether new reality.
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onde atopo
unha realidade totalmente nova.
05:42
This was a reality of a world in which there were almost no
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Foi a realidade dun mundo
no que casi non había
profesionais da saúde mental
05:45
mental health professionals at all.
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05:48
In Zimbabwe, for example, there were just about
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En Zimbabue, por exemplo,
apenas había unha ducia de psiquiatras
05:50
a dozen psychiatrists, most of whom lived and worked
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a maioría deles
vivían e traballaban na cidade de Harare,
05:53
in Harare city, leaving only a couple
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quedando só un par deles
ao coidado das necesidades de saúde mental
05:55
to address the mental health care needs
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05:57
of nine million people living in the countryside.
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dos 9 millóns de persoas
que vivían no campo.
06:01
In India, I found the situation was not a lot better.
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Na India
non atopo unha situación moito mellor.
Para que se fagan unha idea,
06:05
To give you a perspective, if I had to translate
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se na India houbera a mesma proporción
de psiquiatras que en Gran Bretaña
06:07
the proportion of psychiatrists in the population
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06:09
that one might see in Britain to India,
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debería haber
150.000 psiquiatras na India
06:12
one might expect roughly 150,000 psychiatrists in India.
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06:17
In reality, take a guess.
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Adivinen cantos hai.
06:20
The actual number is about 3,000,
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Nestes momentos arredor de 3.000
06:23
about two percent of that number.
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case o 2% dos que debía haber.
06:25
It became quickly apparent to me that I couldn't follow
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En seguida me din de conta
de que non podía seguir os modelos
de coidados de saúde mental que estudiara
06:28
the sorts of mental health care models that I had been trained in,
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06:31
one that relied heavily on specialized, expensive
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baseados en profesionais
caros e altamente especializados
06:34
mental health professionals to provide mental health care
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06:36
in countries like India and Zimbabwe.
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para paises como a India e Zimbabue.
Tiña que pensar
noutro modelo de coidados.
06:39
I had to think out of the box about some other model
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06:41
of care.
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06:43
It was then that I came across these books,
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Foi así que atopei estes libros,
e neles descubrín a idea
da delegación de tarefas na saúde global.
06:46
and in these books I discovered the idea of task shifting
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06:49
in global health.
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A idea é moi simple.
06:51
The idea is actually quite simple. The idea is,
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A idea é,
cando dispoña de poucos profesionais
06:54
when you're short of specialized health care professionals,
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06:57
use whoever is available in the community,
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utilice calquera persoa
dispoñible na comunidade,
07:00
train them to provide a range of health care interventions,
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fórmeos para prestar uns coidados mínimos.
07:03
and in these books I read inspiring examples,
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Nos libros lin exemplos inspiradores
07:06
for example of how ordinary people had been trained
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por exemplo, como se formou
a xente non preparada para atender partos
07:09
to deliver babies,
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07:10
diagnose and treat early pneumonia, to great effect.
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ou diagnosticar
e tratar pneumonía, con bos resultados.
07:13
And it struck me that if you could train ordinary people
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E pensei que si se lles pode preparar
para facer tarefas tan complexas
07:16
to deliver such complex health care interventions,
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07:18
then perhaps they could also do the same
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quizáis tamén se lles poda preparar
para prestar coidados en saúde mental.
07:21
with mental health care.
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07:23
Well today, I'm very pleased to report to you
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Hoxe, compráceme informarlles
que se ten experimentado moito
07:25
that there have been many experiments in task shifting
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na delegación de tarefas en saúde mental
07:29
in mental health care across the developing world
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na última década
nos paises en vías de desenvolvemento,
07:31
over the past decade, and I want to share with you
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e quero compartir con vostedes
os resultados de tres experimentos
07:33
the findings of three particular such experiments,
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07:36
all three of which focused on depression,
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todos eles enfocados na depresión,
a enfermidade mental máis común.
07:38
the most common of all mental illnesses.
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07:41
In rural Uganda, Paul Bolton and his colleagues,
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Na Uganda rural,
Paul Bolton e os seus colaboradores
07:44
using villagers, demonstrated that they could deliver
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demostraron que os aldeáns
podían facer psicoterapia para a depresión
07:48
interpersonal psychotherapy for depression
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07:50
and, using a randomized control design,
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e mediante un
estudo aleatorio controlado
07:53
showed that 90 percent of the people receiving
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demostró que o 90% das persoas que
recibiron esta intervención se recuperaron
07:55
this intervention recovered as compared
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fronte a un 40% no grupo control.
07:57
to roughly 40 percent in the comparison villages.
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08:01
Similarly, using a randomized control trial in rural Pakistan,
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Noutro estudo aleatorio controlado
en áreas rurais de Pakistán,
08:05
Atif Rahman and his colleagues showed
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Atif Rahman e os seus colaboradores
demostraron que as mulleres visitadoras
08:07
that lady health visitors, who are community maternal
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que eran traballadoras de saúde maternal
da comunidade
08:10
health workers in Pakistan's health care system,
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pertencentes ao sistema de saúde pakistaní
08:13
could deliver cognitive behavior therapy for mothers
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poideron prestar
terapia cognitiva conductual
08:15
who were depressed, again showing dramatic differences
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a nais que sufriron depresión
08:17
in the recovery rates. Roughly 75 percent of mothers
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demostrando grandes diferencias
nas tasas de recuperación.
08:20
recovered as compared to about 45 percent
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Cerca do 75% das nais se recuperaron
fronte ao 45% no grupo control.
08:23
in the comparison villages.
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E no meu propio estudo en Goal,
na India,
08:25
And in my own trial in Goa, in India, we again showed
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novamente mostramos como conselleiros
oriundos das comunidades locais
08:28
that lay counselors drawn from local communities
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08:31
could be trained to deliver psychosocial interventions
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poden ser entrenados
para facer intervencións psicosociais
08:33
for depression, anxiety, leading to 70 percent
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para a depresión ou a ansiedade,
acadando taxas do 70% de remisión
08:36
recovery rates as compared to 50 percent
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en comparación co 50%
nos centros de atención primaira.
08:38
in the comparison primary health centers.
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08:41
Now, if I had to draw together all these different
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Se tivese que reunir todos estes
experimentos de delegación de tarefas,
08:43
experiments in task shifting, and there have of course
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08:46
been many other examples, and try and identify
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e hai moitos outros exemplos,
08:48
what are the key lessons we can learn that makes
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e intentase identificar os aspectos clave
08:50
for a successful task shifting operation,
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que contribúen
ao éxito na delegación de tarefas
08:53
I have coined this particular acronym, SUNDAR.
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resumiríano co acrónimo SUNDAR
que eu veño de acuñar.
SUNDAR, en Hindi, significa "atractivo".
08:57
What SUNDAR stands for, in Hindi, is "attractive."
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Eu creo que hai cinco leccións clave
que amoso nesta diapositiva
09:01
It seems to me that there are five key lessons
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09:03
that I've shown on this slide that are critically important
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09:06
for effective task shifting.
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para unha axeitada delegación de tarefas.
09:08
The first is that we need to simplify the message
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A primeira é que necesitamos
simplificar a mensaxe que utilizamos
09:11
that we're using, stripping away all the jargon
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eliminando toda a xerga
que rodea a medicina.
09:14
that medicine has invented around itself.
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Temos que dividir
as intervencións complexas de coidados
09:17
We need to unpack complex health care interventions
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09:20
into smaller components that can be more easily
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en unidades pequenas
para poder transferirlas fácilmente
09:22
transferred to less-trained individuals.
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ás persoas menos entrenadas.
Hai que prestar os coidados
non en grandes institucións,
09:25
We need to deliver health care, not in large institutions,
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09:27
but close to people's homes, and we need to deliver
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senón perto dos fogares da xente
e cómpre facelo
09:30
health care using whoever is available and affordable
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utilizando a quen estea accesible
e dispoñible na comunidade.
09:32
in our local communities.
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09:35
And importantly, we need to reallocate the few specialists
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E, moi importante,
temos que reubicar
aos poucos especialistas que hai
09:38
who are available to perform roles
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para desenvolver labores
de formación e supervisión.
09:40
such as capacity-building and supervision.
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09:43
Now for me, task shifting is an idea
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Para min, a delegación de tarefas
é dunha importancia transcendental
09:45
with truly global significance,
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porque aínda que xurdiu
do problema da falta de recursos
09:48
because even though it has arisen out of the
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09:51
situation of the lack of resources that you find
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nos paises en vías de desenvolvemento
09:54
in developing countries, I think it has a lot of significance
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creo que tamén é importante
nos países con recursos abundantes.
09:57
for better-resourced countries as well. Why is that?
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E por qué?
10:00
Well, in part, because health care in the developed world,
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en parte porque os coidados de saúde
nos paises desenvolvidos,
10:04
the health care costs in the [developed] world,
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os custos dos coidados de saúde
nos paises desenvolvidos,
10:06
are rapidly spiraling out of control, and a huge chunk
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2577
estanse a ir rápidamente fóra de control,
en boa medida
polo custo dos recursos humáns.
10:09
of those costs are human resource costs.
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Pero tamén porque
os coidados de saúde
10:12
But equally important is because health care has become
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10:15
so incredibly professionalized that it's become very remote
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teñen acadado
unha especialización tan alta
que se teñen distanciado
das comunidades locais.
10:19
and removed from local communities.
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10:21
For me, what's truly sundar about the idea of task shifting,
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O concepto de SUNDAR
na transferencia de tarefas
10:25
though, isn't that it simply makes health care
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non afecta só
á accesibilidade e á economía
10:27
more accessible and affordable but that
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senón á capacitación e o
fortalecemento das comunidades.
10:30
it is also fundamentally empowering.
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10:32
It empowers ordinary people to be more effective
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Esta formación de xente sen estudos
para o coidado da saúde
10:36
in caring for the health of others in their community,
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doutras persoas na súa comunidade,
10:39
and in doing so, to become better guardians
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axúdalles tamén
a coidarse mellor a si mesmos.
10:40
of their own health. Indeed, for me, task shifting
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A delegación de tarefas
é o exemplo máis importante
10:44
is the ultimate example of the democratization
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da democratización do
coñecemento médico, do poder médico.
10:46
of medical knowledge, and therefore, medical power.
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10:52
Just over 30 years ago, the nations of the world assembled
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Hai pouco máis de 30 anos,
os paises do mundo reuníronse en Alma-Ata
10:55
at Alma-Ata and made this iconic declaration.
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e fixeron esta simbólica declaración.
(Saúde para todos no ano 2000)
10:58
Well, I think all of you can guess
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Creo que todos poden imaxinar
11:00
that 12 years on, we're still nowhere near that goal.
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que 12 anos despois
aínda estamos lonxe desta meta.
11:03
Still, today, armed with that knowledge
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Hoxe, sabendo que
a xente entrenada na comunidade,
11:06
that ordinary people in the community
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11:09
can be trained and, with sufficient supervision and support,
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con suficiente supervisión e apoio
11:12
can deliver a range of health care interventions effectively,
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pode prestar un amplo abano
de coidados de forma efectiva,
11:15
perhaps that promise is within reach now.
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tal vez estemos máis cerca
de acadar esta meta.
11:19
Indeed, to implement the slogan of Health for All,
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De feito, para poñer en marcha
a iniciativa "Saúde para Todos"
11:23
we will need to involve all
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necesitamos incluír a todos
nesa estratexia particular
11:24
in that particular journey,
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11:26
and in the case of mental health, in particular we would
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e, no caso da saúde mental en particular,
necesitamos incluír
ás persoas que padecen unha doenza mental
11:29
need to involve people who are affected by mental illness
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2903
xunto aos seus coidadores.
11:32
and their caregivers.
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11:33
It is for this reason that, some years ago,
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2536
É por esa razón que, hai uns anos,
fundouse o Movemento
Global pola Saúde Mundial,
11:36
the Movement for Global Mental Health was founded
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1918
un tipo de plataforma virtual
na que os profesionais coma min
11:38
as a sort of a virtual platform upon which professionals
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11:42
like myself and people affected by mental illness
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e as persoas que padecen
unha enfermidade mental
11:45
could stand together, shoulder-to-shoulder,
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poden loitar xuntos, ombro con ombro,
11:47
and advocate for the rights of people with mental illness
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e defender os dereitos
das persoas con doenzas mentais
11:50
to receive the care that we know can transform their lives,
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para recibiren os coidados que
sabemos que poden cambiar as súas vidas
11:53
and to live a life with dignity.
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e para que poidan vivilas con dignidade.
E para rematar,
cando teñan un momento de tranquilidade
11:56
And in closing, when you have a moment of peace or quiet
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12:00
in these very busy few days or perhaps afterwards,
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nestes días tan ocupados,
ou senón despois,
dediquen un momento a pensar
12:02
spare a thought for that person you thought about
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na persoa ou persoas que recordaron
que teñen unha enfermidade mental
12:05
who has a mental illness, or persons that you thought about
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12:08
who have mental illness,
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12:09
and dare to care for them. Thank you. (Applause)
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e atrévanse a coidalos. Gracias.
12:13
(Applause)
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Translated by Carlos Fernández-González
Reviewed by Pablo Figueiredo Palacios

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Vikram Patel - Mental health care advocate
Vikram Patel helps bring better mental health care to low-resource communities -- by teaching ordinary people to deliver basic psychiatric services.

Why you should listen

In towns and villages that have few clinics, doctors and nurses, one particular need often gets overlooked: mental health. When there is no psychiatrist, how do people get care when they need it? Vikram Patel studies how to treat conditions like depression and schizophrenia in low-resource communities, and he's come up with a powerful model: training the community to help.

Based in Goa for much of the year, Patel is part of a policy group that's developing India's first national mental health policy; he's the co-founder of Sangath, a local NGO dedicated to mental health and family wellbeing. In London, he co-directs the Centre for Global Mental Health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. And he led the efforts to set up the Movement for Global Mental Health, a network that supports mental health care as a basic human right.

From Sangath's mission statement: "At the heart of our vision lies the ‘treatment gap’ for mental disorders; the gap between the number of people with a mental disorder and the number who receive care for their mental disorders."

More profile about the speaker
Vikram Patel | Speaker | TED.com
THE ORIGINAL VIDEO ON TED.COM